CN102333538A - 免疫刺激性寡核苷酸 - Google Patents
免疫刺激性寡核苷酸 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102333538A CN102333538A CN2009801496073A CN200980149607A CN102333538A CN 102333538 A CN102333538 A CN 102333538A CN 2009801496073 A CN2009801496073 A CN 2009801496073A CN 200980149607 A CN200980149607 A CN 200980149607A CN 102333538 A CN102333538 A CN 102333538A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- antigen
- virus
- cpg
- vaccine
- cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 108091034117 Oligonucleotide Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 230000003308 immunostimulating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] hydrogen phosphate Polymers Cc1cn(C2CC(OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)C(COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3CO)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 243
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 243
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 243
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000028993 immune response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims description 88
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- -1 NY-ESO Proteins 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 108010060818 Toll-Like Receptor 9 Proteins 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000725643 Respiratory syncytial virus Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002158 endotoxin Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000713772 Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Species 0.000 claims description 12
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920006008 lipopolysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012737 microarray-based gene expression Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012243 multiplex automated genomic engineering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 11
- 241001597008 Nomeidae Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000194017 Streptococcus Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- 101710132601 Capsid protein Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000016607 Diphtheria Toxin Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010053187 Diphtheria Toxin Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000606749 Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000700588 Human alphaherpesvirus 1 Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000701074 Human alphaherpesvirus 2 Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000605862 Porphyromonas gingivalis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000194019 Streptococcus mutans Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000194023 Streptococcus sanguinis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CZVCGJBESNRLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7h-purine;pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1.C1=NC=C2NC=NC2=N1 CZVCGJBESNRLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010040721 Flagellin Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000713340 Human immunodeficiency virus 2 Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000028169 periodontal disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000031886 HIV Infections Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 101001012157 Homo sapiens Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000713887 Human endogenous retrovirus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 102100030086 Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000004792 malaria Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003097 mucus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000013455 Amyloid beta-Peptides Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010090849 Amyloid beta-Peptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001534160 Escherichia virus Qbeta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000052116 epidermal growth factor receptor activity proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108700015053 epidermal growth factor receptor activity proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000002672 hepatitis B Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004531 microgranule Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YOHYSYJDKVYCJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-[[6-[3-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]pyrimidin-4-yl]amino]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(NC=2N=CN=C(NC=3C=C(NC(=O)C4CC4)C=CC=3)C=2)=C1 YOHYSYJDKVYCJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013603 viral vector Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000186044 Actinomyces viscosus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000193987 Streptococcus sobrinus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940124615 TLR 7 agonist Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229940124614 TLR 8 agonist Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 102000008235 Toll-Like Receptor 9 Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000001744 T-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 131
- 230000000890 antigenic effect Effects 0.000 description 120
- CTMZLDSMFCVUNX-VMIOUTBZSA-N cytidylyl-(3'->5')-guanosine Chemical class O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O2)N2C3=C(C(N=C(N)N3)=O)N=C2)O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CTMZLDSMFCVUNX-VMIOUTBZSA-N 0.000 description 85
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 84
- 102100040247 Tumor necrosis factor Human genes 0.000 description 77
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 77
- 229940046168 CpG oligodeoxynucleotide Drugs 0.000 description 75
- MZOFCQQQCNRIBI-VMXHOPILSA-N (3s)-4-[[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-1-[[(1s)-1-carboxy-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-[[2-[[(2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN MZOFCQQQCNRIBI-VMXHOPILSA-N 0.000 description 74
- 108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 description 74
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 description 73
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 description 73
- 108010074328 Interferon-gamma Proteins 0.000 description 70
- 102100037850 Interferon gamma Human genes 0.000 description 69
- 108010058846 Ovalbumin Proteins 0.000 description 64
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 64
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 64
- 229940092253 ovalbumin Drugs 0.000 description 64
- 102100036011 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 Human genes 0.000 description 63
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 62
- 108010002350 Interleukin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 57
- 102000000588 Interleukin-2 Human genes 0.000 description 57
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 54
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 53
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 45
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 42
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 41
- OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytosine Chemical compound NC=1C=CNC(=O)N=1 OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 34
- QUWFSKKBMDKAHK-SBOJBMMISA-A chembl2103793 Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP([O-])(=S)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)CO)[C@@H](O)C1 QUWFSKKBMDKAHK-SBOJBMMISA-A 0.000 description 34
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 34
- 229940046166 oligodeoxynucleotide Drugs 0.000 description 34
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 34
- 210000001151 cytotoxic T lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 29
- UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanine Chemical compound O=C1NC(N)=NC2=C1N=CN2 UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- HUDNATUNNCLMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N odn 2137 Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1C1OC(COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(O)=O)C(O)C1 HUDNATUNNCLMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 24
- 229940104302 cytosine Drugs 0.000 description 24
- 238000000684 flow cytometry Methods 0.000 description 22
- 210000004988 splenocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- 238000011725 BALB/c mouse Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000007927 intramuscular injection Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 description 18
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 229940124884 Engerix-B Drugs 0.000 description 17
- 238000010255 intramuscular injection Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 17
- PLXMOAALOJOTIY-FPTXNFDTSA-N Aesculin Natural products OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1Oc2cc3C=CC(=O)Oc3cc2O PLXMOAALOJOTIY-FPTXNFDTSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000002965 ELISA Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 16
- 150000003833 nucleoside derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 15
- 102100033117 Toll-like receptor 9 Human genes 0.000 description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Purine Natural products N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000005867 T cell response Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 11
- QMDCLAZNUPXSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N odn 10103 Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1C1OC(COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(N=C(N)C=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(O)=O)C(O)C1 QMDCLAZNUPXSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 241001430294 unidentified retrovirus Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 9
- ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uracil Chemical compound O=C1C=CNC(=O)N1 ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 241000251539 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Species 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FDGQSTZJBFJUBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypoxanthine Chemical compound O=C1NC=NC2=C1NC=N2 FDGQSTZJBFJUBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003053 immunization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002649 immunization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 7
- 210000003819 peripheral blood mononuclear cell Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 7
- 108091032973 (ribonucleotides)n+m Proteins 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000709661 Enterovirus Species 0.000 description 6
- 229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 description 6
- NYHBQMYGNKIUIF-UUOKFMHZSA-N Guanosine Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(=O)NC(N)=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O NYHBQMYGNKIUIF-UUOKFMHZSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241001631646 Papillomaviridae Species 0.000 description 6
- 241001505332 Polyomavirus sp. Species 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012228 culture supernatant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N levoglucosan Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2CO[C@@H]1O2 TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000004940 nucleus Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 239000003104 tissue culture media Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940035893 uracil Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000002255 vaccination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229930024421 Adenine Natural products 0.000 description 5
- GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adenine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 5
- 101710116435 Outer membrane protein Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000012980 RPMI-1640 medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 208000001203 Smallpox Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960000643 adenine Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-TXICZTDVSA-N beta-D-ribose Chemical group OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-TXICZTDVSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 5
- 206010014599 encephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000012678 infectious agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015788 innate immune response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940124931 vaccine adjuvant Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000012646 vaccine adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYVNIFSIEDRLSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(hydroxymethyl)cytosine Chemical class NC=1NC(=O)N=CC=1CO RYVNIFSIEDRLSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LRSASMSXMSNRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methylcytosine Chemical compound CC1=CNC(=O)N=C1N LRSASMSXMSNRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000711573 Coronaviridae Species 0.000 description 4
- 102100031780 Endonuclease Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010042407 Endonucleases Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 4
- 101000914324 Homo sapiens Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- UGQMRVRMYYASKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hypoxanthine nucleoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(CO)OC1N1C(NC=NC2=O)=C2N=C1 UGQMRVRMYYASKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000186359 Mycobacterium Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000713112 Orthobunyavirus Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000702670 Rotavirus Species 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-XLPZGREQSA-N Thymidine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C1 IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-XLPZGREQSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000033289 adaptive immune response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000023555 blood coagulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000005482 chemotactic factor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000003018 immunoassay Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000037797 influenza A Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000712461 unidentified influenza virus Species 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWBWWFOAEOYUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminopurine Chemical compound NC1=NC=C2N=CNC2=N1 MWBWWFOAEOYUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ASJSAQIRZKANQN-CRCLSJGQSA-N 2-deoxy-D-ribose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CC=O ASJSAQIRZKANQN-CRCLSJGQSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TVICROIWXBFQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(ethylamino)-1h-pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound CCNC1=CC=NC(=O)N1 TVICROIWXBFQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000701242 Adenoviridae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000712892 Arenaviridae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000701802 Aviadenovirus Species 0.000 description 3
- 102100025248 C-X-C motif chemokine 10 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101710098275 C-X-C motif chemokine 10 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100039510 Cancer/testis antigen 2 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 241000193468 Clostridium perfringens Species 0.000 description 3
- MIKUYHXYGGJMLM-GIMIYPNGSA-N Crotonoside Natural products C1=NC2=C(N)NC(=O)N=C2N1[C@H]1O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O MIKUYHXYGGJMLM-GIMIYPNGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000701022 Cytomegalovirus Species 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NYHBQMYGNKIUIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-guanosine Natural products C1=2NC(N)=NC(=O)C=2N=CN1C1OC(CO)C(O)C1O NYHBQMYGNKIUIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000450599 DNA viruses Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000725619 Dengue virus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000712471 Dhori virus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001115402 Ebolavirus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000991587 Enterovirus C Species 0.000 description 3
- 108060002716 Exonuclease Proteins 0.000 description 3
- HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heparin Chemical compound OC1C(NC(=O)C)C(O)OC(COS(O)(=O)=O)C1OC1C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(O3)C(O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)C(CO)O2)NS(O)(=O)=O)C(C(O)=O)O1 HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000700721 Hepatitis B virus Species 0.000 description 3
- 101000889345 Homo sapiens Cancer/testis antigen 2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101000611183 Homo sapiens Tumor necrosis factor Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004889 Interleukin-6 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090001005 Interleukin-6 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000712079 Measles morbillivirus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000712464 Orthomyxoviridae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000711504 Paramyxoviridae Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000002606 Paramyxoviridae Infections Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000701945 Parvoviridae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000606860 Pasteurella Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000224016 Plasmodium Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000276498 Pollachius virens Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000700625 Poxviridae Species 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000702247 Reoviridae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000711931 Rhabdoviridae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000710799 Rubella virus Species 0.000 description 3
- 108050000761 Serpin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000008847 Serpin Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 241000710924 Togaviridae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000710772 Yellow fever virus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 3
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108700010877 adenoviridae proteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003719 b-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 3
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012636 effector Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 102000013165 exonuclease Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XRECTZIEBJDKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N flucytosine Chemical compound NC1=NC(=O)NC=C1F XRECTZIEBJDKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940029575 guanosine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960002897 heparin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920000669 heparin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008348 humoral response Effects 0.000 description 3
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004698 lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 150000003212 purines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003001 serine protease inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002303 tibia Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000701161 unidentified adenovirus Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940051021 yellow-fever virus Drugs 0.000 description 3
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006736 (C6-C20) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-SHYZEUOFSA-N 2'‐deoxycytidine Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C1 CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-SHYZEUOFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NHBKXEKEPDILRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(butanoylsulfanyl)propyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC(SC(=O)CCC)CSC(=O)CCC NHBKXEKEPDILRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XQCZBXHVTFVIFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4-hydroxypyrimidine Chemical compound NC1=NC=CC(O)=N1 XQCZBXHVTFVIFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CNPURSDMOWDNOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxy-7h-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-amine Chemical compound COC1=NC(N)=NC2=C1C=CN2 CNPURSDMOWDNOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OVONXEQGWXGFJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-sulfanylidene-1h-pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound SC=1C=CNC(=O)N=1 OVONXEQGWXGFJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIVLITBTBDPEFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dihydrouracil Chemical compound O=C1CCNC(=O)N1 OIVLITBTBDPEFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQLQRFGHAALLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromouracil Chemical compound BrC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O LQLQRFGHAALLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNWOYKVCNDZOLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-amino-5-chloro-1h-pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound NC=1NC(=O)N=CC=1Cl PNWOYKVCNDZOLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLLCDONDZDHLCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-amino-5-hydroxy-1h-pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound NC=1NC(=O)N=CC=1O NLLCDONDZDHLCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYYIULNRIVUMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloroguanine Chemical compound NC1=NC(Cl)=C2N=CNC2=N1 RYYIULNRIVUMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGKBRPAAQSHTED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-oxoadenine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1NC(=O)N2 RGKBRPAAQSHTED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MSSXOMSJDRHRMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-purine-2,6-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=C2NC=NC2=N1 MSSXOMSJDRHRMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000186041 Actinomyces israelii Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000701386 African swine fever virus Species 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000710929 Alphavirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010001935 American trypanosomiasis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000030431 Asparaginyl endopeptidase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000711404 Avian avulavirus 1 Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000713826 Avian leukosis virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000700663 Avipoxvirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001455947 Babesia divergens Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000223848 Babesia microti Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000193738 Bacillus anthracis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000606125 Bacteroides Species 0.000 description 2
- 102100021663 Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102100027522 Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 7 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- DWRXFEITVBNRMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Beta-D-1-Arabinofuranosylthymine Natural products O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1C1C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 DWRXFEITVBNRMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000228405 Blastomyces dermatitidis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001227615 Bovine foamy virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000714266 Bovine leukemia virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001506128 Bovine rotavirus strain NCDV/G6 Species 0.000 description 2
- 125000005915 C6-C14 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000589876 Campylobacter Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000700664 Capripoxvirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000710190 Cardiovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000024699 Chagas disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000606153 Chlamydia trachomatis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000710777 Classical swine fever virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000193449 Clostridium tetani Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000204955 Colorado tick fever virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000186216 Corynebacterium Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000186227 Corynebacterium diphtheriae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000709687 Coxsackievirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 108091029430 CpG site Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000020406 Creutzfeldt Jacob disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000003407 Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000010859 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000150230 Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N D-ribofuranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Deoxycytidine Natural products O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1C1OC(CO)C(O)C1 CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000702421 Dependoparvovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000000655 Distemper Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000607473 Edwardsiella <enterobacteria> Species 0.000 description 2
- LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Elaidinsaeure-aethylester Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000710188 Encephalomyocarditis virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000194032 Enterococcus faecalis Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 206010066919 Epidemic polyarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102100031940 Epithelial cell adhesion molecule Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241000701081 Equid alphaherpesvirus 1 Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000713730 Equine infectious anemia virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000283073 Equus caballus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010087819 Fc receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000009109 Fc receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241000713800 Feline immunodeficiency virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000701915 Feline panleukopenia virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001280522 Feline picornavirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282324 Felis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000711950 Filoviridae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000710831 Flavivirus Species 0.000 description 2
- GHASVSINZRGABV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorouracil Chemical compound FC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O GHASVSINZRGABV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000710198 Foot-and-mouth disease virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000605986 Fusobacterium nucleatum Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000701047 Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000713813 Gibbon ape leukemia virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000606768 Haemophilus influenzae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000150562 Hantaan orthohantavirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000590002 Helicobacter pylori Species 0.000 description 2
- 101710154606 Hemagglutinin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000700739 Hepadnaviridae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000709721 Hepatovirus A Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000228404 Histoplasma capsulatum Species 0.000 description 2
- 101000917826 Homo sapiens Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-a Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000917824 Homo sapiens Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000917858 Homo sapiens Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-A Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000917839 Homo sapiens Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-B Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000874141 Homo sapiens Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX43 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000713673 Human foamy virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000701044 Human gammaherpesvirus 4 Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000714192 Human spumaretrovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000248484 Ichthyophthirius Species 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000711450 Infectious bronchitis virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000588747 Klebsiella pneumoniae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000710912 Kunjin virus Species 0.000 description 2
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000712902 Lassa mammarenavirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000589248 Legionella Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000007764 Legionnaires' Disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000222740 Leishmania braziliensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000222727 Leishmania donovani Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000589902 Leptospira Species 0.000 description 2
- 102100029204 Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-a Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102100029185 Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-B Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241000712899 Lymphocytic choriomeningitis mammarenavirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000711828 Lyssavirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 241001115401 Marburgvirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000701244 Mastadenovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 102100028389 Melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241000710185 Mengo virus Species 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930191564 Monensin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- GAOZTHIDHYLHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Monensin A Natural products O1C(CC)(C2C(CC(O2)C2C(CC(C)C(O)(CO)O2)C)C)CCC1C(O1)(C)CCC21CC(O)C(C)C(C(C)C(OC)C(C)C(O)=O)O2 GAOZTHIDHYLHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000712045 Morbillivirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000711386 Mumps virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000711408 Murine respirovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000186363 Mycobacterium kansasii Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001457453 Nairobi sheep disease virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000588652 Neisseria gonorrhoeae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000588650 Neisseria meningitidis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000714209 Norwalk virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 101710163270 Nuclease Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000702259 Orbivirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000150218 Orthonairovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000700629 Orthopoxvirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000702244 Orthoreovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 101710093908 Outer capsid protein VP4 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101710135467 Outer capsid protein sigma-1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000700639 Parapoxvirus Species 0.000 description 2
- KHGNFPUMBJSZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perforine Natural products COC1=C2CCC(O)C(CCC(C)(C)O)(OC)C2=NC2=C1C=CO2 KHGNFPUMBJSZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000150350 Peribunyaviridae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000710778 Pestivirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000713137 Phlebovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000223960 Plasmodium falciparum Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001505293 Plasmodium ovale Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000223810 Plasmodium vivax Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010035664 Pneumonia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010035742 Pneumonitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920001363 Polidocanol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000288906 Primates Species 0.000 description 2
- 102100035724 Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX43 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710176177 Protein A56 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000125945 Protoparvovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000711798 Rabies lyssavirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000712907 Retroviridae Species 0.000 description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N Ribose Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000711897 Rinderpest morbillivirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000710942 Ross River virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000714474 Rous sarcoma virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000607142 Salmonella Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000714213 San Miguel sea lion virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001135555 Sandfly fever Sicilian virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000714229 Simian retrovirus 1 Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000700584 Simplexvirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000710960 Sindbis virus Species 0.000 description 2
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000713896 Spleen necrosis virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241001478880 Streptobacillus moniliformis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000193985 Streptococcus agalactiae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000193998 Streptococcus pneumoniae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000193996 Streptococcus pyogenes Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000193990 Streptococcus sp. 'group B' Species 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000700568 Suipoxvirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010002687 Survivin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000712908 Tacaribe mammarenavirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000223996 Toxoplasma Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001442397 Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000713152 Uukuniemi virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000710959 Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000711970 Vesiculovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001135139 Vibrio ordalii Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000713325 Visna/maedi virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000710886 West Nile virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000714205 Woolly monkey sarcoma virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-Furanose-Ribose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008365 aqueous carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010055066 asparaginylendopeptidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940065181 bacillus anthracis Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-L-thymidine Natural products O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1C1OC(CO)C(O)C1 IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940017687 beta-d-ribose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940095731 candida albicans Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012754 cardiac puncture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940038705 chlamydia trachomatis Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N cocaine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002299 complementary DNA Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000120 cytopathologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004443 dendritic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([S-])=S NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001493065 dsRNA viruses Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-QXMHVHEDSA-N ethyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-QXMHVHEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940093471 ethyl oleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010016629 fibroma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229960004413 flucytosine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960002949 fluorouracil Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940047650 haemophilus influenzae Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940037467 helicobacter pylori Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000185 hemagglutinin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 230000001524 infective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 206010023497 kuru Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960005358 monensin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GAOZTHIDHYLHMS-KEOBGNEYSA-N monensin A Chemical compound C([C@@](O1)(C)[C@H]2CC[C@@](O2)(CC)[C@H]2[C@H](C[C@@H](O2)[C@@H]2[C@H](C[C@@H](C)[C@](O)(CO)O2)C)C)C[C@@]21C[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](C)C(O)=O)O2 GAOZTHIDHYLHMS-KEOBGNEYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 description 2
- 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000016379 mucosal immune response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000009091 myxoma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003835 nucleoside group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007918 pathogenicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930192851 perforin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004713 phosphodiesters Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-L phosphoramidate Chemical compound NP([O-])([O-])=O PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000902 placebo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940068196 placebo Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000013612 plasmid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008279 sol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004989 spleen cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940031000 streptococcus pneumoniae Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- HHVIBTZHLRERCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonyldimethane Chemical compound CS(C)(=O)=O HHVIBTZHLRERCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940104230 thymidine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WYWHKKSPHMUBEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tioguanine Chemical compound N1C(N)=NC(=S)C2=C1N=CN2 WYWHKKSPHMUBEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001529453 unidentified herpesvirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 201000006266 variola major Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000000627 variola minor Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000014016 variola minor infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- OZFAFGSSMRRTDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4-dichlorophenyl) benzenesulfonate Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OZFAFGSSMRRTDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALNDFFUAQIVVPG-NGJCXOISSA-N (2r,3r,4r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-methoxypentanal Chemical compound CO[C@@H](C=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO ALNDFFUAQIVVPG-NGJCXOISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVJGCCBAOOWGEO-RUTPOYCXSA-N (2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-4-amino-2-[[(2s,3s)-2-[[(2s,3s)-2-[[(2s)-2-azaniumyl-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-4-carboxylatobutanoyl]amino]-6-azaniumy Chemical compound OC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JVJGCCBAOOWGEO-RUTPOYCXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STGXGJRRAJKJRG-JDJSBBGDSA-N (3r,4r,5r)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methoxyoxolane-2,4-diol Chemical group CO[C@H]1C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]1O STGXGJRRAJKJRG-JDJSBBGDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-beta-D-Xylofuranosyl-NH-Cytosine Natural products O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1C1C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZMSYXZUNZXBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TZMSYXZUNZXBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 2,3-bis[[(z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propyl (z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical class CCCCCCC(O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- AYPSHJCKSDNETA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1h-benzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(Cl)=NC2=C1 AYPSHJCKSDNETA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMSMHKMPBNTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dimethylamino-6-hydroxypurine Chemical compound N1C(N(C)C)=NC(=O)C2=C1N=CN2 XMSMHKMPBNTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZLCGUXUOFWCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxynonadecane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)C(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O HZLCGUXUOFWCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FTBBGQKRYUTLMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitro-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CN1 FTBBGQKRYUTLMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIIGHSIIKVOWKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=NNN=C21 GIIGHSIIKVOWKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVCOBJNICQPDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxydecanoyloxy]decanoic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC1C(OC(CC(=O)OC(CCCCCCC)CC(O)=O)CCCCCCC)OC(C)C(O)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(C)O1 HVCOBJNICQPDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEVYNIUIFUYDGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[6-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)anilino]-4-pyrimidinyl]benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C=2N=CN=C(NC=3C=CC(OC(F)(F)F)=CC=3)C=2)=C1 WEVYNIUIFUYDGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOJNBPNACKZWAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitro-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C=1C=CNC=1 LOJNBPNACKZWAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-ULQXZJNLSA-N 4-amino-1-[(2r,4s,5r)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-5-tritiopyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C([3H])=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C1 CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-ULQXZJNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BLXGZIDBSXVMLU-OWOJBTEDSA-N 5-[(e)-2-bromoethenyl]-1h-pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound Br\C=C\C1=CNC(=O)NC1=O BLXGZIDBSXVMLU-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BISHACNKZIBDFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-amino-1h-pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound NC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O BISHACNKZIBDFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFEFTTYGMZOIKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-azacytosine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC(=O)N1 MFEFTTYGMZOIKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFTBZKVVGZNMJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chlorouracil Chemical compound ClC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O ZFTBZKVVGZNMJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDBGXEHEIRGOBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxymethyluracil Chemical compound OCC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O JDBGXEHEIRGOBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFJNVANOCZHTMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxyuracil Chemical compound OC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O OFJNVANOCZHTMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZFPSOBLQZPIAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-nitro-1h-indole Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 OZFPSOBLQZPIAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091027075 5S-rRNA precursor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- SXIYEPVAXKIRKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-amino-5-(difluoromethyl)-1h-pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound NC1=NC(=O)NC=C1C(F)F SXIYEPVAXKIRKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFVKLKDEXOWFSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-amino-5-bromo-1h-pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound NC=1NC(=O)N=CC=1Br QFVKLKDEXOWFSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFVWJVAMULFOMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-amino-5-iodo-1h-pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound NC=1NC(=O)N=CC=1I UFVWJVAMULFOMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKOMXBHMKXXTNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyladenine Chemical compound CNC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 CKOMXBHMKXXTNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091007505 ADAM17 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100028100 Activating signal cointegrator 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000607525 Aeromonas salmonicida Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000120516 African horse sickness virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001135972 Aleutian mink disease virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100023635 Alpha-fetoprotein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100024003 Arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241001167018 Aroa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100035526 B melanoma antigen 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710177963 Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 7 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000702628 Birnaviridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000335423 Blastomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000120506 Bluetongue virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001118702 Border disease virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000589968 Borrelia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000711895 Bovine orthopneumovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000701822 Bovine papillomavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000621124 Bovine papular stomatitis virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000701922 Bovine parvovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001493154 Bunyamwera virus Species 0.000 description 1
- HFXQFRXCONNSPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L C(CCC(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[Na+].C(CCCCCCC)SCCCCCCCC.[Na+] Chemical compound C(CCC(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[Na+].C(CCCCCCC)SCCCCCCCC.[Na+] HFXQFRXCONNSPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 102100021943 C-C motif chemokine 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710155857 C-C motif chemokine 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000004366 CD4-positive T-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 101100184273 Caenorhabditis elegans mnk-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000714198 Caliciviridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000008889 California Encephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282836 Camelus dromedarius Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100025570 Cancer/testis antigen 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000701931 Canine parvovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000700199 Cavia porcellus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000711969 Chandipura virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001502567 Chikungunya virus Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102100031065 Choline kinase alpha Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100039361 Chondrosarcoma-associated gene 2/3 protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010077544 Chromatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100038215 Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 7 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000223203 Coccidioides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223205 Coccidioides immitis Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010062580 Concanavalin A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000222716 Crithidia Species 0.000 description 1
- 201000007336 Cryptococcosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001337994 Cryptococcus <scale insect> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221204 Cryptococcus neoformans Species 0.000 description 1
- 108050006400 Cyclin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000016736 Cyclin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010024986 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010025464 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100036239 Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100036252 Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-PSQAKQOGSA-N Cytidine Natural products O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-PSQAKQOGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710112752 Cytotoxin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000003603 D-ribosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- 102100024829 DNA polymerase delta catalytic subunit Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010012335 Dependence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CZGGKXNYNPJFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyldithiophosphate Chemical compound COP(S)(=S)OC CZGGKXNYNPJFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100031111 Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000012591 Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline Substances 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150049307 EEF1A2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000008157 ELISA kit Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000710945 Eastern equine encephalitis virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001466953 Echovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000725630 Ectromelia virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607471 Edwardsiella tarda Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100491986 Emericella nidulans (strain FGSC A4 / ATCC 38163 / CBS 112.46 / NRRL 194 / M139) aromA gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010014584 Encephalitis california Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100025654 Endosome-associated-trafficking regulator 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000792859 Enema Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588914 Enterobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000194033 Enterococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000709691 Enterovirus E Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010055196 EphA2 Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100030340 Ephrin type-A receptor 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010066687 Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100036725 Epithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241001598169 Equid alphaherpesvirus 3 Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000725578 Equid gammaherpesvirus 2 Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000000832 Equine Encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000186811 Erysipelothrix Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000186810 Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000010201 Exanthema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108050001049 Extracellular proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100028073 Fibroblast growth factor 5 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000380 Fibroblast growth factor 5 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000710781 Flaviviridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000604777 Flavobacterium columnare Species 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000007212 Foot-and-Mouth Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000666 Fowlpox Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000700662 Fowlpox virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010017553 Furuncle Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000701063 Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1 Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000609762 Gallus gallus Ovalbumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000005577 Gastroenteritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100041003 Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100025961 Glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710138819 Glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Natural products NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930186217 Glycolipid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 206010061192 Haemorrhagic fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010006464 Hemolysin Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000005176 Hepatitis C Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005331 Hepatitis D Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010019786 Hepatitis non-A non-B Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100028721 Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 5 protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000009889 Herpes Simplex Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000007514 Herpes zoster Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000700586 Herpesviridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000701020 Herpesvirus sylvilagus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000000440 Herpetic Stomatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108090000353 Histone deacetylase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100038720 Histone deacetylase 9 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000649017 Homo sapiens Activating signal cointegrator 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000874316 Homo sapiens B melanoma antigen 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000936083 Homo sapiens Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 7 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000856237 Homo sapiens Cancer/testis antigen 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000914321 Homo sapiens Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 7 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000745414 Homo sapiens Chondrosarcoma-associated gene 2/3 protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000883739 Homo sapiens Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 7 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000868333 Homo sapiens Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000909198 Homo sapiens DNA polymerase delta catalytic subunit Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000954709 Homo sapiens Doublecortin domain-containing protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001056455 Homo sapiens Endosome-associated-trafficking regulator 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000920667 Homo sapiens Epithelial cell adhesion molecule Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000929433 Homo sapiens Epithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000892862 Homo sapiens Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000985516 Homo sapiens Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 5 protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000872458 Homo sapiens Huntingtin-interacting protein 1-related protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000614481 Homo sapiens Kidney-associated antigen 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001050567 Homo sapiens Kinesin-like protein KIF2C Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000578784 Homo sapiens Melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000628547 Homo sapiens Metalloreductase STEAP1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000615488 Homo sapiens Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001133056 Homo sapiens Mucin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000623901 Homo sapiens Mucin-16 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001133081 Homo sapiens Mucin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001024605 Homo sapiens Next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000662592 Homo sapiens Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase tankyrase-2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000617725 Homo sapiens Pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001136592 Homo sapiens Prostate stem cell antigen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000655980 Homo sapiens Thioredoxin reductase 3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000831496 Homo sapiens Toll-like receptor 3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000669447 Homo sapiens Toll-like receptor 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000669460 Homo sapiens Toll-like receptor 5 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000669402 Homo sapiens Toll-like receptor 7 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000800483 Homo sapiens Toll-like receptor 8 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000801433 Homo sapiens Trophoblast glycoprotein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000714260 Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000714259 Human T-lymphotropic virus 2 Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000701085 Human alphaherpesvirus 3 Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000701024 Human betaherpesvirus 5 Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000309469 Human enteric coronavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000725303 Human immunodeficiency virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000701806 Human papillomavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000829111 Human polyomavirus 1 Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000617996 Human rotavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100034773 Huntingtin-interacting protein 1-related protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710123134 Ice-binding protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710082837 Ice-structuring protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108060003951 Immunoglobulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UGQMRVRMYYASKQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N Inosine Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC(O)=C2N=C1 UGQMRVRMYYASKQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930010555 Inosine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 102000006992 Interferon-alpha Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010047761 Interferon-alpha Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000008070 Interferon-gamma Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000174 Interleukin-10 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091092195 Intron Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000701377 Iridoviridae Species 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000701460 JC polyomavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000120527 Kemerovo virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100023424 Kinesin-like protein KIF2C Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000588915 Klebsiella aerogenes Species 0.000 description 1
- 201000009908 La Crosse encephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000369733 Lagovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222722 Leishmania <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222736 Leishmania tropica Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004554 Leishmaniasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000700563 Leporipoxvirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000186781 Listeria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000186779 Listeria monocytogenes Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000016604 Lyme disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010010995 MART-1 Antigen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000713821 Mason-Pfizer monkey virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000015 Mesothelin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003735 Mesothelin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100026712 Metalloreductase STEAP1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100030932 Methionine adenosyltransferase 2 subunit beta Human genes 0.000 description 1
- GMPKIPWJBDOURN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methoxyamine Chemical compound CON GMPKIPWJBDOURN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100021299 Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000700627 Monkeypox virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100034256 Mucin-1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100034263 Mucin-2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000710908 Murray Valley encephalitis virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100262328 Mus musculus Dct gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100154912 Mus musculus Tyrp1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000186367 Mycobacterium avium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000187484 Mycobacterium gordonae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000186364 Mycobacterium intracellulare Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000187479 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Species 0.000 description 1
- SGSSKEDGVONRGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N(2)-methylguanine Chemical compound O=C1NC(NC)=NC2=C1N=CN2 SGSSKEDGVONRGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000772415 Neovison vison Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108700001237 Nucleic Acid-Based Vaccines Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000710944 O'nyong-nyong virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010934 O-alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- AYDQIZKZTQHYIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(=O)C1(C)CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1 Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C)CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1 AYDQIZKZTQHYIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000725177 Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010067152 Oral herpes Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000700635 Orf virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001520402 Oswaldocruzia Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000036673 PRAME Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108060006580 PRAME Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000606856 Pasteurella multocida Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091093037 Peptide nucleic acid Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004503 Perforin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010056995 Perforin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000017794 Perilipin-2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010067163 Perilipin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000009328 Perro Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000037581 Persistent Infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100021768 Phosphoserine aminotransferase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000709664 Picornaviridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010035148 Plague Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000223821 Plasmodium malariae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000711902 Pneumovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102100037477 Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase tankyrase-2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010021757 Polynucleotide 5'-Hydroxyl-Kinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000008422 Polynucleotide 5'-hydroxyl-kinase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229920002701 Polyoxyl 40 Stearate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000037 Polyproline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000710884 Powassan virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100022019 Pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000024777 Prion disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100036735 Prostate stem cell antigen Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010072866 Prostate-Specific Antigen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000186812 Renibacterium salmoninarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000702263 Reovirus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000018780 Replication Protein A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010027643 Replication Protein A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010038802 Reticuloendothelial system stimulated Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010051497 Rhinotracheitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000190932 Rhodopseudomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091028664 Ribonucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000606701 Rickettsia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000713124 Rift Valley fever virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000710801 Rubivirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010005173 SERPIN-B5 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000701062 Saimiriine gammaherpesvirus 2 Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000710961 Semliki Forest virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100030333 Serpin B5 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241001417871 Silurus asotus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001529934 Simian T-lymphotropic virus 3 Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000702677 Simian rotavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000713675 Spumavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000295644 Staphylococcaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000191940 Staphylococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000194049 Streptococcus equinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001312524 Streptococcus viridans Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710172711 Structural protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000037065 Subacute sclerosing leukoencephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010042297 Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000701093 Suid alphaherpesvirus 1 Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000725681 Swine influenza virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000024932 T cell mediated immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(S)=O RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000218636 Thuja Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000723848 Tobamovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000002689 Toll-like receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020000411 Toll-like receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100024324 Toll-like receptor 3 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100039360 Toll-like receptor 4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100039357 Toll-like receptor 5 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100039390 Toll-like receptor 7 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100033110 Toll-like receptor 8 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710183280 Topoisomerase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000223997 Toxoplasma gondii Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000589886 Treponema Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000589904 Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007984 Tris EDTA buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100033579 Trophoblast glycoprotein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241001442399 Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223109 Trypanosoma cruzi Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710107540 Type-2 ice-structuring protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000700618 Vaccinia virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010046865 Vaccinia virus infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000870995 Variola Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700647 Variola virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494970 Vesicular exanthema of swine virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000711975 Vesicular stomatitis virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000544286 Vibrio anguillarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000726445 Viroids Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000710951 Western equine encephalitis virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607734 Yersinia <bacteria> Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010048249 Yersinia infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000025079 Yersinia infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940040563 agaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013566 allergen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010424 alunite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052934 alunite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000692 anti-sense effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005875 antibody response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010056 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000030741 antigen processing and presentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000612 antigen-presenting cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 101150037081 aroA gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000309743 astrovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- HNYOPLTXPVRDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N barbituric acid Chemical compound O=C1CC(=O)NC(=O)N1 HNYOPLTXPVRDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001950 benzethonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzethonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OCCOCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000003836 bluetongue Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000394 calcium triphosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000004970 cd4 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004663 cell proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006285 cell suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003483 chromatin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003920 cocaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000003486 coccidioidomycosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000005332 contagious pustular dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000139 costimulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000003740 cowpox Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004748 cultured cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-ZAKLUEHWSA-N cytidine Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-ZAKLUEHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000599 cytotoxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002619 cytotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008298 dragée Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006196 drop Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000002491 encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007920 enema Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095399 enema Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940092559 enterobacter aerogenes Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003114 enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010087914 epidermal growth factor receptor VIII Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000005884 exanthem Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000416 exudates and transudate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 208000005098 feline infectious peritonitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001943 fluorescence-activated cell sorting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108020005243 folate receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000006815 folate receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940013688 formic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000003512 furunculosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012252 genetic analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004392 genitalia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001894 hemadsorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003228 hemolysin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000006454 hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000283 hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000029570 hepatitis D virus infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IIRDTKBZINWQAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexaethylene glycol Chemical group OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO IIRDTKBZINWQAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001261 hydroxy acids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005934 immune activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001900 immune effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008105 immune reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005847 immunogenicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000018358 immunoglobulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229960001438 immunostimulant agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003022 immunostimulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000007203 infectious ectromelia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003786 inosine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003130 interferon gamma Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108040006849 interleukin-2 receptor activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000031891 intestinal absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PGHMRUGBZOYCAA-ADZNBVRBSA-N ionomycin Chemical compound O1[C@H](C[C@H](O)[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)/C=C/C[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](C)C(/O)=C/C(=O)[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)CC[C@@]1(C)[C@@H]1O[C@](C)([C@@H](C)O)CC1 PGHMRUGBZOYCAA-ADZNBVRBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGHMRUGBZOYCAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ionomycin Natural products O1C(CC(O)C(C)C(O)C(C)C=CCC(C)CC(C)C(O)=CC(=O)C(C)CC(C)CC(CCC(O)=O)C)CCC1(C)C1OC(C)(C(C)O)CC1 PGHMRUGBZOYCAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010023332 keratitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000010666 keratoconjunctivitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000017169 kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005060 lethargus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000032839 leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000021633 leukocyte mediated immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002751 lymph Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005075 mammary gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BOKOVLFWCAFYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L methoxy-dioxido-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound COP([O-])([O-])=S BOKOVLFWCAFYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003470 mitochondria Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010369 molecular cloning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000027889 monkey disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005871 monkeypox Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005087 mononuclear cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- OHDXDNUPVVYWOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-1-(2-naphthalen-1-ylsulfanylphenyl)methanamine Chemical compound CNCC1=CC=CC=C1SC1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 OHDXDNUPVVYWOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000822 natural killer cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000015122 neurodegenerative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000001119 neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007823 neuropathy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IBGCXOFOCKCBNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitro cyanate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OC#N IBGCXOFOCKCBNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 229940124276 oligodeoxyribonucleotide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940051027 pasteurella multocida Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RFWLACFDYFIVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RFWLACFDYFIVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 208000033808 peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008300 phosphoramidites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940118768 plasmodium malariae Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- ONJQDTZCDSESIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N polidocanol Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO ONJQDTZCDSESIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002226 polidocanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920001481 poly(stearyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108091033319 polynucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002157 polynucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000040430 polynucleotide Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108040000983 polyphosphate:AMP phosphotransferase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010026466 polyproline Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940021993 prophylactic vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyne Chemical compound CC#C MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 101150002764 purA gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002510 pyrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108091008146 restriction endonucleases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002336 ribonucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000548 ribosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940100486 rice starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012439 solid excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000130 stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000021 stimulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150050955 stn gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002511 suppository base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007910 systemic administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001541 thymus gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960003087 tioguanine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPZTWMNLAFDTGF-UHFFFAOYSA-D trialuminum;potassium;hexahydroxide;disulfate Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KPZTWMNLAFDTGF-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- UXHMGTYELGTNSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazole-1-carboxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)N1C=CN=N1 UXHMGTYELGTNSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydridoboron Substances B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000008827 tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000990167 unclassified Simian adenoviruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000007089 vaccinia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006648 viral gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002845 virion Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195727 α-lactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K48/00—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
- A61K48/005—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy characterised by an aspect of the 'active' part of the composition delivered, i.e. the nucleic acid delivered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
- A61K39/0011—Cancer antigens
- A61K39/001102—Receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- A61K39/001103—Receptors for growth factors
- A61K39/001104—Epidermal growth factor receptors [EGFR]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
- A61K39/0011—Cancer antigens
- A61K39/001102—Receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- A61K39/001103—Receptors for growth factors
- A61K39/001106—Her-2/neu/ErbB2, Her-3/ErbB3 or Her 4/ErbB4
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
- A61K39/0011—Cancer antigens
- A61K39/00118—Cancer antigens from embryonic or fetal origin
- A61K39/001182—Carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
- A61K39/0011—Cancer antigens
- A61K39/001184—Cancer testis antigens, e.g. SSX, BAGE, GAGE or SAGE
- A61K39/001186—MAGE
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
- A61K39/0011—Cancer antigens
- A61K39/001184—Cancer testis antigens, e.g. SSX, BAGE, GAGE or SAGE
- A61K39/001188—NY-ESO
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
- A61K39/0011—Cancer antigens
- A61K39/001193—Prostate associated antigens e.g. Prostate stem cell antigen [PSCA]; Prostate carcinoma tumor antigen [PCTA]; PAP or PSGR
- A61K39/001194—Prostate specific antigen [PSA]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
- A61K39/085—Staphylococcus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
- A61K39/09—Lactobacillales, e.g. aerococcus, enterococcus, lactobacillus, lactococcus, streptococcus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/02—Bacterial antigens
- A61K39/09—Lactobacillales, e.g. aerococcus, enterococcus, lactobacillus, lactococcus, streptococcus
- A61K39/092—Streptococcus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/12—Viral antigens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/12—Viral antigens
- A61K39/245—Herpetoviridae, e.g. herpes simplex virus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/12—Viral antigens
- A61K39/29—Hepatitis virus
- A61K39/292—Serum hepatitis virus, hepatitis B virus, e.g. Australia antigen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/39—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/005—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from viruses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/195—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
- C07K14/305—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria from Micrococcaceae (F)
- C07K14/31—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria from Micrococcaceae (F) from Staphylococcus (G)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N7/00—Viruses; Bacteriophages; Compositions thereof; Preparation or purification thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/54—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the route of administration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/545—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the dose, timing or administration schedule
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
- A61K2039/55561—CpG containing adjuvants; Oligonucleotide containing adjuvants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/57—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the type of response, e.g. Th1, Th2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2710/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA dsDNA viruses
- C12N2710/00011—Details
- C12N2710/16011—Herpesviridae
- C12N2710/16611—Simplexvirus, e.g. human herpesvirus 1, 2
- C12N2710/16634—Use of virus or viral component as vaccine, e.g. live-attenuated or inactivated virus, VLP, viral protein
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2730/00—Reverse transcribing DNA viruses
- C12N2730/00011—Details
- C12N2730/10011—Hepadnaviridae
- C12N2730/10111—Orthohepadnavirus, e.g. hepatitis B virus
- C12N2730/10134—Use of virus or viral component as vaccine, e.g. live-attenuated or inactivated virus, VLP, viral protein
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2740/00—Reverse transcribing RNA viruses
- C12N2740/00011—Details
- C12N2740/10011—Retroviridae
- C12N2740/16011—Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV
- C12N2740/16034—Use of virus or viral component as vaccine, e.g. live-attenuated or inactivated virus, VLP, viral protein
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2760/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssRNA viruses negative-sense
- C12N2760/00011—Details
- C12N2760/18011—Paramyxoviridae
- C12N2760/18511—Pneumovirus, e.g. human respiratory syncytial virus
- C12N2760/18534—Use of virus or viral component as vaccine, e.g. live-attenuated or inactivated virus, VLP, viral protein
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Pregnancy & Childbirth (AREA)
- Reproductive Health (AREA)
- Gynecology & Obstetrics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,以及使用免疫刺激性寡核苷酸诱导抗原特异性免疫应答的方法。本发明还涉及包含免疫刺激性寡核苷酸和抗原以及包含药物可接受载体的疫苗。在一些实施方案实施方案中,本发明免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包括一或多个经修饰的键。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及免疫刺激性寡核苷酸以及使用免疫刺激性寡核苷酸来诱导抗原特异性免疫应答的方法。
背景技术
细菌DNA具有活化B细胞和天然杀伤细胞的免疫刺激性效应,但脊椎动物DNA无此效应(Tokunaga,T.等人,1988.Jpn.J.Cancer Res.79:682-686;Tokunaga,T.等人,1984,JNCI 72:955-962;Messina,J.P.等人,1991,J.Immunol.147:1759-1764;且综述于Krieg,1998,Applied OligonucleotideTechnology,C.A.Stein及A.M.Krieg(Eds.),John Wiley and SonsInc.,NewYork,N.Y.,pp.431-448)。现已知细菌DNA的这些免疫刺激性效应是在特定碱基背景中存在未甲基化的CpG二核苷酸(CpG基序)的结果,该基序在细菌DNA中常见,但其在脊椎动物DNA中被甲基化且比率不足(Krieg等人,1995 Nature 374:546-549;Krieg,1999 Biochim.Biophys.Acta1489:107-116)。可以用含有这些CpG基序的合成寡脱氧核苷酸(ODN)来模拟细菌DNA的免疫刺激性效应。此类CpG ODN对人类及鼠类白细胞具有高刺激性效应,其诱导B细胞增殖;细胞因子及免疫球蛋白分泌;天然杀伤(NK)细胞裂解活性及IFN-γ分泌;以及活化树突细胞(DC)及其它抗原呈递细胞以表达共刺激分子并分泌细胞因子,特别是在促进Th1样T细胞应答的发展中很重要的Th1样细胞因子。天然磷酸二酯骨架CpG ODN的这些免疫刺激性效应是高度CpG特异的,因为在CpG基序被甲基化、变为GpC、或以其它方式被去除或改变时所述效应显著降低(Krieg等人,1995Nature 374:546-549;Hartmann等人,1999 Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA96:9305-10)。
此前已有报导,CpG寡核苷酸的免疫刺激性活性取决于CpG基序的数量、CG二核苷酸两侧的序列、CpG基序的位置及CpG基序之间的间隔(Ballas等人,1996,J.Immunol.157(5):1840-5;Hartmann等人,2000,J.Immunol.,164(3):1617-24;Klinman等人,2003,Clin.Exp.Immunol.,133(2):227-32)。本文公开了3′CpG基序被移除的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其令人惊讶地仍保留其免疫刺激性活性。本文还公开了包含所述免疫刺激性寡核苷酸和抗原的疫苗,以及使用该疫苗的方法。
发明简述
在本发明各方面中,提供了包含核苷酸序列5′TCGTCGTTTTTCGGTGCTTTT 3′(SEQ ID NO:1)的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸。在一些实施方案中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包含一或多个经修饰的键。在某些实施方案中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包含一或多个硫代磷酸酯键。在某些实施方案中,寡核苷酸所有的核苷酸间键均为硫代磷酸酯键。在一些实施方案中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包含至少一个亲脂性经取代的核苷酸类似物以及嘧啶-嘌呤二核苷酸。
在本发明各方面中,提供了疫苗,其包含抗原及含有核苷酸序列SEQ IDNO:1的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸、还包含药物可接受的载体。在一些实施方案中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸为可诱导抗原特异性免疫应答的有效量。在另外的实施方案中,所诱导的抗原特异性免疫应答是Th1免疫应答。在一些实施方案中,所述抗原是微生物抗原、自身抗原或成瘾性物质。在另外的实施方案中,所述细菌抗原与金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)有关,或者所述细菌抗原与引起龋齿的细菌有关。在另外的实施方案中,所述细菌是变异链球菌(Streptococcus mutans)、龋齿链球菌(Streptococcus sobrinus)、血链球菌(Streptococcus sanguis)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilis)、或粘液放线菌(Actinomyces viscosus)。在另外的实施方案中,所述细菌抗原与引起牙周病的细菌有关。在另外的实施方案中,所述细菌是牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis)或伴放线放线杆菌(Actinobacillusactinomycetemcomitans)。在一些实施方案中,所述病毒抗原与呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、单纯疱疹病毒1、单纯疱疹病毒2、人类免疫缺陷病毒-1(HIV-1)或HIV-2有关。在另外的实施方案中,所述寄生虫抗原与引起疟疾的寄生虫有关。在一些实施方案中,所述自身抗原是肿瘤抗原、与阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s Disease)有关的抗原、针对人抗体的抗原、或从人内源性逆转录病毒元件表达的抗原。在另外的实施方案中,所述肿瘤抗原是HER2、MAGE、NY-ESO、PSA、CEA或EGFR的变体形式。在另外的实施方案中,其中所述抗原与阿尔茨海默病有关,该抗原是τ-或β-淀粉状蛋白。在一些实施方案中,所述抗原是IgE。在一些实施方案中,所述抗原是缀合至载体的尼古丁半抗原。在另外的实施方案中,与尼古丁半抗原缀合的载体是白喉毒素(DT)。在另外的实施方案中,所述抗原为肽、重组蛋白、纯化蛋白、全灭活病原体、活的减毒病毒或病毒载体、活的减毒细菌或细菌载体、多糖、半抗原、或由质粒DNA所编码的。
在一些实施方案中,抗原缀合至载体。在另外的实施方案中,所述载体是白喉毒素(DT)。在另外的实施方案中,所述载体是病毒样颗粒。在另外的实施方案中,所述病毒样颗粒是RNA噬菌体Q-β、乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、或乙型肝炎核心抗原(HBcAg)。在一些实施方案中,疫苗还包含一或多种佐剂。在另外的实施方案中,佐剂是非TLR 9的Toll样受体(Toll-like receptor)(TLR)的激动剂。在另外的实施方案中,所述激动剂针对TLR 3。在另外的实施方案中,所述TLR 3激动剂是经稳定的聚I:C。在某些实施方案中,所述激动剂针对TLR 4。在另外的实施方案中,所述TLR 4激动剂是脂多糖(LPS)衍生物。在另外的实施方案中,所述LPS衍生物是MPL或GLA。在另外的实施方案中,所述激动剂针对TLR 5。在另外的实施方案中,所述TLR 5激动剂是鞭毛蛋白。在某些实施方案中,所述激动剂针对TLR 7或8。在另外的实施方案中,所述TLR 7或8的激动剂是咪唑并喹啉家族的小分子。在另外的实施方案中,所述佐剂是铝盐。在另外的实施方案中,所述铝盐是氢氧化铝。在某些实施方案中,所述佐剂是免疫刺激性复合物(ISCOM)。在另外的实施方案中,所述佐剂是水包油或油包水乳液。在某些实施方案中,所述佐剂是脂质体。在另外的实施方案中,所述佐剂是递送系统。在另外的实施方案中,所述递送系统是纳米颗粒或微粒。
在某些实施方案中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包含一或多个经修饰的键。在另外的实施方案中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包含一或多个硫代磷酸酯键。在某些实施方案中,寡核苷酸所有的核苷酸间键均为硫代磷酸酯键。在另外的实施方案中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包含至少一个亲脂性经取代的核苷酸类似物以及嘧啶-嘌呤二核苷酸。在某些实施方案中,疫苗经配制以用于施用。在另外的实施方案中,疫苗经配制以通过肠胃外途径来施用,其中所述肠胃外途径是肌内、皮下、皮内、静脉内或腹膜内。在另外的实施方案中,疫苗经配制以用于通过体表途径施用,其中所述体表途径是皮肤、经皮或粘膜表面。在另外的实施方案中,粘膜途径是口服、鼻内、阴道内、直肠内、口内或眼内。
在本发明的某些方面,在有需要的对象中诱导抗原特异性免疫应答的方法包括以有效量对该对象施用抗原及包含核苷酸序列SEQ ID NO:1的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸以在该对象中诱导抗原特异性免疫应答。在某些实施方案中,所述抗原是微生物抗原、自身抗原或成瘾性物质。在另外的实施方案中,所述微生物抗原是细菌抗原、病毒抗原或寄生虫抗原。在另外的实施方案中,所述细菌抗原与金黄色葡萄球菌有关,或者所述细菌抗原与引起龋齿的细菌有关。在另外的实施方案中,所述细菌是变异链球菌、龋齿链球菌、血链球菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、或粘液放线菌。在另外的实施方案中,所述细菌抗原与引起牙周病的细菌有关。在另外的实施方案中,所述细菌是牙龈卟啉单胞菌或伴放线放线杆菌。在某些实施方案中,所述病毒抗原与呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、单纯疱疹病毒1、单纯疱疹病毒2、人类免疫缺陷病毒-1(HIV-1)或HIV-2有关。在另外的实施方案中,所述寄生虫抗原与引起疟疾的寄生虫有关。在某些实施方案中,所述自身抗原是肿瘤抗原、与阿尔茨海默病有关的抗原、针对人类抗体的抗原、或从人类内源性逆转录病毒元件表达的抗原。在另外的实施方案中,所述肿瘤抗原是HER2、MAGE、NY-ESO、PSA、CEA或EGFR的变体形式。在另外的实施方案中,其中所述抗原与阿尔茨海默病有关,该抗原是τ-或β-淀粉状蛋白。在某些实施方案中,所述抗原是IgE。在某些实施方案中,所述抗原是与载体缀合的尼古丁半抗原。在另外的实施方案中,与尼古丁半抗原缀合的载体是白喉毒素(DT)。在另外的实施方案中,所述抗原为肽、重组蛋白、纯化蛋白、去灭活病原体、活的减毒病毒或病毒载体、活的减毒细菌或细菌载体、多糖、半抗原、或由质粒DNA所编码的。
在某些实施方案中,所述抗原与载体缀合。在另外的实施方案中,所述载体是白喉毒素(DT)。在另外的实施方案中,所述载体是病毒样颗粒。在另外的实施方案中,所述病毒样颗粒是RNA噬菌体Q-β、乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、或乙型肝炎核心抗原(HBcAg)。在某些实施方案中,疫苗还包含一或多种佐剂。在另外的实施方案中,所述佐剂是非TLR 9的Toll样受体(TLR)的激动剂。在另外的实施方案中,所述激动剂针对TLR 3。在另外的实施方案中,所述TLR 3激动剂是经稳定聚I:C。在某些实施方案中,所述激动剂针对TLR 4。在另外的实施方案中,所述TLR 4激动剂是脂多糖(LPS)衍生物。在另外的实施方案中,所述LPS衍生物是MPL或GLA。在另外的实施方案中,所述激动剂针对TLR 5。在另外的实施方案中,所述TLR 5激动剂是鞭毛蛋白。在某些实施方案中,所述激动剂针对TLR 7或8。在另外的实施方案中,所述TLR 7或8激动剂是咪唑并喹啉家族的小分子。在另外的实施方案中,佐剂是铝盐。在另外的实施方案中,铝盐是氢氧化铝。在某些实施方案中,佐剂是免疫刺激性复合物(ISCOM)。在另外的实施方案中,佐剂是水包油或油包水乳液。在某些实施方案中,佐剂是脂质体。在另外的实施方案中,佐剂是递送系统。在另外的实施方案中,所述递送系统是纳米颗粒或微粒。
在某些实施方案中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包含一或多个经修饰的键。在另外的实施方案中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包含一或多个硫代磷酸酯键。在某些实施方案中,寡核苷酸所有的核苷酸间键均为硫代磷酸酯键。在另外的实施方案中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包含至少一个亲脂性经取代的核苷酸类似物以及嘧啶-嘌呤二核苷酸。在某些实施方案中,抗原和/或免疫刺激性寡核苷酸经配制以用于施用。在另外的实施方案中,抗原和/或免疫刺激性寡核苷酸经配制以通过肠胃外途径施用,其中所述肠胃外途径是肌内、皮下、皮内、静脉内或腹膜内。在另外的实施方案中,抗原和/或免疫刺激性寡核苷酸经配制以通过体表途径施用,其中所述体表途径是皮肤、经皮或粘膜表面。在另外的实施方案中,所述粘膜途径是口服、鼻内、阴道内、直肠内、口内或眼内。在某些实施方案中,抗原及免疫刺激性寡核苷酸通过相同、类似或不同的途径来施用。在另外的实施方案中,抗原和免疫刺激性寡核苷酸是联合、同时或分别施用。在另外的实施方案中,抗原和免疫刺激性寡核苷酸在彼此相隔24小时以内施用。在某些实施方案中,所述对象是被兽医治疗的物种。在另外的实施方案中,所述对象是非啮齿动物对象。在某些实施方案中,所述对象为人类。
附图说明
图1:小鼠中体液免疫应答的提高。用无佐剂或者组合了CPG 24555、10103或7909(10μg)或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg;仅与OVA一起使用)的1μg HBsAg(左图)或者20μg OVA(右图)对成年(6-8wk;n=10/gp)小鼠进行免疫。对最后一次加强后第2周(对于HBsAg)或第1周(对于OVA)的血浆测定抗原特异性总IgG、IgG1及IgG2a/c水平(抗HBs或抗OVA)。各条柱代表总IgG的几何平均(±SEM)效价。效价定义为导致光吸收值为截断值0.05的未免疫血浆两倍的最高稀释度。各条柱上方的数字代表抗原特异性IgG2a(或2c)/IgG1的比率。
图2:在小鼠中所诱导体液免疫应答的性质。用无佐剂或者组合了CPG24555、10103或7909(10μg)或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg;仅与OVA一起使用)的1μg HBsAg(左图)或者20μg OVA(右图)对成年(6-8wk;n=10/gp)小鼠进行免疫。对最后一次加强后第2周(对于HBsAg)或第1周(对于OVA)的血浆测定针对HBsAg(抗HBs)或OVA(抗OVA)的IgG1(空白条柱)及IgG2a或IgG2c(黑色条柱)的水平。各条柱代表整格组(n=10)的ELISA终点稀释效价的几何平均(±SEM)。效价定义为导致吸光度值为截断值0.05的未免疫血浆两倍的最高稀释度。
图3:在小鼠中所诱导的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞应答。用无佐剂或者组合了CPG 24555、10103或7909(10μg)或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg;仅与OVA一起使用)的1μg HBsAg(左图)或20μg OVA(右图)对成年(6-8wk;n=5/gp)小鼠进行免疫。对最后一次加强后第2周(对于HBsAg)或第1周(对于OVA)的脾细胞用标准51Cr释放测定法来测定抗原特异性CTL应答。
图4:在TLR9缺陷型小鼠的CTL应答中无CpG介导的提高。用无佐剂或者组合了CPG 24555、10103或7909(10μg)或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg)的20μg OVA来对TLR9缺陷型成年(6-8wk;n=5gp)小鼠进行免疫。对最后一次加强后第1周的脾细胞用标准51Cr释放测定法来测定OVA特异性CTL应答。
图5:野生型vs.TLR9缺陷型小鼠中de OVA特异性CD8T细胞。用无佐剂或者组合了CPG 24555、10103或7909(10μg)或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg)的20μg OVA来对野生型及TLR9缺陷型成年(6-8wk;n=5/gp)小鼠进行免疫。对最后一次加强后第1周的脾细胞使用MHC I类H-2Kb-SIINFEKL四聚体来测定OVA特异性CD8T细胞。
图6:小鼠中的抗原特异性IFN-g分泌。用无佐剂或者组合了CPG24555、10103或7909(10μg)或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg;仅与OVA一起使用)的1μg HBsAg(左图)或20μg OVA(右图)对成年(6-8wk;n=5/gp)小鼠进行免疫。对最后一次加强后第2周(对于HBsAg)或第1周(对于OVA)的脾细胞用图中所示相关抗原将刺激72hr,并用ELISA来测定培养物上清的IFN-γ。
图7:在TLR9缺陷型小鼠的抗原特异性IFN-g分泌中无CpG介导的提高。用无佐剂或者组合了CPG 24555、10103或7909(10μg)或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg)的20μg OVA来对TLR9缺陷型成年(6-8wk;n=5gp)小鼠进行免疫。对最后一次加强后第1周的脾细胞用OVA以0、0.5及1mg/ml的浓度刺激72hr,并用ELISA测定培养物上清的IFN-γ。
图8:小鼠中的抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群。用1μg HBsAg单独与抗原、或者用1μg HBsAg及抗原并组合CPG 24555、10103或7909(10μg)对成年(6-8wk;n=5/gp)小鼠进行免疫。对加强后第2周的脾细胞用HBsAg抗原(对于CD4)或HBs I类肽(对于CD8)进行再刺激,并使用流式细胞术来对分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的CD4(图A)和CD8(图B)T细胞群进行定量。
图9:人类PBMC中的先天免疫。将人类PBMC(5×106/ml)与不同浓度的CPG 10103、CPG 24555或非CpG对照ODN 22881一起温育24或48h。收集细胞上清并使用市售ELISA试剂盒对细胞因子/趋化因子的分泌进行测定。图9A显示了IFN-α、MCP-1及IP-10的分泌。图9B显示了IL-6、IL-10及IL-2R的分泌。
图10:BALB/c小鼠中的体内先天免疫。以100μg的剂量水平对BALB/c小鼠(n=5/组)皮下注射PBS(安慰剂对照)、CPG 24555、CPG 10103或非CpG对照ODN 2137。在注射后3小时对动物取血并用市售ELISA测定血浆的IP-10(图10A)及IL-12(图10B)或IL-6(图10C)。
图11:BALB/c小鼠中的体内体液免疫。用HBsAg(1μg)±CPG 24555或10103(10μg)、OVA(20μg)±CPG 24555或10103(10μg)、或用来自Texas 1/77、H3N2的流感A HA(1μg)+明矾(25μg Al3+)、±CPG 24555或10103(10μg)来对BALB/c小鼠进行肌内免疫。在第0天及第14天(HBsAg)、在第0天、第7天及第21天(OVA)者或仅在第0天(HA)对小鼠进行免疫。图11A显示了在加强后第2周用终点ELISA测量的HBsAg特异性总IgG效价。图11B显示了在最后一次加强后第1周的OVA特异性总IgG效价。图11C显示了在免疫后各个时间用终点ELISA测量的HA特异性总IgG的动力学。
图12:BALB/c小鼠中的T细胞应答。用HBsAg(1μg)与10μg的CPGODN 2455、CPG 10103或非CpG对照ODN 2137、或单独的HBsAg(1μg)对BALB/c小鼠进行肌内注射。在第0天及第14天对小鼠进行注射。图12A显示了在加强后第2周用51Cr释放所测量的HBsAg特异性CTL。用OVA(20μg)与10μg的CPG ODN 2455、CPG 10103或非CpG对照ODN 2137、或单独的OVA(20μg)对C57bl/6小鼠进行肌内注射。在第0天、第7天及第21天对小鼠进行注射。图12B显示了在最后一次加强后第1周用51Cr释放所测量的OVA特异性CTL。
图13:BALB/c小鼠中的T细胞应答。用HBsAg(1μg)与10μg的CPGODN 2455、CPG 10103或非CpG对照ODN 2137、或单独的HBsAg(1μg)对BALB/c小鼠进行肌内注射。在第0天及第14天对小鼠实施进行注射。自将最后一次加强免疫后第2周将的脾细胞与各自的抗原一起全无奈与培养72小时且并藉由用ELISA来测试培养物上清液的中之IFN-γ(图13A)。向C57bl/6小鼠肌内注射用OVA(20μg)与以及10μg的CPG ODN 2455、CPG 10103或非无CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg)、或单独的注射OVA(20μg)对C57bl/6小鼠进行肌内注射。在第0天、第7天及第21天对小鼠实施进行注射。自将最后一次加强免疫后第1周将的脾细胞与各自的抗原一起温育72小时且用ELISA来测试培养物上清的IFN-γ(图13B)。图14:在免疫后第6周的抗HA。用HA(1μg)±CpG或对照ODN(10μg)±明矾(25μg Al3+)以50μl的总体积对雌性BALB/c小鼠进行免疫。在免疫后第6周测量抗HA的量。
图15:在免疫后第4周的血凝抑制(HIA)效价。使用血凝抑制测定(HIA)来评估抗体的功能。测量了单独或与明矾组合提高HIA效价的能力。
图16:HA特异性IFNγ分泌。用HA(1μg)±CpG或对照ODN(10μg)±明矾(25μg Al3+)以50μl的总体积对雌性BALB/c小鼠进行免疫。免疫后第6周摘除的脾细胞被用于测定抗原特异性IFNγ的分泌。
图17:非人灵长类中的体液应答。在第0周、第4周及第8周通过肌内注射单独用Engerix-B(10μg HBsAg;250μg Al3+)或用其与0.5mg pf CPG7909或CPG 24555的组合对食蟹猴(3-5岁龄;n=5/组进行免疫。以规则的时间间隔对动物取血,并使用市售试剂盒(MONOLISATM抗HBS)来测量HBsAg特异性抗体效价。
图18:非人灵长类中的体液应答。在第0周、第4周及第8周通过肌内注射单独用Engerix-B(10μg HBsAg;250μg Al3)或用其与0.5mg CPG7909或CPG 24555的组合对食蟹猴(3-5岁龄;n=5/组)进行免疫。对第2次免疫后第4周及第3次免疫后第2周的血浆使用硫氰酸钠乳液法测定抗体亲和力。
图19:非人灵长类中的T细胞应答。在第0周、第4周及第8周通过肌内注射单独用Engerix-B(10μg HBsAg;250μg Al3)或用其与0.5mg CPG7909或CPG 24555的组合对食蟹猴(3-5岁龄;n=5/组)进行免疫。在疫苗接种前、及在疫苗接种后的若干时间点,通过流式细胞术来测试外周血单核细胞(PBMC)中HBsAg特异性CD4 T细胞所介导的细胞内细胞因子分泌。图19A显示了IFN-γ的分泌。图19B显示了IL-2的分泌。图19C显示了TNF-α的分泌。
图20:T细胞应答:多功能CD4 T细胞;定量分析。在第0周、第4周及第8周通过肌内注射单独用Engerix-B(10μg HBsAg;250μg Al3)或用其与0.5mg CPG 7909或CPG 24555的组合对食蟹猴(3-5岁龄;n=5/组)进行免疫。对第3次免疫后第2周外周血单核细胞(PBMC)用流式细胞术来测试分泌一种、两种或三种细胞因子的HBsAg特异性CD4 T细胞。图20A显示了每一百万所分析的CD4 T细胞中分泌一种、两种或三种细胞因子的HBsAg特异性CD4 T细胞的数目。图20B显示了产生单、双及三细胞因子的T细胞在总HBsAg特异性CD4 T细胞群中的比例。
图21:T细胞应答:多功能CD4 T细胞;定性分析。测量了分泌IL-2、IFN-γ及TNFα或这些细胞因子组合的细胞的数目。在第0周、第4周及第8周通过肌内注射单独用Engerix-B(10μg HBsAg;250μg Al3)或用其与0.5mg CPG 7909或CPG 24555的组合对食蟹猴(3-5岁龄;n=5/组)进行免疫。对第3次免疫后第2周的外周血单核细胞(PBMC)用流式细胞术来测试分泌IL-2、IFN-γ及TNFα或这些细胞因子组合的HBsAg特异性CD4 T细胞的数目。
序列说明
SEQ ID NO:1-免疫刺激性寡核苷酸ODN CPG 24555的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:2-免疫刺激性寡核苷酸CPG 10103的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:3-免疫刺激性寡核苷酸CPG 7909的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:4-非CpG寡核苷酸22881的核苷酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:5-非CpG寡核苷酸2137的核苷酸序列。
发明详述
本发明各方面部分基于以下出人意料的发现:从免疫刺激性寡核苷酸移除CpG基序对该免疫刺激性寡核苷酸提高抗原特异性免疫应答的能力无负面影响。出人意料的是也发现所述CpG基序的移除使得可生成不同的抗原特异性T细胞群。具体而言,已发现所述抗原特异性T细胞群包含更多的IFN-γ分泌型T细胞及更多的多功能T细胞。
在本发明各方面中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸具有核酸序列5′TCGTCGTTTTTCGGTGCTTTT 3′(ODN CPG 24555;SEQ ID NO:1)。SEQID NO:1的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸核酸序列与此前报导的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸(ODN 10103)5′TCGTCGTTTTTCGGTCGTTTT 3′(SEQ ID NO:2)之的不同之处在于最靠近3′之的CG二核苷酸之的颠倒反转。该此两种免疫刺激性寡核苷酸之间活性的相似性具有令人惊奇惊人相似性,此乃因先前这是因为此前已有报导CpG寡核苷酸的之免疫刺激性活性取决于CpG基序之的数量数目、CG二核苷酸两侧之的序列、CpG基序之的位置以及CpG基序之间之的间距间隔(Ballas等人,1996,J.Immunol.157(5):1840-5;Hartmann等人,2000,J.Immunol.,164(3):1617-24;Klinman等人,2003,Clin.Exp.Immunol.,133(2):227-32)。如根据先前揭示内容所预期,移除免疫刺激性寡核苷酸CPG ODN 24555(SEQ ID NO:1)中最靠近3′之的CG二核苷酸的去除,并未像此前公开的内容所预期的那样不会对此对该免疫刺激性寡核苷酸提高抗原特异性免疫反应免疫应答之的能力产生负面影响。与CPGODN10103相比,CPGODN24555表现出类似的、且在某些情况下增强了的免疫刺激性活性。此外已发现,与CPGODN10103相比,CPGODN24555诱导不同的抗原特异性T细胞群(参见图8、表1及表2)。具体而言,出人意料地发现,与使用CPG ODN 10103或CPG ODN 7909所产生的抗原特异性T细胞群相比,使用CPG ODN 24555作为佐剂所产生的抗原特异性T细胞群(具体而言抗原特异性CD4+ T细胞群)包含更多的IFN-γ分泌T细胞和更多的多功能T细胞。
例如,与用CpG ODN 10103所获得抗原特异性CD4+ T细胞群相比,获得更高比例的产生IFN-γ的抗原特异性CD4+T细胞。与用CPG ODN10103或CPG ODN 7909所获得的抗原特异性CD4+ T细胞群相比,还可获得更高比例的产生IFN-γ及TNF-α二者、IFN-γ及IL-2二者或TNF-α及IL-2二者的多功能抗原特异性CD4+ T细胞、或者甚至是分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α及IL-2的三细胞因子产生细胞。与用CPG ODN 10103所获得抗原特异性CD8+ T细胞群相比,同样获得较高比例的产生TNF-α的抗原特异性CD8+ T细胞。与用CPG ODN 10103或CPG ODN 7909所获得的抗原特异性CD8+ T细胞群相比,还获得较高比例的产生IFN-γ及IL-2二者、TNF-α及IL-2二者的原特异性CD8+ T细胞、或者甚至是分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α及IL-2的三细胞因子产生细胞。
最近已突显出T细胞的多功能性在免疫原性方面的重要性。具体而言,在某些情形下,抗原特异性T细胞在产生趋化因子(例如IFN-γ、TNF-α及IL-2)方面的多功能性与其防卫潜力相关联(例如,参见Harari A等人,Immunol Rev.2006;211:236-54,Makedonas G及Betts MR.Springer SeminImmunopathol.2006;28(3):209-19,Precopio ML等人,J Exp Med.2007204(6):1405-16,Xu R等人,Vaccine.2008;26(37):4819-29),这被认为是由于其与仅分泌单一细胞因子的T细胞相比更好的效应子功能。
CPG ODN 24555被在用作佐剂时有利地使得产生多功能抗原特异性T细胞群,着在疫苗的设置中具有重要性。
免疫刺激性核酸可为双链或单链。通常,双链分子在体内更稳定,而单链分子具有提高的免疫活性。在本发明的某些方面,优选核酸为单链;而在另外的方面,优选核酸为双链。
术语“核酸”及“寡核苷酸”在本文中可互换使用,意指多个核苷酸,即包含与磷酸酯基团及可替换的有机碱相连的糖(例如核糖或脱氧核糖)的分子,所述有机碱是经取代的嘧啶(例如胞嘧啶(C)、胸苷(T)或尿嘧啶(U))或经取代的嘌呤(例如腺嘌呤(A)或鸟嘌呤(G))。如本文所用,该术语是指寡脱氧核糖核苷酸、寡核糖核苷酸(即去除磷酸酯的多核苷酸)及任何其他含有机碱的聚合物。核酸分子可得自已有的核酸来源(例如基因组或cDNA),但优选是合成的(例如通过核酸合成来产生的)。
在本发明的各方面,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸与天然RNA及DNA相比可涵盖各种化学修饰及取代,涉及核苷间磷酸二酯桥、β-D-核糖单元和/或天然核苷碱基(腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶、尿嘧啶)。化学修饰的例子是本领域技术人员已知的,并且在以下文献中有阐述,例如:Uhlmann E.等人(1990),Chem.Rev.90:543;“Protocols for Oligonucleotides and Analogs”Synthesis and Properties & Synthesis and Analytical Techniques,S.AgrawalEd.,Humana Press,Totowa,USA 1993;Crooke,S.T.等人(1996)Annu.Rev.Pharmacol.Toxicol.36:107-129;及Hunziker J.等人(1995),Mod.Synth.Methods 7:331-417。本发明寡核苷酸可具有一或多处修饰,其中各修饰与具有由天然DNA或RNA组成的相同序列的寡核苷酸相比位于特定核苷间磷酸二酯桥处和/或位于特定的β-D-核糖单元处和/或位于特定的天然核苷碱基的位置处。
在本发明各方面中,所述寡核苷酸可包含一或多处修饰。此种修饰可选自:a)用经修饰的核苷间桥替代位于核苷3′和/或5′末端的核苷间磷酸二酯桥,b)用去磷桥替代位于核苷3′和/或5′末端的磷酸二酯桥,c)用另一单元替代糖磷酸酯骨架中的糖磷酸酯单元,d)用经修饰的糖单元替代β-D-核糖单元,及e)天然核苷碱基的替代。
核酸也包括经取代的嘌呤和嘧啶,例如C-5丙炔嘧啶和7-去氮-7-经取代嘌呤修饰的碱基(Wagner等人,1996,Nat.Biotechnol.14:840-4)。嘌呤和嘧啶包括但不限于,腺嘌呤、胞嘧啶、鸟嘌呤、胸苷、5-甲基胞嘧啶、2-氨基嘌呤、2-氨基-6-氯嘌呤、2,6-二氨基嘌呤、次黄嘌呤、及其他天然及和非天然存在之的核碱基、经取代及和未经取代的之芳香族部分。其他该等此类修饰为熟习此项技术者本领域技术人员所熟知。
经修饰的碱基是化学上与通常在DNA及RNA中所发现的天然存在的碱基(例如T、C、G、A及U)不同的任何碱基,但它们与这些天然存在的碱基共有基本的化学结构。经修饰的核苷碱基可以是,例如选自次黄嘌呤、二氢尿嘧啶、假尿嘧啶、2-硫尿嘧啶、4-硫尿嘧啶、5-氨基尿嘧啶、5-(C1-C6)-烷基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-烯基尿嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-炔基尿嘧啶、5-(羟甲基)尿嘧啶、5-氯尿嘧啶、5-氟尿嘧啶、5-溴尿嘧啶、5-羟基胞嘧啶、5-(C1-C6)-烷基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-烯基胞嘧啶、5-(C2-C6)-炔基胞嘧啶、5-氯胞嘧啶、5-氟胞嘧啶、5-溴胞嘧啶、N2-二甲基鸟嘌呤、2,4-二胺氨基-嘌呤、8-氮杂嘌呤、经取代的7-去氮嘌呤、较佳优选7-去氮-7-取代的及和/或7-去氮-8-经取代的嘌呤、5-羟基甲基胞嘧啶、N4-烷基胞嘧啶(例如N4-乙基胞嘧啶)、5-羟基去脱氧胞苷、5-羟甲基脱去氧胞苷、N4-烷基去氧脱氧胞苷(例如N4-乙基去氧脱氧胞苷)、6-硫脱去氧鸟苷、硝基吡咯之的脱去氧核糖核苷、C5-丙炔基嘧啶、二胺氨基嘌呤(例如2,6-二胺氨基嘌呤)、肌苷、5-甲基胞嘧啶、2-胺氨基嘌呤、2-胺氨基-6-氯嘌呤、次黄嘌呤或天然核苷碱基之的其他修饰。此列表意欲具有是示例性实例性且的而不应被欲理解为是具有限制性的。在本发明的某些方面中,本文所述免疫刺激性寡核苷酸的CpG二核苷酸优选未甲基化。未甲基化的CpG基序是未甲基化的胞嘧啶-鸟嘌呤二核苷酸序列(即未甲基化的5′胞嘧啶及随后由磷酸键连接的3′鸟苷)。在另外的方面,CpG基序是经甲基化的。甲基化的CpG基序是甲基化的胞嘧啶-鸟嘌呤二核苷酸序列(即甲基化的5′胞嘧啶以及随后由磷酸键连接的3′鸟苷)。
在本发明的某些方面,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸可含有经修饰的胞嘧啶。经修饰的胞嘧啶是胞嘧啶的天然存在或非天然存在的嘧啶碱基类似物,其可替代此碱基而不损害该寡核苷酸的免疫刺激性活性。经修饰的胞嘧啶包括但不限于,5-取代胞嘧啶(例如5-甲基-胞嘧啶、5-氟-胞嘧啶、5-氯-胞嘧啶、5-溴-胞嘧啶、5-碘-胞嘧啶、5-羟基-胞嘧啶、5-羟甲基-胞嘧啶、5-二氟甲基-胞嘧啶、及未经取代或经取代的5-炔基-胞嘧啶)、6-取代胞嘧啶、N4-取代胞嘧啶(例如N4-乙基-胞嘧啶)、5-氮杂-胞嘧啶、2-巯基-胞嘧啶、异胞嘧啶、假异胞嘧啶、具有稠环体系的胞嘧啶类似物(例如N,N′-丙烯胞嘧啶或吩恶嗪)。某些优选的胞嘧啶包括5-甲基-胞嘧啶、5-氟-胞嘧啶、5-羟基-胞嘧啶、5-羟甲基-胞嘧啶、及N4-乙基-胞嘧啶。在本发明另一实施方案中,胞嘧啶碱基是经通用碱基(例如3-硝基吡咯、P-碱基)、芳香环体系(例如氟苯或二氟苯)或氢原子(无碱基间隔基(dSpacer))取代的。在某些方面中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸可含有尿嘧啶及/或和/或其衍生物(例如5-氟-尿嘧啶、5-溴-尿嘧啶、5-溴乙烯基-尿嘧啶、4-硫-尿嘧啶、5-羟基-尿嘧啶、5-丙炔基-尿发明的某些方面,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸可含有经修饰的鸟嘌呤。经修饰的鸟嘌呤是鸟嘌呤俄天然存在或非天然存在的嘌呤碱基类似物,其可替代此碱基而不损害该寡核苷酸的免疫刺激性活性。经修饰的鸟嘌呤包括(但不限于)7-去氮鸟嘌呤、7-去氮-7-取代鸟嘌呤、次黄嘌呤、N2-取代鸟嘌呤(例如N2-甲基-鸟嘌呤)、5-氨基-3-甲基-3H,6H-噻唑并[4,5-d]嘧啶-2,7-二酮、2,6-二氨基嘌呤、2-氨基嘌呤、嘌呤、吲哚、腺嘌呤、经取代的腺嘌呤(例如N6-甲基-腺嘌呤、8-氧代-腺嘌呤)、8-取代鸟嘌呤(例如8-羟基鸟嘌呤或8-溴鸟嘌呤)、及6-硫鸟嘌呤。在本发明的另一实施例实施方案中,鸟嘌呤碱基是经通用碱基(例如4-甲基-吲哚、5-硝基-吲哚、或K-碱基)、芳香环系统体系(例如苯并咪唑或二氯-苯并咪唑、1-甲基-1H-[1,2,4]三唑-3-甲酰胺)或氢原子(无碱基间隔子基)取代的。
在某些方面,寡核苷酸可包括经修饰的核苷酸间键。这些经修饰俄键可部分地抗降解(例如经稳定的)。“经稳定的核酸分子”应意指对体内降解(例如通过外切或内切核酸酶的)相对具有抗性的核酸分子。稳定性可以是长度或二级结构的函数。长数万至数十万碱基的核酸对体内降解相对具有抗性。对于较短核酸而言,二级结构可稳定且增强其效应。茎环结构的形成可稳定核酸分子。例如,如果核酸的3′末端对上游区域具有自身互补性从而其可向后折叠并形成茎环结构,则该核酸可变得稳定且展现出更多的活性。
核酸的稳定也可通过磷酸酯骨架的修饰来达成。在某些实施方案中,具有硫代磷酸酯键的寡核苷酸可提供最大活性并保护该寡核苷酸免受细胞内外切及内切核酸酶的降解。
对于体内应用,优选核酸对降解(例如通过内切及外切核酸酶的)相对具有抗性。已证实对核酸骨架的修饰可在体内施用时增强核酸的活性。二级结构如茎环等可针对降解而稳定核酸。或者,核酸稳定可通过磷酸酯骨架的修饰来达成。优选的经稳定的核酸具有至少部分硫代磷酸酯修饰的骨架。硫代磷酸酯可以通过采用氨基磷酸酯或H-磷酸酯化学方法的自动化技术来合成。芳基-及烷基-磷酸酯可以如例如美国专利No.4,469,863中所述来制备;且烷基磷酸三酯(其中带电的氧部分如美国专利No.5,023,243及欧洲专利No.092,574所述经烷基化)可通过自动化的固相合成使用市售的试剂来制备。制备其他DNA骨架修饰及取代的方法已有描述(Uhlmann,E.及Peyman,A.(1990),Chem.Rev.90:544;Goodchild,J.(1990)BioconjugateChem.1:165)。具有CpG基序的2′-O-甲基核酸也引起免疫活化,乙氧基修饰的CpG核酸也是如此。事实上,尚未发现任何骨架修饰可完全消除CpG效应,虽然可通过用5-甲基C替代C来显著降低该效应。具有硫代磷酸酯键的构建物提供最大活性并保护该核酸免受细胞内的外切及内切核酸酶的降解。其他经修饰的核酸包括磷酸二酯修饰的核酸、磷酸二酯与硫代磷酸酯核酸的组合、甲基磷酸酯、甲基硫代磷酸酯、二硫代磷酸酯、p-乙氧基、及其组合。这些组合中的每一种及其对免疫细胞的特定效应对于CpG核酸而言的更多细节在PCT公开专利申请PCT/US95/01570(WO 96/02555)及PCT/US97/19791(WO 98/18810)以及于2001年2月27日发布的美国专利No.6,194,388 B1及于2001年5月29日发布的美国专利No.6,239,116 B1中有论述。据信这些经修饰的核酸由于增强的核酸酶抗性、提高了的细胞吸收、提高了的蛋白质结合、和/或改变了的细胞内定位而可以展现出更多的刺激性活性。
对于体内施用,核酸可与某种分子相连,该分子可导致与靶细胞(例如B-细胞、单核细胞或天然杀伤(NK)细胞)表面的较高亲和力的结合和/或提高了的靶细胞的细胞吸收,从而形成“核酸递送复合物”。可使用本领域熟知的技术将核酸以离子方式或共价方式与适宜的分子相连。可使用多种偶合或交联剂,例如蛋白质A、碳二亚氨、或N-琥珀酰亚氨基-3-(2-吡啶基二硫)丙酸酯(SPDP)。或者可使用已知技术将核酸包囊于脂质体或病毒体中。
其他经稳定核酸包括但不限于,非离子型DNA类似物,如烷基-及芳基-磷酸酯(其中带电的磷酸酯氧被烷基或芳基替代)、磷酸二酯及烷基磷酸三酯(其中带电的氧部分被烷基化)。含有二醇(如四乙二醇或六乙二醇)的核酸在一个或两个末端处也被显示出实质上可抵抗核酸酶降解。在某些实施方案中,本发明免疫刺激性寡核苷酸可包括至少一个亲脂性经取代的核苷酸类似物和/或嘧啶-嘌呤二核苷酸。
寡核苷酸可具有一个或两个可及的5′末端。可产生具有两个此种可及5′末端的经修饰的寡核苷酸,例如,通过由3′-3′键连接两个寡核苷酸以产生具有一个或两个可及5′末端的寡核苷酸。该3′-3′键可以为磷酸二酯、硫代磷酸酯或任何其他经修饰的核苷间桥。达成此种键的方法为本领域所熟知。例如,此种等键已在以下文献中有阐述:Seliger,H.等人,Oligonucleotideanalogs with terminal 3′-3′-and 5′-5′-internucleotidic linkages as antisenseinhibitors of viral gene expression,Nucleosides & Nucleotides(1991),10(1-3),469-77;及Jiang等人,Pseudo-cyclic oligonucleotides:in vitro and in vivoproperties,Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry(1999),7(12),2727-2735。
此外,可使用额外的间隔区如三-或四-乙二醇磷酸酯部分来制备3′末端核苷之间的键并非磷酸二酯、硫代磷酸酯或其他经修饰桥的3′-3′连接的寡核苷酸(Durand,M.等人,Triple-helix formation by an oligonucleotidecontaining one(dA)12 and two(dT)12 sequences bridged by two hexaethyleneglycol chains,Biochemistry(1992),31(38),9197-204,美国专利No.5,658,738及美国专利No.5,668,265)。或者,该非核苷酸接头可用标准的亚磷酰胺化学方法而衍生自乙二醇、丙二醇或无碱基脱氧核糖(无碱基间隔基)单元(Fontanel,Marie Laurence等人,Sterical Recognition by T4 polynucleotidekinase of non-nucleosidic moieties 5′-attached to oligonucleotides;NucleicAcids Research(1994),22(11),2022-7)。可一次或多次掺入该非核苷酸接头,或可将其彼此组合,从而允许要连接的两个寡核苷酸的3′末端之间可具有任意期望的间距。
可用经修饰的核苷间桥来替代位于核苷3′和/或5′末端的核苷间磷酸二酯桥,其中经修饰的核苷间桥例如选自硫代磷酸酯、二硫代磷酸酯、NR1R2-氨基磷酸酯、硼烷磷酸酯、α-羟基苄基磷酸酯、磷酸-(C1-C21)-O-烷基酯、磷酸-[(C6-C12)芳基-(C1-C21)-O-烷基]酯、(C1-C8)烷基磷酸酯和/或(C6-C12)芳基磷酸酯桥、(C7-C12)-α-羟甲基-芳基(例如WO 95/01363中所公开的),其中(C6-C12)芳基、(C6-C20)芳基及(C6-C14)芳基任选地经卤素、烷基、烷氧基、硝基、氰基取代,且其中R1及R2彼此独立地为氢、(C1-C18)-烷基、(C6-C20)-芳基、(C6-C14)-芳基、(C1-C8)-烷基,优选为氢、(C1-C8)-烷基,优选为(C1-C4)-烷基和/或甲氧基乙基,或者R1与R2与携带其的氮原子一起形成可另外含有来自组O、S和N的另外的杂原子的5元或6元杂环。
用去磷桥来替代位于核苷3′和/或5′末端的磷酸二酯桥(去磷桥在例如以下文献中有阐述:Uhlmann E.及Peyman A.,“Methods in Molecular Biology”,第20卷,“Protocols for Oligonucleotides and Analogs”,S.AgrawalEd.,Humana Press,Totowa 1993,第16章,pp.355 ff),其中去磷桥例如选自以下去磷桥:甲缩醛、3′-硫代甲缩醛、甲基羟氨、肟、亚甲基二甲基-亚肼基、二甲砜和/或甲硅烷基。
本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸可任选具有嵌合骨架。嵌合骨架是一种包含超过一种类型键的骨架。在一个实施方案中,嵌合骨架可由下式表示:5′Y1N1ZN2Y23′。Y1及Y2是具有1至10个核苷酸的核酸分子。Y1及Y2各自包括至少一个经修饰的核苷酸间键。由于嵌合寡核苷酸中至少2个核苷酸包括骨架修饰,所以这些核酸是一类经稳定的免疫刺激性核酸的例子。
对于嵌合寡核苷酸而言,Y1与Y2被认为是彼此独立。这是指在同一分子中,Y1及Y2可各自具有或不具有彼此不同的序列及彼此不同的骨架键。在某些实施方案中,Y1和/或Y2具有3至8个核苷酸。N1及N2是具有0至5个核苷酸的核酸分子,只要N1ZN2总共具有至少6个核苷酸即可。N1ZN2的核苷酸具有磷酸二酯骨架且不包括具有经修饰骨架的核酸。Z是免疫刺激性核酸基序,其优选选自本文所列举的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸。
公式Y1N1ZN2Y2的中心核苷酸(N1ZN2)具有磷酸二酯核苷酸间键,且Y1及Y2具有至少一个经修饰的核苷酸间键,但可能具有超过一个经修饰的核苷酸间键,或者甚至可以具有所有经修饰的核苷酸间键。在优选的实施方案中,Y1和/或Y2具有至少两个或2至5个经修饰的核苷酸间键,或者Y1具有5个经修饰的核苷酸间键且Y2具有2个经修饰的核苷酸间键。在某些实施方案中,所述经修饰的核苷酸间键是硫代磷酸酯修饰的键、二硫代磷酸酯键或p-乙氧基修饰的键。
核酸也包括骨架糖共价连接至除了2′位置的羟基和5′位置的磷酸酯基以外的低分子量有机基团的核酸。因此,经修饰的核酸可包括2′-O-烷基化核糖基团。此外,经修饰的核酸可包括如阿拉伯糖或2′-氟阿拉伯糖等的糖来代替核糖。因此,各核酸可具有不同的骨架组成,由此含有连接在一起的聚合物单元的任何可能的组合,如肽-核酸(其具有氨基酸骨架及核酸碱基)。在某些实施方案中,核酸具有相同的骨架组成。
糖磷酸酯骨架中的糖磷酸酯单元(即β-D-核糖及核苷间磷酸二酯桥一起形成糖磷酸酯单元)(即糖磷酸酯骨架是由糖磷酸酯单元组成)可用另一单元来替代,其中所述另一单元例如可适合构建“吗啉代衍生物”寡聚体(例如,如Stirchak E.P.等人(1989),Nucleic Acid Res.17:6129-41所述),也就是例如用吗啉代衍生物来替代;或构建聚酰胺核酸(“PNA”;例如,如Nielsen P.E.等人(1994),Bioconjug.Chem.5:3-7所述),也就是例如用PNA骨架单元(例如2-氨基乙基甘氨酸)来替代。寡核苷酸可具有其他碳水化合物骨架修饰和替代,如具有磷酸酯基(PHONA)的肽核酸、锁定核酸(LNA)、以及骨架区段具有烷基接头或氨基接头的寡核苷酸。烷基接头可具有支链或无支链,经取代或未经取代,且为手性纯的或外消旋混合物。
β-核糖单元或β-D-2′脱氧核糖单元可用经修饰的糖单元来替代,其中所述经修饰的糖单元例如选自β-D-核糖、α-D-2′-脱氧核糖、L-2′-脱氧核糖、2′-F-2′-脱氧核糖、2′-F-阿拉伯糖、2′-O-(C1-C6)烷基-核糖,优选2′-O-(C1-C6)烷基-核糖是2′-O-甲基核糖、2′-O-(C1-C6)烯基-核糖、2′-[O-(C1-C6)烷基-O-(C1-C6)烷基]-核糖、2′-NH2-2′-脱氧核糖、β-D-二甲苯-呋喃糖、α-阿拉伯呋喃糖、2,4-二脱氧-β-D-赤-己-吡喃糖、碳环(例如Froehler J.(1992)Am.Chem.Soc.114:8320中所述)和/或开链糖类似物(例如Vandendriessche等人(1993),Tetrahedron 49:7223中所述)和/或二环糖类似物(例如Tarkoy M.等人(1993),Helv.Chim.Acta.76:481中所述)。
在某些实施方案中,所述糖是2′-O-甲基核糖,对于一个或两个由磷酸二酯或磷酸二酯样核苷间键连接的核苷酸而言尤其如此。
本发明的寡核苷酸可使用多种本领域熟知方法中的任一种来从头合成。例如,b-氰基乙基亚磷酰氨方法(Beaucage,S.L及Caruthers,M.H.,(1981)Tet.Let.22:1859);核苷H-磷酸酯方法(Garegg等人,(1986)Tet.Let.27:4051-4054;Froehler等人,(1986)Nucl.Acid Res.14:5399-5407;Garegg等人,(1986)27:4055-4058;Gaffney等人,(1988)Tet.Let.29:2619-2622)。这些化学方法可用多种市售自动化核酸合成器来实施。这些寡核苷酸被称作合成寡核苷酸。或者,可在质粒中大规模制备富含T的核酸和/或TG二核苷酸(参见Sambrook T.等人,“Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual”,Cold Spring Harbor laboratory Press,New York,1989),并分离成较小部分或以完整质粒来施用。可由已存在的核酸序列(例如基因组或cDNA)使用已知技术来制备核酸,例如哪些采用限制性酶、外切核酸酶或内切核酸酶的技术。
在本发明的实施方案中,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸中的所有核苷酸间键均为硫代磷酸酯键。
诸如硫代磷酸酯等经修饰的骨架可通过采用氨基磷酸酯或H-磷酸酯化学方法的自动化技术来合成。芳基-及烷基-磷酸酯可如例如美国专利No.4,469,863中所述来制备,且烷基磷酸三酯(其中带电氧部分是如美国专利No.5,023,243中所述来烷基化)可通过自动化固相合成使用市售试剂来制备。制备其他DNA骨架修饰及取代方法已有描述(例如Uhlmann,E.及Peyman,A.,Chem.Rev.90:544,1990;Goodchild,J.,Bioconjugate Chem.1:165,1990)。
以此方式制备的核酸被称作分离的核酸。“分离的核酸”一般是指从细胞、从细胞核、从线粒体或从染色质中与其一起的组份及任何其他可视作污染物的组份分开的核酸。
在实施方案中,本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸由5′T*C*G*T*C*G*T*T*T*T*T*C*G*G*T*G*C*T*T*T*T 3′构成,其中*表示硫代磷酸酯键。
在实施方案中,本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸诱导高比例的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞分泌IFN-γ。在实施方案中,本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸能在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞群中诱导至少40%、优选至少45%、更优选至少50%、更优选约53%的抗原特异性CD4+T-细胞来分泌IFN-γ。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定所述分泌IFN-γ的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞的比例。此确定的例子在本文的实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。
在实施方案中,本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸能在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞群中诱导至少10%、优选至少15%、更优选至少20%、更优选约22%的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞来分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定所述分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的多功能抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞的比例。此确定的例子在本文的实施例1中有公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。
在实施方案中,本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸能在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞群中诱导至少30%、优选至少40%、更优选至少45%、更优选约47%的抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞来分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定所述分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的多功能抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞的比例。此确定的例子在本文的实施例1中有公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。
本发明的核酸可被用作独立疗法。独立疗法是可通过施用单一的药剂或组合物来达成预防性或治疗性有益结果的疗法。因此,可单独使用本文所公开的核酸来预防或治疗传性染病因为这些核酸能诱导对此类疾病的治疗结果有益的免疫应答。本文所提及的某些方法涉及这些核酸组合其他治疗药剂的用途。
可在疫苗中使用本发明的核酸。当用于疫苗中时,核酸可与抗原一起施用。抗原对要预防或治疗的病症优选具有特异性。例如,若所述病症是传染病,则抗原优选源自传染性生物体(例如细菌、病毒、寄生虫、真菌等);若所述病症涉及自身抗原(例如肿瘤、神经变性病症如阿尔茨海默病等,针对人类抗体的抗原、或自人类内源性逆转录病毒元件所表达的抗原),则抗原优选源自与该抗原相关的特定病症。若所述病症涉及成瘾性物质,则抗原优选源自与该抗原(例如尼古丁半抗原)相关的特定成瘾性物质。
本文所用术语“病症”及“疾病”可互换使用。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及在治疗或预防疾病的疫苗中被用作佐剂的本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中所述疫苗包含至少一种抗原且其中所述疾病可从多功能抗原特异性T细胞的生成中受益。
已发现,与用CPG ODN 10103所获得的抗原特异性CD4+ T细胞群相比,CPG ODN 24555可诱导更高比例的产生IFN-γ的抗原特异性CD4+ T细胞。与用CPG ODN 10103或CPG ODN 7909所获得的抗原特异性CD4+T细胞群相比,同样可获得更高比例的产生IFN-γ及TNF-α二者、IFN-γ及IL-2二者、TNF-α及IL-2二者的多功能抗原特异性CD4+ T细胞、或者甚至产生IFN-γ、TNF-α及IL-2的三细胞因子产生细胞。与用CPG ODN10103或CPG ODN 7909所获得的抗原特异性CD8+ T细胞群相比,还可获得更高比例的产生IFN-γ及IL-2二者、TNF-α及IL-2二者的多功能抗原特异性CD8+ T细胞、或者甚至产生IFN-γ、TNF-α及IL-2的三细胞因子产生细胞。
在多种疾病中均涉及IFN-γ、TNF-α及IL-2。例如,癌症涉及TNF-α而传染病如病毒感染等涉及IFN-γ。因此,在实施方案中,本发明涉及在治疗或预防癌症的疫苗中被用作佐剂的本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸。在实施方案中,本发明涉及在治疗或预防癌症的疫苗中被用作佐剂的本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中所述疫苗包含至少一种肿瘤抗原,优选为本文所公开的任意的肿瘤抗原。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及在治疗或预防传染病的疫苗中被用作佐剂的本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸。在实施方案中,本发明涉及在治疗或预防传染病的疫苗中被用作佐剂的本发明免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中所述疫苗包含至少一种微生物抗原,优选为本文所公开的任意微生物抗原。
免疫刺激性寡核苷酸可在本发明某些方面中被用作预防感染(即传染病)、与自身抗原相关的病症、或与成瘾性物质相关的病症的预防性疫苗。优选地,在未诊断出患有疫苗所针对病况的对象中使用预防性疫苗接种,且更优选的是被视为具有发展出这些病况之一的风险的对象。例如,所述对象可以是具有发展出经传染性生物体感染的风险、或易患与自身抗原相关的病症、或易患与成瘾性物质相关病症的对象。
如本文所用的具有风险的对象是具有任何暴露于引起感染的病原体、与自身抗原相关的病症、或与成瘾性物质相关的病症的风险的对象。具有风险的对象还包括具有发生这些病症倾向的对象。某些倾向可能是遗传性的(且因此可通过遗传分析或家族病史来确定)。某些倾向是环境性的(例如此前曾暴露于传染原、自身抗原或成瘾性物质)。对于具有发展出感染的风险的对象来说,此种对象的例子为居住在可发现或已发现特定类型传染原的区域或预期要旅行至该区域的对象,或者可以是因生活方式或医疗过程而直接暴露于生物体或通过接触可能含有传染性生物体的体液而间接暴露于该生物体的对象。具有发展出感染风险的对象还包括医疗机构建议针对特定传染性生物体实施疫苗接种的一般人群。
对象是由兽医学治疗的对象、啮齿动物或非啮齿动物对象。非啮齿动物对象包括但不限于,人类或脊椎动物,例如犬、猫、马、牛、猪、绵羊、山羊、鸡、灵长类(例如猴子)及鱼(水生物种,例如鲑鱼)。啮齿动物对象包括但不限于,大鼠及小鼠。在某些实施方案中,对象为人类。
也可将无免疫刺激性的寡核苷酸给予无抗原的对象用于针对感染的较短期的保护。在此情形下,重复给药使得可达到更长期的保护。
患有感染的对象是已暴露于传染性病原体且体内或身体排出物中具有急性或慢性可检测水平的病原体的对象。在治疗性使用时,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸可独立使用或与另外的治疗药剂组合使用。例如,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸可与抗原一起以治疗性方式使用以产生抗原特异性的全身或粘膜免疫应答,其能降低传染病原体的水平或根除该传染病原体。
如本文所用,传染病是因体内存在外来微生物而产生的疾病。其对研发保护身体粘膜表面的有效疫苗策略及治疗尤为重要,粘膜表面是病原体进入的主要位点。
与自身抗原相关的病症是任何由对象自身细胞或细胞产物中可引起该对象免疫应答的抗原所引起的病症。例如,在某些实施方案中,自身抗原是肿瘤抗原、与阿尔茨海默病有关的抗原、针对抗体的抗原、或由人类内源性逆转录病毒元件所表达的抗原。肿瘤抗原可以是HER2、MAGE、NYESO-1、PSA、CEA或EGFR的变体形式。与阿尔茨海默病有关的抗原可以是τ-或β-淀粉状蛋白。针对抗体俄抗原可以是针对人类抗体的抗原,例如在某些实施方案中所述抗原为IgE。
在某些实施方案中,所述肿瘤抗原为MAGE A1、MAGE A2、MAGE A3、MAGE A4、MAGE A6、MAGE A10、MAGE A12、HAGE(CT13)、BAGE、BORIS、SSX-2、LAGE-1、CAMEL(LAGE-1 alt阅读框)、GAGE 1,2,3、TRAG-3、NY-ESO-1、Melan-A/MART-1、酪氨酸酶、tyrp1(gp75)、tyrp2、gp100/pmel17、PAP、PSA、CEA、Ep-CAM、PSMA、MUC1、MUC2、HER-2、AFP、EphA2、FGF-5、htert、iCE、Livin(ML-IAP)、RAGE、RU2、存活蛋白、存活蛋白2B、WT1、Thomsen-Friedenreich(TF)抗原、5T4、PSCA、STEAP、TGR、亲脂素(Adipophilin)、AIM-2、G250、OGT、TGFaRII、CO-95(KIAA1416)、CO-94(seb4D)、CO-9(HDAC 5)、CO-61(HIP1R)、CO-58(KNSL6)、CO-45、CO-42(TRIP4)、CO-41(MBD2)、Ren-32(Lamin C)、TNKL(BC-203)、CO-26(MNK 1)、SDCCAG3、GA733-2、STn、CA125、EGFRvIII、BCR-abl、高亲和力叶酸盐受体、间皮素(Mesothelin)、hCG、FAP α、细胞周期蛋白1、拓扑异构酶、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(Serpin)B5/乳腺丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(Maspin)、豆类天冬氨酸蛋白内切酶(Legumain)、CDK4、PRAME、ADAM 17、EDDR1、CDC2、复制蛋白A、CDK2、GM2、Globo H、TF(c)、Ley、Tn(c)、STn(c)、GD2、GD3或GD3L。
与成瘾性物质相关的病症是任何涉及可导致对象对成瘾性物质产生成瘾性的化学或生物物质的病症。例如,在某些实施方案中,成瘾性物质可以是尼古丁或可卡因。在某些实施方案中,尼古丁抗原可以是与载体结合的尼古丁半抗原。在某些实施方案中,与尼古丁半抗原结合的载体是白喉毒素。
本文所用术语“治疗”、“经治疗”或“在治疗”在用于传染病时是指提高对象(具有感染风险的对象)对病原体感染的抗性或者说降低对象受到病原体感染可能性的预防性治疗,以及在对象(已感染对象)被感染后用于抵抗感染(例如降低或消除感染或防止感染加剧)的治疗。
术语“治疗”、“经治疗”或“在治疗”在用于与自身抗原相关的病症时是指提高对象(具有患与自身抗原相关病症的风险的对象)对发生此种病症的抗性或降低对象发生与自身抗原相关病症的可能性的预防性治疗,以及在对象(具有患与自身抗原相关病症风险的对象)已发生此种病症或开始出现发生此种病症的体征或症状后降低病症影响(例如降低或消除与病症相关的体征或症状或防止其加剧)的治疗。
术语“治疗”、“经治疗”或“在治疗”在用于与成瘾性物质相关病症时是指提高对象(具有患与成瘾性物质相关病症风险的对象)对发生此种病症的抗性或降低对象发生与成瘾性物质相关病症可能性的预防性治疗,以及在对象(具有患与成瘾性物质相关病症风险的对象)已发生此种病症或开始出现发生此种病症的体征或症状后降低病症影响(例如降低或消除病症相关体征或症状或防止其加剧)的治疗。
用本文所述的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸治疗对象可导致降低感染或完全消除感染,减少与与自身抗原相关病症的相关体征/症状或完全消除该病症,或减少与成瘾性物质相关病症的相关体征/症状或完全消除该病症。若这些传染病、与自身抗原相关病症或与成瘾性物质相关病症的相关症状因所述治疗而减少、受到控制或被消除,则可将对象看做经治疗。对于传染病,所述治疗也涵盖降低对象中所存在传染原的数量(例如此数量可使用诸如ELISA等本领域技术人员已知的标准测定方法来测量)。对于与自身抗原相关的病症,所述治疗也涵盖降低对象中所存在自身抗原的数量或减少因自身抗原所诱导的免疫应答。对于与成瘾性物质相关的病症,该治疗也涵盖减少与对成瘾性物质的成瘾性相关的体征/症状。
本文所用“抗原”是能激发免疫应答的分子。抗原包括但不限于,细胞、细胞提取物、蛋白质、重组蛋白、纯化蛋白、多肽、肽、多糖、多糖缀合物、多糖的肽及非肽模拟物及其他质粒DNA编码的分子、半抗原、小分子、脂质、糖脂、碳水化合物、全灭活病原体、病毒及病毒提取物、活的减毒病毒或病毒载体、活的减毒细菌或细菌载体及多细胞生物体,例如寄生虫及变应原。术语抗原广义上包括可由宿主免疫系统识别为外来物的任何类型的分子。抗原包括但不限于,微生物抗原、自身抗原及成瘾性物质。
在某些方面,抗原与载体结合。在某些实施方案中,载体是白喉毒素或病毒样颗粒。在某些实施方案中,病毒样颗粒包括RNA噬菌体Q-β、乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、或乙型肝炎核心抗原(HBcAg)。
本文所用“微生物抗原”是微生物的抗原且包括但不限于,病毒、细菌、寄生虫及真菌。在某些实施方案中,细菌抗原与细菌金黄色葡萄球菌相关。在另外的实施方案中,细菌抗原与引起龋齿的细菌相关,例如变异链球菌、龋齿链球菌、血链球菌、嗜酸乳杆菌或粘液放线菌。在某些实施方案中,细菌抗原与引起牙周病的细菌相关,例如牙龈卟啉单胞菌或伴放线放线杆菌。在某些实施方案中,病毒抗原与呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、单纯疱疹病毒1(HSV1)、单纯疱疹病毒2(HSV2)或人类免疫缺陷病毒-1(HIV-1)或HIV-2相关。在某些实施方案中,寄生虫抗原与引起疟疾的寄生虫相关。
此类抗原包括完整的微生物以及其天然分离物及片段或衍生物,以及与天然微生物抗原相同或类似且可诱导对该微生物具有特异性的免疫应答的合成化合物。若化合物可诱导针对天然微生物抗原的免疫应答(体液和/或细胞),则该化合物类似于该天然微生物抗原。此类抗原为本领域所常用且为本领域技术人员所熟知。
在本发明的某些方面,对象“暴露于”抗原中。本文所用术语“暴露于”是指使对象主动接触抗原的步骤或对象被动暴露于体内抗原。使对象主动暴露于抗原的方法为本领域所熟知。一般而言,通过任何方式将抗原直接施用给对象,例如静脉内、肌内、口服、经皮、粘膜、鼻内、气管内、或皮下施用。可局部或全身施用抗原。施用抗原及免疫刺激性寡核苷酸的方法在下文更详细的描述。若使抗原暴露于体内免疫细胞,则对象就会被动暴露于抗原中。例如,可通过使外来病原体进入体内来使对象被动暴露于抗原。
使对象被动暴露于抗原的方法可特别取决于施用免疫刺激性寡核苷酸的时机。例如,在具有发生传染病风险的对象中,可在风险最大时定期向该对象施用免疫刺激性寡核苷酸。此外,可在旅行者旅行至可使其具有暴露于传染原风险的外地之前向其施用免疫刺激性寡核苷酸。也可向具有暴露于生物战风险的士兵或市民施用免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,以在对象暴露于抗原时诱导针对抗原的全身或粘膜免疫应答。
已在人类中发现的病毒的例子包括但不限于:逆转录病毒科(Retroviridae)(例如人类免疫缺陷病毒,如HIV-1(亦称作HTLV-III、LAV或HTLV-III/LAV或HIV-III;及其他分离物,例如HIV-LP);细小RNA病毒科(Picornaviridae)(例如脊髓灰质炎病毒、甲型肝炎病毒;肠道病毒、人类柯萨奇病毒(Coxsackie virus)、鼻病毒、埃克病毒(echovirus));嵌杯病毒科(Caliciviridae)(例如引起胃肠炎的菌株);披膜病毒科(Togaviridae)(例如马脑炎病毒、风疹病毒);黄病毒科(Flaviridae)(例如登革热病毒(dengue virus)、昏睡性脑炎病毒、黄热病毒);冠状病毒科(Coronaviridae)(例如冠状病毒);弹状病毒科(Rhabdoviridae)(例如水疱性口炎病毒、狂犬病病毒);纤丝病毒科(Filoviridae)(例如埃博拉病毒(ebola viruses));副粘液病毒科(Paramyxoviridae)(例如副流感病毒、腮腺炎病毒、麻疹病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒);正粘病毒科(Orthomyxoviridae)(例如流感病毒);布尼亚病毒科(Bungaviridae)(例如汉坦病毒(Hantaan virus)、布尼亚病毒(bunya virus)、白蛉病毒(phlebovirus)及内罗毕病毒(Nairo virus));沙粒病毒科(Arenaviridae)(出血热病毒);呼肠病毒科(Reoviridae)(例如呼肠孤病毒、环状病毒(orbiviurs)及轮状病毒);双RNA病毒科(Birnaviridae);嗜肝DNA病毒科(Hepadnaviridae)(乙型肝炎病毒);细小病毒科(Parvoviridae)(细小病毒);乳多瘤病毒科(Papovaviridae)(乳头状瘤病毒、多瘤病毒);腺病毒科(Adenoviridae)(大多数腺病毒);疱疹病毒科(Herpesviridae)(单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)1及2、水痘带状疱疹病毒、巨细胞病毒(CMV)、疱疹病毒);痘病毒科(Poxviridae)(天花病毒、痘苗病毒、痘病毒);及虹膜病毒科(Iridoviridae)(例如非洲猪瘟病毒);及未分类病毒(例如海绵状脑病的病原体、δ肝炎的病原体(认为是乙型肝炎病毒的缺陷型卫星体)、非甲非乙型肝炎病原体(1类=内部传播;2类=肠胃外传播(即丙型肝炎);诺瓦克病毒(Norwalk)及相关病毒、及星状病毒)。在某些实施方案中,病毒是呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、单纯疱疹病毒1(HSV1)、单纯疱疹病毒2(HSV2)、人类免疫缺陷病毒-1(HIV1)或HIV2。
尽管本文所述多种微生物抗原涉及人类病症,但本发明亦可用于治疗其他非人脊椎动物。非人脊椎动物也能发生感染,其可用本文所公开的免疫刺激性核酸来预防或治疗。例如,除传染性人类疾病的治疗外,本发明的方法可用于治疗动物感染。
在脊椎动物中使用革兰氏阴性及革兰氏阳性细菌作为抗原。这些革兰氏阳性细菌包括但不限于,巴斯德菌属(Pasteurella)物种、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococci)物种,及链球菌属(Streptococcus)物种。革兰氏阴性细菌包括但不限于,大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)物种、及沙门菌属(Salmonella)物种。传染性细菌的具体例子包括但不限于,幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori)、伯氏疏螺旋体(Borelia burgdorferi)、嗜肺军团菌(Legionella pneumophilia)、分支杆菌(Mycobacteria)物种(例如结核分枝杆菌(M.tuberculosis)、鸟分支杆菌(M.avium)、胞内分支杆菌(M.intracellulare)、堪萨斯分支杆菌(M.kansaii)、戈登分支杆菌(M.gordonae))、金黄色葡萄球菌、淋病奈瑟球菌(Neisseria gonorrhoeae)、脑膜炎奈瑟球菌(Neisseriameningitidis)、单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes)、酿脓链球菌(Streptococcus pyogenes)(A组链球菌)、无乳链球菌(Streptococcusagalactiae)(B组链球菌)、链球菌(草绿色链球菌(viridans)组)、粪链球菌(Streptococcus faecalis)、牛链球菌(Streptococcus bovis)、链球菌(厌氧物种)、肺炎链球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)、病原性弯曲杆菌属(Campylobacter)物种、肠杆菌属(Enterococcus)物种、流感嗜血菌(Haemophilus influenzae)、炭疽芽孢杆菌(Bacillus anthracis)、白喉棒杆菌(Corynebacteriumdiphtheriae)、棒杆菌属(Corynebacterium)物种、红斑丹毒丝菌(Erysipelothrixrhusiopathiae)、产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens)、破伤风梭菌(Clostridium tetani)、产气肠杆菌(Enterobacter aerogenes)、肺炎克雷伯菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)、多杀巴斯德菌(Pasturella multocida)、拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)物种、具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum)、念珠状链杆菌(Streptobacillus moniliformis)、苍白密螺旋体(Treponema pallidium)、细弱密螺旋体(Treponema pertenue)、钩端螺旋体属(Leptospira)、立克次体属(Rickettsia)、及伊斯雷尔放线菌(Actinomyces israeli)。在某些实施方案中,细菌是引起龋齿的细菌,例如变异链球菌、龋齿链球菌、血链球菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、或粘液放线菌。在其他实施方案中,细菌是引起牙周病的细菌,例如牙龈卟啉单胞菌或伴放线放线杆菌。
细菌病原体多肽包括但不限于,引起疖病的杀鲑气单胞菌(Aeromonissalmonicida)的铁调外膜蛋白(IROMP)、外膜蛋白(OMP)、及A-蛋白;引起细菌性肾病(BKD)的鲑鱼肾菌(Renibacterium salmoninarum)的p57蛋白;耶尔森氏菌(Yersiniosis)的主要表面相关抗原(msa)、表面表达细胞毒素(mpr)、表面表达溶血素(ish)、及鞭毛抗原;巴斯德菌的细胞外蛋白(ECP)、IROMP、及结构蛋白;鳗弧菌(Vibrosis anguillarum)及病海弧菌(V.ordalii)的OMP及鞭毛蛋白;鲶鱼爱德华菌(Edwardsiellosis ictaluri)及缓慢爱德华菌(E.tarda)的鞭毛蛋白、OMP蛋白、aroA及purA;及小瓜虫属(Ichthyophthirius)的表面抗原;及柱状嗜纤维菌(Cytophaga columnari)的结构及调节蛋白;及立克次体属的结构及调节蛋白。
真菌的例子包括新型隐球菌(Cryptococcus neoformans)、荚膜组织胞浆菌(Histoplasma capsulatum)、粗球孢子菌(Coccidioides immitis)、皮炎芽生菌(Blastomyces dermatitidis)、沙眼衣原体(Chlamydia trachomatis)、白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)。其他传染性生物体(即原生生物)包括疟原虫属(Plasmodium spp.),例如恶性疟原虫(Plasmodium falciparum)、三日疟原虫(Plasmodium malariae)、卵形疟原虫(Plasmodium ovale)、间日疟原虫(Plasmodium vivax)及鼠弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii)。血源性和/或组织寄生虫包括疟原虫属、果氏巴贝虫(Babesia microti)、分歧巴贝虫(Babesiadivergens)、热带利什曼原虫(Leishmania tropica)、利什曼原虫属(Leishmaniaspp.)、巴西利什曼原虫(Leishmania braziliensis)、杜氏利什曼原虫(Leishmaniadonovani)、冈比亚锥虫(Trypanosoma gambiense)及罗德西亚锥虫(Trypanosoma rhodesiense)(非洲昏睡病)、克鲁斯锥虫(Trypanosoma cruzi)(南美洲锥虫病(Chagas′disease))、及鼠弓形虫。在某些实施方案中,寄生虫与疟疾相关。其他医学相关微生物已在文献中有广泛描述,例如参见C.G.AThomas,Medical Microbiology,Bailliere Tindall,Great Britain 1983。
治疗非人脊椎动物的多种疫苗在Bennett,K.,Compendium of VeterinaryProducts,第3版,NorthAmerican Compendiums公司,1995中有描述。如上所述,抗原包括传染性微生物,例如病毒、寄生虫、细菌及真菌及其得自天然来源或以合成方式获得的片段。人类及非人脊椎动物的传染性病毒包括逆转录病毒、RNA病毒及DNA病毒。此逆转录病毒组包括简单逆转录病毒及复杂逆转录病毒二者。简单逆转录病毒包括B型逆转录病毒、C型逆转录病毒及D型逆转录病毒亚组。B型逆转录病毒的例子有小鼠乳房肿瘤病毒(MMTV)。C型逆转录病毒包括C型A类(包括劳斯肉瘤病毒(Roussarcoma virus)(RSV)、禽白血病病毒(ALV)、及禽髓母细胞白血病病毒(AMV))及C型B类(包括猫白血病病毒(FeLV)、长臂猿白血病病毒(GALV)、脾坏死病毒(SNV)、网状内皮组织增殖病病毒(RV)及猿猴肉瘤病毒(SSV))亚组。D型逆转录病毒包括Mason-Pfizer猴病毒(MPMV)及猿猴逆转录病毒1型(SRV-1)。复杂逆转录病毒包括慢病毒、T-细胞白血病病毒及泡沫病毒亚组。慢病毒包括HIV-1,且还包括HIV-2、SIV、绵羊髓鞘脱落病毒(Visna virus)、猫免疫缺陷病毒(FIV)、及马传染性贫血病毒(EIAV)。T-细胞白血病病毒包括HTLV-1、HTLV-II、猿猴T-细胞白血病病毒(STLV)、及牛白血病病毒(BLV)。泡沫病毒包括人类泡沫病毒(HFV)、猿猴泡沫病毒(SFV)及牛泡沫病毒(BFV)。
作为脊椎动物抗原的其他RNA病毒的例子包括但不限于,呼肠病毒科成员,包括正呼肠孤病毒属(Orthoreovirus)(哺乳动物及禽逆转录病毒二者的多种血清型)、环状病毒属(蓝舌病毒(Bluetongue virus)、尤比纳奇病毒(Eugenangee virus)、克麦罗沃病毒(Kemerovo virus)、非洲马瘟病毒、及科罗拉多壁虱热病毒(Colorado Tick Fever virus))、轮状病毒属(人类轮状病毒、内布拉斯加牛腹泻病毒(Nebraska calf diarrhea virus)、猿猴轮状病毒、牛或羊轮状病毒、禽轮状病毒);细小RNA病毒科,包括肠道病毒属(脊髓灰质炎病毒、柯萨奇病毒A及B、人肠道细胞病变孤儿(ECHO)病毒、甲型肝炎病毒、猿猴肠道病毒、鼠脑脊髓炎(ME)病毒、鼠脊髓灰质炎病毒、牛肠道病毒、猪肠道病毒、心病毒(Cardiovirus)属(脑心肌炎病毒(Encephalomyocarditis virus)(EMC)、门哥病毒(Mengovirus))、鼻病毒属(人鼻病毒,其包括至少113种亚型;其他鼻病毒)、口蹄疫病毒属(Apthovirus)(口蹄疫(FMDV));嵌杯病毒科,包括猪水疱疹病毒(Vesicular exanthema of swinevirus)、圣米格尔海狮病毒(San Miguel sea lion virus)、猫小核糖核酸病毒(Feline picornavirus)及诺瓦克病毒;披膜病毒科,包括甲病毒属(Alphavirus)(东方马脑炎病毒、西门力克森林病毒(Semliki forest virus)、辛德比斯病毒(Sindbis virus)、切昆贡亚病毒(Chikungunya virus)、奥尼永尼永病毒(O′Nyong-Nyong virus)、罗斯河病毒(Ross river virus)、委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒(Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus)、西方马脑炎病毒)、黄病毒属(Flavivirus)(蚊媒黄热病毒(Mosquito borne yellow fever virus)、登革热病毒、日本昏睡性脑炎病毒、圣路易斯昏睡性脑炎病毒、墨累河谷昏睡性脑炎病毒(Murray Valley encephalitis virus)、西尼罗病毒(West Nile virus)、库宁病毒(Kunjin virus)、中欧蜱媒病毒(Central European tick borne virus)、远东蜱媒病毒(Far Eastern rick borne virus)、科萨努尔森林病毒(Kyasanur forest virus)、路平III型病毒(Louping III virus)、波瓦森病毒(Powassan virus)、鄂木斯克出血热病毒(Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus))、风疹病毒属(Rubivirus)(风疹病毒)、瘟病毒属(Pestivirus)(粘膜病病毒、猪霍乱病毒(Hog cholera virus)、边缘病病毒(Border disease virus));布尼亚病毒科,包括布尼亚病毒属(Bunyavirus)(布尼亚维拉病毒(Bunyamwera)及相关病毒、加利福尼亚脑炎(California encephalitis)类病毒)、白蛉病毒属(白蛉热西西里病毒(Sandflyfever Sicilian virus)、立夫特山谷热病毒(Riff Valley fever virus))、内罗毕病毒属(克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒(Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus)、内罗毕绵羊病病毒(Nairobi sheep disease virus))、及吴孔病毒属(Uukuvirus)(吴孔涅米病毒(Uukuniemi)及相关病毒);正粘病毒科,包括流感病毒属(A型流感病毒、多种人类亚型);猪流感病毒、及禽及马流感病毒;B型流感(多种人类亚型)、及C型流感(可能的独立属);副粘液病毒科,包括副粘病毒属(Paramyxovirus)(1型副流感病毒、仙台病毒(Sendai virus)、血细胞吸附病毒(Hemadsorption virus)、2至5型副流感病毒、新城疫病毒(NewcastleDisease Virus)、腮腺炎病毒)、麻疹病毒属(Morbillivirus)(麻疹病毒、亚急性硬化性全脑炎病毒(subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus)、温热病病毒(distemper virus)、牛瘟病毒(Rinderpest virus))、肺炎病毒属(Pneumovirus)(呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、牛呼吸道合胞病毒及肺炎病毒);弹状病毒科,包括水疱病毒属(Vesiculovirus)(VSV)(水疱性口炎-印度病毒属(Chandipuravirus)、费兰杜-哈克公园病毒(Flanders-Hart Park virus))、狂犬病病毒属(Lyssavirus)(狂犬病病毒)、鱼弹状病毒、及两种可能的弹状病毒(马尔堡病毒(Marburg virus)及埃博拉病毒);沙粒病毒科,包括淋巴细胞性脉络丛脑膜炎病毒(Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus)(LCM)、塔卡里伯病毒(Tacaribevirus)复合体、及拉沙病毒(Lassa virus);冠状病毒科,包括传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)、肝炎病毒、人肠道日晷形病毒(Human enteric corona virus)、及猫传染性腹膜炎(猫冠状病毒)。
作为脊椎动物抗原的说明性DNA病毒包括但不限于,痘病毒科,包括正痘病毒属(Orthopoxvirus)(重型天花(Variola major)、类天花(Variola minor)、猴痘病毒(Monkey pox Vaccinia)、牛痘、水牛痘、兔痘、鼠痘)、兔病毒属(Leporipoxvirus)(粘液瘤(Myxoma)、纤维瘤(Fibroma))、禽痘病毒属(Avipoxvirus)(鸡痘、其他禽痘病毒)、山羊痘病毒属(Capripoxvirus)(绵羊痘、山羊痘)、猪痘病毒属(Suipoxvirus)(猪痘)、副痘病毒属(Parapoxvirus)(绵羊接触性脓疱皮炎病毒、假牛痘、小牛侵蚀性口炎病毒);虹膜病毒科(非洲猪瘟病毒、蛙病毒2及3、鱼淋巴囊肿病毒);疱疹病毒科,包括α-疱疹病毒(单纯疱疹1型及2型、水痘带状疱疹、马流产病毒(Equine abortion virus)、马疱疹病毒2及3、假狂犬病病毒、牛传染性角结膜炎病毒、牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒、猫鼻气管炎病毒、禽传染性喉气管炎病毒)、β-疱疹病毒(人类巨细胞病毒、及猪及猴巨细胞病毒);γ-疱疹病毒(爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒(Epstein-Barrvirus)(EBV)、马雷克病疱疹病毒(Marek′s disease virus)、松鼠猴疱疹病毒、蛛猴疱疹病毒、棉尾兔疱疹病毒、荷兰猪疱疹病毒、蛙肾瘤病毒(Lucke tumorvirus));腺病毒科,包括哺乳动物腺病毒属(Mastadenovirus)(人类A、B、C、D、E亚组及未分组病毒;猿猴腺病毒(至少23种血清型)、犬传染性肝炎、及牛、猪、绵羊、蛙及多种其他物种的腺病毒、禽腺病毒属(Aviadenovirus)(禽腺病毒);及不可接种腺病毒;乳多瘤病毒科,包括乳头状瘤病毒属(人类乳头状瘤病毒、牛乳头状瘤病毒、肖普兔(Shope rabbit)乳头状瘤病毒、及其他物种的各种病原性乳头状瘤病毒)、多瘤病毒属(多瘤病毒、猿猴致空泡因子(SV-40)、兔致空泡因子(RKV)、K病毒、BK病毒、JC病毒、及其他灵长类多瘤病毒,例如亲淋巴乳头状瘤病毒(Lymphotrophic papilloma virus));细小病毒科,包括腺病毒伴随病毒属(Adeno-associated virus)、细小病毒属(猫泛白细胞减少症病毒(Feline panleukopenia virus)、牛细小病毒、犬细小病毒、阿留申水貂病病毒(Aleutian mink disease virus)等)。此外,DNA病毒可包括不属于上述各科的病毒,例如库鲁病病毒(Kuru)及克雅氏病病毒(Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease virus)及慢性传染性神经病病毒(CHINA病毒)。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及诱导抗原特异性免疫应答的方法,其包含施用抗原及本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞群中至少40%、优选至少45%、更优选至少50%、更优选约53%的经诱导的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞分泌IFN-γ。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定该分泌IFN-γ的抗原特异性CD4+T-细胞的比例。该确定的例子在本文的实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。在实施方案中,以有效量施用抗原及免疫刺激性寡核苷酸以在对象中诱导抗原特异性免疫应答。在实施方案中,所述抗原为本文所公开的任意抗原。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及诱导抗原特异性免疫应答的方法,其包括施用抗原及本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞群中至少10%、优选至少15%、更优选至少20%、更优选约22%的经诱导抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞是优选分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的双细胞因子产生细胞。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定该分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞的比例。该测定的例子在本文献的实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。在实施方案中,以有效量施用抗原及免疫刺激性寡核苷酸以在对象中诱导抗原特异性免疫应答。在实施方案中,所述抗原为本文所公开的任意抗原。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及诱导抗原特异性免疫应答的方法,其包括施用抗原及本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞群中至少30%、优选至少40%、更优选至少45%、更优选约47%的经诱导的抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞是优选分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的双细胞因子产生细胞。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定该分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞的比例。此确定的例子在本文的实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。在实施方案中,以有效量施用抗原及免疫刺激性寡核苷酸以在对象中诱导抗原特异性免疫应答。在实施方案中,抗原为本文所公开的任意抗原。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及用于诱导针对抗原的免疫应答的本发明免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞群中至少40%、优选至少45%、更优选至少50%、更优选约53%的经诱导抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞分泌IFN-γ。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定该分泌IFN-γ的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞的比例。此确定的例子在本文的实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。在实施方案中,抗原为本文所公开的任意抗原。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及用于诱导针对抗原的免疫应答的本发明免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞群中至少10%、优选至少15%、更优选至少20%、更优选约22%的经诱导抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞是优选分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的双细胞因子产生细胞。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定该分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞的比例。此确定的例子在本文的实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。在实施方案中,抗原为本文所公开的任意抗原。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及用于诱导针对抗原的免疫应答的本发明免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞群中至少30%、优选至少40%、更优选至少45%、更优选约47%的经诱导抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞为优选分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的双细胞因子产生细胞。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定所述分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞的比例。此确定的例子在本文的实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。在实施方案中,抗原为本文所公开的任意抗原。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及在疫苗中被用作佐剂的本发明免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中所述疫苗诱导针对抗原的免疫应答,且其中在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞群中至少40%、优选至少45%、更优选至少50%、更优选约53%的经诱导抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞分泌IFN-γ。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定该分泌IFN-γ的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞的比例。此确定的例子在本文的实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。在实施方案中,抗原为本文所公开的任意抗原。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及在疫苗中被用作佐剂的本发明免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中所述疫苗诱导针对抗原的免疫应答,且其中在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞群中至少10%、优选至少15%、更优选至少20%、更优选约22%的经诱导抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞为优选分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的双细胞因子产生细胞。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定该分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的双细胞因子产生抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞的比例。此确定的例子在本文的实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。在实施方案中,抗原为本文所公开的任意抗原。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及在疫苗中被用作佐剂的本发明免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中所述疫苗诱导针对抗原的免疫应答,且其中在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞群中至少30%、优选至少40%、更优选至少45%、更优选约47%的经诱导抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞为优选分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的双细胞因子产生细胞。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定该分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的双细胞因子产生抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞的比例。此确定的例子在本文的实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。在实施方案中,抗原为本文所公开的任意抗原。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及包含抗原及本发明免疫刺激性寡核苷酸的疫苗,其用于诱导针对该抗原的免疫应答,其中在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞群中至少40%、优选至少45%、更优选至少50%、更优选约53%的经诱导抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞分泌IFN-γ。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定该分泌IFN-γ生物抗原特异性CD4+T-细胞生物比例。此确定的例子在本文实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。在实施方案中,抗原为本文所公开的任意抗原。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及包含抗原及本发明免疫刺激性寡核苷酸的疫苗,其用于诱导针对该抗原的免疫应答,其中在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞群中至少10%、优选至少15%、更优选至少20%、更优选约22%的经诱导抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞为优选分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的双细胞因子产生细胞。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定该分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的抗原特异性CD4+ T-细胞的比例。此确定的例子在本文的实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。在实施方案中,抗原为本文所公开的任意抗原。
在实施方案中,本发明涉及包含抗原及本发明免疫刺激性寡核苷酸的疫苗,其用于诱导针对该抗原的免疫应答,其中在分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α和/或IL-2的抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞群中至少30%、优选至少40%、更优选至少45%、更优选约47%的经诱导抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞为优选分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的双细胞因子产生细胞。在实施方案中,用多色流式细胞术来确定该分泌IFN-γ及TNF-α二者的抗原特异性CD8+ T-细胞的比例。此确定的例子在本文的实施例1中公开(参见“抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群”的段落)。在实施方案中,抗原为本文所公开的任意抗原。
表述核酸分子的“有效量”是指实现所期望的生物学效应所必需的量或足够的量。例如,含有至少一个未甲基化CpG的核酸治疗病症的有效量可以是消除微生物感染或肿瘤所必须的量。用作疫苗佐剂的有效量可为可用于加强对象针对疫苗的免疫应答的量。治疗传染病、与自身抗原相关病症或与成瘾性物质相关病症的“有效量”可以是可用于诱导抗原特异性免疫应答的量。任何具体应用的有效量均可根据诸如以下等因素而改变:所治疗疾病或病况、所施用的具体CpG免疫刺激性寡核苷酸、对象的尺寸或所述疾病或病况的严重程度。本领域技术人员无需过多实验即可凭经验确定具体寡核苷酸的有效量。
在本发明的各方面,疫苗可另外包括佐剂。在某些实施方案中,佐剂是非TLR9的Toll样受体(TLR)的激动剂。在某些实施方案中,TLR的激动剂是TLR3的激动剂(例如经稳定的聚I:C)、TLR4的激动剂(例如脂多糖(LPS)衍生物,例如MPL或GLA)、TLR5的激动剂(例如鞭毛蛋白)、TLR7的激动剂(例如咪唑并喹啉家族的小分子)或TLR8的激动剂(例如咪唑并喹啉家族的小分子)。在某些实施方案中,佐剂是铝盐(例如氢氧化铝)、免疫刺激性复合物(ISCOM)、水包油或油包水乳液、脂质体或递送系统(例如纳米颗粒或微粒)。
术语CpG免疫刺激性寡核苷酸的有效量是指实现所期望生物学效应所必需的量或足够的量。例如,与抗原一起施用的CpG免疫刺激性寡核苷酸诱导抗原特异性免疫应答的有效量是在暴露于抗原后为抗原诱导免疫应答所必需的量。结合本文所提供的教示,通过选择不同活性免疫刺激性寡核苷酸及权衡诸如效能、相对生物利用度、患者体重、不利副作用严重程度及优选施用模式等因素,可设计出不引起实质毒性但仍可有效治疗具体对象的有效预防性或治疗性治疗方案。任何具体应用的有效量均可根据诸如以下等因素而变化:所治疗疾病或病况、所施用的具体CpG免疫刺激性寡核苷酸、对象的尺寸或所述疾病或病况的严重程度。本领域技术人员无需过多实验根据本揭示内容即可凭经验确定具体CpG免疫刺激性寡核苷酸和/或抗原和/或其他治疗药剂的有效量。
本文所述化合物用于局部递送的对象剂量通常介于每次施用约0.1μg至50mg之间,其依据应用可每日给予、每周给予、或每月给予、及以介于其间的任何其他时间间隔来给予。更典型地局部剂量介于每次施用约10μg至10mg之间,且根据需要为约100μg至1mg,其中施用2-4次,每次间隔数日或数周。更典型地,免疫刺激剂剂量介于每次施用1μg至10mg之间,且最典型为10μg至1mg,其中每日或每周施用。本文所述化合物用于肠胃外递送以达到诱导抗原特异性免疫应答的目的(其中化合物是与抗原而非另一治疗药剂一起递送)的对象剂量典型为疫苗佐剂或免疫刺激剂施用的有效局部剂量的5至10,000倍,且更典型为10至1,000倍,且最典型为20至100倍。本文所述化合物用于肠胃外递送以例如诱导先天免疫应答、提高ADCC、诱导抗原特异性免疫应答(其中CpG免疫刺激性寡核苷酸是与其他治疗药剂组合施用或在专门的递送载剂(vehicle)中)的剂量通常介于每次施用约0.1μg至10mg之间,其依据应用可每日给予、每周给予、或每月给予、及以介于其间的任何其他时间间隔来给予。更典型地,用于这些目的的肠胃外剂量介于每次施用约10μg至5mg之间,且最典型地为约100μg至1mg,其中施用2-4次,每次间隔数日或数周。然而,在某些实施方案中,用于这些目的的肠胃外剂量可在上述常用剂量的5至10,000倍范围内。
对于本文所述的任何化合物而言,可首先根据动物模型来确定治疗有效量。治疗有效剂量也可根据已在人类中测试(例如已开始人类临床试验)的CpG寡核苷酸及已知可表现类似药理学活性的化合物(例如其他佐剂,例如LT及其他疫苗接种用抗原)的人类数据来确定。肠胃外施用可能需要较高剂量。所施加剂量可根据所施用化合物的相对生物利用度及效能来调节。根据上述方法及本领域熟知的其他方法调节剂量以达到最大效率已为本领域技术人员所熟知。
本发明的配制物是以药物可接受的溶液施用,这些溶液通常可含有药物可接受浓度的盐、缓冲剂、防腐剂、相容载体、佐剂及任选存在的其他治疗性成份。
对于治疗中的用途,可通过将寡核苷酸递送至所期望的表面的任何模式来将有效量的CpG免疫刺激性寡核苷酸施用给对象。可通过任何本领域技术人员熟知的方式来进行本发明药物组合物的施用。优选施用途径包括但不限于,肠胃外(例如肌内、皮下、皮内、静脉内、膀胱内或腹膜内)、局部(例如皮肤(经皮)、粘膜)、口服、鼻内、阴道内、直肠内、经口、眼内或舌下。
可由本文所述的任意途径单独施用免疫刺激性寡核苷酸或将其与其他治疗药剂组合施用。在某些优选的实施方案中,施用是局部施用。局部施用可包括体表(topical)施用至粘膜表面,例如皮肤,如口腔及生殖器中的那些。
在期望以全身方式递送免疫刺激性寡核苷酸时,可将其配制以用于通过注射(例如,推注(bolus injection)或连续输注)而肠胃外施用。注射用配制物可以单位剂型存在,例如在添加有防腐剂的安瓿或多剂量容器中。组合物可采取于油性或水性载剂中的悬浮液、溶液或乳液的形式,且可含有诸如悬浮剂、稳定剂和/或分散剂等配制剂。
肠胃外施用用药物组合物包括水溶性形式的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸的水溶液。另外,可将免疫刺激性寡核苷酸的悬浮液制备成适宜的油性注射悬浮液。适宜的亲脂溶剂或载剂包括脂肪油(例如芝麻油)或合成脂肪酸酯(例如油酸乙酯或甘油三酯)或脂质体。水性注射悬浮液可含有能提高该悬浮液粘度的物质,例如羧甲基纤维素钠、山梨醇或葡聚糖。任选地,悬浮液还可含有适宜的稳定剂或可提高免疫刺激性寡核苷酸溶解性的试剂,从而使得能够制备高浓缩溶液。
在期望以全身方式递送免疫刺激性寡核苷酸时,可将其配制以用于通过注射(例如,推注或连续输注)而肠胃外施用。注射用配制物可以单位剂型存在,例如在添加有防腐剂的安瓿或多剂量容器中。组合物可采取于油性或水性载剂中的悬浮液、溶液或乳液的形式,且可含有诸如悬浮剂、稳定剂和/或分散剂等配制剂。
可用惰性材料稀释治疗剂或增加其体积。此类稀释剂可包括碳水化合物,特别是甘露醇、α-乳糖、无水乳糖、纤维素、蔗糖、经修饰的葡聚糖和/或淀粉。还可使用某些无机盐作为填充剂,包括三磷酸钙、碳酸镁和/或氯化钠。某些市售稀释剂为Fast-Flo、Emdex、STA-Rx 1500、Emcompress及Avicell。
为辅助治疗剂溶解于水性环境中,可添加表面活性剂作为润湿剂。表面活性剂可包括阴离子型洗涤剂,例如月桂基硫酸钠、二辛基磺琥珀酸钠和/或二辛基磺酸钠。可使用阳离子型洗涤剂且其可包括苯扎氯铵(benzalkonium chloride)或苄索氯铵(benzethomium chloride)。配制物中可引入作为表面活性剂的可能的非离子洗涤剂列表为聚桂醇(lauromacrogol)400、聚烃氧(polyoxyl)40硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油10、50及60、甘油单硬脂酸酯、聚山梨醇酯40、60、65和/或80、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、甲基纤维素及羧甲基纤维素。这些表面活性剂可单独或以不同比例的混合物存在于免疫刺激性寡核苷酸的配制物中。
肠胃外施用用的药物配制物包括为水溶性形式的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸的水溶液。另外,可将免疫刺激性寡核苷酸的悬浮液制备成适宜的油性注射悬浮液。适宜的亲脂溶剂或载剂包括脂肪油(例如芝麻油)或合成脂肪酸酯(例如油酸乙酯或甘油三酯)或脂质体。水性注射悬浮液可含有能提高该悬浮液粘度的物质,例如羧甲基纤维素钠、山梨醇或葡聚糖。任选地,悬浮液还可含有适宜的稳定剂或可提高免疫刺激性寡核苷酸溶解性的试剂,从而使得能够制备高浓缩溶液。
或者,免疫刺激性寡核苷酸可呈粉剂形式,以便在使用前用适宜的载剂(例如无菌无致热原水)来进行构成。
对于口服施用,所述化合物(即,CpG免疫刺激性寡核苷酸、抗原及其他治疗药剂)可由免疫刺激性寡核苷酸与本领域熟知的药物可接受载体组合而容易地配制。所述载体使得本发明的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸可被配制成要治疗对象口服摄取的锭剂、丸剂、糖衣锭(dragees)、胶囊、液体、凝胶、糖浆、浆液、悬浮液及诸如此类。口服使用的药物制剂可以固体赋形剂获得,任选研磨所得的混合物,若需要,在添加适宜的助剂后,处理颗粒混合物以获得锭剂或糖衣锭核心。适宜的赋形剂特别为填充剂,例如糖,包括乳糖、蔗糖、甘露醇或山梨醇;纤维素制剂,例如玉米淀粉、小麦淀粉、水稻淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、明胶、黄蓍胶、甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠和/或聚乙烯吡咯啶酮(PVP)。若需要,可添加崩解剂,例如交联聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、琼脂、或海藻酸或其盐,例如海藻酸钠。任选地,口服配制物亦可在盐水或缓冲剂(即中和内部酸性条件的EDTA)中配制,或可以无任何载体而施用。
也涵盖在内的是上述药剂或配制物的口服剂型。可以化学方式修饰药剂或配制物以使该衍生物的口服递送有效。一般而言,所涵盖的化学修饰是将至少一个部分连接至药剂或配制物自身,其中该部分容许(a)抑制蛋白水解;及(b)自胃或肠吸收至血流中。还期望增加药剂或配制物的整体稳定性并延长在体内的循环时间。所述部分的例子包括:聚乙二醇、乙二醇与丙二醇的共聚物、羧甲基纤维素、葡聚糖、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯基吡咯啶酮及聚脯氨酸。Abucho-wski及Davis,1981,“Soluble Polymer-Enzyme Adducts”,Enzymes as Drugs,Hocenberg及RobertsEd.,Wiley-Interscience,New York,N.Y.,第367-383页;Newmark等人,1982,J.Appl.Biochem.4:185-189。其他可使用的聚合物是聚-1,3-二氧戊环及聚-1,3,6-三氧八环(poly-1,3,6-tioxocane)。如上所述,用于药物用途优选的是聚乙二醇部分。
也涵盖在内的是本发明药物组合物的鼻内递送。鼻内递送使得治疗性产品被施用至鼻后本发明药物组合物可直接流至血流中,产品不需在肺中沉积。鼻递送配制物包括具有葡聚糖或环葡聚糖的那些。
对于鼻内施用而言,可用的装置是附有定量剂量喷雾器的小硬瓶子。在一个实施方案中,通过将本发明的药物组合物抽入一定体积的室中来递送此定量的剂量,所述室孔隙的尺寸使得在压缩室内液体时可形成喷雾来雾化气溶胶配制物。压缩该室以施用本发明的药物组合物。在一个具体的实施方案中,所述室是活塞的配置。此类装置可在市场上购得。
或者,可使用具有孔隙或开口的塑料挤压瓶,其孔隙或开口的尺寸在挤压该瓶时可通过形成喷雾来雾化气溶胶配制物。开口通常在瓶子顶部,且顶部通常呈锥形以部分插入鼻道中,从而有效地施用气溶胶配制物。优选地,鼻吸入器可提供经计量的量的气溶胶配制物用于施用所测量剂量的药物。
对于经口施用,组合物可采取以常用方式配制的锭剂或菱形锭剂的形式。
还可在直肠或阴道组合物中配制所述化合物,例如栓剂或保留灌肠剂,其含有例如常用的栓剂基质,例如可可油或其他甘油酯。
除上述配制物外,还可将化合物配制为储存制剂。此类长效配制物可与适宜的聚合物或疏水材料(例如作为在可接受的油中的乳液)或离子交换树脂一起配制,或作为微溶性衍生物(例如微溶性盐)来配制。
药物组合物还可包含适宜的固相或凝胶相载体或赋形剂。所述载剂或赋形剂的例子包括但不限于,碳酸钙、磷酸钙、各种糖、淀粉、纤维素衍生物、明胶、及聚合物(例如聚乙二醇)。
适宜的液体或固体药物制剂形式为例如吸入用水溶液或盐水溶液、经微囊封的、内螺旋状、涂布于微小金颗粒上、含于脂质体中、呈喷雾状、气溶胶、植入皮肤中的丸粒、或干燥后附着在尖锐物体上以刺入皮肤中的形式。药物组合物还包括颗粒、粉剂、锭剂、包衣锭剂、(微)胶囊、栓剂、糖浆、乳液、悬浮液、乳霜、滴剂或活性化合物缓释的制剂,其中通常如上所述使用制剂赋形剂及添加剂和/或助剂,例如崩解剂、粘合剂、包衣剂、溶胀剂、润滑剂、矫味剂、甜味剂或增溶剂。药物组合物适用于各种药物递送系统中。药物递送的简略综述参见Langer,Science 249:1527-1533,1990。
CpG免疫刺激性寡核苷酸及任选存在的其他治疗剂和/或抗原可以自身(纯净)的形式或以药物可接受的盐形式来施用。在用于药品中时,所述盐应为药物可接受的盐,但可方便地使用药物不可接受的盐来制备其药物可接受的盐。所述盐包括但不限于,由以下酸所制备的那些:盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸、马来酸、乙酸、水杨酸、对甲苯磺酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、甲磺酸、甲酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、萘-2-磺酸、及苯磺酸。同样,可将所述盐制备为碱金属盐或碱土金属盐,例如羧酸基团的钠盐、钾盐或钙盐。
适宜的缓冲剂包括:乙酸及盐(1-2%w/v);柠檬酸及盐(1-3%w/v);硼酸及盐(0.5-2.5%w/v);以及磷酸及盐(0.8-2%w/v)。适宜的防腐剂包括苯扎氯铵(0.003-0.03%w/v);氯丁醇(0.3-0.9%w/v);对羟基苯甲酸酯(0.01-0.25%w/v)及硫柳汞(thimerosal)(0.004-0.02%w/v)。
本发明的药物组合物含有有效量的CpG免疫刺激性寡核苷酸及任选存在的抗原和/或任选引入药物可接受的载体中的其他治疗药剂。术语药物可接受的载体意指一或多种适合施用于人类或其他脊椎动物的相容固体或液体填充剂、稀释剂或囊封物质。术语载体表示天然或合成的有机或无机成份,活性成份与其组合以有利于施用。药物组合物中的各组份也能以不存在实质上损害所期望的药物功效的交互作用方式与本发明的化合物掺合及彼此掺合。
通过以下实施例进一步阐述本发明,无论如何不应将其视为进一步的限制。本申请全文所引用的所有参考资料(包括参考文献、已授予专利、公开专利申请案及共同待审查的专利申请)的全部内容以全文引用的方式明确并入本文中。
实施例
实施例1:
在以肌内(IM)方式使用乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)或卵白蛋白(OVA)作为模型抗原实施免疫后,比较免疫刺激性寡核苷酸CPG 24555与寡核苷酸CPG 10103及CPG 7909提高小鼠抗原特异性免疫应答的能力。
方法及材料
所有ODN均从冻干的寡脱氧核苷酸(ODN)制备。简言之,使ODN溶于pH 8.0的无内毒素Tris-EDTA缓冲液中(OmniPur;EM Science,Gibbstown,NJ)并在无菌条件下在pH 7.2的无菌无内毒素磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)(Sigma Chemical公司,St.Louis,MO)中稀释以防止微生物及内毒素污染。在4℃下储存原液待用。
从Charles River Canada(Quebec,Canada)购得雌性野生型BALB/c及C57Bl/6小鼠。在Taconic Farms饲养C57背景的TLR9缺陷型小鼠并将其转移至Coley动物保护中心以供研究。在Coley Pharmaceutical Group Canada的动物保护中心中于微隔离笼中饲养小鼠。所有研究均根据Coley Canada的动物保护委员会在实验动物保护评价认证协会(AAALAC International)及加拿大动物保护协会指导下实施。在研究开始时动物重约18-20g。
小鼠的免疫
乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)
在左胫骨前肌处以50μl的总体积单独用1μg的HBsAg或用1μgHBsAg与10μg CPG 24555、CPG 10103或CPG 7909的组合以肌内(IM)方式对BALB/c小鼠(n=10/组)实施免疫;所述HBsAg为ad亚型(Cliniqa,4076)。在初次免疫后第2周,从颌下静脉用肝素作为抗凝血剂对动物抽血,并使用与初次免疫所用相同的疫苗配制物进行加强。在加强后第2周,通过心脏穿刺用肝素作为抗凝血剂对动物抽血,通过颈椎脱位实施无痛致死,并以无菌方式摘除脾以用于检测抗原特异性CTL活性、IFN-γ分泌(培养物上清)及多细胞因子(IFN-γ、TNF-α及IL-2)分泌型CD4与CD8 T细胞的免疫分析中。使用各抽血时间点的血浆来检测抗原特异性总IgG及IgG同种型IgG1及IgG2a。
鸡卵白蛋白(OVA)
在左胫骨前肌处以肌内(IM)方式及50μl的总体积单独用20μg的VII级OVA(Sigma,A7641)或用其与10μg CPG 24555、CPG 10103、CPG 7909或非CpG对照ODN 2137的组合对C57Bl/6野生型及TLR9缺陷型(C57Bl/6TLR9-/-)小鼠(n=10/组)进行免疫。在初次免疫后第14天及第21天使用与初次免疫所用相同的疫苗配制物对动物进行加强。在最后一次加强免疫后第7天,通过心脏穿刺用肝素作为抗凝血剂对动物抽血,通过颈椎脱位实施无痛致死,并以无菌方式摘除脾以用于检测抗原特异性CTL活性、IFN-γ分泌(培养物上清)、四聚体阳性CD8T细胞及多细胞因子(IFN-γ、TNF-α及IL-2)分泌型CD4与CD8 T细胞的免疫分析中。使用血浆来检测抗原特异性总IgG及IgG同种型IgG1及IgG2c。
免疫测定
抗原特异性抗体效价的确定
通过终点稀释ELISA测定法来检测并定量对HBsAg(抗HBs)或卵白蛋白(抗OVA)具有特异性的抗体(总IgG、IgG1及IgG2a/c),并对各动物的样品重复三次。终点效价定义为导致光吸收值(OD 450nm)为截断值0.05的未免疫血浆两倍的最高血浆稀释度。这些结果以各组几何平均效价(GMT)±SEM的形式报告。
CTL应答的评估
使用在最后一次免疫后第1周(对于OVA)或第2周(对于HBsAg)摘除的脾来分析抗原特异性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)应答。在补加有10%胎牛血清(Hyclone,Logan,UT)、青霉素-链霉素溶液(终浓度分别为1000U/ml及1mg/ml;Invitrogen,Burlington,ON)、L-谷氨酰胺(终浓度为2mM;Invitrogen,Burlington,ON)及5×10-5M β-巯基乙醇(Invitrogen,Burlington,ON)的RPMI1640(Hyclone,Logan,UT)组织培养基中将脾匀浆为单细胞悬浮液。通过与表达HBsAg的经辐射的鼠类细胞系(P815/S)一起培养将在脾细胞悬浮液(3×106细胞/ml)中的HBsAg特异性淋巴细胞再刺激5天,并通过与表达OVA的经辐射的鼠类细胞系(EG.7)一起培养将在脾细胞悬浮液(3×106细胞/ml)中的OVA特异性淋巴细胞再刺激5天。在再刺激后,通过使用51Cr释放分析来确定淋巴细胞杀伤表达HBsAg或OVA的细胞的潜力。结果表示为在效应子与靶(E∶T)的不同比率下的特异性溶胞%。
脾细胞的抗原特异性IFN-γ分泌的评估
使用在最后一次免疫后第1周(对于OVA)或第2周(对于HBsAg)获得的脾细胞在抗原再刺激后来测量IFN-γ分泌。简言之,根据CTL分析在补加有2%正常小鼠血清(Cedarlane Laboratories,Ontario,Canada)、青霉素-链霉素溶液(终浓度分别为1000U/ml及1mg/ml;Invitrogen,Burlington,ON)、L-谷氨酰胺(终浓度为2mM;Invitrogen,Burlington,ON)及5×10-5M β-巯基乙醇(Invitrogen,Burlington,ON)的RPMI 1640(Hyclone,Logan,UT)组织培养基[完全RPMI 1640]中制备脾细胞悬浮液并将其调节至终浓度为5×106细胞/ml。将脾细胞悬浮液(100μl/孔)与在完全RPMI 1640中稀释至适宜浓度的100μl各种刺激剂(如适当的图例中所述)一起平铺于96孔U形底组织培养板上。使用伴刀豆球蛋白A(10μg/ml,Sigma)作为阳性对照并使用单独与培养基一起培养的细胞作为阴性对照。一式三份平铺各脾细胞样品并在增湿的5%CO2温育器中于37℃下温育72hr。在温育期结束时收集培养物上清并在-80℃下储存待测定。根据制造商说明书使用市售测定试剂盒(小鼠IFN-γOptEIA;BD Pharmingen,Mississauga,ON)来测定培养物上清中的IFN-γ水平。
OVA四聚体阳性CD8细胞群的定量
也使用如上所述获得的脾细胞悬浮液通过FACS来对OVA四聚体阳性CD8细胞群进行定量。将来自各脾的脾细胞(2×106)转移至含有500μl如下染色缓冲液的12×75mm试管中:含有1%胎牛血清(Hyclone,Logan,UT)及0.1%迭氮化钠(Sigma)的DPBS。以1200rpm将细胞离心5分钟并移除上清。通过在4℃下将细胞与抗小鼠CD16/CD32(Fc阻断剂)(BD Pharmingen)一起温育10分钟来阻断Fc受体。用染色缓冲液洗涤细胞并在4℃下使用1类OVA特异性(SIINFEKL)四聚体(Beckman Coulter)染色20分钟。然后再次用染色缓冲液洗涤细胞并在4℃下用抗小鼠CD8a-FITC(BD Pharmingen)染色20分钟。用染色缓冲液洗涤细胞,使其重悬浮于500μl染色缓冲液中并使用FC500流式细胞计(Beckman coulter)来进行测定。经鉴定OVA特异性CD8 T细胞为针对CD8a以及四聚体二者的阳性细胞。将数据表示为CD8及四聚体阳性细胞的%。
抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群的定量
在24孔组织培养板上补加有2%正常小鼠血清(Cedarlane Laboratories,Ontario,Canada)、青霉素-链霉素溶液(终浓度分别为1000U/ml及1mg/ml;Invitrogen,Burlington,ON)、L-谷氨酰氨(终浓度为2mM;Invitrogen,Burlington,ON)及5×10-5M β-巯基乙醇(Invitrogen,Burlington,ON)的RPMI1640(Hyclone,Logan,UT)组织培养基中对各组汇集的脾细胞悬浮液进行再刺激。
对于CD4再刺激:在含有5μg/ml HBsAg的1ml终体积中将5×106细胞刺激过夜。
对于CD8再刺激:在含有5μg/ml HBs肽(IPQSLDSWWTSL)的1ml终体积中将5×106细胞刺激5小时。
使用不含刺激剂的培养基作为阴性对照,并使用10ng/ml PMA(Sigma)及1μg/ml离子霉素(Sigma)(在培养最后4小时期间添加)作为阳性对照。此外,在再刺激最后4小时期间,添加Brefelden A(BD Pharmingen)及莫能星(monensin)(BD Pharmingen)以使蛋白质运输停止。
在再刺激后,用染色缓冲液洗涤细胞并通过在4℃下将细胞与抗小鼠CD16/CD32(Fc阻断剂)(BD Pharmingen)一起温育10分钟来阻断Fc受体。然后将细胞离心并使其再悬浮于含有5μg/ml抗小鼠CD4-ECD(Invitrogen)或抗小鼠CD8-ECD(Invitrogen)的染色缓冲液中并在4℃下温育30分钟。用染色缓冲液洗涤细胞并使其重悬浮于BD Fix/Perm溶液(BD Pharmingen)中并在4℃下保持20分钟。再次用BD Perm洗涤溶液(BD Pharmingen)洗涤细胞并使其重悬浮于含有5μg/ml IL-2-FITC(BD Pharmingen)、TNF-APC(BD Pharmingen)及IFN-γ-PeCy7(BD Pharmingen)的1x BD Perm洗涤溶液(BD Pharmingen)中,并在室温及避光条件下温育20分钟。用1X BD Perm洗涤溶液(BD Pharmingen)洗涤细胞并使其重悬浮于正常染色缓冲液中并使用FC500流式细胞计(Beckman Coulter)进行测定。
结果
体液免疫应答
所测试的所有三种CpG ODN(CPG 24555、10103及7909)均显著增强野生型小鼠中的HBsAg及OVA特异性总IgG效价(P<0.05)。三种CpG ODN在其提高小鼠中HBsAg或OVA特异性总IgG的能力方面无显著差异(图1)。
使用OVA来测试CPG 24555、CPG 10103及CPG 7909在TLR9缺陷型动物中提高抗体效价的能力。在以任意疫苗接种方案进行加强后第1周所检测总抗体效价小于100,且与单独使用疫苗或使用疫苗与非CpG ODN2137的组合(数据未显示)时相比,各种CpG ODN均不能显著提高针对OVA的抗体效价。
在小鼠中,广泛使用IgG同种型分布作为免疫应答性质的指示物,其中高IgG2a或IgG2c含量表示Th1型免疫应答,而高IgG1效价表示Th2型免疫应答。所有三种CpG ODN均有助于诱导强Th1型免疫应答,该免疫应答中IgG2a/IgG1及IgG2c/IgG1的比率>1(图1)且IgG2a/c效价相对于单独使用抗原时(图2)显著提高(P<0.05)。
细胞免疫应答:CTL应答
测量基于Th1的应答的功能性方式是测量针对抗原呈递靶细胞的CTL活性。如图3中所示,相对于单独或与非CPG ODN 2137组合使用的抗原,所测试的所有CpG ODN均能显著增强小鼠中针对OVA的抗原特异性CTL应答(P<0.05;图3右图)。除在6.25∶1 E∶T比率下,所测试的CpG ODN在促进OVA特异性CTL诱导方面无显著差异,其中CPG 24555及CPG 7909二组均显示显著高于接受CPG 10103的组的OVA特异性CTL。
对于HBsAg,CPG 24555及10103二者而不是CPG 7909能诱导显著高于单独使用抗原时的抗原特异性CTL应答。(P<0.05;图3左图)。CPG24555与CPG 10103在其促进小鼠中的HBsAg特异性CTL应答诱导方面无显著差异。
在TLR9缺陷型小鼠中未观察到CpG ODN介导的CTL应答的提高(图4)。
抗原特异性CD8 T细胞
使用MHC I类H-2Kb-SIINFEKL特异性四聚体来对经OVA免疫的小鼠中的CD8 T细胞应答进行定量。与单独或与非CpG对照ODN 2137组合使用OVA时相比,所测试的所有CpG ODN均增强抗原特异性CD8 T细胞(图5)。CPG 7909在促进OVA特异性CD8 T细胞诱导方面优于CPG 24555及10103(P<0.05)。CPG 24555与10103在其诱导OVA特异性CD8 T细胞的能力方面无显著差异(P>0.05)。
在TLR9缺陷型小鼠中未观察到CpG介导的OVA特异性CD8 T细胞的提高(图5)。
抗原特异性IFN-γ分泌
通过使用酶免疫测定来检测在经接种抗原再刺激的脾细胞培养物上清中的细胞因子以研究由于抗原刺激而产生的干扰素γ(IFN-γ)作为细胞免疫的量度。从使用CPG 24555或CPG 10103经HBsAg或OVA免疫的动物收集的脾细胞培养物上清显示显著高于单独经抗原免疫者的IFN-γ水平。在与HBsAg一起使用时,CPG 24555在促进抗原特异性IFN-γ分泌方面显著优于CPG 10103或CPG 7909(图6;左图)。在与OVA一起使用时,CPG 24555在促进抗原特异性IFN-γ分泌方面等同于CPG 10103但优于CPG 7909(图6;右图)。
在TLR9缺陷型动物中未观察到CpG ODN介导的抗原特异性IFN-γ分泌的提高(图7)。
抗原特异性多细胞因子分泌型T细胞群
根据最近的发现,T细胞单独产生的IFN-γ不能预示抗原特异性T细胞诱导保护性免疫应答的能力。因此,在此研究中使用多色流式细胞术来评估抗原特异性CD4及CD8 T细胞产生IL-2、TNF-α及IFN-γ的能力。
对于CD4及CD8 T细胞二者,与IFN-γ及TNF-α分泌相比所观察到的IL-2分泌量相对较低(图8)。对于CD4 T细胞,CPG 24555有助于诱导相对于CPG 10103及7909较高百分比的双细胞因子分泌型T细胞(使用CPG24555时为23%,而使用CPG 10103及7909时分别为4%及6%)。总之,观察到极低百分比的三细胞因子产生型HBsAg特异性CD4 T细胞(使用CPG 24555、10103及7909时分别为2%、0%及1%)(图8A)。
对于CD8 T细胞,CPG 24555及CPG 7909二者有助于诱导含量高于CPG 10103的双细胞因子分泌型T细胞(使用CPG 24555及CPG 7909时分别为48%及56%,而使用CPG 10103时仅为19%)。与CD4细胞类似,观察到极低百分比的三细胞因子产生型HBsAg特异性CD8+ T细胞(使用CPG24555、10103及7909时分别为1%、0%及0%)(图8B)。
表1:作为分泌IFN-γ和/或IL-2和/或TNF-α的单、双及三细胞因子产生型细胞的HBsAg特异性CD4+ T细胞的百分比
CD4+T细胞 | 仅Ag | Ag+CpG 24555 | Ag+CpG 10103 |
IFN-γ* | 69% | 53% | 36% |
TNF-α* | 41% | 65% | 62% |
IL-2* | 15% | 9% | 6% |
IFN-γ/IL-2# | 7% | 2% | 0% |
IFN-γ/TNF-α# | 10% | 22% | 2% |
TNF-α/IL-2# | 8% | 5% | 2% |
IFN-γ/IL-2/TNF-α | 0% | 2% | 0% |
单细胞因子产生细胞的% | 75% | 75% | 96% |
产生至少两种细胞因子的% | 25% | 25% | 4% |
*表示产生这些细胞因子的细胞的总比例,不论其为单、双还是三细胞因子产生型细胞
#表示产生该两种细胞因子的细胞的总比例,不论其为双亦或三细胞因子产生型细胞
表2:作为分泌IFN-γ和/或IL-2和/或TNF-α的单、双或三细胞因子产生型细胞的HBsAg特异性CD8+ T细胞的百分比
CD8+T细胞 | 仅Ag | Ag+CpG 24555 | Ag+CpG 10103 |
IFN-γ* | 63% | 67% | 76% |
TNF-α* | 42% | 76% | 37% |
IL-2* | 10% | 7% | 6% |
IFN-γ/IL-2# | 5% | 2% | 0% |
IFN-γ/TNF-α# | 10% | 47% | 18% |
TNF-α/IL-2# | 2% | 2% | 1% |
IFN-γ/IL-2/TNF-α | 2% | 1% | 0% |
单细胞因子产生型细胞的% | 87% | 51% | 81% |
产生至少两种细胞因子的% | 13% | 49% | 19% |
*表示产生该等细胞因子的细胞的总比例,不论其为单、双还是三细胞因子产生型细胞
#表示产生该两种细胞因子的细胞的总比例,不论其为双还是三细胞因子产生型细胞
讨论
将研究设计为比较CPG 24555与CPG 10103及CPG 7909在与2种模型抗原(HBsAg及OVA)一起使用时提高小鼠抗原特异性免疫应答的能力。CPG24555及CPG 10103具有相同的核苷酸序列,但CPG 24555中最靠近3′的CG二核苷酸发生反转,从而导致CPG 24555中的CpG基序消失。CPG 7909是B类CpG ODN,其辅助活性已在用多种疫苗抗原进行的人类临床实验中得到证实。
CPG 24555中3′CpG基序的消失对其提高抗原特异性免疫应答的能力无任何负面影响,且与CPG 10103相比显示相等(抗体应答及抗原特异性CD8 T细胞,如通过四聚体染色所测量的)或更佳(抗原特异性IFN-γ分泌)的适应性免疫应答的提高。类似地,CPG 24555在提高抗原特异性抗体应答以及CTL应答方面等同于CPG 7909。CPG 24555在促进抗原特异性IFN-g分泌方面优于CPG 7909。
使用所测试的所有三种CpG ODN达成的适应性免疫应答的提高具有TLR9依赖性,因为在TLR9缺陷型小鼠中未观察到适应性免疫应答的提高。
如表1中所示,使用CPG 24555可获得较高比例的产生IFN-γ的抗原特异性CD4+ T细胞。同样可获得较高比例的多功能抗原特异性CD4+ T细胞,其产生IFN-γ、TNF-α及IL-2中至少两种细胞因子(即IFN-γ及TNF-α二者、IFN-γ及IL-2二者、或TNF-α及IL-2二者,或者甚至分泌IFN-γ、TNF-α及IL-2生物三细胞因子产生型细胞)。
对于CD8+ T细胞(表2),可获得较高比例的多功能抗原特异性CD8+ T细胞,其产生两种细胞因子,且具体而言产生IFN-γ及TNF-α、IFN-γ及IL-2二者。
总体而言,这些结果表明,在用作佐剂时,CPG 24555在产生多功能抗原特异性T细胞群方面优于CPG 10103。这可具有重要意义,因为普遍认为多功能T细胞尤其在产生趋化因子(例如IFN-γ、TNF-α及IL-2)方面优于分泌单一细胞因子的T细胞的效应子细胞。
实施例2:
CPG 24555与CPG 10103的比较
所测试ODN的核苷酸序列
CPG ODN 10103
5′T*C*G*T*C*G*T*T*T*T*T*C*G*G*T*C*G*T*T*T*T 3′(SEQ ID NO:2)
CPG ODN 24555
5′T*C*G*T*C*G*T*T*T*T*T*C*G*G*T*G*C*T*T*T*T 3′(SEQ ID NO:1)
无CpG ODN 22881
5′T*G*C*T*G*C*T*T*T*T*T*G*G*C*T*G*C*T*T*T*T 3′(SEQ ID NO:4)
无CpG ODN 2137
5′T*G*C*T*G*C*T*T*T*T*G*T*G*C*T*T*T*T*G*T*G*C*T*T 3′(SEQ ID NO:5)
*表示硫代磷酸酯键(PS)
序列中的下划线部分代表CPG ODN 10103与CPG ODN 24555之间的差异。
人类的最佳CpG基序:GTCGTT
人类PBMC中的先天免疫
将人类PBMC(5×106/ml)与各种浓度的CPG 10103、CPG 24555或非CpG对照ODN 22881一起培养24或48h。收集细胞上清并使用市售ELISA试剂盒测定细胞因子/趋化因子的分泌(图9A及图9B)。
BALB/c小鼠中的体内先天免疫
以100μg的剂量水平向BALB/c小鼠(n=5/组)皮下注射PBS(安慰剂对照)、CPG 24555、CPG 10103或非CpG对照ODN 2137。在注射后第3小时对动物抽血,并使用市售ELISA测定血浆中的IP-10(图10A)及IL-12(图10B)或IL-6(图10C)。所显示结果为各组平均值±平均值标准误差(NS=不显著)。
BALB/c小鼠中的体内体液免疫
向BALB/c小鼠肌内注射HBsAg(1μg)以及CPG 2455、CPG 10103或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg)或单独注射HBsAg(1μg)。在第0天及第14天对小鼠进行注射。所显示结果为在加强后2周通过终点ELISA测量的HBsAg特异性总IgG效价(图11A)。
向C57bl/6小鼠肌内注射OVA(20μg)以及CPG ODN 2455、CPG 10103或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg)或单独注射OVA(20μg)。在第0天、第7天及第21天对小鼠进行注射。所显示结果为在最后一次加强后1周的OVA特异性总IgG效价(图11B)。
向BALB/c小鼠肌内注射来自Texas 1/77(H3N2)的流感A HA(1μg)±明矾(25μg Al3+),以及10μg CPG ODN 2455、CPG 10103或非CpG对照ODN2137,或单独注射流感A HA(1μg)±明矾(25μg Al3+)。所显示结果为在免疫后不同时间通过终点ELISA测量的HA特异性总IgG的动力学(图11C)。
BALB/c小鼠中的T细胞应答
向BALB/c小鼠肌内注射HBsAg(1μg)以及CPG ODN 2455、CPG 10103或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg)或单独注射HBsAg(1μg)。在第0天及第14天对小鼠进行注射。所显示结果为在加强后2周通过51Cr释放测量的HBsAg特异性CTL(图12A)。
向C57bl/6小鼠肌内注射OVA(20μg)以及CPG ODN 2455、CPG 10103或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg)或单独注射OVA(20μg)。在第0天、第7天及第21天对小鼠进行注射。所显示结果为在最后一次加强后1周通过51Cr释放测量的OVA特异性CTL(图12B)。
向BALB/c小鼠肌内注射HBsAg(1μg)以及CPG ODN 2455、CPG 10103或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg)或单独注射HBsAg(1μg)。在第0天及第14天对小鼠进行注射。从最后一次加强后第2周将脾细胞与各抗原一起温育72小时并通过ELISA来测试培养上清中的IFN-γ(图13A)。
向C57bl/6小鼠肌内注射OVA(20μg)以及CPG ODN 2455、CPG 10103或非CpG对照ODN 2137(10μg)或单独注射OVA(20μg)。在第0天、第7天及第21天对小鼠进行注射。从最后一次加强后第1周将脾细胞与各抗原一起温育72小时并通过ELISA来测试培养上清中的IFN-γ(图13B)。
结果与讨论
CPG 10103及CPG 24555具有相同的核苷酸序列,但在CPG 10103中最靠近3′的CG二核苷酸反转为CPG 24555中的GC,从而导致CPG 24555中的CpG基序消失。根据此前的报道,在两侧序列、基序位置及间距相同时,CPG基序数量增加应该可以导致免疫刺激的增强。根据此前的知识,预计CPG 24555的免疫刺激性可能会低于CPG 10103且作为疫苗佐剂的有效性可能较低。然而,上述结果表明,CPG 24555的免疫刺激性潜力及佐剂活性类似于或大于CPG 10103。
实施例3
在BALB/C小鼠中比较作为疫苗佐剂的CPG 10103、CPG 24555及CPG7909与流感血凝素抗原(HA)
方法及材料
通过将来自Texas 1/77(H3N2)的流感A血凝素(HA)(1μg)±CpG或对照ODN(10mg)±明矾(25mg Al3+)以50μl总体积肌内(IM)注射至左胫骨前肌(TA)中来对雌性BALB/c小鼠(10/gp)进行免疫。在免疫后以不同时间间隔对小鼠抽血以评价HA特异性抗体应答。在免疫后第6周对每组中的一半动物实施无痛处死以评价细胞介导的免疫应答(CTL、HA特异性IFN-g分泌及T-细胞细胞因子分泌的流式细胞检测测定)。
表3
结果及讨论
在免疫后第6周的抗HA
在免疫后第6周测量抗HA的量。CPG 24555在提高HA特异性IgG方面优于CPG 10103及CPG 7909(图14)。
在免疫后第4周的血凝抑制(HLA)效价
使用血凝抑制分析(HLA)来评估抗体的功能性。在单独用作佐剂时,CPG 24555在提高HIA效价方面优于CPG 10103(p=0.009)且等同于CPG7909(p=0.1)(图15)。所测试的所有3种CpG ODN在与明矾组合使用时可同等程度地提高HIA效价。
HA特异性IFNγ分泌
测量所分泌IFNγ的浓度。在单独用作佐剂时,CPG 24555在提高HA特异性IFN-γ分泌(细胞介导免疫的标记)方面优于CPG 10103(图16)。在与明矾组合使用时,CPG 24555在提高HA特异性IFN-γ分泌方面优于CPG10103及CPG 7909(图16)。
实施例4
CPG 24555与CPG 7909作为针对乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)的疫苗佐剂在食蟹猴中的比较
材料及方法
以肌内方式(在右四头肌0.6ml IM注射)用以下试剂对食蟹猴(3-5岁;2.5至5.5kg;n=5/gp;但在HBsAg+IMX组中n=4)进行免疫:
1)Engerix-B(儿科剂量;10mg HBsAg)
2)Engerix-B+CPG 7909(0.5mg)
3)Engerix-B+CPG 24555(0.5mg)
动物接受3次免疫;在第0周(初次免疫)、第4周(加强1)及第8周(加强2)。在初次免疫前、初次免疫后第4周(第4周)、加强1后第2周(第6周)、加强1后第4周(第8周)及加强2后第2周(第10周)对动物抽血。如下所述进行HBsAg特异性免疫测定:
1)抗体效价及亲和力
2)胞内细胞因子分泌(IL-2、IFN-γ、TNF-α)
3)多功能T细胞
4)ELISPOT分析:IL2、TNF-α、IFN-γ、穿孔蛋白(Perforin)
结果与讨论
体液应答
通过在疫苗接种前所检测较高程度的HBsAg特异性抗体效价可了解动物在此研究中预先暴露于乙型肝炎病毒的可能性。此外,通过血清学检测,所测试批次中一只动物对HBV呈阳性,此表明其可能暴露于HBV。然而,通过PCR来检测,此研究中所测试的所有动物均对HBV呈阴性。每次加强均使抗HBsAg效价有所提高。相对于单独使用Engerix-B,向Engerix-B添加CpG可提高HBsAg特异性抗体效价(图17)。此外,相对于单独使用Engerix-B,添加CpG可增强抗体亲和力(图18)。在提高抗体效价及亲和力二者方面CPG 24555等同于CPG 7909。
T细胞应答:CD4 T细胞的胞内细胞因子分泌
向Engerix-B添加CpG倾向于提高CD4 T细胞介导的IFN-γ及TNF-α而非IL-2分泌的频率(图19A、B及C)。总之,CPG 24555在诱导CD4介导细胞因子方面等同于或优于CPG 7909。
T细胞应答:多功能CD4 T细胞;定量分析
在第10周(加强2后第2周)测量分泌一种、两种或三种细胞因子的细胞的数量。CPG 24555在诱导分泌一种细胞因子的Engerix-B特异性CD4 T细胞方面等同于CPG 7909。总之,检测到相对低含量的三细胞因子产生型CD4 T细胞。然而,CPG 24555所诱导的三细胞因子产生型CD4 T细胞多于CPG 7909或单独使用Engerix-B(图20A)。此外,经Engerix-B+CPG 24555免疫的动物的三细胞因子产生型T细胞的比例高于经Engerix-B单独免疫或经Engerix-B+CPG 7909免疫的动物(图20B)。
T细胞应答:多功能CD4 T细胞;定性分析
测量分泌IL-2、IFN-γ及TNFα、或这些细胞因子组合的细胞的数量。CPG 24555在诱导多功能T细胞方面等同于或优于CPG 7909(图21A及图21B)。
T细胞应答:CD4 T细胞的多功能性
在加强2后第2周测量三细胞因子产生型CD4 T细胞的比例。使用CPG24555时所观察到的三细胞因子产生型CD4 T细胞的比例高于使用CPG7909时的比例。
结论
根据数据,CPG 24555中3′CpG基序的消失对其提高抗原特异性免疫应答的能力无任何负面影响,且其显示等同于或优于CPG 10103及CPG7909的适应性免疫应答的提高。在小鼠中使用多种抗原观察到的CPG24555的佐剂活性也可在非人灵长类中使用CPG 24555来达成,其相对于在食蟹猴中使用乙型肝炎表面抗原时CPG 7909的佐剂活性显示相等(体液免疫)或较优(Ag特异性多功能T细胞)的佐剂活性。
本领域技术人员仅使用常规实验即可确认或能确定本文所述本发明的具体实施方案具有许多等效形式。这些等效形式均要涵盖在下述权利要求的范围中。
Claims (30)
1.一种免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其包含核苷酸序列
5′TCGTCGTTTTTCGGTGCTTTT 3′(SEQ ID NO:1)。
2.权利要求1的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中所述寡核苷酸包含一或多个经修饰的键。
3.权利要求2的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中所述寡核苷酸包含一或多个硫代磷酸酯键。
4.权利要求1的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,其中所述寡核苷酸包含至少一个亲脂性经取代的核苷酸类似物以及嘧啶-嘌呤二核苷酸。
5.一种疫苗,其包含
抗原以及含有核苷酸序列SEQ ID NO:1的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,还包含药物可接受的载体。
6.权利要求5的疫苗,其中所述免疫刺激性寡核苷酸为诱导抗原特异性免疫应答的有效量。
7.权利要求6的疫苗,其中所诱导的抗原特异性免疫应答是Th1免疫应答。
8.权利要求5的疫苗,其中所述抗原是微生物抗原、自身抗原或成瘾性物质。
9.权利要求8的疫苗,其中所述微生物抗原是细菌抗原、病毒抗原或寄生虫抗原。
10.权利要求9的疫苗,其中
a)所述细菌抗原与金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、引起龋齿的细菌、或引起牙周病的细菌相关;
b)所述病毒抗原与呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、单纯疱疹病毒1、单纯疱疹病毒2、人类免疫缺陷病毒-1(HIV-1)或HIV-2相关,或者
c)所述寄生虫抗原与引起疟疾的寄生虫相关。
11.权利要求10的疫苗,其中
a)所述引起龋齿的细菌是变异链球菌(Streptococcus mutans)、龋齿链球菌(Streptococcus sobrinus)、血链球菌(Streptococcus sanguis)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilis)、或粘液放线菌(Actinomyces viscosus);或者b)所述引起牙周病的细菌是牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis)或伴放线放线杆菌(Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans)。
12.权利要求8的疫苗,其中所述自身抗原是肿瘤抗原、与阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s Disease)有关的抗原、针对人抗体的抗原、从人内源性逆转录病毒元件表达的抗原、或者与载体缀合的尼古丁半抗原。
13.权利要求12的疫苗,其中
a)所述肿瘤抗原是HER2、MAGE、NY-ESO、PSA、CEA或EGFR的变体形式;
b)所述与阿尔茨海默病有关的抗原是τ-或β-淀粉状蛋白;
c)所述抗原是IgE;或者
d)与所述尼古丁半抗原缀合的载体是白喉毒素(DT)。
14.权利要求5的疫苗,其中所述抗原是肽、重组蛋白、纯化蛋白、全灭活病原体、活的减毒病毒或病毒载体、活的减毒细菌或细菌载体、多糖、半抗原、或由质粒DNA所编码的。
15.权利要求5的疫苗,其中所述抗原缀合至载体。
16.权利要求15的疫苗,其中所述载体是白喉毒素(DT)或病毒样颗粒,其中所述病毒样颗粒是RNA噬菌体Q-β、乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、或乙型肝炎核心抗原(HBcAg)。
17.权利要求5的疫苗,其还包含一或多种佐剂。
18.权利要求17的疫苗,其中所述佐剂是非TLR9的Toll样受体(TLR)的激动剂。
19.权利要求18的疫苗,其中所述激动剂是TLR 3、TLR 4、TLR 5、TLR 7或TLR 8的激动剂。
20.权利要求19的疫苗,其中
a)所述TLR 3激动剂是经稳定的聚I:C;
b)所述TLR 4激动剂是脂多糖(LPS)衍生物;
c)所述TLR 5激动剂是鞭毛蛋白;或者
d)所述TLR 7或TLR 8激动剂是咪唑并喹啉家族的小分子。
21.权利要求20的疫苗,其中所述LPS衍生物是MPL或GLA。
22.权利要求17的疫苗,其中所述佐剂是铝盐、免疫刺激性复合物(ISCOM)、水包油或油包水乳液、脂质体或递送系统。
23.权利要求22的疫苗,其中
a)所述铝盐是氢氧化铝;或
b)所述递送系统是纳米颗粒或微粒。
24.权利要求5的疫苗,其中所述免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包含一或多个经修饰的键。
25.权利要求24的疫苗,其中
a)所述免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包含一或多个硫代磷酸酯键;或者
b)所述免疫刺激性寡核苷酸包含至少一个亲脂性经取代的核苷酸类似物及嘧啶-嘌呤二核苷酸。
26.权利要求5的疫苗,其中所述疫苗经配制用于施用。
27.权利要求5的疫苗,其中
a)所述疫苗经配制以通过肠胃外途径施用,其中所述肠胃外途径是肌内、皮下、皮内、静脉内或腹膜内;或者
b)所述疫苗经配制以通过体表途径施用,其中所述体表途径是皮肤、经皮或粘膜表面。
28.权利要求27的疫苗,其中所述粘膜途径是口服、鼻内、阴道内、直肠内、口内或眼内。
29.一种在有需要的对象中诱导抗原特异性免疫应答的方法,包括对对象施用抗原以及有效量的包含核苷酸序列SEQ ID NO:1的免疫刺激性寡核苷酸,以在所述对象中诱导抗原特异性免疫应答。
30.权利要求29的方法,其中所述抗原是微生物抗原、自身抗原或成瘾性物质。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12102208P | 2008-12-09 | 2008-12-09 | |
US61/121,022 | 2008-12-09 | ||
US18179909P | 2009-05-28 | 2009-05-28 | |
US61/181,799 | 2009-05-28 | ||
PCT/IB2009/055444 WO2010067262A1 (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2009-12-01 | Immunostimulatory oligonucleotides |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN102333538A true CN102333538A (zh) | 2012-01-25 |
CN102333538B CN102333538B (zh) | 2014-01-15 |
Family
ID=41716468
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN200980149607.3A Expired - Fee Related CN102333538B (zh) | 2008-12-09 | 2009-12-01 | 免疫刺激性寡核苷酸 |
Country Status (27)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9453059B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP2376107B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5016733B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101329374B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102333538B (zh) |
AR (1) | AR074501A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2009325926B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0923341B8 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2745096C (zh) |
CO (1) | CO6382137A2 (zh) |
DK (2) | DK2759306T3 (zh) |
ES (2) | ES2481040T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1165325A1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUE027823T2 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL213162A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2011006088A (zh) |
MY (2) | MY172421A (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ593220A (zh) |
PE (1) | PE20110998A1 (zh) |
PL (2) | PL2759306T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT2376107E (zh) |
RU (2) | RU2477753C2 (zh) |
SG (1) | SG171829A1 (zh) |
SI (2) | SI2759306T1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI370740B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010067262A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA201104048B (zh) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105683372A (zh) * | 2013-09-20 | 2016-06-15 | 国立研究开发法人医疗基盘健康荣养研究所 | 具有免疫增强活性的包含寡核苷酸的复合体及其用途 |
CN105936906A (zh) * | 2013-11-08 | 2016-09-14 | 上海交通大学 | 被修饰的含CpG序列单元的寡聚脱氧核苷酸分子及其用途 |
CN108472358A (zh) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-08-31 | 盐野义制药株式会社 | 具有免疫赋活活性的核酸衍生物 |
WO2021115410A1 (zh) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-17 | 南京远大赛威信生物医药有限公司 | 免疫刺激组合物及其用途 |
WO2022228560A1 (zh) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-03 | 华普生物技术(江苏)股份有限公司 | 人工合成的含CpG单链脱氧寡核苷酸在疫苗中的应用 |
Families Citing this family (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PE20110998A1 (es) * | 2008-12-09 | 2012-02-10 | Coley Pharm Group Inc | Oligonucleotidos inmunoestimuladores |
DK3549949T5 (da) | 2011-04-22 | 2024-09-02 | Wyeth Llc | Sammensætninger vedrørende et mutant Clostridium-difficile-toksin og fremgangsmåder dertil |
SG11201407875UA (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2014-12-30 | Aduro Biotech | Compostions and methods for cancer immunotherapy |
BR122016023101B1 (pt) | 2012-10-21 | 2022-03-22 | Pfizer Inc | Polipeptídeo, composição imunogênica que o compreende, bem como célula recombinante derivada de clostridium difficile |
WO2014093936A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2014-06-19 | Aduro Biotech, Inc. | Compositions comprising cyclic purine dinucleotides having defined stereochemistries and methods for their preparation and use |
EP2968515B1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2019-05-08 | Takeda Vaccines, Inc. | Compositions and methods for live, attenuated alphavirus formulations |
CN105358158A (zh) | 2013-04-29 | 2016-02-24 | 纪念斯隆-凯特琳癌症中心 | 用于改变第二信使信号传导的组合物和方法 |
JP2016518140A (ja) | 2013-05-03 | 2016-06-23 | ザ リージェンツ オブ ザ ユニバーシティ オブ カリフォルニア | I型インターフェロンの環状ジヌクレオチド誘導法 |
RS59500B1 (sr) | 2013-05-18 | 2019-12-31 | Aduro Biotech Inc | Sastavi i metode za aktiviranje signaliziranja koje je zavisno od „stimulatora gena za interferon“ |
US9549944B2 (en) | 2013-05-18 | 2017-01-24 | Aduro Biotech, Inc. | Compositions and methods for inhibiting “stimulator of interferon gene”—dependent signalling |
ES2750608T3 (es) | 2013-07-25 | 2020-03-26 | Exicure Inc | Construcciones esféricas a base de ácido nucleico como agentes inmunoestimulantes para uso profiláctico y terapéutico |
AR097029A1 (es) * | 2013-07-26 | 2016-02-17 | Intervet Int Bv | Aceleración de la respuesta inmune inducida por virus vectorial en aves, composición, uso, método para la vacunación y método para acelerar la respuesta inmune |
WO2015017652A1 (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-05 | Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center | Sting crystals and modulators |
EP3508198A1 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2019-07-10 | Exicure, Inc. | Multivalent delivery of immune modulators by liposomal spherical nucleic acids for prophylactic or therapeutic applications |
AU2015349680A1 (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2017-06-08 | Northwestern University | The sequence-specific cellular uptake of spherical nucleic acid nanoparticle conjugates |
EP3463446A1 (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2019-04-10 | Zoetis Services LLC | Vaccine against infectious bronchitis |
US11013757B2 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2021-05-25 | Wave Life Sciences Ltd. | Oligonucleotides, compositions and methods thereof |
US11364304B2 (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2022-06-21 | Northwestern University | Crosslinked micellar spherical nucleic acids |
KR101875055B1 (ko) * | 2016-10-19 | 2018-07-06 | 연세대학교 원주산학협력단 | 융합 단백질 및 그의 용도 |
KR102007203B1 (ko) * | 2016-10-20 | 2019-08-05 | 연세대학교 원주산학협력단 | 융합 단백질 및 그의 용도 |
WO2018209270A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | Northwestern University | Adoptive cell therapy using spherical nucleic acids (snas) |
KR20200047524A (ko) * | 2017-08-10 | 2020-05-07 | 이쉥 바이오파마(싱가포르)피티이 리미티드 | B형 간염 바이러스 감염을 치료 및/또는 예방하기 위한 조성물 및 이의 용도 |
WO2019064115A1 (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-04 | Pfizer Inc. | COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR GENERATING A DIFFICULT CLOSTRIDIUM IMMUNE RESPONSE |
EP3946444A1 (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2022-02-09 | Pfizer Inc. | Compositions and methods for eliciting an immune response against clostridium difficile |
US20230218735A1 (en) | 2020-06-19 | 2023-07-13 | Pfizer Inc. | Immunogenic compositions against clostridioides (clostridium) difficile and methods thereof |
CN112877275B (zh) * | 2021-02-04 | 2023-03-31 | 中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所 | Hdac2基因敲除的bhk-21细胞系及其构建方法和应用 |
TWI802177B (zh) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-05-11 | 景岳生物科技股份有限公司 | 副乾酪乳桿菌gmnl-32之核苷酸用於製備調節免疫能力之醫藥組合物的用途 |
WO2024127215A2 (en) | 2022-12-13 | 2024-06-20 | Pfizer Inc. | Immunogenic compositions and methods for eliciting an immune response against clostridioides (clostridium) difficile |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060229271A1 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2006-10-12 | Coley Pharmaceutical Group, Inc. | Methods for treating infectious disease exacerbated asthma |
CN101094594A (zh) * | 2003-12-08 | 2007-12-26 | 海布里顿公司 | 通过基于小寡核苷酸的化合物调节免疫刺激性质 |
Family Cites Families (84)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4469863A (en) | 1980-11-12 | 1984-09-04 | Ts O Paul O P | Nonionic nucleic acid alkyl and aryl phosphonates and processes for manufacture and use thereof |
DE3280400D1 (de) | 1981-10-23 | 1992-06-04 | Molecular Biosystems Inc | Oligonukleotides heilmittel und dessen herstellungsverfahren. |
US5023243A (en) | 1981-10-23 | 1991-06-11 | Molecular Biosystems, Inc. | Oligonucleotide therapeutic agent and method of making same |
DE4321946A1 (de) | 1993-07-01 | 1995-01-12 | Hoechst Ag | Methylphosphonsäureester, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
US5658738A (en) | 1994-05-31 | 1997-08-19 | Becton Dickinson And Company | Bi-directional oligonucleotides that bind thrombin |
US7935675B1 (en) | 1994-07-15 | 2011-05-03 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Immunostimulatory nucleic acid molecules |
US20030026782A1 (en) | 1995-02-07 | 2003-02-06 | Arthur M. Krieg | Immunomodulatory oligonucleotides |
US6207646B1 (en) | 1994-07-15 | 2001-03-27 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Immunostimulatory nucleic acid molecules |
EP1167377B2 (en) | 1994-07-15 | 2012-08-08 | University of Iowa Research Foundation | Immunomodulatory oligonucleotides |
US6429199B1 (en) | 1994-07-15 | 2002-08-06 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Immunostimulatory nucleic acid molecules for activating dendritic cells |
US6239116B1 (en) | 1994-07-15 | 2001-05-29 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Immunostimulatory nucleic acid molecules |
US6406705B1 (en) | 1997-03-10 | 2002-06-18 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Use of nucleic acids containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotide as an adjuvant |
DE69838294T2 (de) | 1997-05-20 | 2009-08-13 | Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nukleinsäurekonstrukten |
AU9480798A (en) | 1997-09-12 | 1999-03-29 | Williams Wireless, Inc. | Wide area remote telemetry |
US7393630B2 (en) | 1997-12-16 | 2008-07-01 | Novartis Vaccines And Diagnostics, Inc. | Use of microparticles combined with submicron oil-in-water emulsions |
CA2323929C (en) | 1998-04-03 | 2004-03-09 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Methods and products for stimulating the immune system using immunotherapeutic oligonucleotides and cytokines |
IL139813A0 (en) * | 1998-05-22 | 2002-02-10 | Loeb Health Res Inst At The Ot | Methods and products for inducing mucosal immunity |
SE9801923D0 (sv) * | 1998-05-29 | 1998-05-29 | Independent Pharmaceutical Ab | Nicotine vaccine |
US6232082B1 (en) | 1998-12-01 | 2001-05-15 | Nabi | Hapten-carrier conjugates for treating and preventing nicotine addiction |
US6977245B2 (en) | 1999-04-12 | 2005-12-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services | Oligodeoxynucleotide and its use to induce an immune response |
EP1176966B1 (en) | 1999-04-12 | 2013-04-03 | THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, as represented by THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES | Oligodeoxynucleotide and its use to induce an immune response |
AP1775A (en) | 1999-09-25 | 2007-08-28 | Univ Iowa Res Found | Immunostimulatory nucleic acids. |
US6949520B1 (en) | 1999-09-27 | 2005-09-27 | Coley Pharmaceutical Group, Inc. | Methods related to immunostimulatory nucleic acid-induced interferon |
ATE378348T1 (de) | 2000-01-14 | 2007-11-15 | Us Health | Oligodeoxynukleotide und ihre verwendung zur induktion einer immunreaktion |
US20030129251A1 (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2003-07-10 | Gary Van Nest | Biodegradable immunomodulatory formulations and methods for use thereof |
CA2420840A1 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2003-02-27 | Epigenomics Ag | Method for determining the degree of methylation of defined cytosines in genomic dna in the sequence context 5'-cpg-3' |
GB0031079D0 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2001-01-31 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Vaccine |
US7785610B2 (en) | 2001-06-21 | 2010-08-31 | Dynavax Technologies Corporation | Chimeric immunomodulatory compounds and methods of using the same—III |
CN100334228C (zh) | 2001-06-21 | 2007-08-29 | 戴纳瓦克斯技术公司 | 嵌合免疫调制化合物及其使用方法 |
US7354909B2 (en) | 2001-08-14 | 2008-04-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services | Method for rapid generation of mature dendritic cells |
DE60234375D1 (de) * | 2001-09-14 | 2009-12-24 | Cytos Biotechnology Ag | VERPACKUNG VON IMMUNSTIMULIERENDEM CpG IN VIRUSÄHNLICHEN PARTIKELN: HERSTELLUNGSVERFAHREN UND VERWENDUNG |
WO2003027313A2 (en) | 2001-09-24 | 2003-04-03 | The Government Of The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services | SUPPRESSORS OF CpG OLIGONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE |
WO2003054161A2 (en) | 2001-12-20 | 2003-07-03 | The Government Of The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services | USE OF CpG OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES TO INDUCE ANGIOGENESIS |
US20050089524A1 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2005-04-28 | Sanderson Sam D. | Compositions and compounds for use as molecular adjuvant for a nicotine vaccine |
US7569553B2 (en) | 2002-07-03 | 2009-08-04 | Coley Pharmaceutical Group, Inc. | Nucleic acid compositions for stimulating immune responses |
US7605138B2 (en) | 2002-07-03 | 2009-10-20 | Coley Pharmaceutical Group, Inc. | Nucleic acid compositions for stimulating immune responses |
US20040053880A1 (en) | 2002-07-03 | 2004-03-18 | Coley Pharmaceutical Group, Inc. | Nucleic acid compositions for stimulating immune responses |
US7807803B2 (en) | 2002-07-03 | 2010-10-05 | Coley Pharmaceutical Group, Inc. | Nucleic acid compositions for stimulating immune responses |
EP1575504A4 (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2009-11-04 | Us Gov Health & Human Serv | METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY ARTHROPATHIES WITH SUPPRESSORS OF THE CPG OLIGONUCLEOTIDES |
CN100471486C (zh) | 2002-08-12 | 2009-03-25 | 戴纳伐克斯技术股份有限公司 | 免疫调节组合物,其制备方法和使用方法 |
US8043622B2 (en) | 2002-10-08 | 2011-10-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services | Method of treating inflammatory lung disease with suppressors of CpG oligonucleotides |
ATE544466T1 (de) | 2002-10-29 | 2012-02-15 | Coley Pharm Group Inc | Verwendung von cpg oligonukleotide zur behandlung von hepatitis c virus infektion |
WO2004098491A2 (en) | 2002-11-01 | 2004-11-18 | The Government Of The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services | METHOD OF PREVENTING INFECTIONS FROM BIOTERRORISM AGENTS WITH IMMUNOSTIMULATORY CpG OLIGONUCLEOTIDES |
WO2004053104A2 (en) | 2002-12-11 | 2004-06-24 | Coley Pharmaceutical Group, Inc. | 5’ cpg nucleic acids and methods of use |
JP2006512391A (ja) | 2002-12-30 | 2006-04-13 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 組み合わせ免疫賦活薬 |
WO2004087203A2 (en) | 2003-04-02 | 2004-10-14 | Coley Pharmaceutical Group, Ltd. | Immunostimulatory nucleic acid oil-in-water formulations for topical application |
OA13310A (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2007-04-13 | Anadys Pharmaceuticals Inc | TLR7 ligands for the treatment of hepatitis C. |
GB0321615D0 (en) | 2003-09-15 | 2003-10-15 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Improvements in vaccination |
JP4989225B2 (ja) | 2003-09-25 | 2012-08-01 | コーリー ファーマシューティカル グループ,インコーポレイテッド | 核酸親油性接合体 |
KR101107818B1 (ko) | 2003-10-30 | 2012-01-31 | 콜레이 파마시티컬 그룹, 인코포레이티드 | 향상된 면역자극 효능을 가진 c-부류 올리고뉴클레오티드유사체 |
JP2008506683A (ja) | 2004-07-18 | 2008-03-06 | コーリー ファーマシューティカル グループ, リミテッド | 先天免疫応答を誘導するための方法および組成物 |
MY159370A (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2016-12-30 | Coley Pharm Group Inc | Semi-soft-class immunostimulatory oligonucleotides |
US20060111271A1 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2006-05-25 | Cerny Erich H | Active and passive immunization against pharmacologically active hapten molecules using a synthetic carrier compound composed of similar elements |
EP2351577A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 | 2011-08-03 | Mannkind Corporation | Methods to trigger, maintain and manipulate immune responses by targeted administration of biological response modifiers into lymphoid organs |
CA2620582C (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2015-11-10 | Dennis M. Klinman | Methods of altering an immune response induced by cpg oligodeoxynucleotides |
WO2007064478A2 (en) | 2005-11-28 | 2007-06-07 | Nabi Biopharmaceuticals | Method for making nicotine hapten |
CN101479375B (zh) | 2006-05-03 | 2016-03-30 | 科罗拉多州立大学董事会 | Cd40激动剂抗体/1型干扰素协同佐剂组合、包含前述的结合物及其作为增强细胞免疫的治疗剂的用途 |
TR201807756T4 (tr) | 2006-09-26 | 2018-06-21 | Infectious Disease Res Inst | Sentetik adjuvan içeren aşı bileşimi. |
US20090181078A1 (en) | 2006-09-26 | 2009-07-16 | Infectious Disease Research Institute | Vaccine composition containing synthetic adjuvant |
RU2009125599A (ru) | 2006-12-04 | 2011-01-20 | Дзе Борд Оф Трастиз Оф Дзе Юниверсити Оф Иллинойс (Us) | Композиции и способы лечения рака cpg-богатой днк и купредоксинами |
MX350501B (es) * | 2007-10-12 | 2017-09-07 | Massachusetts Inst Technology | Nanotecnologia de vacuna. |
WO2009109428A2 (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2009-09-11 | Alpha-O Peptides Ag | Self-assembling peptide nanoparticles useful as vaccines |
WO2009149252A1 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-10 | Cornell University | Vaccines for prevention and treatment of addiction |
US8728465B2 (en) | 2008-06-17 | 2014-05-20 | Cedars-Sinai Medical Center | Use of toll-like receptor ligands as adjuvants to vaccination therapy for brain tumors |
DK2310046T3 (da) | 2008-06-27 | 2016-04-25 | Zoetis Services Llc | Hidtil ukendte adjuvanssammensætninger |
US8343498B2 (en) * | 2008-10-12 | 2013-01-01 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Adjuvant incorporation in immunonanotherapeutics |
US8591905B2 (en) * | 2008-10-12 | 2013-11-26 | The Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. | Nicotine immunonanotherapeutics |
US8053422B2 (en) | 2008-12-04 | 2011-11-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services | Anti-cancer oligodeoxynucleotides |
PE20110998A1 (es) * | 2008-12-09 | 2012-02-10 | Coley Pharm Group Inc | Oligonucleotidos inmunoestimuladores |
US8552165B2 (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2013-10-08 | Heather Davis | Immunostimulatory oligonucleotides |
EP2376108B1 (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2017-02-22 | Pfizer Vaccines LLC | IgE CH3 PEPTIDE VACCINE |
BRPI1014494A2 (pt) | 2009-04-30 | 2016-08-02 | Coley Pharm Group Inc | vacina pneumocócica e usos da mesma |
CN107252482A (zh) * | 2009-05-27 | 2017-10-17 | 西莱克塔生物科技公司 | 具有不同释放速率的纳米载体加工组分 |
PE20120817A1 (es) | 2009-07-30 | 2012-07-07 | Pfizer Vaccines Llc | Peptidos tau antigenicos y usos de los mismos |
TW201109031A (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2011-03-16 | Nabi Biopharmaceuticals | Method and kit for treating nicotine addiction |
PE20161560A1 (es) | 2009-09-03 | 2017-01-11 | Pfizer Vaccines Llc | Vacuna de pcsk9 |
JP2011092108A (ja) | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-12 | Rikkyo Gakuin | シアニジウム類由来のプロトンatpアーゼ遺伝子を用いた耐性植物体の作出方法及び該遺伝子の用途 |
US20110293701A1 (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-01 | Selecta Biosciences, Inc. | Multivalent synthetic nanocarrier vaccines |
US10456463B2 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2019-10-29 | Zoetis Belgium S.A | Vaccines comprising cholesterol and CpG as sole adjuvant-carrier molecules |
TWI455722B (zh) * | 2010-06-04 | 2014-10-11 | Pfizer Vaccines Llc | 用於預防或治療菸鹼成癮之共軛體 |
CA2800774A1 (en) | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-15 | Pfizer Vaccines Llc | Ige ch3 peptide vaccine |
DK3549949T5 (da) * | 2011-04-22 | 2024-09-02 | Wyeth Llc | Sammensætninger vedrørende et mutant Clostridium-difficile-toksin og fremgangsmåder dertil |
CA2854934A1 (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2013-05-16 | Novartis Ag | Carrier molecule comprising a spr0096 and a spr2021 antigen |
US20150017201A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-01-15 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Novel nicotine dna vaccines |
-
2009
- 2009-12-01 PE PE2011001201A patent/PE20110998A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-12-01 DK DK14161886.8T patent/DK2759306T3/en active
- 2009-12-01 PT PT97749782T patent/PT2376107E/pt unknown
- 2009-12-01 EP EP09774978.2A patent/EP2376107B1/en active Active
- 2009-12-01 ES ES09774978.2T patent/ES2481040T3/es active Active
- 2009-12-01 PL PL14161886.8T patent/PL2759306T3/pl unknown
- 2009-12-01 EP EP14161886.8A patent/EP2759306B1/en active Active
- 2009-12-01 RU RU2011122418/10A patent/RU2477753C2/ru active
- 2009-12-01 BR BRPI0923341A patent/BRPI0923341B8/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-12-01 KR KR1020117015657A patent/KR101329374B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-12-01 NZ NZ593220A patent/NZ593220A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-12-01 SI SI200931411A patent/SI2759306T1/sl unknown
- 2009-12-01 CN CN200980149607.3A patent/CN102333538B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-12-01 MY MYPI2015000983A patent/MY172421A/en unknown
- 2009-12-01 SI SI200930939T patent/SI2376107T1/sl unknown
- 2009-12-01 CA CA2745096A patent/CA2745096C/en active Active
- 2009-12-01 SG SG2011038270A patent/SG171829A1/en unknown
- 2009-12-01 DK DK09774978.2T patent/DK2376107T3/da active
- 2009-12-01 ES ES14161886.8T patent/ES2572563T3/es active Active
- 2009-12-01 MX MX2011006088A patent/MX2011006088A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-12-01 JP JP2011540283A patent/JP5016733B2/ja active Active
- 2009-12-01 HU HUE14161886A patent/HUE027823T2/hu unknown
- 2009-12-01 AU AU2009325926A patent/AU2009325926B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-12-01 PL PL09774978T patent/PL2376107T3/pl unknown
- 2009-12-01 WO PCT/IB2009/055444 patent/WO2010067262A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-12-01 MY MYPI2011002378A patent/MY160201A/en unknown
- 2009-12-07 AR ARP090104733A patent/AR074501A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-12-08 TW TW098141948A patent/TWI370740B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2011
- 2011-05-26 IL IL213162A patent/IL213162A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-05-31 ZA ZA2011/04048A patent/ZA201104048B/en unknown
- 2011-06-10 CO CO11072590A patent/CO6382137A2/es active IP Right Grant
-
2012
- 2012-06-27 HK HK12106265.1A patent/HK1165325A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-11-27 RU RU2012150453A patent/RU2610690C2/ru active
-
2013
- 2013-06-28 US US13/930,213 patent/US9453059B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101094594A (zh) * | 2003-12-08 | 2007-12-26 | 海布里顿公司 | 通过基于小寡核苷酸的化合物调节免疫刺激性质 |
US20060229271A1 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2006-10-12 | Coley Pharmaceutical Group, Inc. | Methods for treating infectious disease exacerbated asthma |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
ANNA LUGANINI ET AL: "Phosphorothioate-Modified Oligodeoxynucleotides Inhibit Human Cytomegalovirus Replication by Blocking Virus Entry", 《ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY》 * |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105683372A (zh) * | 2013-09-20 | 2016-06-15 | 国立研究开发法人医疗基盘健康荣养研究所 | 具有免疫增强活性的包含寡核苷酸的复合体及其用途 |
US10202606B2 (en) | 2013-09-20 | 2019-02-12 | National Institutes Of Biomedical Innovation, Health And Nutrition | Complex containing oligonucleotide having immunopotentiating activity and use thereof |
US11015202B2 (en) | 2013-09-20 | 2021-05-25 | National Institutes Of Biomedical Innovation, Health And Nutrition | Complex containing oligonucleotide having immunopotentiating activity and use thereof |
CN105936906A (zh) * | 2013-11-08 | 2016-09-14 | 上海交通大学 | 被修饰的含CpG序列单元的寡聚脱氧核苷酸分子及其用途 |
CN105936906B (zh) * | 2013-11-08 | 2019-06-21 | 上海交通大学 | 被修饰的含CpG序列单元的寡聚脱氧核苷酸分子及其用途 |
CN108472358A (zh) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-08-31 | 盐野义制药株式会社 | 具有免疫赋活活性的核酸衍生物 |
CN108472358B (zh) * | 2015-09-30 | 2022-06-24 | 盐野义制药株式会社 | 具有免疫赋活活性的核酸衍生物 |
WO2021115410A1 (zh) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-17 | 南京远大赛威信生物医药有限公司 | 免疫刺激组合物及其用途 |
CN112972670A (zh) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-18 | 远大赛威信生命科学(南京)有限公司 | 免疫刺激组合物及其用途 |
CN112972670B (zh) * | 2019-12-13 | 2023-12-19 | 远大赛威信生命科学(南京)有限公司 | 免疫刺激组合物及其用途 |
WO2022228560A1 (zh) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-03 | 华普生物技术(江苏)股份有限公司 | 人工合成的含CpG单链脱氧寡核苷酸在疫苗中的应用 |
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN102333538B (zh) | 免疫刺激性寡核苷酸 | |
ES2314099T3 (es) | Oligonucleotidos inmunoestimulantes con motivos combinados con actividad mejorada. | |
JP6406793B2 (ja) | トール様受容体に基づく免疫反応を調整する免疫調節ヌクレオチド(iro)化合物 | |
US8552165B2 (en) | Immunostimulatory oligonucleotides | |
JP2008000001A (ja) | 免疫刺激オリゴヌクレオチドおよびその医薬用途 | |
JP2005519035A (ja) | 免疫促進性オリゴデオキシヌクレオチド | |
US10041076B2 (en) | Immune regulatory oligonucleotide (IRO) compounds to modulate toll-like receptor based immune response | |
WO2009154609A1 (en) | Immune regulatory oligonucleotide (iro) compounds to modulate toll-like receptor based immune response | |
WO2009154610A1 (en) | Immune regulatory oligonucleotide (iro) compounds to modulate toll-like receptor based immune response |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: DE Ref document number: 1165325 Country of ref document: HK |
|
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: GR Ref document number: 1165325 Country of ref document: HK |
|
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140115 |
|
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |