CN113133378A - Weed control method for container-type cultivated blueberries - Google Patents
Weed control method for container-type cultivated blueberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN113133378A CN113133378A CN202110468699.4A CN202110468699A CN113133378A CN 113133378 A CN113133378 A CN 113133378A CN 202110468699 A CN202110468699 A CN 202110468699A CN 113133378 A CN113133378 A CN 113133378A
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- 240000000851 Vaccinium corymbosum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 235000003095 Vaccinium corymbosum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 235000017537 Vaccinium myrtillus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 235000021014 blueberries Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000208421 Ericaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000993411 Myoporum insulare Species 0.000 description 1
- 231100000674 Phytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000012511 Vaccinium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000736767 Vaccinium Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling weeds in container-type cultivated blueberries, which comprises the following steps of firstly, manufacturing a root control cultivation container with an upper opening and a lower opening; uniformly mixing acidic peat, garden soil and coconut chaff to obtain a culture medium, and filling the culture medium into a root-control culture container; after the blueberries are planted, covering a layer of decomposed sheep manure on the surface of the matrix, covering a layer of sand, and covering a layer of pine needles; and finally, performing later-stage water and fertilizer management. The method can better control the growth of weeds by cultivating the matrix and combining the method of covering the decomposed sheep manure, the sand and the pine needles, and has the advantages of labor saving, simplicity, convenience, high efficiency, safety, environmental protection and the like. By the method, the growth of weeds in the container is remarkably inhibited, the covering can not only provide nutrients, but also play a role in preserving heat, preserving moisture and regulating the environment around the root system, and meanwhile, by combining the blueberry water and fertilizer integration technology, the nutrient components required by the blueberries can be accurately controlled, the irrigation frequency is reduced from 12 times to 4 times, and the weed control cost is also remarkably reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant cultivation, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling weeds in container-type cultivated blueberries.
Background
The blueberry is a new fruit tree with good economic value and social value, belonging to the genus of Vaccinium of Ericaceae. In the modern scale planting process, in order to overcome the problems of weak root system, strict requirement on soil environment and the like of the blueberries, the cultivation modes of potted plants or root control containers and the like are more and more common.
Weed control is a very important link in blueberry production. The blueberry root system is mainly fibrous root, has fine root without root hair, has the root number less than or equal to 1mm reaching 70 percent, and is mostly distributed in a soil layer of 0-30 cm. Weeds are various and grow vigorously, and compete for water, nutrients, illumination and growth space with blueberry plants, so that the tree vigor is weakened. Plants with poor growth are easily covered by weeds, and if the weeds are not removed in time, the trees die.
Chemical weeding (such as herbicide spraying) not only pollutes the environment and is not beneficial to green and safe production, but also can generate phytotoxicity on blueberry plants and influence the normal physiological functions of the blueberries. Mechanical weeding in container type cultivation is inconvenient to operate, manual weeding is low in efficiency and high in cost, and therefore a grass control technology which is simple to operate, low in cost investment and good in prevention and control effect needs to be explored.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a management method for controlling weed growth for a long time and keeping proper root system soil environment in blueberry cultivation aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preventing and controlling weeds of container-type cultivated blueberries comprises the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a root control cultivation container with an upper opening and a lower opening;
(2) uniformly mixing acid peat, garden soil and coconut chaff to obtain a culture medium, and filling the culture medium into the root-control culture container in the step (1);
(3) after the blueberries are planted, covering a layer of decomposed sheep manure on the surface of the matrix, covering a layer of sand, and covering a layer of pine needles;
(4) and (5) later-stage water and fertilizer management.
Specifically, in the step (1), the root control cultivation container is a cylinder formed by a rectangular polyvinyl chloride plate ring with air holes on the surface, the upper part and the lower part of the cylinder are opened, and the overlapped part is fixed by screws.
Preferably, in the step (2), the acidic peat, the garden soil and the coconut coir are uniformly stirred according to the volume ratio of 5:3:2, and then are sieved by a 3-mesh sieve to obtain the culture medium.
Preferably, in the step (2), after the culture medium is filled, the surface of the medium is 15-18cm away from the top opening of the root control culture container.
Preferably, in the step (3), the thickness of the decomposed sheep manure is 3-5 cm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the sand is washed, has a particle size of 0.8-1.0mm, and is covered by a thickness of 3-5 cm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the thickness of the pine needle cover is 6-8 cm.
Specifically, in the step (4), the water and fertilizer management adopts water and fertilizer integrated equipment and suspension type drip irrigation to irrigate and fertilize the blueberries.
Has the advantages that:
the method can better control the growth of weeds by cultivating the matrix and combining the method of covering the decomposed sheep manure, the sand and the pine needles, and has the advantages of labor saving, simplicity, convenience, high efficiency, safety, environmental protection and the like. By the method, the growth of weeds in the container is remarkably inhibited, the covering can not only provide nutrients, but also play a role in preserving heat, preserving moisture and regulating the environment around the root system, and meanwhile, by combining the blueberry water and fertilizer integration technology, the nutrient components required by the blueberries can be accurately controlled, the irrigation frequency is reduced from 12 times to 4 times, and the weed control cost is also remarkably reduced.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become further apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the blueberry planted in example 1 for about 3 months.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the effect of the blank group of blueberry planted for about 3 months in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the cover and its thickness on the surface of the substrate of example 2.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing effects of the embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become further apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
(1) Uniformly stirring and mixing acid peat, garden soil and coconut coir according to the volume ratio of 5:3:2, sieving with a 3-mesh sieve to obtain a culture medium, and filling the culture medium into a root-control culture container, wherein 5-10g of sulfur powder can be properly applied to each blueberry to adjust the pH value of the medium to about 5.5; the distance between the surface of the substrate and the mouth of the container is 6-8 cm.
(2) After the blueberries are planted, the root control cultivation container is divided into 6 sectors by adopting a partition plate. Wherein, the area I is covered with 3-5cm of decomposed sheep manure, the area II is covered with 3-5cm of sand, the area III is covered with 6-8cm of pine needles, and the area IV is covered with 3-5cm of decomposed sheep manure and then 3-5cm of sand; covering the area with 3-5cm of decomposed sheep manure, and then covering 6-8cm of pine needles; covering the area with 3-5cm of decomposed sheep manure, then covering the area with 3-5cm of sand, and finally covering the area with 6-8cm of pine needles; meanwhile, the surface of the substrate is not covered at all and is used as a blank group.
(3) And each experimental group adopts the same water and fertilizer integrated equipment to irrigate and fertilize.
The blueberries were planted in the containers for about 3 months as shown in fig. 1, and the blank group was shown in fig. 2.
As can be seen from figures 1 and 2, the grass growth cannot be inhibited by singly covering the sheep manure, the grass inhibition effect is poor by singly covering the pine needles, the weeds are easy to drill out of gaps, and the grass growth cannot be inhibited well by singly covering the sand. Meanwhile, covering the sheep manure first and then covering the sand, or covering the sand first and then covering the sheep manure cannot completely control the generation of weeds. In the blank group in fig. 2, even more numerous weeds were present, competing with the water and fertilizer of the blueberries.
Example 2
(1) The rectangular polyvinyl chloride plate with the air holes on the surface is circled into a cylinder with the diameter of 45-55cm and the height of 25-35cm, the upper part and the lower part are opened, and the overlapped part is fixed by screws to manufacture the root control cultivation container.
(2) Uniformly stirring and mixing acid peat, garden soil and coconut coir according to the volume ratio of 5:3:2, sieving with a 3-mesh sieve to obtain a culture medium, and filling the culture medium into a root-control culture container, wherein 5-10g of sulfur powder can be properly applied to each blueberry to adjust the pH value of the medium to about 5.5; the distance between the surface of the substrate and the mouth of the container is 15-18 cm.
(3) After the blueberries are planted, covering a layer of 3-5cm decomposed sheep manure on the surface of a substrate, covering a layer of 3-5cm cleaned sand, and covering a layer of 6-8cm pine needles on the surface of the substrate for normal field management to serve as an experimental group; in addition, after the blueberry is planted, no covering substance is covered on the surface of the matrix to serve as a control group.
(4) And (3) water and fertilizer management: and irrigating and fertilizing by adopting water and fertilizer integrated equipment and suspended drip irrigation.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the covering and its thickness on the surface of the substrate of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of the experimental group of the present invention.
Table 1 shows the comparison of the field growth parameters and the management cost of the variety planted in the south high cluster of 3 months (4-6 months) and the control group after the day.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in table 1: compared with a cultivation control group without a cover, the germination speed of the new blueberry plant covered by the decomposed sheep manure, the sand and the pine needles is obviously improved, the new length is increased by 55.3% compared with that of the control group, and the plant thickness is increased by 33.8%. Therefore, the covering cultivation has great influence on the growth vigor of the blueberries, probably because the covering sands and the pine needles have the effects of adjusting the ambient temperature around the tree disc, reducing the water evaporation on the surface of the matrix, and the sheep manure can not only provide nutrients, but also play a role in keeping the temperature of the blueberry tree disc in a low-temperature environment, so that a certain synergistic effect can be achieved according to the embodiment disclosed by the invention. The method can reduce the input of manpower and material resources in the improvement of the blueberry rhizosphere soil, can also improve the yield and the economic benefit of the blueberry in facility cultivation, and provides a new method for field weed control and prevention of the blueberries.
The invention provides a method and a concept for controlling weeds in container-cultivated blueberries, and a method and a way for realizing the technical scheme are many, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the invention, and the improvements and decorations are also regarded as the protection scope of the invention. All the components not specified in the present embodiment can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preventing and controlling weeds in container type cultivated blueberries is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a root control cultivation container with an upper opening and a lower opening;
(2) uniformly mixing acid peat, garden soil and coconut chaff to obtain a culture medium, and filling the culture medium into the root-control culture container in the step (1);
(3) after the blueberries are planted, covering a layer of decomposed sheep manure on the surface of the matrix, covering a layer of sand, and covering a layer of pine needles;
(4) and (5) later-stage water and fertilizer management.
2. The method for preventing and controlling weeds in the container-cultivated blueberries according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the root-control cultivation container is a cylinder formed by a rectangular polyvinyl chloride plate with air holes on the surface, the upper part and the lower part of the root-control cultivation container are opened, and the overlapped parts are fixed by screws.
3. The method for preventing and controlling weeds in the container-cultivated blueberries according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the acid peat, the garden soil and the coconut coir are uniformly stirred according to the volume ratio of 5:3:2, and then are sieved by a 3-mesh sieve to obtain the cultivation medium.
4. The method for preventing and controlling weeds in the container-cultivated blueberry plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), after the cultivation medium is filled, the surface of the medium is 15-18cm away from the top opening of the root-control cultivation container.
5. The method for preventing and controlling weeds of container-cultivated blueberries according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the thickness covered by the decomposed sheep manure is 3-5 cm.
6. The method for preventing and controlling weeds of the container-cultivated blueberries according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the sand is washed and has a particle size of 0.8-1.0mm, and the sand covers the thickness of 3-5 cm.
7. The method for preventing and controlling weeds in the container-cultivated blueberries according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the thickness of the pine needle cover is 6-8 cm.
8. The method for preventing and controlling weeds in the container-cultivated blueberries according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the water and fertilizer management adopts water and fertilizer integrated equipment and suspended drip irrigation to irrigate and fertilize the blueberries.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110468699.4A CN113133378A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Weed control method for container-type cultivated blueberries |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110468699.4A CN113133378A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Weed control method for container-type cultivated blueberries |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113133378A true CN113133378A (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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| CN202110468699.4A Pending CN113133378A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Weed control method for container-type cultivated blueberries |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114080961A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Planting method for reducing weeds among sweet potato rows |
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| CN103329770A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-10-02 | 河源市华睿蓝莓实业有限公司 | New regulation of blueberry planting technology in subtropical regions |
| CN105814995A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 镇远县道益堂生物科技有限公司 | Physical weeding method of bletilla striata |
| CN107347524A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-17 | 蒋艳梅 | A kind of method of bletilla striata weeding |
| CN111972204A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-24 | 金陵科技学院 | Novel method for cultivating blueberries by using vertical root control container |
-
2021
- 2021-04-28 CN CN202110468699.4A patent/CN113133378A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102388773A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2012-03-28 | 上海交通大学 | Organic mulch on earth surface of garden trees and application method thereof |
| CN103329770A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-10-02 | 河源市华睿蓝莓实业有限公司 | New regulation of blueberry planting technology in subtropical regions |
| CN105814995A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 镇远县道益堂生物科技有限公司 | Physical weeding method of bletilla striata |
| CN107347524A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-17 | 蒋艳梅 | A kind of method of bletilla striata weeding |
| CN111972204A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-24 | 金陵科技学院 | Novel method for cultivating blueberries by using vertical root control container |
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| Title |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114080961A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Planting method for reducing weeds among sweet potato rows |
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Application publication date: 20210720 |