CN102356724B - High-altitude layering propagation method for sympodial bamboo - Google Patents
High-altitude layering propagation method for sympodial bamboo Download PDFInfo
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- CN102356724B CN102356724B CN 201110231844 CN201110231844A CN102356724B CN 102356724 B CN102356724 B CN 102356724B CN 201110231844 CN201110231844 CN 201110231844 CN 201110231844 A CN201110231844 A CN 201110231844A CN 102356724 B CN102356724 B CN 102356724B
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209128 Bambusa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 16
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000526960 Amaranthus acanthochiton Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000271437 Bambusa arundinacea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015874 Sinocalamus latiflorus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000092524 Sinocalamus latiflorus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation and relates to a high-altitude layering propagation method for sympodial bamboo. The method comprises the following steps of: breaking shoots of main culms, main branches and secondary branches, keeping main culms or secondary branches which are 1-3 meters in height on the middle lower part, cutting growing bamboo branches which are 1-2 centimeters away from the main culms, main branches or secondary branches, and keeping bamboo bases; and covering every culm ring of the main culms, main branches or secondary branches with a plastic bottom-free barrel bag, tightening the lower side of each barrel bag, filling a root inducing substrate which comprises a culm bud and a branch bud, tightening the upper side of each barrel bag to form a cylindrical container, and keeping the root inducing substrate in each barrel bag wet. Due to the adoption of the method provided by the invention, the problems of low survival rate of bare-rooted bamboo seedlings, high cost and severely insufficient bamboo seedling supply during the development of the bamboo industry are solved; and moreover, the method is easy to operate, materials are readily available, the cost is low, and large-scale popularization and application to production are facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plant propagation field, relate to the propagation method of a kind of bamboo that grows thickly, particularly the overhead layering propagation method of a kind of bamboo that grows thickly.
Background technology
Bamboo is of many uses, has important ecological benefits and very high economic worth.Bamboo industry exploitation is one of new industry of tool potentiality in China's forestry development.The bamboo that grows thickly is compared with scattered bamboo, and general growth is faster, and output is higher, is fit to afforestation in flakes.Propagation method at present commonly used mainly contains the branch root and stem of certain plants, buries stalk, buries joint, bamboo branch cuttage etc., and breeding efficiency is low, the cost height; That cultivates is bareroot seedling wood, and survival rate is low, particularly through long-distance transport, naked under the situation of long-time arid, survival rate is lower.Often cause afforestation to lose woods, not only increased cost of forestation, and postponed the time of growing into forest.
The minority place also uses the container method to cultivate the bamboo container seedling, but cost height, transportation are inconvenient, cause cost of forestation very high, and afforestation speed is slow, is difficult to adapt to produce needs, very influences and promotes the use of.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides the overhead layering propagation method of a kind of bamboo that grows thickly.
The overhead layering propagation method of the bamboo that grows thickly provided by the invention comprises the steps:
1) with mother culm and major branch, the disconnected tip of secondary branch, keeping height is middle and lower part mother culm, major branch or the secondary branch of 1～3m, cuts off from mother culm, major branch or secondary branch 1-2cm and takes out living bamboo branch, the reservation bamboo root and stem of certain plants;
2) plastics on each stalk ring set of mother culm or major branch, secondary branch are not had end tube bag, tube bag below is tightened, insert and lure foundation matter, make matrix encase stalk bud and twig, again the formation hydrostatic column will be tightened in tube bag top, and keep luring the moistening of foundation matter in the tube bag.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, also can in the tube bag, water root-growing agent to the blade spraying root-growing agent behind the 3-4 sheet leaf of bamboo of emerging.
In one embodiment of the invention, also be included in before tube bag top tightens, inserting 1-2 root diameter between mother culm and plastic barrel bag is bamboo branch or the branch of 1-2cm, punches the increase gas permeability after perhaps tightening above the tube bag below container.
Wherein, upper and lower opening plastic barrel bag all can be used for the present invention, and it is 1.0～2.5 that preferred plastics do not have end tube bag thickness, and diameter is greater than mother culm diameter 4-6cm, and length is 20～30cm.
Wherein, the described foundation matter that lures comprises that volume ratio is 80～90% light matrix and 10～20% plantation clay, preferred light matrix is selected from one or more in peat soil, natural pond slag, excrement slag, the vinasse that become thoroughly decomposed, bacterium chaff slag, sawdust, the slag sludge, during use, it is even that to be composite fertilizer's aqueous solution of 1～2% with concentration mix wet mixing with the light matrix of formula rate and plantation clay.
Among the present invention, described root-growing agent is to contain the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.1～0.3wt% and the aqueous solution of 0.03～0.06wt% methyl, more preferably contains the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2wt% and the aqueous solution of 0.05wt% methyl.
Among the present invention, the bamboo seedling of utilizing high-pressure rooting under adopt when setting under the saw stalk method and set: below plastic sack that the bamboo stalk is sawed-off with saw.
Can realize spring, summer and the breeding of three seasons of autumn with propagation method of the present invention., can adopt and give birth to tender bamboo of 2 monthly ages then in breeding season at Xia Qiu, thereby accelerate reproduction coefficient.
The seedling root that middle and lower part stalk bud by high pressure mother culm of the present invention or major branch, secondary branch and the method that twig is grown seedlings obtain all is with soil, and the bamboo shoot survival percent is low, cost is high, the problem of bamboo seedling supply wretched insufficiency to have solved in the bamboo industry development naked preferably.The high-pressure bottle of the invention be simple and easy to, cost is extremely low, very is beneficial to applying in the production on a large scale.
Propagation method of the present invention has prolonged the season of growing seedlings: original technology is grown seedlings and is lacked season, generally in March～April; This method can be carried out breeding and seedling in February～October; Improved reproduction coefficient: stay root and stem of certain plants method high more than 3 times than producing plant division upward commonly used now, be conducive to good bamboo kind promote fast; Reduce cost and grow seedlings: stay root and stem of certain plants method cost lower than producing plant division upward commonly used; Seedling quality improves: the full root band of bamboo seedling soil, the lignification that this method is produced be good, bud is all arranged.The no bamboo shoot bud that plant division is stayed naked of the bamboo seedling that root and stem of certain plants method produces, the not lignification that has, had; Anti-long-distance transport, long period storage: the nursery stock that original technology is cultivated is naked, the seedling root death of long-distance transport back, and transplanting survival rate is low; The full root band of the nursery stock soil that present technique is cultivated sets under the nursery stock that transplanting survival rate still reaches 80%～90% after 7～10 days.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the bamboo mother culm overhead layering breeding of growing thickly.
Fig. 2 is the bamboo major branch overhead layering breeding of growing thickly.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Grow thickly bamboo mother culm overhead layering in spring breeding of embodiment 1
1) grows seedlings season: be chosen in annual 2-4 month the season of growing seedlings;
2) select female bamboo: select for use 1-3 to give birth to female bamboo of healthy no damage by disease and insect;
3) select the material position: select the mother culm lower middle portion for use;
4) material processed: the disconnected tip of mother culm to rudiment is branched out, keep the mother culm lower middle portion, 2 meters of height are cut off the bamboo branch from mother culm 1cm, keep the bamboo pocket; The disconnected tip of mother culm to rudiment is not branched out keeps the mother culm lower middle portion, height 2m;
5) high pressure method: select for use the plastics that adapt with the mother culm diameter not have end tube bag (1.5 of thickness, diameter is greater than mother culm diameter 6cm, length 30cm), from the downward bagging in mother culm top, from mother culm the stalk ring of below begin to make container, the bottom of not having end tube bag in the below of stalk ring with the rope tighten, make the tube bag form a container, in the tube bag, fill up and lure foundation matter (volume ratio is 40% peat soil, 20% natural pond slag, 20% excrement slag, 20% plantation clay, be that composite fertilizer's aqueous solution of 1% is mixed thoroughly wet with concentration), make matrix encase stalk bud and twig, form cylindrical, the bamboo branch that adds 2 diameter 1cm between mother culm and plastic barrel bag binds tube bag top with rope at last and seals, and all beats slip-knot during the bundle rope.Method is from mother culm stalk ring bottom bagging (see figure 1) upwards successively like this.
6) high pressure seedling management: keep luring foundation matter moistening in the bag, timely moisturizing during arid, 3-4 sheet leaf of bamboo rear blade sprays or does not spray root-growing agent emerging, carry out after one week watering in the sleeve or not watering aforesaid root-growing agent, described root-growing agent is to contain the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2wt% and the aqueous solution of 0.05wt% methyl.
With the sinocalamus latiflorus of said method breeding, sweet imperial bamboo, huge bamboo, big wooden bamboo, Folium Bambusae beecheyanae, flower hang spring, Mianzhu, support green bamboo No. 3, support green bamboo No. 8, greenstripe common bamboo, big buddha bamboo, transplant under after emerging 3 months, just can separating.Root-growing agent is handled or all can be reached rooting rate 70% or more without the bamboo that grows thickly that root-growing agent is handled, and wherein the rooting rate with the bamboo that grows thickly of pouring root-growing agent processing in blade spraying root-growing agent and the sleeve is the highest, on average reaches 85%.Under this processing, the rooting rate of sinocalamus latiflorus, sweet imperial bamboo, greenstripe common bamboo is the highest, is respectively 87%, 86%, 87%.Seedling replanting survival rate after the separation all reaches more than 90%.Foliage-spray neither, the bamboo rooting rate of growing thickly that does not also water root-growing agent is minimum.
Find that through statistics the rooting rate of the bamboo kind of February, March and breeding in April does not have significant difference, the average rooting rate in March and April be 76% and 78%, and the February is 72% a little more than February.
The bamboo seedling of utilizing high-pressure rooting under adopt when setting under the saw stalk method and set: below plastic sack that the bamboo stalk is sawed-off with saw.The advantage of saw stalk method: do not hinder root system, film, moisture retention is good; The bamboo stalk that keeps can be poured water after transplanting and be preserved moisture, and improves transplanting survival rate.Be suitable for overlapping the stalk method and a cover branch method is grown seedlings.The bamboo seedling band mass of soil that the present invention cultivates still can reach 80～90% through transplanting survival rate again even therefore separate after 7～10 days.And reproduction coefficient is big, and a general mother culm can be bred into 3～5 band offspring, and the breeding cycle is short, has satisfied the afforestation demand of the bamboo that grows thickly.
Grow thickly bamboo overhead layering summer and autumn breeding of embodiment 2
Substantially with embodiment 1, difference is as follows:
1) grows seedlings season: be chosen in annual May the season of growing seedlings to October;
2) select female bamboo: select for use then and to give birth to tender bamboo-2 and year give birth to healthy female bamboo, wherein give birth to then tender bamboo select lignification for use tender bamboo of 2 monthly ages;
3) pouring root-growing agent in blade spraying and the sleeve, described root-growing agent is the aqueous solution that contains 0.3wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.03wt% methyl.
With the bamboo seedling of said method breeding, to take root after 1 month-2 months at the Zhan Ye of branching out, back 1 month root system semi-lignified of taking root just can separate down and transplant.The rooting rate of different bamboo kinds all can reach more than 80%, and transplanting survival rate reaches more than 90%.The August-the early October transplanting, can grow new root system then.Rooting rate between different months is there was no significant difference also, and with May, 8～October is preferable.
Embodiment 3 bamboo major branch, secondary branch overhead layering in summer in the spring breeding of growing thickly
Referring to Fig. 2, with embodiment 1, difference is as follows substantially:
1) select sturdy major branch or the secondary branch of female bamboo to carry out overhead layering;
2) root-growing agent is the aqueous solution that contains 0.1wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.06wt% methyl.
With the bamboo that grows thickly (the bamboo kind is with embodiment 1) of said method breeding, the rooting rate of major branch or secondary branch overhead layering all can reach more than 80%, the rooting rate of a little higher than secondary branch of rooting rate of major branch, and both all reach more than 90% the seedling replanting survival rate of breeding.
1 fen root and stem of certain plants grafting of test example is bred the bamboo that grows thickly
Branch root and stem of certain plants grafting according to this area routine is bred the bamboo that grows thickly.The result shows, transplants sweet imperial bamboo, Mianzhu, cizu, and survival rate only is respectively 19.6%, 22.4% and 17.8%.And according to the method for embodiment 1, the transplanting survival rate of these three kinds of bamboo kind high pressure breeding seedlings all reaches more than 90% and (is respectively 92.1%, 95.3% and 92.5%).As can be seen, method of the present invention significantly is better than branch root and stem of certain plants grafting.In addition, method of the present invention can realize the high pressure breeding of mother culm and major branch, secondary branch, so reproduction coefficient will be higher than branch root and stem of certain plants grafting far away.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the overhead layering propagation method of the bamboo that grows thickly comprises the steps:
1) with the disconnected tip of mother culm, major branch and secondary branch, keeping height is 1
-Middle and lower part mother culm, major branch or the secondary branch of 3m cut off and take out living bamboo branch from mother culm or major branch, secondary branch 1-2cm, keep the bamboo root and stem of certain plants;
2) plastics on each stalk ring set of mother culm or major branch, secondary branch there is not end tube bag, tube bag below is tightened, insert and lure foundation matter, make matrix encase stalk bud and twig, again will the tube bag top tighten the formation hydrostatic column, and keep luring the moistening of foundation matter in the tube bag; The described foundation matter that lures is the peat soil of volume ratio 40%, 20% natural pond slag, 20% excrement slag, 20% plantation clay, is that composite fertilizer's aqueous solution of 1% is mixed thoroughly wet with concentration; Emerge behind the 3-4 sheet leaf of bamboo to the blade spraying root-growing agent pouring root-growing agent in the tube bag; Described root-growing agent is for containing 0.1
-The potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3wt% and 0.03
-The aqueous solution of 0.06wt% methyl;
Before tightening above the tube bag, inserting 1-2 root diameter between mother culm, major branch or secondary branch and plastic barrel bag is bamboo branch or the branch of 1-2cm, punches below container after perhaps tightening above the tube bag, increases gas permeability.
2. according to each described propagation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that female bamboo of selecting for use was 2 monthly ages
-4 years breeder mother bamboos.
3. according to each described propagation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that it is 1.0 that described plastics do not have end tube bag thickness
-2.5 silk, diameter is greater than mother culm diameter 4
-6cm, length is 20
-30cm.
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| CN102356724B true CN102356724B (en) | 2013-08-21 |
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| CN109169008A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-11 | 常宁百茂佳果农业开发有限公司 | Cluster Bamboo simple reproduction method |
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