CN102319499B - Built-up synergetic class-A/B water extinguishing agent series - Google Patents
Built-up synergetic class-A/B water extinguishing agent series Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a built-up synergetic class-A/B water extinguishing agent series. Class-A fires caused by solid substances (such as woods, cottons, wools, linens, paper) and products thereof and class-B fires caused by liquid or melted solids such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, crude oil, methanol, ethanol, asphalt, paraffin waxes and the like can be put out rapidly through the functions such as heat absorption and cooling, diluting and smothering, insulating and covering, suppressing and blocking combustion chains, and the like which are synergetically performed by various extinguishing functional components, and a high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation and fire-retarding covering layer is formed on the surface of an inflammable matter by various after-combustion functional components so as to achieve the effect of after-combustion resistance. Because the class A/B fires relate to multiple occasions of daily life and production activities, the extinguishing agent disclosed by the invention can be used in the fields of home fire prevention and extinguishing, urban architecture fire prevention and extinguishing, oil depot and gasoline station fire prevention and extinguishing, vehicle and ship fire prevention and extinguishing, forest and grassland fire prevention and extinguishing, mine fire prevention and extinguishing, confined spaces (such as civil air-defense architectures) fire prevention and extinguishing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water-based extinguishing agent be used to the A that puts out a fire to save life and property, category-B fire; Specifically, be a kind of by in water, adding the formed composite aqueous solution type extinguishing chemical of various function ingredients.
Background technology
Fire refers to the disaster that out of control burning causes on time or space.In various disasters, fire be the most frequent, threaten one of the major casualty of public security and social development the most at large.Fire not only damages the material property, causes the confusion of civil order, and pollutes and destroy ecological environment, also direct or indirect life threatening.Therefore, preventing the generation of fire, and put out quickly and efficiently the condition of a fire after fire occurs, is a very important task during life is produced.
The combustion reaction of fire is the flaming combustion reaction, and the process of fire extinguishing is exactly the process of destroying the formation condition of flaming combustion reaction, making the flaming combustion reaction terminating.Therefore, the basic principle of fire extinguishing can be summarized as cooling, suffocate, four aspects such as isolation and Chemical Inhibition.⑴ cooling; Cooling namely absorbs the heat that flame discharges by the endothermic effect of extinguishing chemical, and the temperature of burning surface is down to below the burning-point, stops combustible to continue thermal decomposition, reaches the purpose of fire extinguishing.⑵ suffocate; Suffocating namely stops air to flow into the combustion zone or waters down oxygen content in the diluent air with non-flammable compressive gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, steam, reduces comburant oxygen concentration on every side, makes comburant can not get enough oxygen and extinguishes.⑶ isolation; Isolation is the material that is burning and the isolation of unburned combustible or removes, interrupts combustible and supply with, the method that burning is stopped because lacking combustible; For being difficult to mobile combustible, then can form by the burning surface at combustible fine and close fire-retardant cover layer, the infiltration of isolation block heat and oxygen reaches the fire extinguishing effect.⑷ Chemical Inhibition; Chemical Inhibition namely makes the method for fray-out of flame by the free radical clean-up effect of extinguishing chemical: extinguishing chemical reacts with burning chain type reaction decomposes intermediate free radical out, the free radical breeder reaction of burning is stopped, chain reaction is interrupted, and burning can not continue to carry out.
There is following shortcoming in existing extinguishing chemical patent:
1, attack time is long, and the poison gas of generation is many, and personnel's non-heat barbecue property casualty rate increases.
2, easily resume combustion after the fire extinguishing, combustible rekindles the formation spot fire after temporary transient extinguish open flame, and causes most probably scene of a fire fire control casualties.
3, the antifreeze that adopts is flammable organic matter mostly, and in fire extinguishing procedure, is inflammable under the high temperature, and disaster hidden-trouble is arranged.
4, using in a large number fluorine is surfactant, and price is high, has environment to poison.We, multicomponent, function synergic, amount is few, and effect is high, and cost is low, and environment is poisoned little.
In addition, for improving the visual effect of extinguishing fluid, existing patent adopts some dyestuffs that are difficult for degraded as colouring agent mostly, and the environment compatibility is not strong.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of category-A fire that can put out fast solid matter such as timber, cotton, hair, fiber crops, paper and goods thereof, and the category-B fire of the materials such as liquid or fusible solid such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, crude oil, methyl alcohol, ethanol, pitch, paraffin, and the prescription with water-based extinguishing agent of anti-resume combustion usefulness forms.Because A, category-B fire relate to a lot of occasions of daily life and activity in production, so this extinguishing chemical can be used for the fields such as the anti-fire extinguishing of confined space such as the anti-fire extinguishing of family, the anti-fire extinguishing of urban architecture, the anti-fire extinguishing of oil depot and gas station, the anti-fire extinguishing in vehicle naval vessel, the anti-fire extinguishing of sylvosteppe, the anti-fire extinguishing of mine and people's air defense building.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of composite synergetic A, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, mixed in proportion by fire-extinguishing function concurrently component, anti-resume combustion function ingredients and application function component, and concrete component is as follows:
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage: the effects such as (1) various fire-extinguishing function concurrently components are collaborative cools off, waters down, covers isolation, block that pyric chain is suffocated and the combustion reaction that stamps out a fire fast;
(2) interpolation is various can form the tectal function ingredients of heat-resistant fireproof on the combustible surface, strengthen anti-resume combustion performance, and the poison gas generation is few, and personnel escape's chance of surviving increases;
(3) use in a large number inorganic antifreeze, without burning hidden danger, added luminous agent, can play marked effect;
(4) extinguishing chemical fire-fighting efficiency of the present invention is high, safe and reliable, Costco Wholesale is low, nontoxic non-corrosiveness, and can put out a fire to save life and property simultaneously category-A fire and category-B fire use widely, can be used for the anti-fire extinguishing of multiple occasion.And it is adjustable to accomplish to fill a prescription, and according to concrete use occasion, can also further reduce cost.
The specific embodiment
The composite synergetic A of the present invention, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, by the collaborative heat absorption cooling of carrying out of various fire-extinguishing function concurrently components, water down and suffocate, isolate that the effect such as pyric chain is blocked in coverings, inhibition and the category-A fire that puts out fast solid matter such as timber, cotton, hair, fiber crops, paper and goods thereof, and liquid or fusible solid, such as the category-B fire of the materials such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, crude oil, methyl alcohol, ethanol, pitch, paraffin, and form the fire-resistant heat-insulating flame-proof cover layer on combustible surface by various anti-resume combustion function ingredients and play anti-resume combustion usefulness.
Because A, category-B fire relate to a lot of occasions of daily life and activity in production, so this extinguishing chemical can be used for the anti-fire extinguishing of family, the anti-fire extinguishing of urban architecture, the anti-fire extinguishing of oil depot and gas station, the anti-fire extinguishing in vehicle naval vessel, the anti-fire extinguishing of sylvosteppe, the anti-fire extinguishing of mine and the anti-fire extinguishing of people's air defense Building class confined space.
For the shortcoming of existing similar extinguishing chemical, the present invention has adopted fire-retardant cover layer, and the heat of isolated combustibles, oxygen flow lead to, and eliminates the possibility of resume combustion after putting out a fire.Adopt organic antifreeze of trace in conjunction with a large amount of inorganic antifreezes, therefore without the burning hidden danger of spontaneous combustion.Simultaneously, added some application function additives, as: the inorganic coloring agent of interpolation, also have fire-extinguishing function concurrently, the inorganic salts thermal dissociation can be blocked combustion chain reaction.Add a certain amount of luminous agent, be used for the marked effect under the dangerous situations such as night, fire, greatly improved convenience and the practicality of fire extinguishing appliance.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with chart.
Table 1 is that the prescription of the composite synergetic A of the present invention, category-B water-based extinguishing agent forms.
The composite synergetic A of the present invention, category-B water-based extinguishing agent are mixed in proportion by fire-extinguishing function concurrently component, anti-resume combustion function ingredients and application function component, and concrete component is as follows:
The refrigerating function component is water in the composite synergetic A of the present invention, the category-B water-based extinguishing agent, the extinguishing mechanism of the main body composition water of extinguishing chemical mainly is exactly cooling, water be heated the steam that generates can also play water down oxygen, the effect of the flame that suffocates, the endothermic decomposition reaction of be heated labile carbonate, bicarbonate, oxalates, urea also can be played cooling effect.
The composite synergetic A of the present invention, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, described covering isolation features component is the high foaming surfactant of foaming characteristic, make froth bed fluorine densified and that have an anti-flaming function is that surfactant, silicon are surfactant, for keeping the stable of foam blanket, also need to add the foam stabilizing additive with steady bubble function, foaming surfactant comprises any one or two or more the combination in lauryl sodium sulfate, dodecyl sodium sulfate, the betaine; The concentration of foaming surfactant is 10～30g/L; Fluorine is that surfactant comprises any one or two or more the combination among AF4018-Z, the AF4018-8J, 6201, and fluorine is that the concentration of surfactant is 1～5ml/L; Silicon is that surfactant comprises any one or two or more the combination among FY-4903, FY-4902, FY-F502, FY-F501, the Sylgard309, and silicon is that the concentration of surfactant is 1～2ml/L; Foam stabilizing additive comprises any one or two or more the combination in polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, 6501, albumen, the polypeptide, and the concentration of foam stabilizing additive is 0.25～0.5g/L.
The composite synergetic A of the present invention, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, the described function ingredients that suffocates comprises Inorganic Ammonium and organic amine two parts, Inorganic Ammonium has ammonium carbonate, carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium chloride and ammonium oxalate, organic amine comprises urea, melamine and dicyandiamide, organic have urea, melamine, dicyandiamide etc. be heated the compound of non-combustible gas such as easily being decomposed to form carbon dioxide, steam, ammonia, nitrogen play water down oxygen, the flame function of suffocating; The concentration of ammonium carbonate, carbonic hydroammonium is 20～40g/L, ammonium chloride, ammonium oxalate concentration be 20～50g/L, the concentration of organic amine is 10～70g/L.
The composite synergetic A of the present invention, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, described blocking-up pyric chain function ingredients and emulsifying agent thereof play the function of the burning chain reaction that suppresses flaming combustion, mainly contain: a, organophosphorous fire retardant, comprise one or both or two or more combination in triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, triphenyl, trimethylphenyl phosphate, the methyl-phosphoric acid dimethyl ester, the concentration of organophosphorous fire retardant is 0.2～0.4ml/L; B, organic halogen fire retardant, comprise one or both or two or more combination in chlorinated paraffin wax, HET acid acid anhydride (HET acid), tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, epoxychloropropane, three (β-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), three (Dichloroethyl) phosphate, three (chloropropyl) phosphate, the concentration of organic halogen fire retardant is 0.3～0.5ml/L; One or both of c, organic silicon fibre retardant: SFR-10, SFR-100, SFR-1000, FRX-210, polysiloxanes, DC RM4-708 and two or more combination, the concentration of organic silicon fibre retardant is 0.2～0.4ml/L; D, because the above-mentioned functions component in water-fast liquid is arranged, so need to add emulsifying agent it is emulsified into homogeneous system, addible emulsifying agent comprises one or both or two or more combination among Emulphor FM, OP-10, TX-10, A-20,6501,6503, TW60, TW80, the span80 such as: addible emulsifying agent, and the concentration of emulsifying agent is 0.02～0.04ml/L.
The composite synergetic A of the present invention, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, described nano-thermal-insulating fire resistant flame retardant material and suspension dispersive agent thereof improve the heat-resisting quantity of material, reduce heat transfer effect, produce fire-retardant, heat-blocking action, chemical composition mainly is: a, nano heat insulating material: one or both in the asbestos fibre of nanoscale fineness, expanded perlite, celluar concrete, the foam glass or two or more combination, the concentration of nano heat insulating material are 0.05～0.1g/L; B, nanometer refractory material: one or both in the chromium oxide of nanoscale fineness, calcium oxide, lanthana, beryllium oxide, zirconia, urania, cerium oxide, thorium oxide, titanium carbide, ramet, boron nitride, silicon nitride, zirconium boride, titanium boride, hafnium boride, molybdenum disilicide, thorium sulfide, the cerium sulphide or two or more combination, the concentration of nanometer refractory material are 0.05～0.1g/L; C, nano-meter flame retardants: one or both in the antimony oxide of nanoscale fineness, antimony pentaoxide, aluminium hydroxide, aluminium oxide, magnesia, the magnesium hydroxide or two or more combination, the concentration of nano-meter flame retardants are 0.05～0.1g/L; The suspension hyper-dispersant of d, insoluble solids: 12-hydroxy stearic acid and ε-caprolactone, terminal carboxyl polyester, many caprolactones polyol complex; The homopolymers of oxirane, expoxy propane, oxolane and one or both or two or more combination in the copolymer, the concentration of suspension hyper-dispersant is 0.1～0.2ml/L.
The composite synergetic multipurpose of the present invention A, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, described water-soluble inorganic flame retardant can reduce oxygen and heat to the transmission of combustible inside, comprise sodium metasilicate, Firebrake ZB, phosphate, phosphate mainly contains ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), sodium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate or dibastic sodium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, sodium phosphate or APP; The concentration of sodium metasilicate is 0.2～1.0g/L, the boric acid zinc concentration is 0.2～0.4g/L, the concentration of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), sodium dihydrogen phosphate is 5～30g/L, and the concentration of ammonium hydrogen phosphate, dibastic sodium phosphate is 10～80g/L, and the concentration of ammonium phosphate, sodium phosphate, APP is 10～50g/L.
The composite synergetic multipurpose of the present invention A, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, described radiation-absorbing material can block heat radiation, the object temperature that can delay not catch fire raises, stop fire spread, comprise a, infrared radiation absorbing material: one or both among hydrotalcite, carborundum, silica, the silicon nitride SiNx or two or more combination; B, ultraviolet radiation absorption material: organic salicyl ester phenyl ester, septichen phenyl ester, 2,4-dihydroxy benaophenonel, ESCALOL 567, UV-531,2-(2 '-hydroxyl-3 ', 5 '-two uncle's phenyl)-5-chlorination BTA, single benzoic acid resorcinol, 2,2 '-thiobis (uncle's 4-octyl phenol oxygen base) nickel, 2,4,6-three (2 ' n-butoxy phenyl)-1, in the oxide of 3,5-triazine and inorganic cerium and iron one or both or two or more combination; The concentration of infrared radiation absorbing material is 0.2～0.5g/L, and the concentration of ultraviolet radiation absorption material is 0.2～0.5g/L.
The composite synergetic multipurpose of the present invention A, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, film forming agent comprises a, inorganic film forming agent: sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose; B, organic film forming agent, it is water uptake expansion material, comprise low-fat pectin, high fat pectin, apple pectin, pomelo-pectin, blueberry pectin, pineapple pectin, the water-soluble dietary fibers such as FOS, oligoisomaltose, low poly lactose, xylo-oligosaccharide, soyabean oligosaccharides, agar powder, carboxymethyl cellulose, perhaps one or both in the various high hydroscopic resins or two or more combination; The concentration of inorganic film forming agent is 0.2～0.4g/L, and the concentration of organic film forming agent is 0.2～0.5g/L.
The composite synergetic multipurpose of the present invention A, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, described antifreeze can make extinguishing chemical normally use under low temperature condition, comprise a, organic antifreeze: one or both in the materials such as ethylene glycol, glycerine, chloroform, acetone, ether or two or more combination, b, inorganic antifreeze: one or both in the materials such as barium chloride, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, ammonium thiocyanate, ammonium sulfate, sodium bromide, magnesium chloride or two or more combination; The concentration of organic antifreeze is 1～2ml/L, and the concentration of inorganic antifreeze is 10～30g/L.
The composite synergetic multipurpose of the present invention A, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, described colouring agent can beautify outward appearance, being used for emergent the sign comprises, comprise a, inorganic colourant: one or both in the materials such as copper sulphate, copper chloride, nickelous sulfate, nickel chloride, cobaltous sulfate, cobalt chloride, ferric trichloride, frerrous chloride or two or more combination, b, environmental protection type dye: one or both in the water-soluble dye such as red, green, blue, Huang, yellowish green, purple or two or more combination; The concentration of inorganic colourant is 0.5～1.5g/L, and the concentration of environmental protection type dye is 0.02～0.04g/L.
The composite synergetic multipurpose of the present invention A, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, described luminous agent comprises a, energy-saving luminous material: send one or both or two or more combination in red, green, blue, Huang, yellowish green, the purple light material, b, water-soluble fluorescent dye, make system have fluorescent effect, be used for night or fire hazard aerosol fog environment: one or both in the materials such as fluorescence green, fluorescence rhodo, fluorescence are bright red, fluorescein or two or more combination; The concentration of energy-saving luminous material is 0.02～0.05g/L, and the concentration of water-soluble fluorescent dye is 2～4mg/L.
The composite synergetic multipurpose of the present invention A, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, described buffer comprises a, carbonate: sodium carbonate or potash, b, acetate: sodium acetate or ammonium carbonate, c, borate: sodium tetraborate or borax; The concentration of carbonate is 2～20g/L, and the concentration of acetate is 2～4g/L, and boratory concentration is 1～2g/L.Described anticorrisive agent is one or both or the two or more combination in sodium sulfite, natrium nitrosum, benzoic acid, Sodium Benzoate, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, the calcium propionate, and the concentration of anticorrisive agent is 0.2～0.4g/L.Described corrosion inhibiter is one or both or the two or more combination in ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate, sour ammonium, the sodium tungstate, and the concentration of corrosion inhibiter is 0.04～0.06g/L.Said components forms class cushioning liquid and adjusts the component of acidity, and anticorrosion, anticorrosion function ingredients.
Preparation technology's flow process of the composite synergetic multipurpose of the present invention A, category-B water-based extinguishing agent is as follows:
⑴ burdening calculation.According to the use occasion of extinguishing chemical, selected appropriate prescription forms, and accurately calculates the quality of various batchings.
⑵ batch weighing.Accurately take by weighing various batchings, block shape solid ingredient need to carry out dispersion and fining to be processed, and is beneficial to dissolving.
⑶ prepare premixed solution.With all water miscible solids and liquid dispensing (except the colouring component), respectively with minimum water-soluble solution formation single solute solution separately, the solution that the industrial goods that impurity content is high are prepared needs to filter, and then all small size solution is mixed, and namely forms premixed solution.
⑷ be equally divided into two parts that volume equates with premixed solution, is called A liquid and B liquid.
⑸ make A liquid form nano suspending liquid.Under the stirring action, slowly add the materials such as water-fast solid nano fire retardant in A liquid, the nanometer scale solia particles such as nano-meter flame retardants are under dispersant and churned mechanically effect, and Uniform Dispersion in A liquid forms stable suspension.
⑹ make B liquid form oil-in-water emulsion.Under the high speed shear emulsification condition, in B liquid, slowly add the liquid water-fast batchings such as organic phosphorus flame retardant, under emulsifying agent and emulsification mechanism, various liquid indissolvable components Uniform Dispersion in B liquid forms the oil-in-water type emulsion system.
⑺ A liquid, B liquid mix.Under the middling speed stirring condition, whole B liquid is slowly joined among the A liquid, under 30 ℃ of constant temperature, leave standstill 30min after mixing, make mixed solution form stabilising system.
⑻ painted.According to the appearance color of design, with the overall colour system of inorganic salts or dyestuff modulation system.
⑼ constant volume.The water of surplus is added, and constant volume is to the total amount of budget, and resulting multicomponent mixed solution is composite synergetic multipurpose A, category-B water-based extinguishing agent.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
According to the difference of the object that catches fire, fire can be divided into building fire, life fire, fire in the open, communications and transportation fire, forest and prairie fire etc.Different fire situation, the character of combustible is different with intensity of a fire development, for fighting a fire quickly and efficiently, and reduction extinguishing chemical Costco Wholesale, should carry out analysis-by-synthesis to various fire situation, suitably adjust food ingredient and the concentration of extinguishing chemical, form the most applicable prescription.
Embodiment 1 home-use fire-prevention extinguishing agent
In recent years, the incidence of family fire is and obviously increases trend, has caused huge life and property loss.In the home environment of daily life, burning things which may cause a fire disaster and combustible material everywhere lie dormant; Life is higher with the combustion of the cooking oil in the fire especially kitchen temperature, very easily resume combustion after naked light is extinguished; Various electric equipments also may be because of power supply short circuit, open circuit, the reasons such as the contact contact resistance is excessive, load increase cause fire.The type of breaking out of fire is category-A, category-B in the home environment, also electrical fire may occur; Therefore, the batching of home-use fire-prevention extinguishing agent is selected to determine to take into account to put out A, B two class fire with proportioning; Because extinguishing chemical main body composition is water, electric conductivity is stronger, when being used for putting out electrical fire, must at first block power supply, should be noted that simultaneously the use safe distance.The properties of home-use fire-prevention extinguishing agent sees Table 2, and example formulation sees Table 3.
Embodiment 2 urban architecture fire-prevention extinguishing agents
In the urban area, social population is relatively concentrated, and site coverage is increasing; The fire resistance rating of old residential quarter building is generally not high, and a large amount of skyscrapers of new residential quarter also cause escape inconvenience; In case the urban area breaking out of fire causes the possibility of fire disaster injures and deaths very large.The fire of the generations such as urban architecture environment such as office building, hotel, office building mostly is greatly category-A, and category-B fire among a small circle also may occur simultaneously; Therefore, the batching of urban architecture fire-prevention extinguishing agent is selected to determine to lay particular emphasis on to put out fast the category-A fire with proportioning, a small amount of function ingredients that puts out the category-B fire that adds; For preventing electric shock accidents, also must at first block general supply, and the service range of taking care.The properties of urban architecture fire-prevention extinguishing agent sees Table 4, and example formulation sees Table 5.
Embodiment 3 hypogees and vehicle, naval vessel fire-prevention extinguishing agent
During the breaking out of fires such as people's air defense hypogee or common hypogee and vehicle, naval vessel, can be considered the confined space fire, for preventing casualties, extinguishing chemical must be efficient, puts out the condition of a fire within the short as far as possible time, and prevent from glowing; In addition, extinguishing chemical water down function discharge gas such as carbon dioxide, ammonia, nitrogen etc. also should be the least possible, prevent personnel's anoxic.Therefore, the batching of hypogee and vehicle, naval vessel fire-prevention extinguishing agent should abandon using the aerogenesis components such as carbonate, bicarbonate, ammonium salt, organic amine in selecting.The properties of hypogee and vehicle, naval vessel fire-prevention extinguishing agent sees Table 6, and example formulation sees Table 7.
Embodiment 4 oil depots, gas station, field oil fire-prevention extinguishing agent
Oil is the mixture of multiple hydro carbons, its constituent all is the lower flammable liquid of flash-point, has inflammable and explosive property, the feature such as have during breaking out of fire that burning velocity is fast, the intensity of a fire is violent, radiant heat is strong, boiling splash, diffusion spread, even can blast, greatly dangerous, in case the breaking out of fire meeting causes serious consequence.The fire of the generations such as oil depot, gas station, field oil is typical category-B fire, therefore the batching of extinguishing chemical is annotated the function ingredients that puts out the category-A fire, for accelerating blow-off velocity, except forming the component that covers froth bed, also need to add the function ingredients of blocking-up pyric chain.The properties of oil depot, gas station, field oil fire-prevention extinguishing agent sees Table 8, and example formulation sees Table 9.
Embodiment 5 forests, prairie fire extinguishing chemical
Forest, grassland are the indispensable parts of environment for human survival, it not only provides each elite stand to herd byproduct to satisfy that the people produce and living needs, have more water conservation, conserve water and soil, improve soil, the Social Ecology benefit such as check winds and fix drifting sand, regulate the climate, purify air; And forest, prairie fire are forest, the most fiendish enemy in grassland, and its can bring to forest, grassland the most harmful, has destructive consequence.The type of forest, grassland breaking out of fire is typical category-A fire, therefore the batching of extinguishing chemical is annotated the function ingredients that puts out the category-A fire, because the possibility of resume combustion is larger after forest, the prairie fire fire extinguishing, therefore need to add forming the tectal function ingredients of anti-resume combustion in the prescription.The properties of forest, prairie fire extinguishing chemical sees Table 10, and example formulation sees Table 11.
Embodiment 6 mine fire extinguishing chemicals
Mine fire is one of colliery disaster.In case the mine breaking out of fire, intensity of a fire development changes complexity rapidly, and coverage is wide, often causes casualties and the property resources loss, even causes gas and dust explosion, makes the corresponding expansion with scope of degree of disaster, leads to larger disaster.The type of mine breaking out of fire is the category-A fire, because coal itself is exactly an a large amount of and ubiquitous combustible in the mine, and the coal dust that produces in process of production, the gas of use and used mine timber, electromechanical equipment, oil plant, explosive etc. all have combustibility, therefore must pay attention to the quick of fire extinguishing, prevent that the condition of a fire from enlarging or spread, the concentration of various function ingredients can correspondingly strengthen.The properties of mine fire extinguishing chemical extinguishing chemical sees Table 12, and example formulation sees Table 13.
Embodiment 7 superfine sprays and consumption fire hose additive
Thin water smoke has shown unique extinguishing ability with its efficiently cooling, pollution-free, low-cost, the advantage such as water consumption is little, additional water endangers little and be convenient to clean when putting out the fire such as A, B, C; Can be used for substituting halon extinguishing agent and put out the important place fire such as electrical equipment, communication machine room, computer floor, hospital; The consumption fire hose is a kind of fire-fighting technique of maturation especially.For improving the usefulness of these two kinds of extinguishing methods, this extinguishing chemical can form concentrate, as superfine spray and consumption fire hose additive.During forming, its prescription removes solids fraction.Superfine spray sees Table 14 with the properties of consumption fire hose additive, and example formulation sees Table 15.
The fire extinguishing chemical of embodiment 8 unknown occasions
Claims (10)
1. composite synergetic A, the category-B water-based extinguishing agent, it is characterized in that by the fire-extinguishing function concurrently component, anti-resume combustion function ingredients and application function component mix in proportion, concrete component is as follows: the fire-extinguishing function concurrently component is by the refrigerating function component, cover the isolation features component, water down the function ingredients that suffocates, blocking-up pyric chain function ingredients and emulsifying agent thereof form, anti-resume combustion function ingredients is by nano-thermal-insulating fire resistant flame retardant material and suspension dispersive agent thereof, water-soluble inorganic flame retardant, radiation-absorbing material, film forming agent forms, and the application function component is by antifreeze, colouring agent, luminous agent, anticorrisive agent, corrosion inhibiter forms;
Described covering isolation features component is that the high foaming surfactant of foaming characteristic, fluorine are that surfactant, silicon are surfactant and foam stabilizing additive, and foaming surfactant comprises any one or two or more the combination in lauryl sodium sulfate, dodecyl sodium sulfate, the betaine; The concentration of foaming surfactant is 10～30g/L; Fluorine is that surfactant comprises any one or two or more the combination among AF4018-Z, the AF4018-8J, 6201, and fluorine is that the concentration of surfactant is 1～5ml/L; Silicon is that surfactant comprises any one or two or more the combination among FY-4903, FY-4902, FY-F502, FY-F501, the Sylgard309, and silicon is that the concentration of surfactant is 1～2ml/L; Foam stabilizing additive comprises any one or two or more the combination in polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, 6501, albumen, the polypeptide, and the concentration of foam stabilizing additive is 0.25～0.5g/L; The described function ingredients that suffocates comprises Inorganic Ammonium and organic amine two parts, and Inorganic Ammonium has ammonium carbonate, carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium chloride and ammonium oxalate, and organic amine comprises urea, melamine and dicyandiamide; The concentration of ammonium carbonate, carbonic hydroammonium is 20～40g/L, and the concentration of ammonium chloride, ammonium oxalate is 20～50g/L, and the concentration of organic amine is 10～70g/L; Described water-soluble inorganic flame retardant comprises sodium metasilicate, Firebrake ZB, phosphate, and phosphate mainly contains ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), sodium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate or dibastic sodium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, sodium phosphate or APP; The concentration of sodium metasilicate is 0.2～1.0g/L, the boric acid zinc concentration is 0.2～0.4g/L, the concentration of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), sodium dihydrogen phosphate is 5～30g/L, and the concentration of ammonium hydrogen phosphate, dibastic sodium phosphate is 10～80g/L, and the concentration of ammonium phosphate, sodium phosphate, APP is 10～50g/L; Described antifreeze comprises a, organic antifreeze: one or both in ethylene glycol, glycerine, chloroform, acetone, the ether material or two or more combination, b, inorganic antifreeze: one or both in barium chloride, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, ammonium thiocyanate, ammonium sulfate, sodium bromide, the magnesium chloride material or two or more combination; The concentration of organic antifreeze is 1～2ml/L, and the concentration of inorganic antifreeze is 10～30g/L; Described corrosion inhibiter comprises a, carbonate: sodium carbonate or potash, b, acetate: sodium acetate or ammonium carbonate, c, borate: sodium tetraborate or borax; The concentration of carbonate is 2～20g/L, and the concentration of acetate is 2～4g/L, and boratory concentration is 1～2g/L.
2. composite synergetic A according to claim 1, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, it is characterized in that: described refrigerating function component is water.
3. composite synergetic A according to claim 1, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, it is characterized in that: described blocking-up pyric chain function ingredients and emulsifying agent thereof mainly contain: a, organophosphorous fire retardant, comprise one or both or two or more combination in triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, triphenyl, trimethylphenyl phosphate, the methyl-phosphoric acid dimethyl ester, the concentration of organophosphorous fire retardant is 0.2～0.4ml/L; B, organic halogen fire retardant, comprise one or both or two or more combination in chlorinated paraffin wax, HET acid acid anhydride HET acid, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, epoxychloropropane, three (β-chloroethyl) phosphate TCEP, three (Dichloroethyl) phosphate, three (chloropropyl) phosphate, the concentration of organic halogen fire retardant is 0.3～0.5ml/L; One or both of c, organic silicon fibre retardant: SFR-10, SFR-100, SFR-1000, FRX-210, polysiloxanes, DC RM4-708 and two or more combination, the concentration of organic silicon fibre retardant is 0.2～0.4ml/L; D, addible emulsifying agent comprise one or both or the two or more combination among Emulphor FM, OP-10, TX-10, A-20,6501,6503, TW60, TW80, the span80, and the concentration of emulsifying agent is 0.02～0.04ml/L.
4. composite synergetic A according to claim 1, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, it is characterized in that: described nano-thermal-insulating fire resistant flame retardant material and suspension dispersive agent chemical composition thereof mainly are: a, nano heat insulating material: one or both in the asbestos fibre of nanoscale fineness, expanded perlite, celluar concrete, the foam glass or two or more combination, the concentration of nano heat insulating material are 0.05～0.1g/L; B, nanometer refractory material: one or both in the chromium oxide of nanoscale fineness, calcium oxide, lanthana, beryllium oxide, zirconia, urania, cerium oxide, thorium oxide, titanium carbide, ramet, boron nitride, silicon nitride, zirconium boride, titanium boride, hafnium boride, molybdenum disilicide, thorium sulfide, the cerium sulphide or two or more combination, the concentration of nanometer refractory material are 0.05～0.1g/L; C, nano-meter flame retardants: one or both in the antimony oxide of nanoscale fineness, antimony pentaoxide, aluminium hydroxide, aluminium oxide, magnesia, the magnesium hydroxide or two or more combination, the concentration of nano-meter flame retardants are 0.05～0.1g/L; The suspension hyper-dispersant of d, insoluble solids: 12-hydroxy stearic acid and ε-caprolactone, terminal carboxyl polyester, many caprolactones polyol complex; The homopolymers of oxirane, expoxy propane, oxolane and one or both or two or more combination in the copolymer, the concentration of suspension hyper-dispersant is 0.1～0.2ml/L.
5. composite synergetic A according to claim 1, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, it is characterized in that: described radiation-absorbing material comprises a, infrared radiation absorbing material: one or both among hydrotalcite, carborundum, silica, the silicon nitride SiNx or two or more combination; B, ultraviolet radiation absorption material: organic salicyl ester phenyl ester, septichen phenyl ester, 2,4-dihydroxy benaophenonel, ESCALOL 567, UV-531,2-(2 '-hydroxyl-3 ', 5 '-two uncle's phenyl)-5-chlorination BTA, single benzoic acid resorcinol, 2,2 '-thiobis (uncle's 4-octyl phenol oxygen base) nickel, 2,4,6-three (2 ' n-butoxy phenyl)-1, in the oxide of 3,5-triazine and inorganic cerium and iron one or both or two or more combination; The concentration of infrared radiation absorbing material is 0.2～0.5g/L, and the concentration of ultraviolet radiation absorption material is 0.2～0.5g/L.
6. composite synergetic A according to claim 1, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, it is characterized in that: film forming agent comprises a, inorganic film forming agent: sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose; B, organic film forming agent, it is water uptake expansion material, comprise low-fat pectin, high fat pectin, apple pectin, pomelo-pectin, blueberry pectin, pineapple pectin, FOS, oligoisomaltose, low poly lactose, xylo-oligosaccharide, soyabean oligosaccharides, agar powder, carboxymethyl cellulose water-soluble dietary fiber, perhaps one or both in the various high hydroscopic resins or two or more combination; The concentration of inorganic film forming agent is 0.2～0.4g/L, and the concentration of organic film forming agent is 0.2～0.5g/L.
7. composite synergetic A according to claim 1, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, it is characterized in that: described colouring agent comprises a, inorganic colourant: one or both in copper sulphate, copper chloride, nickelous sulfate, nickel chloride, cobaltous sulfate, cobalt chloride, ferric trichloride, the frerrous chloride material or two or more combination, b, environmental protection type dye: one or both in red, green, blue, Huang, yellowish green, the purple water-soluble dye or two or more combination; The concentration of inorganic colourant is 0.5～1.5g/L, and the concentration of environmental protection type dye is 0.02～0.04g/L.
8. composite synergetic A according to claim 1, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, it is characterized in that: described luminous agent comprises a, energy-saving luminous material: send one or both or two or more combination in red, green, blue, Huang, yellowish green, the purple light material, b, water-soluble fluorescent dye: fluorescence green, fluorescence rhodo, fluorescence are bright red, one or both or two or more combination in the fluorescein material; The concentration of energy-saving luminous material is 0.02～0.05g/L, and the concentration of water-soluble fluorescent dye is 2～4mg/L.
9. composite synergetic A according to claim 1, category-B water-based extinguishing agent, it is characterized in that: described anticorrisive agent is one or both or the two or more combination in sodium sulfite, natrium nitrosum, benzoic acid, Sodium Benzoate, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, the calcium propionate, and the concentration of anticorrisive agent is 0.2～0.4g/L.
10. composite synergetic A according to claim 1, category-B water-based extinguishing agent is characterized in that: described corrosion inhibiter is one or both or the two or more combination in ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate, sour ammonium, the sodium tungstate, and the concentration of corrosion inhibiter is 0.04～0.06g/L.
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