CN102361605A - 视网膜下进入装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供使用精细牵拉保持感光视网膜进入视网膜下腔的手术装置,以创建并维持足够尺寸的开放视网膜下腔,从而在眼部引入并执行治疗。这些治疗可包括照明剂或成像剂的引入、或者照明或成像工具的引入,手术工具的引入,药物或生物制剂的灌注,移植物、移接物或植入物的放置,以及通过密封剂输送的部位封闭。
Description
相关申请
要求2009年1月23日提交的共同转让的美国专利申请No.12/359,157的优先权,其通过引用全文结合到本文中用于所有目的。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于眼部的手术仪器。更特别地,本发明涉及能使用精细牵拉保持感光视网膜提供进入视网膜下腔的仪器,以创建并维持足够尺寸的开放视网膜下腔,从而在眼部引入并执行治疗。这种治疗可包括照明剂或成像剂的引入,或者照明或成像工具的引入,手术工具的引入,药物或生物制剂的输注,移植物、移接物或植入物的放置。
背景技术
有很多影响人眼后段的疾病和病情,其可导致视觉灵敏度下降并最终失明。来自疾病过程或生理解剖缺陷的有害后果可影响眼后组织,例如感光视网膜,视网膜色素上皮(RPE)和脉络膜等组织。例如年龄相关的黄斑变性、糖尿病性视网膜病变、早产视网膜病变、脉络膜新生血管、视网膜炎和黄斑水肿的疾病;以及例如黄斑裂孔、视网膜脱落、视网膜前膜、视网膜或脉络膜静脉闭塞的病情都可导致由轻度到完全范围的视力丧失。这些疾患中有许多是通过全身或玻璃体内注射药物制剂,或经通过玻璃体腔的手术进行治疗。如黄斑易位、RPE细胞和组织移接、或甚至视网膜植入物放置的手术是新技术工艺,其为了要在部位的特定位置施行治疗,需要最少侵入式地进入眼后组织。
由于视网膜的有限进入性和精细结构,其在手术操作中可被轻易伤害,针对感光视网膜以下组织的介入手术难以执行。希望提供一种以安全方式对组织进行进入并输送治疗的方法,其是不经玻璃体腔直接可进入的。使用精细牵拉保持感光视网膜进入视网膜下腔,将允许安全并直接的介入邻近包括视网膜和RPE的外核层或感光层的视网膜下腔的组织。
本发明针对通过当创建并维持足够尺寸的开放视网膜下腔以引入并执行治疗时,维持视网膜上适当位置并保护视网膜,通过内路方法有利地提供视网膜下进入的手术装置。
发明内容
本发明提供在眼部使用的手术装置,包括:
第一细长管状构件,其具有近端和远端,以及从所述近端传通到所述远端的第一管腔,且尺寸适于穿过巩膜造口术端口;
第二细长管状构件,其具有近端和远端,位于所述第一管状构件的所述第一管腔内,所述第二管状构件具有从其近端至其远端穿过的内流路;
环状空间在所述第一细长管状构件的所述第一管腔内,环状地围绕所述第二细长管状构件;
所述第二细长管状构件的所述远端具有大小和形状适于穿透进入感光视网膜的组织的尖部;
所述第一细长管状构件的所述远端是开放端,并适于置为与眼的组织表面接触,由此在所述环状空间内压力减少时,所述第一细长管状构件的所述远端密封到与所述远端接触的所述组织表面上以允许所述尖部通过所述组织表面穿透,用于在所述组织表面下形成囊,而不伤害下层组织。
该手术装置特别有用,其中所述组织是视网膜,所述尖部的形状和大小适于穿透感光视网膜。在一些实施方式中,该手术装置的尺寸和形状也特别适于穿透以进入视网膜下色素上皮或视网膜下腔。
在一些实施方式中,在所述第二管状构件内的所述内流路可为第二管腔。在一些实施方式中,所述内流路可为允许液体从所述近端流至所述远端的所述第二管状构件的多孔内部。
所述环状空间在所述第一细长管状构件中形成与所述内流路分离的外流路。
在一些实施方式中,所述第一细长管状构件充分密封到所述组织表面上,以机械地稳定组织,用以所述第二细长管状构件的所述远端尖部穿透,以及通过所述内流路注射液体,以在所述组织下形成囊,而不伤害下层组织。
在一些实施方式中,所述第一细长管状构件充分密封到所述组织表面上,使得所述第一细长管状构件的撤去引起所述组织从其它下层组织剥离,以形成囊。
在一些实施方式中,所述第二管状构件的所述尖部可为尖锐的。
因此,在一些实施方式中,该手术装置包括:
第一细长管状构件,其具有近端和远端,以及从所述近端传递到所述远端的管腔,且尺寸适于穿过巩膜造口术端口;
第二细长管状构件,其具有近端和远端,位于所述第一管状构件的所述管腔内,所述第二管状构件具有从其近端至其远端穿过的通道;
环状空间在所述第一细长管状构件的所述管腔内,环状地围绕所述第二细长管状构件;
所述第二细长管状构件的所述远端具有尖锐的尖部;
所述第一细长管状构件的所述远端是开放端,并适于置为与组织表面接触,由此在所述环状空间内压力减少时,所述第一细长管状构件的所述远端充分密封到所述组织上,使得所述第一细长管状构件的撤去引起所述组织从该组织下的其它组织剥离,以在该组织下形成囊;所述囊由所述第二细长管状构件的所述尖锐的尖部通过该组织可进入地穿透,而不伤害所述下层组织。
在一个实施方式中,在所述第一细长管状构件中的所述通道与通过所述通道引入流体,悬浮液,密封剂,粘合剂,粘性固体或气体,或抽出流体,悬浮液,粘性固体或气体的装置连通。
在另一实施方式中,在所述第二细长管状构件中的所述通道与通过所述通道引入液体,悬浮液,粘性固体或气体,或抽出流体,悬浮液,粘性固体或气体的装置连通。
在另一实施方式中,所述第二细长管状构件的所述远端延伸超出所述第一细长管状构件的所述开放远端固定距离以限制对下层组织的创伤。所述第二细长管状构件优选地延伸超出所述第一细长管状构件的所述开放远端约0.005英寸(0.127毫米)至约0.125英寸(3.175毫米)。
在另一实施方式中,所述第二细长管状构件可滑动地位于所述第一细长管状构件内,以处理远离穿透部位的区域。所述第二细长管状构件也可以可伸缩地进入所述第一细长管状构件的所述管腔。
在又一实施方式中,阻挡构件位于所述装置的所述远端的环状空间中,所述阻挡构件具有足以基本上阻止组织通过所述开放远端进入所述环状空间而不阻止流体流过所述环状空间的配置。在一些实施方式中,所述阻挡构件可包括线圈,环或穿孔薄片。在所述薄片上的穿孔具有范围在约0.0001英寸(0.0025毫米)至约0.005英寸(0.127毫米)内的平均直径。
在一些实施方式中,所述第二管状构件中的所述通道容纳手术仪器或工具。该工具可包括成像仪器,例如内窥镜,或显微手术仪器,例如用于从组织或脉管清除血块的仪器或工具。该仪器可包括传导能量的元件,例如光纤,其可为成像仪器或适于在目标部位输送激光能量;或者电传导元件,适于输送切除组织或脉管的射频能量。
在一个实施方式中,所述装置的所述远端的形状和尺寸适于进入视网膜下腔。
在另一实施方式中,所述装置的所述远端的形状和尺寸适于进入视网膜色素上皮组织。
在又一实施方式中,所述装置的所述远端的形状和尺寸适于进入视网膜组织。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的视网膜下进入套管装置的示意图。
图2是根据本发明的视网膜下进入套管装置的详细示意图。
图3是根据本发明的装置远端尖部操作的示意图。
图4是根据本发明的在近端的装置示意图。
图5是根据本发明的在远端的装置示意图。
图6是根据本发明的装置远端尖部的示意图,包括与主杆的远端尖部齐平的组织阻挡机构。
图7是根据本发明的装置远端尖部的示意图,包括从主杆的远端尖部突出的组织阻挡机构。
图8是根据本发明的装置远端尖部的示意图,包括位于在第二细长管状构件(微针)通道内的加强构件。
图9是根据本发明的装置的示意图,该装置通过巩膜造口术端口被展开,并与视网膜下腔连通。
图10是根据本发明的装置的流路示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供用于在人眼中进入视网膜下腔以向后段引入治疗的手术装置,更特别地对视网膜、视网膜色素上皮及脉络膜引入治疗。当允许受控进入向下进入视网膜下腔时,该装置有利地工作以安全并轻轻地稳定感光视网膜。该装置有利地允许直接组织进入,以促进手术,药物或生物介入。该装置被设计为通过促进治疗的直接可视化的内路方法,通过标准巩膜造口术端口进入目标部位。
本发明的装置特别提供到视网膜下腔的进入,以向相邻组织输送装置,材料,能量或物质。本发明的优点是,当在视网膜之下执行治疗时,该装置的使用提供了轻轻保持并维持在视网膜上位置的方法。
根据本发明的装置包括两个元件,第一元件,被设计为使用真空保持并稳定视网膜,以及第二元件,被设计为可控地刺穿视网膜,并提供至其下腔的进入。
第一元件包括第一细长管状构件,该构件具有近端和远端,以及从近端通至远端的管腔。该远端是开放端,并适于置为与组织表面接触,由此当第一管状构件内压力减少时,其远端充分密封在组织上使得第一细长管状构件的撤去或进入视网膜下腔的流体输注引起组织从该组织下层的其它组织脱离,以在该组织之下形成囊。该囊通过第二元件尖部的穿透是可进入的,由此第二细长管状构件通过该组织进入而不损坏下层组织。
第二元件包括第二细长管状构件,该构件具有近端和远端,位于第一管状构件的管腔内。第二管状构件具有从其近端到其远端的流路。第二细长管状构件的远端具有尖部,其大小和形状适于穿透感光视网膜。
每个元件都与外部环境连通,并可选地可相互连通。各种介入工具和材料可通过第二元件引入,以及体或气体的输注或抽出被引入。根据本发明的装置在睫状体平坦部通过巩膜造口术端口被引入眼内。该装置在眼后区从睫状体平坦部至目标位置横穿玻璃体腔。
第一元件主要被设计为使用真空压力保持视网膜,并阻止组织进入该元件。此功能用来在视网膜上稳定装置位置,以允许视网膜之下将被完成的介入。第一元件也可用于流体或气体的输注。在优选实施方式中,第一元件包括可附接至输注源和抽出源的管状构件,其中抽出源用于提供稳定用的真空压力,输注源可用于提供缓慢的输注,以从第一元件释放视网膜组织。
第二元件还可包括刚性或柔性管状构件,大小适于正被输送的特定工具或材料。第二元件可用于将成像装置或材料容纳和/或输送至视网膜下腔。成像装置的例子包括用于内窥镜、光学相干断层扫描(OCT)、或照明的光纤。第二元件的远端尖部可包含反射镜,棱镜或透镜以促进成像。
第二元件可用于向视网膜下腔输送药物或生物制剂。药物制剂的例子包括但不限于抗血管内皮生长因子(抗VEGF),类固醇,抗生素,抗炎和凋亡抑制剂。生物制剂的例子包括但不限于基因治疗剂,放射性核素,干细胞疗法和自体细胞植入。
第二元件中的流路可与装置连通,用于通过该元件引入流体,悬浮物,粘性固体或气体以退出远端尖部。该流路还可与装置连通,用于通过远端尖部从眼部抽出流体,悬浮液,粘性固体或气体。
流路可以诸如鲁尔接头或快速连接接头的附件接头终止在近端。该接头可附接手动注射器,输液泵或其他装置,以向流路内引入材料。
第二元件可用于提供手术治疗的进入。该元件可用于向该空间引入手术仪器和工具。手术工具的例子包括但不限于钳,剪刀,探针和组织操控器。工具可包括诸如内窥镜或光纤仪器的成像仪器。工具可包括,例如,用于从组织或脉管清除血块的工具。其他光纤仪器可包括适于向目标输送能量,如激光或射频能量以切除组织或脉管的仪器。该进入装置可帮助或启用的治疗例子包括黄斑易位,RPE易位或移接,出血的破坏或移除,脉管狭窄或闭塞的扩张或打开,以及视网膜脉络膜吻合的治疗。
第二元件可用于提供至视网膜下腔的进入,用于放置植入物,例如药物输送站,影像学植入物,细胞植入疗法,如视网膜色素上皮组织,细胞移植和感光视网膜组织。此外,第二元件可用于提供上述疗法任意组合的进入。
在如上所述的治疗完成后,可希望密封在视网膜下治疗之上的视网膜中的进入伤口。第一元件可用于治疗完成时输送密封剂,粘合剂或其他手段以封闭进入部位。这种密封剂或粘合剂可包括自体血,纤维蛋白胶,或原位结合或交联的生物相容性合成聚合物。
优选使用巩膜造口术端口向后房引入该装置。巩膜造口术端口通过巩膜在睫状体平坦部被引入,以提供至后房的进入。该端口提供保持后房压力的机械稳定,密封和交换手术工具的能力。巩膜造口术端口系统在商业上有售,以提供直径从20至25号(Gauge)的装置的进入。
参考图1,装置被示为包括作为第一元件的外管状构件1,作为第二元件沿相同轴的较小管状构件2,以及一个或多个连接装置3,该连接装置用于将材料引入装置或通过装置抽出材料,并提供管状构件与其他装置之间的选择性连通。侧臂4提供与由管状构件的几何结构创建的各种流路的连通。
参考图2,中空管状外构件,或主杆1,为了与传统巩膜造口术端口兼容,通常具有范围在约0.010英寸(0.254毫米)至约0.050英寸(1.270毫米)的外径。当其被真空保持时,由于在尖部的光滑表面,主杆的远端尖部优选是对视网膜无机械创伤性的。可选地,聚合物涂层可施加于主杆尖部提供柔顺性,以进一步保护视网膜并提高真空环的密封。
第二较小管状构件,或进入杆2,用于进入视网膜下腔,并同心地置于主杆内。进入杆的远端可延伸超出主杆的远端尖部,通常在约0.0015英寸(0.0381毫米)至约0.125英寸(3.175毫米)范围的距离。此外,进入杆可滑动地位于主杆内,使得进入杆可如目标组织的治疗所需被向前并向后推进。进入杆同轴地位于主杆内并沿主杆长度,通常具有约0.0020英寸(0.0508毫米)至约0.010英寸(0.254毫米)的外径,以在进入杆刺穿组织进入视网膜下腔时最小化对视网膜的伤害。总之,主杆和进入杆的远端的形状和尺寸适于进入视网膜下腔及邻近组织,如视网膜,和/或视网膜色素上皮。在此尺寸范围内的进入杆不必需要尖锐的尖端或斜角穿透视网膜,但可包含斜角以便外科医生使用。进入杆通常可由聚合物材料制造,如聚酰亚胺,或诸如不锈钢或镍钛合金的金属。
侧臂4提供了到外流路的直接进入,该外流路包括主杆和进入杆之间创建的环状空间。当通过侧臂向环状空间施加真空时,环状空间中存在的真空将保持视网膜组织,并允许进入杆远端尖部穿过视网膜。在主杆和进入杆之间的环状空间施加的真空度可由用户确定。在与视网膜接触时,真空压力用于在一个位置保持装置的远端尖部就位。真空度通常可从10-760毫米汞柱变化,并优选地在50-100毫米汞柱的范围内,以安全捕获精细的组织。侧臂也可用作通过外环状空间输注流体的装置。例如,残留真空可保持感光视网膜附接至装置的外环状空间。安全介质的缓慢输注,如平衡盐溶液,可用于从装置尖端轻轻释放组织。在装置移除期间也可输送流动性密封剂以将穿透部位密封在视网膜下腔内,以防止置于视网膜下部位的治疗物质泄漏以及由穿透伤口带来的对视网膜的潜在伤害。通过连接装置3,各种仪器或制剂可通过进入杆被插入视网膜下腔或从视网膜下腔被去除。进入杆或进入杆内的仪器可在前进方向上被推进,以允许治疗区域远离穿透部位。柔性进入杆的使用促进视网膜下腔内的无创伤推进。例子包括但不限于,如类固醇的药物制剂或如探针的手术仪器。各种流体的去除也可有助于防止视网膜下积液或药物站的建立。
当装置连接至真空源,且装置远端抵住视网膜组织放置时,外环状真空拉住并捕获感光视网膜的表面,从而允许进入杆刺穿组织。可替代地,进入杆可压在感光视网膜上,直到它在某点刺穿,可在该点施加真空保持视网膜组织离开进入杆远端尖部。
参考图3,当5表示的外环状真空捕获并保持感光视网膜就位时,受保护的囊可通过进入杆由平衡盐溶液的缓慢注射在下方被创建,从而建立在手术结束可被逆转的暂时视网膜脱落,如果通过进入杆的注射流体的抽出需要这样做。在此受保护空间内驻留所示的进入杆2的远端尖部,其能直接进入视网膜,RPE和脉络膜的感光层。
参考图4,进入杆2延伸主杆的整个长度,并达到或超出主杆6的近端。侧臂4通过主杆6中的孔7连通主杆6的外环状空间并提供至主杆6的外环状空间的进入,该孔7连通主杆6与进入杆2之间的外环状空间。外环状空间通过侧臂与连接装置(未图示)的一个回路连通,从而允许操纵并控制视网膜,以及输注或抽出流体的可能性。进入杆与连接装置3的另一回路连通,从而允许材料或手术仪器、光纤或其他疗法的输注、抽出、设置。
在另一实施方式中,如图5所示,进入杆包括多个特征以促进进入视网膜下腔,如倾斜的远端尖部8。为最小化流阻,较大的杆10可与较小的远端进入杆9重叠,其中较小的远端进入杆用于最小化对视网膜组织的伤害。如果进入路径要被用于抽出视网膜下积液,较大杆10可改善进入路径的抽出水平。附加特征包括较小的远端杆9到较大杆10的渐进斗9a以创建平滑孔,从而促进各种仪器的引入。
在另一实施方式中,如图6所示,该装置还包括组织阻挡机构11以防止组织进入主杆与进入杆之间的外环状空间。该阻挡机构可包括外环状空间内的线圈,线环或具有穿孔的薄片装置。该穿孔通常可具有范围从约0.0001英寸(0.0025毫米)至约0.005英寸(0.127毫米)的平均直径,从而允许气体和流体通过但排除组织。线圈或环可驻留在外环的远端内。当真空被施加在该装置上时,线圈或环在远端尖部阻挡组织进入环状空间。
在另一实施方式中,如图7所示,阻挡构件11,如线圈,可延伸略超出主杆1的远端。当真空被施加在该装置上时,组织将压力施加于阻挡构件上,造成该构件压缩和收回,同时防止损伤组织并阻挡进入流路。
在另一实施方式中,如图8所示,该装置包括位于进入杆2的管腔内的加强构件12,以帮助防止扭结。该加强构件可为小直径金属丝。
参考图9,装置被示为包括作为第一元件的外管状构件1,作为第二元件沿相同轴的较小管状构件2,以及一个或多个连接装置3,该连接装置用于将材料引入装置,或通过装置抽出材料,并在管状构件与其它装置之间提供选择性连通。侧臂4提供了与由管状构件几何结构创建的外流路的连通。该装置通过传统的巩膜造口术端15被插入眼中。当外环状真空捕获并保持感光视网膜13就位时,受保护的囊14可通过进入杆由平衡盐溶液的缓慢注射在下方被创建,从而建立在手术结束可被逆转的暂时视网膜脱落,如果通过进入杆的注射流体的抽出需要这样做。在此受保护空间内驻留所示的进入杆2的远端尖部能直接进入视网膜、RPE和脉络膜的感光层。
在图10中,显示了装置优选实施方式内的流路示意图。在图10中,真空源16连接至侧臂4a。抽出流5进入外环状空间的远端尖部,然后通过小孔7a,再通过侧臂4a退出主杆1a。诸如注射器的输入装置连接至近端连接器3a,提供流17通过较大杆部10a,进入小管状构件2a并退出远端尖部18a。
为说明目的提供下面的例子。这些例子不意为限制本发明。
例1:进入装置
大约2英寸(50.8毫米)的薄壁25 号不锈钢海波管,0.020英寸(0.508毫米)x 0.012英寸(0.305毫米),(MicroGroup, Inc)被用作主杆。从海波管远端边缘约1.25英寸(31.75毫米)钻单孔。从3英寸(76.2毫米)长的0.020英寸(0.508毫米)x 0.060英寸(1.52毫米)的聚乙烯管(Tygon tubing)的一端约0.010英寸(0.254毫米)创建磨光轮。主杆通过磨光轮插入聚乙烯管,直到主杆的孔与聚乙烯管的管腔连通。紫外线固化氰基丙烯酸酯粘合剂(Loctite4305,Loctite, Inc)被施加在聚乙烯管与主杆之间的近端和远端的接口以创建密封,使得在从主杆分支的聚乙烯管与主杆的管腔之间存在连通。
0.028英寸(0.711毫米)不锈钢心轴与聚乙烯管的近端被加热,然后被送入聚乙烯管的该近端,以将聚乙烯管的内径从0.020英寸(0.508毫米)扩张至0.028英寸(0.711毫米),距离为约0.25英寸(6.35毫米)。6英寸(152毫米)长的0.016英寸(0.406毫米)x 0.026英寸(0.660毫米)Pebax管,具有之前粘接至近端的鲁尔接头,被插入聚乙烯管,并被粘接在使用紫外线固化氰基丙烯酸酯粘合剂的两个管件之间的接口处。
具有100微米(0.0039英寸)管腔的聚酰亚胺管(外径125微米(0.0049英寸),长度0.25英寸(6.35毫米))(Microlumen,Inc)被插入具有165微米(0.0065英寸)管腔的另一聚酰亚胺管(外径210微米(0.0083英寸),长度1.85英寸(46.99毫米))0.05英寸(1.27毫米)的距离以形成进入杆。施加环氧树脂(Loctitie M-31CL,Loctitie, Inc)以将两个聚酰亚胺管粘接在一起。
不锈钢线圈,其具有0.170英寸(4.318毫米)的长度,线延伸超出该线圈额外2.0英寸(50.8毫米)的长度,以及250微米(0.0846英寸)(Heraeus Vadnais,ST Paul,MN)的外径,被用作组织进入的防止机构。不锈钢线圈置于聚酰亚胺管组件上,使得额外的不锈钢线朝近端部分延伸。覆盖线圈的聚酰亚胺管组件然后被插入主杆,并在聚酰亚胺管,不锈钢线与在近端具有紫外线固化氰基丙烯酸酯粘合剂的主杆之间的接口被粘接以形成密封。聚酰亚胺管组件的远端尖部从主杆突出,且线圈在主杆内被捕获,使得线圈的远端与主杆的远端平齐。
主杆的近端被插入鲁尔接头,并用环氧树脂固定就位。装置提供到内聚酰亚胺管以及由聚酰亚胺管和主杆创建的外环状空间的分离进入。聚乙烯管提供严格至外环状空间的进入,而鲁尔接头提供仅到内聚酰亚胺管的进入。
例2:进入装置的实验室测试
从眼库获得人类尸体的眼部。移除角膜,虹膜,晶状体,和玻璃体,提供从眼球内部至视网膜的进入,而不明显损坏视网膜组织。开放的眼球被充满磷酸盐缓冲液。
如例1所述的进入装置被设置如下。该装置的侧面端口连接至真空源以在外环中提供抽出。该真空源能够提供从300到600毫米汞柱的真空度。6英寸长的延长管附接至与进入杆远端尖部连通的鲁尔接头。含0.1%阿尔辛蓝染料的注射器附接至延长线。
在第一试验中,装置尖部放置抵靠在制备期间已经从下层的RPE剥离的部分尸眼视网膜。真空抽出被施加于外环,且其到视网膜表面的附接由用装置施加在组织上的轻微牵拉确认。随着将外环置于视网膜表面上就位,内进入杆进入视网膜下腔。阿尔辛蓝被注入视网膜下腔,并被看到在视网膜组织下流动。停止注射,释放真空并从眼部移除装置。染料被可视地确认为在视网膜下,而不是在玻璃体腔中。
在第二试验中,装置放置抵靠仍然附接至下层组织的部分尸眼视网膜。装置被向下按压直到在施加外环的真空抽出时外环接触视网膜表面。通过施加牵拉以提举组织,装置到视网膜的附接被确认。视网膜被向上提举,创建下方的工作囊。阿尔辛蓝染料被注入囊里,并被看到在视网膜组织下的腔中扩散。完成注射后,真空抽出被施加于微针,且流体/染料从视网膜下囊中被去除。
例3:进入装置的实验室测试。
如例1中的进入装置被测试以证明外环中抓取组织的适当真空度。膜被生产为模拟视网膜组织,包括2%的明胶。膜被干燥,然后在室温下与37%甲醛的饱和蒸汽交联10分钟,以向膜大约提供视网膜组织的厚度和柔顺性。中央鲁尔接头连接至玻璃体切除术控制台(Millennium,博士伦)。通过用氰基丙烯酸酯粘合剂封闭中央微针,然后修剪微针与主杆远端尖部平齐,该装置被制备。膜被置于盘中,以用3%甘油在磷酸盐缓冲液中再水化。真空源被设为50毫米汞柱,使远端尖部与膜接触。当观察到远端正操纵视网膜,显示出外环与组织附接至什么程度时,该装置被小心地撤走。当每一步执行相同的观察时,随后真空逐步增加至550毫米汞柱。随着真空度下降,该装置容易从组织被去除。在低于50毫米汞柱的真空度下看到非常温和的膜抓取,且所有高于50毫米汞柱的真空度显示出粘合度与操纵膜的能力的增加程度。
Claims (53)
1.用于眼部的器械,包括:
第一细长管状构件,其具有近端和远端,以及从所述近端通到所述远端的第一管腔;
第二细长管状构件,其具有近端和远端,位于所述第一管状构件的所述第一管腔内,所述第二管状构件具有从所述第二细长管状构件的所述近端至所述远端穿过的内流路;
环状空间,在所述第一细长管状构件的所述第一管腔内,环状地围绕所述第二细长管状构件;
所述第二细长管状构件的所述远端具有大小和形状适于穿透进入眼组织的尖部;
所述第一细长管状构件的所述远端是开放末端的,并适于置为与眼的组织表面接触,由此在所述环状空间内压力减少时,所述第一细长管状构件的所述远端密封到所述组织表面,以允许所述第二细长管状构件的所述尖部通过所述组织表面穿透,用于在所述组织下形成囊,而不伤害下层组织。
2.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述尖部的形状和大小适于穿透进入感光视网膜的组织。
3.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述第一细长管状构件充分密封到所述组织表面,以机械地稳定组织,用于所述第二细长管状构件的所述远端尖部的穿透,以及通过所述内流路注射流体,以在所述组织下形成囊,而不伤害下层组织。
4.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述第一细长管状构件充分密封到所述组织表面,使得所述第一细长管状构件的撤去引起所述组织从其它下层组织剥离,以形成囊。
5.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述内流路包括第二管腔。
6.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述内流路包括多孔路径。
7.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述环状空间在所述第一细长管状构件中形成与所述内流路分离的外流路。
8.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:大小和形状适于穿透进入眼组织的所述尖部是尖锐的。
9.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:在所述第一细长管状构件中的所述环状空间与通过所述通道引入流体,悬浮液,密封剂,粘合剂,粘性固体或气体,或抽出流体,悬浮液,粘性固体或气体的装置连通。
10.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:在所述第二细长管状构件中的所述内流路与通过所述通道引入流体,悬浮液,粘性固体或气体,或抽出液体,悬浮液,粘性固体或气体的装置连通。
11.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述第二细长管状构件的所述远端延伸超出所述第一细长管状构件的所述开放远端固定距离。
12.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述第二细长管状构件可滑动地位于所述第一细长管状构件内。
13.根据权利要求12所述的器械,其特征在于:所述第二细长管状构件可伸缩地进入所述第一细长管状构件的所述管腔。
14.根据权利要求1所述的器械,还包括:阻挡构件,位于在所述器械的所述远端的所述环状空间中,所述阻挡构件具有足以基本上阻止组织通过所述开放远端进入所述环状空间而不阻止流体流过所述环状空间的配置。
15.根据权利要求14所述的器械,其特征在于:所述阻挡构件包括线圈。
16.根据权利要求14所述的器械,其特征在于:所述阻挡构件包括环。
17.根据权利要求14所述的器械,其特征在于:所述阻挡构件包括穿孔薄片。
18.根据权利要求17所述的器械,其特征在于:在所述薄片上的穿孔具有在约0.0001英寸(0.0025毫米)至约0.005英寸(0.127毫米)范围内的平均直径。
19.根据权利要求11所述的器械,其特征在于:所述第二细长管状构件延伸超出所述第一细长管状构件的所述开放远端约0.0015英寸(0.038毫米)至约0.125英寸(3.175毫米)。
20.根据权利要求9所述的器械,其特征在于:所述第二细长管状构件包括聚合物。
21.根据权利要求20所述的器械,其特征在于:所述聚合物包括聚酰亚胺。
22.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述第一细长管状构件包括金属。
23.根据权利要求22所述的器械,其特征在于:所述金属包括不锈钢。
24.根据权利要求22所述的器械,其特征在于:所述金属包括镍钛合金。
25.根据权利要求9所述的器械,其特征在于:与所述通道连通的所述装置能够以自体血的形式输送密封剂。
26.根据权利要求9所述的器械,其特征在于:与所述通道连通的所述装置能够以纤维蛋白胶的形式输送密封剂。
27.根据权利要求9所述的器械,其特征在于:与所述通道连通的所述装置能够输送生物相容性合成粘合剂。
28.根据权利要求10所述的器械,其特征在于:与所述通道连通的所述装置能够通过所述通道输送液体。
29.根据权利要求10所述的器械,其特征在于:与所述通道连通的所述装置能够通过所述通道输送组织。
30.根据权利要求29所述的器械,其特征在于:所述组织包括细胞移植。
31.根据权利要求29所述的器械,其特征在于:所述组织包括视网膜色素上皮组织。
32.根据权利要求29所述的器械,其特征在于:所述组织包括感光视网膜组织。
33.根据权利要求29所述的器械,其特征在于:所述组织包括干细胞。
34.根据权利要求10所述的器械,其特征在于:与所述通道连通的所述装置能够通过所述通道输送药物制剂。
35.根据权利要求10所述的器械,其特征在于:与所述通道连通的所述装置能够通过所述通道输送生物制剂。
36.根据权利要求35所述的器械,其特征在于:所述生物制剂包括放射性核素。
37.根据权利要求35所述的器械,其特征在于:所述生物制剂包括基因治疗产品。
38.根据权利要求10所述的器械,其特征在于:与所述通道连通的所述装置能够通过所述通道输送气体。
39.根据权利要求10所述的器械,其特征在于:与所述通道连通的所述装置能够通过所述通道抽出液体。
40.根据权利要求10所述的器械,其特征在于:与所述通道连通的所述装置能够通过所述通道抽出气体。
41.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述通道容纳手术仪器或工具。
42.根据权利要求41所述的器械,其特征在于:所述工具包括成像仪器。
43.根据权利要求42所述的器械,其特征在于:所述成像仪器包括内窥镜。
44.根据权利要求41所述的器械,其特征在于:所述仪器包括显微手术仪器。
45.根据权利要求41所述的器械,其特征在于:所述仪器或工具用于从组织或脉管清除血块。
46.根据权利要求41所述的器械,其特征在于:所述仪器包括光纤仪器。
47.根据权利要求46所述的器械,其特征在于:所述光纤仪器是成像仪器。
48.根据权利要求46所述的器械,其特征在于:所述光纤仪器适于在目标部位输送能量。
49.根据权利要求48所述的器械,其特征在于:所述光纤仪器适于输送切除组织或脉管的激光能量。
50.根据权利要求48所述的器械,其特征在于:所述光纤仪器适于输送切除组织或脉管的射频能量。
51.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述第一细长管状构件的尺寸适于穿过巩膜造口术端口。
52.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述尖部的形状和尺寸适于穿透以进入视网膜色素上皮。
53.根据权利要求1所述的器械,其特征在于:所述尖部的形状和尺寸适于穿透以进入视网膜下腔的组织。
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US12/359157 | 2009-01-23 | ||
US12/359,157 US8425473B2 (en) | 2009-01-23 | 2009-01-23 | Subretinal access device |
PCT/US2010/021865 WO2010085693A1 (en) | 2009-01-23 | 2010-01-22 | Subretinal access device |
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CN105592828A (zh) * | 2013-08-02 | 2016-05-18 | 堤乐哈修门医学研究基础建设及服务有限公司 | 用于将组合物递送至眼睛的装置 |
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CN110913809A (zh) * | 2017-06-13 | 2020-03-24 | 英福卡斯公司 | 用于治疗青光眼的系统、方法和装置 |
CN110913809B (zh) * | 2017-06-13 | 2023-10-03 | 英福卡斯公司 | 用于治疗青光眼的系统、方法和装置 |
WO2021012719A1 (zh) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-01-28 | 以诺康医疗科技(苏州)有限公司 | 超声抽吸注液一体化器械 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI1007180A2 (pt) | 2019-04-02 |
US8425473B2 (en) | 2013-04-23 |
KR20110126120A (ko) | 2011-11-22 |
AU2010206607A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
JP2012515627A (ja) | 2012-07-12 |
WO2010085693A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
EP2389146A1 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
CA2750545A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
US20100191176A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
NO20111148A1 (no) | 2011-10-21 |
EP2389146A4 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
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