CN102388773B - Organic mulch on earth surface of garden trees and application method thereof - Google Patents
Organic mulch on earth surface of garden trees and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102388773B CN102388773B CN 201110204218 CN201110204218A CN102388773B CN 102388773 B CN102388773 B CN 102388773B CN 201110204218 CN201110204218 CN 201110204218 CN 201110204218 A CN201110204218 A CN 201110204218A CN 102388773 B CN102388773 B CN 102388773B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an organic mulch on an earth surface of garden trees and an application method thereof and belongs to the technical field of garden planting. The organic mulch on the earth surface of the garden trees is prepared by mixing the following components in percentage by weight: 60-70% of pine bark, 25-30% of pine needle and 5-10% of Trichoderma water dispersible granule. By utilizing the organic mulch, water, fertilizer, gas and heat situations of the garden tree earth can be improved, weeds can be prevented from growing, and the purposes of retaining water and soil and optimizing environment can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of artificial vegetation and application thereof of Chinese garden planting technical field, specifically is a kind of ornamental trees and shrubs face of land organic mat and application method thereof.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of China's economic society fast development and the level of urbanization, people are more and more urgent to the demand of improving and beautify the environment, many local upsurges of rising city forest construction, and a large amount of newly-built greenery patchess can be found everywhere.Also there are a lot of deficiencies in the urban green space construction when obtaining very big effect, at present, at the soil habitats of city trees and shrubs trees and manage and protect aspect such as method, mainly have following problem: the first, and most of greening soil refuse soils and deep layer foundation pit earth of adopting more.Soil depletion, nutrient contents such as N, P are low, and the salinization of soil phenomenon is serious.The second, soil compaction and hardening, unit weight is higher, and permeability, moisture holding capacity are poor, are unfavorable for the growth of edaphon and tree root.The 3rd, turfgrass and ground cover plant fail effectively to improve soil regime, the situation with trees competition moisture and nutrient also can occur.The exposed face of land be can not occur when having vegetation to cover around the trees, airborne dust and water and soil loss easily caused.The 4th, a large amount of dry branches and fallen leavess, weeds etc. are eliminated or burn, and nutrient can not normally return soil and realize the material circulation, has also increased simultaneously to manage and protect cost.
At the problems referred to above of existence such as city trees and shrubs trees soil habitat, the obducent use in organic face of land becomes the important measures of urban soil child care.Organic increased surface covering is that the residue in the production of forestry process or urban afforestation discarded object are revert in the urban green space after processing, realizes the resource circulation recycling.Chi developed countries, organic mat are applied to the urban afforestation history of existing decades.Organic mat can effectively keep soil moisture, regulates temperature, improves soil physico-chemical property, strengthens the edaphon activity, regulates the soil water, fertilizer, gas, hot situation, finally reaches the effect of increasing soil fertility.Simultaneously can also suppress weed growth, prevent airborne dust and reentrainment of dust, decorate and beautify the environment.
Through being retrieved, prior art finds, Chinese patent application numbers 200310109748 discloses a kind of gardens increased surface covering and production method thereof of utilizing pecan shell to make, this technology adopts pecan shell, nitrogen, fermented bacterium etc. to mix for raw material and heap was made in rotten 28～30 days, each set of dispense adds nitrogen 0.39～0.52% than for per hundred kilograms of pecan shells, fermented bacterium 0.5%; Chinese patent application numbers 200810226197 discloses a kind of environmental protection organic mat, its component is wood shavings and various auxiliary material: Chinese patent application number 02125665 discloses a kind of preparation and method of windproof, the increased surface covering that fixes the sand, preserve soil moisture, heat up, utilize agricultural wastes such as stalk, multitudinous slag, furfural dregs to be primary raw material, the mixing material that can spray with the common formation of water miscible macromolecular material.
But these prior art range of application specific aims are not strong, and the prescription constituent is more, the manufacture craft relative complex, Production Time is longer, the present invention is directed to the problems referred to above, a kind of face of land organic mat that is mainly used in the child care of city trees and shrubs trees soil, beautifies the environment is provided, and recipe ingredient is simple and easy to, the manufacture craft strong operability.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the prior art above shortcomings, a kind of ornamental trees and shrubs face of land organic mat and application method thereof are provided, can improve the soil water, fertilizer, gas, the hot situation of city trees and shrubs trees, and suppress weed growth, reach water and soil conservation, optimize the environment.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of ornamental trees and shrubs face of land organic mat, mixed by pine and cypress bark, pine needle and Trichoderma water dispersible granules and to form, its weight ratio is: the pine and cypress bark: pine needle 60%～70%: 25%～30% and the Trichoderma water dispersible granules: 5%～10%.
Described pine and cypress bark is through pulverizing the natural fresh pine and cypress bark that processing is handled, bronzing, particle size range 2.5～5cm and＜particle of 2.5cm is no more than 20%.
Described pine needle is to process the natural fresh pine needle of handling through pulverizing, length 1.0～3.0cm, and＜1.0 particle is no more than 20%.
Active constituent content 200,000,000 Trichodermas in described Trichoderma water dispersible granules spore alive/gram, the mode that this Trichoderma water dispersible granules is bought by market obtains.
Above-mentioned organic mat soaked after a week, every 100g covering suction 70～75g, and covering is faintly acid, and the pH value is 5.6～6.2.
The present invention relates to above-mentioned organic mat and can be used for suppressing weed growth, concrete steps are: described organic mat evenly is layed in around the butt, coverage is in the table section annularly of tree crown upright projection, keep 5～10cm distance between organic mat edge and the butt, cladding thickness is 6～10cm, and according to circumstances replenishes 2～3cm every year.
When the plant pits of planting maintenance trees has boundary limitation, for example street tree, tree pond etc., it is the boundary with intrinsic border that covering is laid scope, other laying standards are constant, tree pool side frame should avoid covering to shed, be blown out or washed away out by rainwater a little more than back, shop covering.
The present invention is mainly used in the urban green space trees of newly planting, and application period can keep the moistening and loose of soil with the most suitable after spring, trees were planted, and improves planting survival rate; Can improve the soil environment of city trees and shrubs trees and promote the plant growth, cardinal principle is as follows:
The first, the pine needle particle diameter is little, and the decomposable process that rots is fast, can effectively discharge nutritive element, increases the soil organic matter.And for microorganism provides sufficient foodstuff, stimulate the activity of edaphon in the decomposable process.Decomposition and the release of nutrients such as organic matter in pine needle, the pine and cypress bark have further been accelerated in the obvious increase of ammonification bacteria, azotobacteria, cellulose decomposing bacteria, fungi in the soil, significantly increase the content of the available nutrient of soil.In addition, Trichoderma can excite the activity of root system beneficial bacterium to promote root growth, strengthens plant to mycotic resistivity, as epidemic disease bacterium, and pythium spp, Verticillium dahliae, Sclerotium rolfsii, the neck rot reaping hook is mould to wait other easily to cause root, the fungi that stem rot is mashed.
The second, this organic mat is faintly acid, and pH value 5.6～6.2 can effectively reduce soil acidity or alkalinity, improves the present situation of salinization of soil.And can produce various organic acids in the organic matter decomposition process in pine and cypress bark and the pine needle, reduce soil pH value.
The 3rd, covering can be accumulated rainwater, and can stop moisture to be transported to ground and to be evaporated along soil torr tubule, can keep soil moisture effectively, plays the effect of water saving, water conservation.
The 4th, certain thickness covering can intercept sunlight effectively, and the weeds of soil surface can't be grown.And pine and cypress bark particle diameter is bigger, and the physics suppression is strong, can form abundant animal, micropopulation, accelerates rotting of granule weed seed, makes it and can't germinate.In addition, the volatile matter of pine needle or leachate also can effectively suppress the sprouting of weeds.
The 5th, covering can reduce pedestrian, vehicle and rainwater to the soil packing effect, and the active of microorganism, animal also can effectively improve soil aggregate, reduces the bulk density of soil, increases aeration porosity.
The 6th, pine and cypress bark granularity is bigger, rough surface, and its covering effect and surperficial suction-operated can significantly reduce airborne dust and reentrainment of dust, and play and prevent the soil erosion, the effect that conserves water and soil.
The 7th, the improvement of soil physico-chemical property is conducive to the improvement of trees rhizosphere steric requirements, and soil nutrient increases, and saline and alkaline situation obtains relaxing, and has strengthened microbial activities, has improved soil enzyme activities, is the key factor that promotes the better growth of trees.At last, this covering is bronzing, is rich in texture, has avoided the face of land exposed, sets off mutually with ornamental plants, increases the beautiful scenery degree, makes the urban green space view have more absorptivity.
This face of land organic mat is by field test, and the result shows the effect of soil regime improvement remarkable.Be example with the fragrant camphor tree of newly planting, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 9.0～10.0cm.Lay this organic mat after 1 year, compare control group, soil moisture content (per day) increasing rate is 21.6%, soil temperature amplitude of diurnal variation reduced rate is 30.1%, the soil acidity or alkalinity value reduces by 9.0%, and soil aeration porosity, EC value, the content of organic matter, hydrolyzable nitrogen content, available phosphorus content increase by 15.9%, 33.1%, 25.0%, 47.3% and 18.8% respectively relatively.In addition, covering group weeds cover degree is 20%, and control group weeds cover degree is 80%.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
1. selecting the fragrant camphor tree of newly planting for use is Landscape Tree Species, amounts to 30, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 9～10cm, and hat 3.0～3.5m, growing state still can.
2. pine and cypress bark, pine needle and Trichoderma water dispersible granules are evenly mixed as organic mat according to 66%: 29%: 5% weight ratio.
3. 30 fragrant camphor trees are equally divided into two groups, be called improvement group and control group, do following processing respectively: remove the weeds in the improvement group trees tree crown drop shadow spread, evenly lay this face of land organic mat, coverage is the ground table section of tree crown upright projection, keep the 8cm distance between covering and the butt, cladding thickness is 7cm, and next year is replenished 3cm.Control group is not done any processing.
4. after covering 1 year, measure soil physico-chemical property index and weeds coverage rate, the result shows, compare control group, improvement group soil moisture content (per day) increasing rate is 25.7%, and soil temperature amplitude of diurnal variation reduced rate is 25.3%, and the soil acidity or alkalinity value reduces by 10.2%, soil aeration porosity, EC value, the content of organic matter, hydrolyzable nitrogen content, available phosphorus content increase by 20.7%, 23.1%, 34.9%, 40.1% and 20.8% respectively relatively.In addition, covering group weeds cover degree is 15%, and control group weeds cover degree is 90%.
Embodiment 2
1. selecting the wide yulan of newly planting for use is Landscape Tree Species, amounts to 30, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 7～8cm, and hat 2.0～2.5m, growing state still can.
2. pine and cypress bark, pine needle and Trichoderma water dispersible granules are evenly mixed as organic mat according to 70%: 25%: 5% weight ratio.
3. 30 wide yulans are equally divided into two groups, be called improvement group and control group, do following processing respectively: remove the weeds in the improvement group trees tree crown drop shadow spread, evenly lay this face of land organic mat, coverage is the ground table section of tree crown upright projection, keep the 10cm distance between covering and the butt, cladding thickness is 10cm, and next year is replenished 2cm.Control group is not done any processing.
4. after covering 1 year, measure soil physico-chemical property index and weeds coverage rate, the result shows, compare control group, improvement group soil moisture content (per day) increasing rate is 25.7%, soil temperature amplitude of diurnal variation reduced rate is 25.3%, and the soil acidity or alkalinity value reduces by 10.2%, and soil aeration porosity, EC value, the content of organic matter, hydrolyzable nitrogen content, available phosphorus content increase by 20.7%, 23.1%, 34.9%, 40.1% and 20.8% respectively relatively.In addition, covering group weeds cover degree is 15%, and control group weeds cover degree is 90%.
Embodiment 3
1. selecting the tree pond type ginkgo of newly planting for use is Landscape Tree Species, amounts to 20, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 7～8cm, and hat 2.5～3.0m, growing state still can.
2. pine and cypress bark, pine needle and Trichoderma water dispersible granules are evenly mixed as organic mat according to 65%: 25%: 10% weight ratio.
3. 20 ginkgoes are equally divided into two groups, be called improvement group and control group, do following processing respectively: remove improvement group and remove the weeds of setting in the pond, evenly lay this face of land organic mat, coverage is the boundary with tree pool side circle, keep the 5cm distance between covering and the butt, cladding thickness is 6cm, and next year is replenished 2cm.Control group is not done any processing.
4. after covering 1 year, measure soil physico-chemical property index and weeds coverage rate, the result shows, compare control group, improvement group soil moisture content (per day) increasing rate is 25.7%, soil temperature amplitude of diurnal variation reduced rate is that 25.3%, Tu Rang Fermentation basicity value reduces by 10.2%, and soil aeration porosity, EC value, the content of organic matter, hydrolyzable nitrogen content, available phosphorus content increase by 20.7%, 23.1%, 34.9%, 40.1% and 20.8% respectively relatively.In addition, covering group weeds cover degree is 15%, and control group weeds cover degree is 90%.
Claims (2)
1. ornamental trees and shrubs face of land organic mat, it is characterized in that, formed by following weight ratio by pine and cypress bark, pine needle and Trichoderma water dispersible granules: the pine and cypress bark: pine needle 60%～70%: 25%～30% and the Trichoderma water dispersible granules: 5%～10%, wherein:
The pine and cypress bark is through pulverizing the natural fresh pine and cypress bark that processing is handled, bronzing, particle size range 2.5～5cm and＜particle of 2.5cm is no more than 20%;
Pine needle is to process the natural fresh pine needle of handling through pulverizing, length 1.0～3.0cm, and＜1.0 particle is no more than 20%;
Active constituent content 200,000,000 Trichodermas in Trichoderma water dispersible granules spore alive/gram.
2. application according to the described ornamental trees and shrubs of claim 1 face of land organic mat, it is characterized in that, be used for suppressing weed growth, its concrete steps are: described organic mat evenly is layed in around the butt, coverage is in the table section annularly of tree crown upright projection, keep 5～10cm distance between organic mat edge and the butt, cladding thickness is 6 or 7cm, and according to circumstances replenishes 2～3cm every year.
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| CN 201110204218 CN102388773B (en) | 2011-07-20 | 2011-07-20 | Organic mulch on earth surface of garden trees and application method thereof |
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| CN102388773B true CN102388773B (en) | 2013-07-03 |
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| CN109392560A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-01 | 天津市琪梦环保科技有限公司 | A kind of application method of open ground organic mat |
| CN112154860B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2022-06-28 | 上海交通大学 | Composite material for improving microbial diversity and inhibiting pathogenic bacteria and preparation method thereof |
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