CN1023563C - 热稳定的共聚物组合物 - Google Patents

热稳定的共聚物组合物 Download PDF

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CN1023563C
CN1023563C CN88102292A CN88102292A CN1023563C CN 1023563 C CN1023563 C CN 1023563C CN 88102292 A CN88102292 A CN 88102292A CN 88102292 A CN88102292 A CN 88102292A CN 1023563 C CN1023563 C CN 1023563C
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安德莱·施密特
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/26—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08K5/1345—Carboxylic esters of phenolcarboxylic acids
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L73/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing oxygen or oxygen and carbon in the main chain, not provided for in groups C08L59/00 - C08L71/00; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers

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Abstract

一种热稳定的组合物，该组合物包含一氧化碳和烯属不饱和化合物的交替共聚物和用量为共聚物重量的0.03～5.0%的添加剂，该添加剂可选自酚二羧酸酯和酚二羧基酰胺，酚二羧基酰胺还可与酚亚磷酸盐一起使用。

Description

本发明涉及含有某些添加剂的共聚物组合物。该共聚物的特点在于具有交替结构[A-CO]n，其中A是一种由烯属不饱和化合物衍生的单元。“共聚物”这个术语包括含有不同单元A的三元共聚物。乙烯、一氧化碳和丙烯或丁烯的共聚物是适用的三元共聚物的一例。
有关的交替共聚物和它们的配制方法的本身是已知的，可参看US-A3694，412，EP-A121，965和EP-A181，014。尽管这些共聚物具有引人注目的物理和机械性能（例如屈服应力，拉伸强度，冲击强度和弯曲模量），但它们的加工稳定性和长期稳定性或使用稳定性均有待于改进。
申请人发现，用于聚酰胺、聚烯烃、聚丙烯酸酯、聚苯乙烯和各种其它的热塑性塑料商品和热塑性工程塑料的许多良好的使用效果的大量的工业稳定剂并不能使乙烯/一氧化碳交替共聚物获得足够的热稳定性。业已发现有几组严格定义的添加剂可达到按人们的需要改善稳定性的效果，这一点是出乎人们意料的。
本发明提供的稳定的共聚物组合物包含一种一氧化碳和烯属不饱和化合物的交替共聚物及0.03%～5.0%（重量）的添加剂。其中的添加剂选自：
a）具有如下通式的酚二羧酸酯
Figure 881022926_IMG4
式中：x是0～4，最好是2
y是2～6，最好是2或3
n是2～8，最好是3
R1是氢或有1～6个碳原子的烷基
R2是有1～6个碳原子的烷基。
b）具有如下通式的酚二羧基酰胺
Figure 881022926_IMG5
式中：p是0～6，最好是2
q是0～12，最好是0或6
R3是氢或有1～6个碳原子的烷基
R4是有1～6个碳原子的烷基，
它还可与下面的添加剂C一起使用
c）具有如下通式的酚亚磷酸盐
Figure 881022926_IMG6
式中：R5是有1～6个碳原子的烷基和
R6是氢或有1～6个碳原子的烷基。
合适的酚二羧酸酯有：
二甘醇双（2-[3，5-二乙基-4-羟苯基]乙酸酯）;
二甘醇双（5-[3-异丁基-4-羟苯基]戊酸酯）;
三甘醇双（3-[3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酸酯）;
八甘醇双（2-[3，5-二叔戊基-4-羟苯基]乙酸酯）;
一缩二丙二醇双（3-[3，5-二仲丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酸酯）;
二缩三丙二醇双（3-[3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酸酯）;
三缩四丙二醇双（3-仲戊基-4-羟基苯甲酸酯）;
二缩三丁二醇双（3-乙基-5-叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸酯）;
一缩二戊二醇双（2-[3-异丙基-5-叔戊基-4-羟苯基]乙酸酯）;
一缩二己二醇双（4-[3-环己基-4-羟苯基]丁酸酯）;
等等。采用式中R2是烷基的添加剂较好，固为它可以导致位阻，例如异丙基，叔丁基或叔戊基。采用式中每个R1和R2均是能导致位阻的烷基的添加剂更好。最佳的酚二羧酸酯是三甘醇双（3-[3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酸酯）和二缩三丙二醇双（3-[3，5-二-叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酸酯）。
合适的酚二羧基酰胺是：
N，N′-双（3-[3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酰基）肼;
N，N′-双（2-[3-甲基-5-叔丁基-4-羟苯基]乙酰基）肼;
N，N′-双（3，5-二异丙基-4-羟基苯甲酰基）肼;
1，1-双（3-[3，5-二异丙基-4-羟苯基]丙酰胺基）甲烷;
1，3-双（4-[3-｛1-甲基-环戊基｝-4-羟苯基]丁酰胺基）丙烷;
1，5-双（5-[3-异丁基-4-羟苯基戊酰胺基）戊烷;
1，6-双（3-仲戊基-4-羟基苯甲酰胺基）己烷;
1，6-双（3-[3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酰胺基）己烷;
1，8-双（6-[3-乙基-5-叔丁基-4-羟苯基]己酰胺基）辛烷;
1，12-双（2-[3，5-二乙基-4-羟苯基]乙酰胺基）十二烷;等等。
采用式中R4是能导致位阻的烷基的添加剂较好，例如异丙基，叔丁基或 叔戊基。用式中每个R3和R4均是能导致位阻的烷基的添加剂更好，最佳的酚二羧基酰胺是N，N′-双（3-[3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酰基）肼和1，6-双（3-[3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酰胺基）己烷。
合适的酚亚磷酸盐是：
三（2-叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸盐;
三（2-叔戊基苯基）亚磷酸盐;
三（2，4-二乙基苯基）亚磷酸盐;
三（2-叔戊基-4-叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸盐;
三（2，4-二异丙基苯基）亚磷酸盐;
三（2-异丙基-4-叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸盐;
三（4-叔丁基-2-异丙基苯基）亚磷酸盐;
三（2-[1-甲基-环戊基]苯基）亚磷酸盐;
三（2-甲基-4-叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸盐;
三（2，4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸盐;等等。采用式中R6是能导致位阻的烷基的添加剂较好，例如异丙基或叔戊基。用式中每个R5和R6均为能导致位阻的烷基的添加剂更好，最佳的酚亚磷酸盐是三（2-叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸盐。
当选用式中q是5～7的酚二羧基酰胺时，使其与酚亚磷酸盐混合使用是有利的，酚二羧基酰胺和酚亚磷酸盐最好以差不多相等的重量比进行混合，即每1pbw（重量份）的酚二羧基酰胺与0.8～1.2pbw的酚亚磷盐混合。
添加剂可以采用适合于产生共聚物和添加剂的紧密混合物但并不会使共聚物或添加剂不适当地降解的常规方法加到共聚物中。这种方法包括将细碎的共聚物和添加剂进行干捏和，然后进行热压、共聚物和添加剂的复合挤压，从而得到一种稳定的组合物的挤出物，或者用混合器或高剪切力的捏和机使共聚物与添加剂紧密混合。
在下面公开的实施例中阐述了本发明的最佳工作方式。
较好的共聚物是那些分子是至少为2000的共聚物，分子量至少为6000的则更佳。
本发明的改进的组合物可以加工成这样的一些制品，例如：纤维、板材、薄膜、层压制件、容器、管材、管道，以及用惯用的加工工艺（例如熔体纺织、挤压、复合挤压、吹塑、压塑、注塑和固相压力成形等）加工而成的复杂形状制品。本发明对于熔体纺丝、挤压和复合挤压的加工工艺来说尤为重要。此外，本发明对所有那些需要制品有足够的长时期稳定性的应用来说是尤为重要的。
实施例
用下列添加剂进行它们的热稳定性试验：
1）三甘醇双（3-[3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酸酯）;
2）N，N′-双（3-[3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酰基）肼;
3）1，6-双（3-[3，5-二-叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酰胺基）己烷;
4）三（2，4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸盐;
5）＊十八烷基三（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基）丙酸酯;
6）＊季戊四醇基四（3-[3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基]丙酸酯;
试样的制取方法是用具有具体结构的、结晶的、熔点为218℃、特性粘度为1.6dl/g（在60℃的间甲酚中测得）的乙烯/丙烯/-氧化碳三元共聚物在250℃下模压板材，然后从板材上切取长度为30毫米、宽度为3毫米的试样。
试样在充氧的烘箱里在下表标出的不同温度下进行老化试验。所有的试样均用于弯成180°并记录裂纹的出现作为脆度（破坏）。在烘箱里的加热时间是达到破坏的所需的时间。
添加剂1、2和6的用量为0.5%（重量），添加剂5的用量为0.3% （重量），而添加剂3和4混合使用，每种组分的用量为共聚物重量的0.25%。
表
添加剂    破坏时间（小时）
加热温度
135℃    115℃    105℃
1    65    240    390
2    70    260    ＞500
3、4    170    170    390
5＊    17    90    210
6＊    12    70    240
＊对比用
表中示出的添加剂5和6是用于聚乙烯，聚丙烯和聚酰胺的最好质量的工作单一热稳定剂，它们完全没有显示出引入注目的性能，由于本发明所用的有关的乙烯/-氧化碳共聚物的降解机理和共聚物中添加剂的物理-化学行为还是未知的，因此没有任何方法可用来预测本发明的添加剂所能得到的有利结果。
用许多其他用于热塑性塑料的工业热稳定剂进行试验时，其结果最好 的也只是与上表中的对比添加剂相似，大多数结果都次于上表中的对比添加剂。

Claims (9)

1、一种稳定的组合物，该组合物包含一氧化碳和烯属不饱和化合物的交替共聚物和用量为共聚物的重量的0.03-5.0%的添加剂，该添加剂选自：
a)具有如下通式的酚二羟酸酯
Figure 881022926_IMG1
式中：x是0-4
      y是2-6
      n是2-8
R1是氢或有1-6个碳原子的烷基
R1是有1-6个碳原子的烷基。
b)具有如下通式的酚二羧基酰胺
Figure 881022926_IMG2
式中：p是0-6
      q是0-12
R3是氢或有1-6个碳原子的烷基
R4是有1-6个碳原子的烷基，
它还可与下面的添加剂(C)一起使用，
c)具有如下通式的酚亚磷酸盐
式中
R5是有1-6个碳原子的烷基和
R6是氢或有1-6个碳原子的烷基。
2、权利要求1的组合物，其中X是2。
3、权利要求1或2的组合物，其中Y是2或3。
4、权利要求1或2的组合物，其中n是3。
5、权利要求1或2的组合物，其中p是2。
6、权利要求1或2的组合物，其中q是6或0。
7、权利要求1或2的组合物，其中R2，R4和R5是能导致位阻的烷基。
8、权利要求1或2的组合物，其中R1，R2和R6是能导致位阻的烷基。
9、权利要求1或2的组合物，该组合物包含1pbw选自b）的酚二羧基酰胺和0.8-1.2pbw选自c）的酚亚磷酸盐的混合物，其中q的值是5-7。
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AU1518988A (en) 1988-11-03
NO881833D0 (no) 1988-04-27
IL86188A0 (en) 1988-11-15
DE3882077T2 (de) 1993-11-18
GB8710171D0 (en) 1987-06-03
ATE91139T1 (de) 1993-07-15
FI95721C (fi) 1996-03-11
IL86188A (en) 1991-09-16
NO881833L (no) 1988-10-31
ES2056898T3 (es) 1994-10-16
NO170765B (no) 1992-08-24
CA1318071C (en) 1993-05-18
KR880012696A (ko) 1988-11-28
CN88102292A (zh) 1988-11-09
US4960808A (en) 1990-10-02
AR243214A1 (es) 1993-07-30
BR8802017A (pt) 1988-11-29
EP0289077A2 (en) 1988-11-02
FI95721B (fi) 1995-11-30
NZ224388A (en) 1989-11-28
KR960005626B1 (ko) 1996-04-30
EP0289077A3 (en) 1990-02-07
FI881971A (fi) 1988-10-30
NO170765C (no) 1992-12-02
DE3882077D1 (de) 1993-08-05
EP0289077B1 (en) 1993-06-30
FI881971A0 (fi) 1988-04-27
IE881257L (en) 1988-10-29
ZA882986B (en) 1988-10-31
IE62689B1 (en) 1995-02-22
AU598662B2 (en) 1990-06-28
DK230588A (da) 1988-10-30
JP2587448B2 (ja) 1997-03-05
DK230588D0 (da) 1988-04-27
JPS63284261A (ja) 1988-11-21

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