CN102326502A - U-shaped and V-shaped three-dimensional double-layer grape trellis and double-row planting plant for grape planting - Google Patents
U-shaped and V-shaped three-dimensional double-layer grape trellis and double-row planting plant for grape planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN102326502A CN102326502A CN201110315497A CN201110315497A CN102326502A CN 102326502 A CN102326502 A CN 102326502A CN 201110315497 A CN201110315497 A CN 201110315497A CN 201110315497 A CN201110315497 A CN 201110315497A CN 102326502 A CN102326502 A CN 102326502A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a U-shaped and V-shaped three-dimensional double-layer grape trellis which comprises a three-dimensional double-layer V-shaped and U-shaped grape trellis body formed by the connection of a lower V-shaped frame and an upper U-shaped frame on a central main pile. The invention also discloses a double-row planting plant for grape planting. After the U-shaped and V-shaped three-dimensional double-layer grape trellis and the double-row planting plant for grape planting are combined, the acre yield is doubled based on the rated technical index of high-quality grapes per unit area in domestic and overseas at present, and the products have high quality and are environmentally-friendly; and according to the invention, the efficacy is obvious, the science and technology are novel, the technology is simple and feasible, the benefit is rapid and efficient, and the grape trellis and the double-row planting plant for grape planting are suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the combination of support body that a kind of grape produces, particularly relate to a kind of V, U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis and be used for the combination of the duplicate rows field planting plant of wine-growing with plant.
Background technology
Write the grape of good reputation appellation first of domestic " five farmings "; Because of its unique climbing crawl pasture growth characteristics and can not the be naturally upright attribute that is shaped and grows; In grape was from ancient times to the present produced, what people all adopted widely was the three-dimensional individual layer result's of greenhouse frame, pony set and the plant combination of single file dragon rod and the fan-shaped plant combination of single hedge frame, two hedge frame and single file frame strain combining structure pattern.From domestic the success of a kind of " diesis shape frame ", this support body and the frame strain combining structure pattern that forms three-dimensional individual layer result from the single file mobile jib shape plant combination back of wound arranged the latter stage nineties.This its unique simplicity of design of strain combining structure pattern is reasonable, production daylighting face width; Many advantages such as property of fine quality that the plant protection effect is good, grape is got bumper crops is strong are pressed beautiful and fragrant flowers; Become a common recognition of current domestic grape industry development, and reach the development status that substitutes traditional single hedge frame and two hedge framves productions.But the comprehensively described several kinds of frame strain combining structures of using in grape production broad-spectrum both at home and abroad at present all exist the fruit bearing shoot group cultivation shaping of plant to cause the benefit cycle long slowly in actual production; Nourishing and growing of plant is big with the living growth Balance Control technical difficulty of planting; Plant is difficult to improve in the yield per unit area of high-quality grape.So that form the society of restriction for a long time, get bumper crops biennial bearing serious, high-quality yield poorly a poor circulation slow in the operation of the garden of building of grape industry development.At present both at home and abroad in the specified technical indicator of the unit are of high-quality grape still be trapped in year period surplus in the of 30 " fringe weigh 500 surplus 2000 jin of grams, per mu yield jin surplus 3000, jin surplus indivedual best high yields can not surpass 4000 " on the standard.Domestic grape authoritative experts stress, south is in the per mu yield standard of high-quality grape, should be controlled at 2000 surplus below the jin.The specified branch of the unit are of day this part high-quality grape art index, strong control fringe weigh 400 surplus jin scope surplus the gram, per mu yield 1500.Production technology dynamics for how further making great efforts to improve the high-quality grape product still seriously receives the production contradiction button system of " it is of fine quality greatly that fruit is big of fine qualityly to be difficult to high yield, high yield is difficult to fruit ", is still the current line industry and urgently expects the problem of assaulting fortified position solving.
The patent No. is that 200810124300.5 Chinese patent has been announced a kind of " the special-purpose two V layer illumination rack of grape cultivation "; This posture is that basic intention comes by conventional diesis wishbone; Its original on year-on-year basis diesis wishbone; The wishbone that the space is many one deck and lower floor size equate basically, formation has become existing dual-layer stereo result by original three-dimensional individual layer result.This posture wants the development of one deck to conceive in solid space more, has drawn back grape dual-layer stereo result's development curtain since the dawn of human civilization, the innovation greatly that also current especially grape production posture structural development system is changed.But because the comprehensive Design of this rack and panel construction is unreasonable; And still by tradition conventional production frame plant combining structure mode and single file field planting strain combination; Cause plant to be difficult to adapt to dual-layer stereo result's needs; Bring many undesirable elements of this strain combining structure to be thus: at first to be because the single file plant is for adapting to dual-layer stereo support body result's requirement; Need two-layer equal fruit bearing shoot group up and down be set in the strain same taking root in, this is for the grapevine seedling of the intrinsic growth that can not uprightly be shaped naturally, a little less than forming the strong lower floor in upper strata of whole frame body plant strain growth under the intrinsic apical dominance effect of plant; Next be in bilevel bearing basal shoot because of the angular dimension difference of growing point separately causes the strong and weak uneven of dendritic growth each other, particularly lower floor is serious; Secondly be lower floor again because of the pining down of the restriction that receives upper strata plant structure and dendritic growth, upgrade at the bearing basal shoot of lower floor and moving outside the position when need not retraction and upgrading, be difficult to satisfy and upgrade the needs of shearing the position and the renewal effect that promotes sprout growth; Conventional on year-on-year basis in addition individual layer plant result has more the manufacturing requirements height, management difficulty is big, and plant be shaped cause slowly getting bumper crops slow, so difficulty reaches the benefit purpose of this strain combining structure.
This support body is with two " diesis wishbone " overlapping forming in existing the production in the structure aspects of self basically.Many deficiency factors that this support body exists are: the one, and the frame structure of following wishbone and last wishbone big or small basic identical consistent, V-arrangement is to descending the serious illumination covering of V-arrangement on the formation; The 2nd, because last wishbone and the spacing between the following wishbone on this support body king pile are too little, cause the serious ventilation and penetrating light of support body central space not smooth; The 3rd, because the spreading angle of wishbone is not enough down, the branches and leaves of wishbone are the daylighting weak effect of the back of the body day type growth under forming; The 4th, because down wishbone is too short with the stent length of last wishbone, form after the sagging naturally growth of frame face branch that two-layer branches and leaves block each other inside and outside the formation self.Grape is a sun plant.Illumination is the most important condition that mattae is reached normal growth.Many frame structure frauds that influences ventilation and penetrating light that this support body exists because of; The photosynthetic effect that has restricted the whole plant normal growth of this support body produces; It is not enough to cause the parasitic leaf of whole frame body plant to increase nutrient accumulation down, finally causes the inaccessible due grape production effect of this support body to be brought into play.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency in the background, provide a kind of remarkably productive, science and technology is novel, technology is simple, benefit quickness and high efficiency, product " green " of fine quality---can be the current duplicate rows field planting plant that on the specified technical indicator of high-quality grape unit are, reaches V, the U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis of per mu yield multiplication both at home and abroad and be used for wine-growing.
The concrete technical problem that the present invention will solve is, mainly adopts the spatial development design, goes through V, the U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis that the present invention comprises and the two big supporting technology scheme approach realizations of the duplicate rows field planting plant that is used for wine-growing.
The concrete technical scheme of the V that the present invention comprised, U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis is; A kind of V, U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis; Comprise by wishbone and last U-shaped frame are connected dual-layer stereo V, the U-shaped grape support body that constitutes on the center king pile down; 180%～280% of the cantilever tip the first transaction of a day's business spacing that the said cantilever tip the first transaction of a day's business spacing of wishbone down is a upward U-shaped frame; Spacing between the bottom of the support base of following wishbone and last U-shaped frame is 20%～50% of a ground support body height; The support base of wishbone and king pile junction, center is 20%～40% of ground support body height to ground level under said, and the said bottom width of going up the U-shaped frame is to go up 20%～60% of U-shaped top of the trellis width.
In order better to realize the present invention, the lower end of said grape support body center king pile and upper end respectively are provided with a line position fixing point apart from the left of king pile center line and right-hand respectively, also are respectively equipped with line position fixing point on the support of said time wishbone and the support of last U-shaped frame.
Further, said line position fixing point can be that circular hole also can be the translot hole.
Further, said grape support body can be cast with bamboo wood, timber, plastic pipe, cement steel, steel.
A kind of duplicate rows field planting plant that is used for wine-growing comprises following method step successively:
(1). the location of duplicate rows field planting plant: a little spacing is arranged in the middle of the duplicate rows of duplicate rows field planting plant, and the spacing in the rows center field planting of another row is aimed at by the delegation of said duplicate rows field planting plant, and the subordinate of the delegation wishbone of said duplicate rows field planting plant, another row belong to goes up the U-shaped frame;
(2). the pruning of duplicate rows field planting plant: adopt by the tip in the high and main climing single armed horizontal shaping that constitutes of bar and prune; It is climing to keep a master on the plant bar height of said single armed horizontal shaping, and the middle tip of climing 5 to 6 buds in the winter time of said master is pruned back drawing towards side's level and tied up;
(3). the climing support body of master of duplicate rows field planting plant draws to be tied up: the climing level respectively of the master after will pruning is drawn and is tied up at following wishbone and last U-shaped frame on the horizontal line of the line position fixed point on the king pile of center; The fruit bearing shoot of said duplicate rows field planting plant was tied up in drawing of support body, fruit bearing shoot is then drawn by 16 centimetres to 20 centimetres spacing respectively tie up on the support horizontal line frame face of the support of wishbone down and last U-shaped frame.
The distance of the duplicate rows middle ware of duplicate rows field planting plant described in the step (1) is 5%～30% of a said duplicate rows field planting plant spacing in the rows; The spacing in the rows of said duplicate rows field planting plant is 10%～40% of a said duplicate rows field planting plant line-spacing.
Each phenophase productive technology management of said duplicate rows field planting plant is all carried out with reference to present domestic correlation technique standard in the high-quality grape product.
Said V, U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis and the duplicate rows field planting plant that is used for wine-growing are in the effect structure in space on the spot: the effect structure in said on the spot space is divided into and is bottom, middle part, top three major parts.Described bottom is a grape ventilation and penetrating light band; The middle part is a grape band as a result; Top is the grape branches and tendrils band of nourishing and growing, and rigorous on the spot space structure layout is organically become one with the on the spot Space of whole frame body, constitutes the V of a complete interaction, U-shaped dual-layer stereo result's grape support body.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. said duplicate rows field planting plant is combined the science and technology advantage of advanced technology intension in the existing production and autonomous innovation of the present invention together widely, is created to conventional single file field planting of producing since the dawn of human civilization, three-dimensional result's production structure pattern merely field planting of existing duplicate rows plant and dual-layer stereo result's production structure pattern; The complicated productive technology management of the short-and-medium tip of length that the many main climing structures of a strain of routine production, racemosus configuration set, multimode are pruned, be converted into the productive technology management of the simple and easy rapid shaping that the tip is pruned in the existing strain one climing; The variation that makes conventional grape production structure system produce basic matter.
2. said V, U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis design science are novel, technology is simple, effect fast doubles, and are that uva already develops once newly jumping of civilization, have great realistic meaning and far-reaching academic discuss is worth.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a thread syndeton sketch map of the present invention.
Embodiment
To combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is described further below.
Consult Fig. 1; A kind of V, U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis; Comprise by following wishbone 1 being connected dual-layer stereo V, the U-shaped grape support body that constitutes on the center king pile 3 with last U-shaped frame 2, the top the first transaction of a day's business spacing of the support of the following wishbone 1 of said grape support body be go up U-shaped frame 2 cantilever tip the first transaction of a day's business spacing 180%～280%; Spacing between the support base of the following wishbone 1 of said grape support body and the bottom of last U-shaped frame 2 is 20%～50% of a ground support body height; The support base of the following wishbone 1 of said grape support body and center king pile 3 junctions be 20%～40% of ground support body height to ground level, the said bottom width of going up U-shaped frame 2 is to go up 20%～60% of U-shaped frame 2 top width.Respectively there is a line position fixing point 4 lower end of said grape support body center king pile 3 and upper end apart from the left of king pile 3 center lines and right-hand respectively, and said line position fixing point 4 can be that circular hole also can be the translot hole; The support bottom of said wishbone 1 down ground is connected on king pile 3 sides of online position fixing point 4 with the line position fixing point 4 parallel backs of center king pile 3 lower ends, line position fixing point 4 backs to king pile 3 upper ends, parallel center, ground of the bottom of last U-shaped frame 2 connect on king pile 3 sides of online position fixing point 4; Wired fixing point 4 of difference on the support of said wishbone 1 down and the support of last U-shaped frame 2, said line position fixing point 4 can be circular hole or translot hole, also can be with the support surface, top or the support surface below at fixing point 4 places, the fixing online position of line.
Said grape support body can be cast with bamboo wood, timber, plastic pipe, cement steel, steel; Each line position fixing point 4 of said grape support body can be strained and fixed with iron wire or plastic ties.
The concrete technical scheme of the duplicate rows field planting plant that the present invention comprised is: a kind of duplicate rows field planting plant that is positioned at the grape line-spacing; One little spacing is arranged in the middle of the duplicate rows of said duplicate rows field planting plant; The spacing in the rows center field planting of another row is aimed at by the delegation of said duplicate rows field planting plant; The subordinate of the delegation wishbone 1 of said duplicate rows field planting plant, another row belong to goes up U-shaped frame 2; The pruning of said duplicate rows field planting plant; Employing is pruned by the tip in the high and main climing single armed horizontal shaping that constitutes of bar; It is climing to keep a master on the plant bar height of said single armed horizontal shaping, and the middle tip of climing 5 to 6 buds in the winter time of said master is pruned back drawing towards side's level and tied up; The climing support body of master of said duplicate rows field planting plant draws to be tied up, and the climing level respectively of master after pruning is drawn to tie up descending wishbone 1 and last U-shaped frame 2 on the horizontal line at fixing point 4 places, line position on the center king pile 3; The fruit bearing shoot of said duplicate rows field planting plant was tied up in drawing of support body, fruit bearing shoot is then drawn by 16 centimetres to 20 centimetres spacing respectively tie up on the support horizontal line frame face of the support of wishbone 1 down and last U-shaped frame 2.The duplicate rows middle ware distance of said duplicate rows field planting plant is 5%～30% of a said duplicate rows field planting plant spacing in the rows; The spacing in the rows of said duplicate rows field planting plant is 10%～40% of a said duplicate rows field planting plant line-spacing.Each phenophase productive technology management of said duplicate rows field planting plant is all carried out with reference to present domestic correlation technique standard in the high-quality grape product.
Said V, U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis and the duplicate rows field planting plant that is used for wine-growing be in the photosynthetic effect in space on the spot, through to fitting the ground level setting of wishbone 1 down, makes the bottom of support body reach good ventilation and penetrating light effect; Through to the down outside spreading angle setting of wishbone 1, make branches and leaves under the intrinsic light characteristic effect that becomes, be day type of meeting comprehensively and be stretched in the frame face and reach good ventilation and penetrating light effect; Through to the setting of distance just now between wishbone 1 and the last U-shaped frame 2 down, make the support body middle part reach good ventilation and penetrating light effect; Through the setting to the fitted gradient U-shaped support of last U-shaped frame 2, and pluck 2 to 3 blades of U-shaped support base, the mid-stent that makes U-shaped frame 2 reaches good ventilation and penetrating light effect with the support middle and lower part of following wishbone 1 in good time.Through to the fitted standard control of whole frame body high with the rational deployment in space on the spot; Whole frame body is hit in the illumination pair of all-weather is gone through that the straight angle is penetrated, the oblique angle is penetrated, hits and the scattering in plant branches and leaves gap and the reflex of leaf curtain interlayer, make the following wishbone 1 of said grape support body can obtain corresponding consistent good photosynthetic effect all the time with last U-shaped frame 2.
Although the disclosed V of relating to, U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis and the duplicate rows field planting plant that is used for wine-growing have been carried out special description with reference to embodiment; The embodiment that more than describes is illustrative rather than restrictive; Without departing from the present invention, all variations and modification are all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a V, U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis; Comprise by wishbone and last U-shaped frame are connected dual-layer stereo V, the U-shaped grape support body that constitutes on the center king pile down; It is characterized in that: 180%～280% of the cantilever tip the first transaction of a day's business spacing that the said cantilever tip the first transaction of a day's business spacing of wishbone down is a upward U-shaped frame; Spacing between the bottom of the support base of following wishbone and last U-shaped frame is 20%～50% of a ground support body height; The support base of wishbone and king pile junction, center is 20%～40% of ground support body height to ground level under said, and the said bottom width of going up the U-shaped frame is to go up 20%～60% of U-shaped top of the trellis width.
2. V according to claim 1, U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis; It is characterized in that: the lower end of said grape support body center king pile and upper end respectively are provided with a line position fixing point apart from the left of king pile center line and right-hand respectively, also are respectively equipped with line position fixing point on the support of said wishbone down and the support of last U-shaped frame.
3. V according to claim 2, U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis is characterized in that: said line position fixing point can be that circular hole also can be the translot hole.
4. V according to claim 1 and 2, U-shaped dual-layer stereo grape trellis is characterized in that: said grape support body can be cast with bamboo wood, timber, plastic pipe, cement steel, steel.
5. duplicate rows field planting plant that is used for wine-growing is characterized in that: comprise following method step successively:
(1). the location of duplicate rows field planting plant: be provided with a little spacing in the middle of the duplicate rows of duplicate rows field planting plant, the spacing in the rows center field planting of another row is aimed at by the delegation of said duplicate rows field planting plant, and the subordinate of the delegation wishbone of said duplicate rows field planting plant, another row belong to goes up the U-shaped frame;
(2). the pruning of duplicate rows field planting plant: adopt by the tip in the high and main climing single armed horizontal shaping that constitutes of bar and prune; It is climing to keep a master on the plant bar height of said single armed horizontal shaping, and the middle tip of climing 5 to 6 buds in the winter time of said master is pruned back drawing towards side's level and tied up;
(3). the climing support body of master of duplicate rows field planting plant draws to be tied up: the climing level respectively of the master after will pruning is drawn and is tied up at following wishbone and last U-shaped frame on the horizontal line of the line position fixed point on the king pile of center; The fruit bearing shoot of said duplicate rows field planting plant was tied up in drawing of support body, fruit bearing shoot is then drawn by 16 centimetres to 20 centimetres spacing respectively tie up on the support horizontal line frame face of the support of wishbone down and last U-shaped frame.
6. the duplicate rows field planting plant that is used for wine-growing according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the distance of the duplicate rows middle ware of duplicate rows field planting plant described in the step (1) is 5%～30% of a said duplicate rows field planting plant spacing in the rows; The spacing in the rows of said duplicate rows field planting plant is 10%～40% of a said duplicate rows field planting plant line-spacing.
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| CN 201110315497 CN102326502B (en) | 2011-10-18 | 2011-10-18 | U-shaped and V-shaped three-dimensional double-layer grape trellis and double-row planting plant for grape planting |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104396685A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-11 | 黄国兵 | Grape planting frame and grape planting method |
| CN108142224A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-12 | 重庆田益种子有限公司 | Cowpea implantation methods |
| CN110663334A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-01-10 | 赵青青 | Planting system with liquid biological fertilizer fermentation and automatic fertilization functions |
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| CN108142224A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-12 | 重庆田益种子有限公司 | Cowpea implantation methods |
| CN110663334A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-01-10 | 赵青青 | Planting system with liquid biological fertilizer fermentation and automatic fertilization functions |
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| CN102326502B (en) | 2013-09-18 |
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