CN105944276B - Composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent and preparation process - Google Patents
Composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent and preparation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN105944276B CN105944276B CN201610353157.1A CN201610353157A CN105944276B CN 105944276 B CN105944276 B CN 105944276B CN 201610353157 A CN201610353157 A CN 201610353157A CN 105944276 B CN105944276 B CN 105944276B
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- fire extinguishing
- dry powder
- ammonium
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium iodate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]I(=O)=O JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001230 potassium iodate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000006666 potassium iodate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940093930 potassium iodate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920001083 Polybutene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000036961 partial Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N al2o3 Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium monoxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M NaHCO3 Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920001748 Polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RFKZUAOAYVHBOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);acetate Chemical compound [Cu+].CC([O-])=O RFKZUAOAYVHBOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052904 quartz Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKBKGNDTLQFSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical class FC(F)(F)C(Br)=C QKBKGNDTLQFSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium carbonate Chemical compound N.N.OC(O)=O PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003563 Calcium Carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940112822 Chewing Gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010018498 Goitre Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001884 aluminium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cacl2 Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010725 compressor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drugs Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000003872 goiter Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyl radical Chemical compound [OH] TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009114 investigational therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000414 obstructive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating Effects 0.000 description 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N precursor Substances N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007348 radical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reduced Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0014—Powders; Granules
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agents, and the raw material of following weight proportions is taken to be prepared: 22-28 parts of alkaline residue, 23-29 parts of potassium sulfate, 28-36 parts of Potassiumiodate, 14-19 parts of marl, 9-15 parts of polybutene, 38-45 parts of ammonium sulfate, 32-39 parts of ammonium phosphate, 12-16 parts of silicon nitride, 6-10 parts of glass fibre, 8-12 parts of graphite powder, 15-22 parts of flyash.When using its fire extinguishing, the powder of ejection is covered on the surface of comburant and forms thin film, the contact with oxygen is blocked, prevent the sprawling of flame, inhibit the smog of burning simultaneously, hydroscopicity is low, electrical insulating property is high, lower temperature resistance is good, jetting performance is high, fire-fighting efficiency is high, is suitable for a plurality of types of fire such as fighting solid fire, fuel gas fire, liquid fire.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder base extinguishing chemical technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent and preparation
Technique.
Background technique
Dry powder fire extinguishing agent is (stearic by fire extinguishing base-material (such as ammonium salt of sodium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, phosphoric acid) and moderate lubrication agent
Sour magnesium, mica powder, talcum powder etc.), fine particle made of co-ground after a small amount of anti-blushing agent (silica gel) mixing, use carbon dioxide
Make injection power.The powder ejected, concentration is intensive, fine particles, and obstruction burning can be constituted on solid burning article by covering
Separation layer, while non-combustible gas is precipitated, reduces the oxygen concentration in air, fray-out of flame.The fire extinguish of 8kg sprays
14-18 seconds, range about 4.5m.It is suitable for put out oils, imflammable gas, electrical equipment and other items from the beginning of fire.
With the fast development of national energy security implementation and economic society, in order to guarantee the energy peace in China
Entirely, promote the sustainable development of China's economy, the large of oil tank will become the inexorable trend of development, and potential large area
Liquid pool fire and fiery fire incident risk of trickling also are increasing, and fire once occurs for oil tank, endangers huge.The use of extinguishing chemical
Key effect is played in the fire attack of tank field.Common extinguishing chemical has gas class, four major class of dry powder class, water system and foam,
Tank field fire is frequently with fire foam and dry powder fire extinguishing agent at present, and dry powder fire extinguishing agent has drying, Yi Liudong, good moisture-proof
Property and the features such as caking performance, but temperature reduction performance of the existing dry powder fire extinguishing agent in fighting large area liquid pool fire and trickling fire
Poor with anti-re-ignition, extinguishing effect is bad, in addition, being not easy to be attached to the vertical of burning objects when being used for stereo burning type fire
It in dignity, is easy to fall off, extinguishing effect is limited.
In existing dry powder fire extinguishing agent, 103877693 A(application number 201210559872.2 of publication number CN) patent it is public
A kind of composite dry powder extinguishing chemical and preparation method thereof has been opened, has been contained by the mass percent of shared system: magnesium hydroxide 80-94%,
2- bromo- 3,3,3- trifluoro propenes (BTP) 5.0-16%, talcum powder 1.0-4.0%.104324476 A(application number of publication number CN
201410676182.4) a kind of method that patent discloses dry powder fire extinguishing agent and prepares dry powder fire extinguishing agent with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate,
It is made of following composition according to quality proportioning: ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 37.3-75.4%；Ammonium sulfate 15.0-40.0%；Raw material white carbon black
1.5-2.5%；Mica 1.5-2.5%；Atlapulgite 1.5-3.0%；Silica 3.7-41.8%；Silicone emulsion 1.4-2.0.It is open
Number 104307132 A(application number 201410653316.0 of CN) patent disclose a kind of preparation side of ABC dry powder fire extinguishing agent
Method, comprising the following steps: (1) by monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, nano silica, mica, melamine, pentaerythrite, manganese
It closes object, borax, copper acetate and coupling agent to mix according to weight ratio, 50-60 DEG C is warming up to mixture, spray into silicone oil in above-mentioned mixed
It closes in object, obtains product D；(2) pulverization process is carried out to product D with continuous modification laminating machine, until 50% or more grain diameter is less than
40 microns, 70 DEG C are stirred 30-40min, 90-100 DEG C of drying products therefrom 2-3h with 400-1000rpm, are cooled to 60 DEG C, cold
But 10-20min is to get ABC dry powder fire extinguishing agent；Weight percentage of each component in the ABC dry powder fire extinguishing agent are as follows: monoammonium phosphate
60-85%, ammonium sulfate 10-27%, nano silica 5-15%, mica 1-3%, silicone oil 1-2%, melamine 1-2%, pentaerythrite
2-3%, manganese compound 0.5-0.7%, borax 0.2-0.6%, copper acetate 0.1-0.4%, coupling agent 0.2-0.3%, total weight percent
It is 100%.
The existing generally existing fire extinguishing effectiveness of dry powder fire extinguishing agent is low, seriously polluted problem, release smog is big, anti-re-ignition is poor
The defects of.These deficiencies all constrain the practical ranges of dry powder fire extinguishing agent to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of existing composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of compound height
Performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent, when using its fire extinguishing, the powder of ejection is covered on the surface of comburant and forms thin film, blocks
Contact with oxygen, prevents the sprawling of flame, while inhibiting the smog of burning, and fire-fighting efficiency is high, anti-re-ignition is good, suitable for flutterring
Rescue a plurality of types of fire such as solid fire, fuel gas fire, liquid fire.Another object is just to provide above-mentioned composite high-performance dry powder
The preparation method of extinguishing chemical.
Above-mentioned purpose of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent takes the raw material of following weight proportions to be prepared: 22-28 parts of alkaline residue, potassium sulfate
23-29 parts, 28-36 parts of Potassiumiodate, 14-19 parts of marl, 9-15 parts of polybutene, 38-45 parts of ammonium sulfate, 32-39 parts of ammonium phosphate,
12-16 parts of silicon nitride, 6-10 parts of glass fibre, 8-12 parts of graphite powder, 15-22 parts of flyash.
Composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent, preferred scheme are that the raw material of following weight proportions is taken to be prepared: alkaline residue
24-26 parts, 25-27 parts of potassium sulfate, 30-34 parts of Potassiumiodate, 16-18 parts of marl, 11-13 parts of polybutene, ammonium sulfate 40-43
Part, 34-37 parts of ammonium phosphate, 13-15 parts of silicon nitride, 7-9 parts of glass fibre, 9-11 parts of graphite powder, 18-20 parts of flyash.
Composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent, more preferred scheme are that the raw material of following weight proportions is taken to be prepared: alkali
25 parts of slag, 26 parts of potassium sulfate, 33 parts of Potassiumiodate, 17 parts of marl, 12 parts of polybutene, 42 parts of ammonium sulfate, 36 parts of ammonium phosphate, nitridation
14 parts of silicon, 8 parts of glass fibre, 10 parts of graphite powder, 19 parts of flyash.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent, steps are as follows:
(1) crushing of raw material
(1) marl and glass fibre are routinely crushed, are uniformly mixed, crossed 30-40 mesh, be placed in airslide disintegrating mill,
Grinding time is 25-35 minutes, and alkaline residue and silicon nitride are continuously added when electric current is stablized, and is crushed 35-45 minutes；
(2) ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate are placed in container, silicone oil is added, be uniformly mixed, stood 3-5 hours, pass through ultra micro
Pulverizer is crushed, so that it is 0.0- in 0.12mm standard screen that the size distribution of smashed ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate, which meets,
4.9%；It is 10-20% in 0.06mm standard screen；It is 10-20% in 0.04mm standard screen；It is 60-75% in chassis；
(2) mixing of material
(3) potassium sulfate and Potassiumiodate are uniformly mixed, are placed in nitrogen atmosphere, stirred 2-4 hours, add at 79-94 DEG C
Enter polybutene, mixes 5-8 minutes, be cooled to room temperature at 55-62 DEG C；
(4) the smashed ammonium sulfate of step (2) and ammonium phosphate and step (3) products therefrom are sequentially placed into blender,
Stirring 20-30 minute, is heated to 55-60 DEG C, addition step (1) gains, and isothermal holding 2-4 hours；
(5) flyash is added in step (4) products therefrom, is uniformly mixed, be warming up to 68-74 DEG C and isothermal holding
40-60 minutes, silicone emulsion is added, the silication time is 80-100 minutes, and graphite powder is added, is uniformly mixed；
(3) it dries
(6) step (5) products therefrom is placed in dryer, is dried；
(4) it sieves
(7) step (6) products therefrom is subjected to pulverization process, until 50% or more grain diameter passes through vibration less than 40 microns
Screen(ing) machine sieves smashed product, screens out the bulky grain of partial size >=100 micron, packaging.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent, preferred scheme are: the use of step (2) preferably silicone oil
Amount is the 25%-35% of ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate quality, and the dosage of more preferred silicone oil is the 30% of ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate quality.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent, preferred scheme are: step (3) is preferably in 83-90
It stirs 2.5-3.5 hours at DEG C, is stirred 3 hours more preferably at 86 DEG C.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent, preferred scheme are: step (3) is preferably in 57-60
It mixes 6-7 minutes at DEG C, is mixed 7 minutes more preferably at 58 DEG C.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent, preferred scheme are: step (5) is preferably warming up to
70-72 DEG C and isothermal holding 45-55 minutes, more preferably it is warming up to 71 DEG C and isothermal holding 50 minutes.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent, preferred scheme are: step (5) preferred silicone emulsion
Dosage be 3-5 times of flyash quality, the dosage of more preferred silicone emulsion is 4 times of flyash quality.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent, preferred scheme are: step (6) preferred drying temperature
It is 100-140 minutes for 140-155 DEG C, drying time, more preferred drying temperature is 149 DEG C, drying time is 120 minutes.
The fire-fighting principle of composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention:
Composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention endothermic decomposition in burned flame generates ammonia, phosphoric acid, nitrogen etc., most
After can generate P205, play the role of Chemical Inhibition fire extinguishing, each of these step reaction is the endothermic reaction, is had preferably cooling
Effect；And decompose the free ammonia generated can be reacted with flame combustion in the OH radical reaction that generates, reduce and terminate burning
The free radical generated is reacted, combustion rate is reduced, when the concentration of free ammonia is sufficiently high in flame, with flame contact area foot
Enough big, when free radical stops rate greater than the rate that combustion reaction generates, looping combustion reaction is terminated, and leads to fray-out of flame.
Meanwhile composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention can be one layer glassy thin in solid matter surface generation during decomposition
Film residual covering is covered in comburant surface, and forming covering after cooling makes burning surface and air exclusion, when covering reaches
Re-ignition can be prevented when to certain thickness.
The beneficial effects are mainly reflected as follows:
1, when being put out a fire using composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention, not only react with flame combustion in the OH that generates oneself
It is reacted, and the powder sprayed is covered on the surface of comburant and forms thin film, has blocked the contact with oxygen, is hindered by base
The only sprawling of flame, while heat is absorbed, accelerate fire extinguishing.
2, composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent process flow of the present invention is simple, and raw material is cheap and easy to get, and hydroscopicity is low, is electrically insulated
Property it is high, lower temperature resistance is good, jetting performance is high, fire-fighting efficiency is high, environmentally friendly, can be widely applied to various extinguishing devices, fit
For a plurality of types of fire such as solid fire, fuel gas fire, liquid fire of saving.
3, composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has nature humidity resistance, due to silicon after avoiding common powder heated
Oil melts and is difficult to the deficiency cleared up.
4, composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent effect of the present invention rapidly, effectively reduces loss, has preferable economic effect
Benefit is suitble to large-scale promotion to use, and has wide actual application prospect.
5, composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention can both be used separately as extinguishing chemical, can also be used as common dry
The additive of powder is directly filled in existing fire extinguisher, does not need to carry out redesign transformation to fire extinguisher.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and experimental examples, but the scope of protection is not limited by this.
Primary raw material is described as follows:
Alkaline residue: refer to that the waste residue discharged in ammonium alkaline process alkali producing process, composition mainly include calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride
Equal calcium salts are the waste residue of main component, also containing compositions such as a small amount of sulfur dioxide.Alkaline residue solution meta-alkalescence, pH value is on 10 left sides
The right side can be used for improveing acid and subacidity soil, also act as adsorbent, the architecture engineering materials such as cement.
Potassium sulfate: being colourless under usual condition or white crystals, particle or powder.Odorlessness, bitter, during aqueous solution is in
Property.It is to be reacted at high temperature with 98% sulfuric acid and potassium chloride, through inspissation, crystallisation by cooling is centrifugated, made from drying.It is main
Purposes is wanted to have haemocyanin biochemical investigation, kjeldahl determination catalyst, prepare other sylvite, chemical fertilizer, dyestuff, fragrance, drug, system
Standby glass, alum etc..
Potassiumiodate: for colourless or white crystalline powder, odorlessness.Prepare Potassiumiodate standard solution.For analyze zinc, iodine,
Arsenic.It is used as oxidant in volumetric method analysis.For making precipitating reagent in chemical analysis；Agriculturally make feed addictive；Pharmaceutically make
The iodizing compound or medicament for preventing and treating local goitre disease, it can also be used to organic synthesis.
Marl: referring to the transitional type sedimentary rock between clay rock and carbonate rock, micro- by clay and carbonate
Grain composition is in microgranular or pureed structure.Be often referred to be mixed by flour sand and mud grade carbonate with clay mineral a kind of pine formed,
Soft, frangible newer sedimentary rock.The normal residuum containing autochthonous fossil and microfossil of widely distributed marine facies marl.
It industrially can be used as cement raw material and building stone.
Polybutene: being to be used for isobutene for colourless or pale yellow viscous liquid made of a small amount of n-butene copolymerization of advocating peace
The intermediate of oil dope, oil dope；Lubricating oil, bonding agent, plasticizer raw material；It itself can also be directly used as lubricating
Impregnation oils, compressor oil in agent, high-tension cable；Due to odorless, nontoxic, it can be used for contacting the processing of paper with food；Also it uses
Make the base starting material of chewing gum.
Ammonium sulfate: for colourless crystallization or white particle, odorlessness.It is mainly used as fertilizer, is suitable for various soil and crop.
It can also be used in weaving, leather, medicine etc..Being added in electroplate liquid can increase electric conductivity.It is also the catalyst of food dark reddish brown, it is fresh
The nitrogen source of culture yeasts bacterium in yeast production, acid dyeing dyeing auxiliaries, leather deliming agent.In addition, it is also used to brewing,
Chemical reagent and storage battery production etc..
Ammonium phosphate: being sometimes particle for clear crystal or pale powder, soluble easily in water.It is that a kind of high concentration N-P is multiple
Hefei material, can be used as the germinator of sugarcane production.Also serve as wood fire retardant, the water softener of water process, biological culture agent, analysis
Chemical reagent.It is widely used in expanding fire-proof paint, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, epoxy resin, rubber product, fiber
Plate and dry powder fire extinguishing agent etc. are a kind of using safe efficient phosphorus system halogen-free smoke resistance flame resistance agent.Apply also for other resins, gluing
Agent and coating.
Silicon nitride: for grey, white or grayish white powdery crystal.For manufacturing bearing, blade of gas turbine, mechanical seal
The mechanical components such as ring, permanent mold, the high grade refractory of the component of high temperature engineering, metallurgical industry etc.,
Glass fibre: be using glass marble or post-consumer glass being raw material through techniques systems such as high temperature melting, wire drawing, doff, woven fabrics
Caused by, the diameter of monofilament is several microns to twenties meters microns, and every bundle fiber precursor is all even thousands of by hundreds of
Root monofilament composition.Main component is silica, aluminium oxide, calcium oxide, boron oxide, magnesia, sodium oxide molybdena etc., good insulating,
Heat resistance is strong, corrosion resistance is good, high mechanical strength, the reinforcing material being typically used as in composite material, electrically insulating material and insulation
Thermal insulation material, the national economy every field such as circuit substrate.
Graphite powder: being aquadag powder used in the present invention, with high temperature resistant, high-intensitive property.In metallurgical industry
In be mainly used to manufacture graphite crucible, graphite is commonly used in steel-making and makees the protective agent of steel ingot, the liner of metallurgical furnace is used as plumbic acid and stores
Battery pole plates, ni-mh, nickel-cadmium cell, light sensation battery, electrical carbon brush, rubber, filler for plastic, are prevented lithium battery positive and negative anodes conductive agent
Electrostatic, electromagnetic shielding, anticorrosive paint etc..
Flyash: being the fine ash that catching is got off from the flue gas after coal combustion, is that the primary solids of coal-burning power plant's discharge are useless
Object.Oxide composition are as follows: SiO2、Al2O3And a small amount of FeO, Fe2O3、CaO、MgO、SO3、TiO2Deng.Wherein SiO2And Al2O3Contain
Amount can account for 60% of total content or more.
1 composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of embodiment, takes following raw materials to be prepared (every part takes 23kg): 22 parts of alkaline residue,
23 parts of potassium sulfate, 28 parts of Potassiumiodate, 14 parts of marl, 9 parts of polybutene, 38 parts of ammonium sulfate, 32 parts of ammonium phosphate, 12 parts of silicon nitride,
6 parts of glass fibre, 8 parts of graphite powder, 15 parts of flyash.
Composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent preparation method, steps are as follows:
(1) crushing of raw material
(1) marl and glass fibre are routinely crushed, is uniformly mixed, crossed 30 meshes, be placed in airslide disintegrating mill, crushed
Time is 25 minutes, and alkaline residue and silicon nitride are continuously added when electric current is stablized, and is crushed 35 minutes；
(2) ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate are placed in container, silicone oil is added, and (dosage is ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate quality
25%) it, is uniformly mixed, stands 3 hours, crushed by micronizer, so that the grain of smashed ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate
It is 0.0-4.9% in 0.12mm standard screen that degree distribution, which meets,；It is 10-20% in 0.06mm standard screen；In 0.04mm standard screen
In be 10-20%；It is 60-75% in chassis；
(2) mixing of material
(3) potassium sulfate and Potassiumiodate are uniformly mixed, are placed in nitrogen atmosphere, stirred 2 hours at 79 DEG C, poly- fourth is added
Alkene is mixed 5 minutes at 55 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature；
(4) the smashed ammonium sulfate of step (2) and ammonium phosphate and step (3) products therefrom are sequentially placed into blender,
Stirring 20 minutes, is heated to 55 DEG C, is added step (1) gains, and isothermal holding 2 hours；
(5) flyash is added in step (4) products therefrom, is uniformly mixed, is warming up to 68 DEG C and isothermal holding 40 divides
Clock is added silicone emulsion 3 times of flyash quality (dosage be), and the silication time is 80 minutes, and graphite powder is added, and is uniformly mixed；
(3) it dries
(6) step (5) products therefrom is placed in dryer, (drying temperature is 140 DEG C, drying time is 100 points for drying
Clock)；
(4) it sieves
(7) step (6) products therefrom is subjected to pulverization process, until 50% or more grain diameter passes through vibration less than 40 microns
Screen(ing) machine sieves smashed product, screens out the bulky grain of partial size >=100 micron, packaging.
2 composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of embodiment, takes following raw materials to be prepared (every part takes 14kg): 28 parts of alkaline residue,
29 parts of potassium sulfate, 36 parts of Potassiumiodate, 19 parts of marl, 15 parts of polybutene, 45 parts of ammonium sulfate, 39 parts of ammonium phosphate, 16 parts of silicon nitride,
10 parts of glass fibre, 12 parts of graphite powder, 22 parts of flyash.
Composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent preparation method, steps are as follows:
(1) crushing of raw material
(1) marl and glass fibre are routinely crushed, is uniformly mixed, crossed 40 meshes, be placed in airslide disintegrating mill, crushed
Time is 25-35 minutes, and alkaline residue and silicon nitride are continuously added when electric current is stablized, and is crushed 45 minutes；
(2) ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate are placed in container, silicone oil is added, and (dosage is ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate quality
35%) it, is uniformly mixed, stands 5 hours, crushed by micronizer, so that the grain of smashed ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate
It is 0.0-4.9% in 0.12mm standard screen that degree distribution, which meets,；It is 10-20% in 0.06mm standard screen；In 0.04mm standard screen
In be 10-20%；It is 60-75% in chassis；
(2) mixing of material
(3) potassium sulfate and Potassiumiodate are uniformly mixed, are placed in nitrogen atmosphere, stirred 4 hours at 94 DEG C, poly- fourth is added
Alkene is mixed 8 minutes at 62 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature；
(4) the smashed ammonium sulfate of step (2) and ammonium phosphate and step (3) products therefrom are sequentially placed into blender,
Stirring 30 minutes, is heated to 60 DEG C, is added step (1) gains, and isothermal holding 4 hours；
(5) flyash is added in step (4) products therefrom, is uniformly mixed, is warming up to 74 DEG C and isothermal holding 60 divides
Clock is added silicone emulsion 5 times of flyash quality (dosage be), and the silication time is 100 minutes, and graphite powder is added, and is uniformly mixed；
(3) it dries
(6) step (5) products therefrom is placed in dryer, (drying temperature is 155 DEG C, drying time is 140 points for drying
Clock)；
(4) it sieves
(7) step (6) products therefrom is subjected to pulverization process, until 50% or more grain diameter passes through vibration less than 40 microns
Screen(ing) machine sieves smashed product, screens out the bulky grain of partial size >=100 micron, packaging.
3 composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of embodiment, takes following raw materials to be prepared (every part takes 15kg): 24 parts of alkaline residue,
25 parts of potassium sulfate, 30 parts of Potassiumiodate, 16 parts of marl, 11 parts of polybutene, 40 parts of ammonium sulfate, 34 parts of ammonium phosphate, 13 parts of silicon nitride,
7 parts of glass fibre, 9 parts of graphite powder, 18 parts of flyash.
Composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent preparation method, steps are as follows:
(1) crushing of raw material
(1) marl and glass fibre are routinely crushed, is uniformly mixed, crossed 33 meshes, be placed in airslide disintegrating mill, crushed
Time is 28 minutes, and alkaline residue and silicon nitride are continuously added when electric current is stablized, and is crushed 38 minutes；
(2) ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate are placed in container, silicone oil is added, and (dosage is ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate quality
28%) it, is uniformly mixed, stands 3.5 hours, crushed by micronizer, so that smashed ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate
It is 0.0-4.9% in 0.12mm standard screen that size distribution, which meets,；It is 10-20% in 0.06mm standard screen；In 0.04mm standard
It is 10-20% in sieve；It is 60-75% in chassis；
(2) mixing of material
(3) potassium sulfate and Potassiumiodate are uniformly mixed, are placed in nitrogen atmosphere, stirred 2.5 hours at 83 DEG C, is added poly-
Butylene is mixed 6 minutes at 57 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature；
(4) the smashed ammonium sulfate of step (2) and ammonium phosphate and step (3) products therefrom are sequentially placed into blender,
Stirring 23 minutes, is heated to 57 DEG C, is added step (1) gains, and isothermal holding 2-4 hours；
(5) flyash is added in step (4) products therefrom, is uniformly mixed, is warming up to 70 DEG C and isothermal holding 45 divides
Clock is added silicone emulsion 3.5 times of flyash quality (dosage be), and the silication time is 85 minutes, and graphite powder is added, and mixing is equal
It is even；
(3) it dries
(6) step (5) products therefrom is placed in dryer, (preferably drying temperature is 145 DEG C, drying time is for drying
110 minutes)；
(4) it sieves
(7) step (6) products therefrom is subjected to pulverization process, until 50% or more grain diameter passes through vibration less than 40 microns
Screen(ing) machine sieves smashed product, screens out the bulky grain of partial size >=100 micron, packaging.
4 composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of embodiment, takes following raw materials to be prepared (every part takes 14kg): 26 parts of alkaline residue,
27 parts of potassium sulfate, 34 parts of Potassiumiodate, 18 parts of marl, 13 parts of polybutene, 43 parts of ammonium sulfate, 37 parts of ammonium phosphate, 15 parts of silicon nitride,
9 parts of glass fibre, 11 parts of graphite powder, 20 parts of flyash.
Composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent preparation method, steps are as follows:
(1) crushing of raw material
(1) marl and glass fibre are routinely crushed, is uniformly mixed, crossed 38 meshes, be placed in airslide disintegrating mill, crushed
Time is 32 minutes, and alkaline residue and silicon nitride are continuously added when electric current is stablized, and is crushed 42 minutes；
(2) ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate are placed in container, silicone oil is added, and (dosage is ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate quality
32%) it, is uniformly mixed, stands 4.5 hours, crushed by micronizer, so that smashed ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate
It is 0.0-4.9% in 0.12mm standard screen that size distribution, which meets,；It is 10-20% in 0.06mm standard screen；In 0.04mm standard
It is 10-20% in sieve；It is 60-75% in chassis；
(2) mixing of material
(3) potassium sulfate and Potassiumiodate are uniformly mixed, are placed in nitrogen atmosphere, stirred 3.5 hours at 89 DEG C, is added poly-
Butylene is mixed 7 minutes at 60 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature；
(4) the smashed ammonium sulfate of step (2) and ammonium phosphate and step (3) products therefrom are sequentially placed into blender,
Stirring 27 minutes, is heated to 59 DEG C, is added step (1) gains, and isothermal holding 3.5 hours；
(5) flyash is added in step (4) products therefrom, is uniformly mixed, is warming up to 72 DEG C and isothermal holding 55 divides
Clock is added silicone emulsion 4.5 times of flyash quality (dosage be), and the silication time is 95 minutes, and graphite powder is added, and mixing is equal
It is even；
(3) it dries
(6) step (5) products therefrom is placed in dryer, (drying temperature is 151 DEG C, drying time is 130 points for drying
Clock)；
(4) it sieves
(7) step (6) products therefrom is subjected to pulverization process, until 50% or more grain diameter passes through vibration less than 40 microns
Screen(ing) machine sieves smashed product, screens out the bulky grain of partial size >=100 micron, packaging.
5 composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of embodiment, takes following raw materials to be prepared (every part takes 20kg): 25 parts of alkaline residue,
26 parts of potassium sulfate, 33 parts of Potassiumiodate, 17 parts of marl, 12 parts of polybutene, 42 parts of ammonium sulfate, 36 parts of ammonium phosphate, 14 parts of silicon nitride,
8 parts of glass fibre, 10 parts of graphite powder, 19 parts of flyash.
Composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent preparation method, steps are as follows:
(1) crushing of raw material
(1) marl and glass fibre are routinely crushed, is uniformly mixed, crossed 35 meshes, be placed in airslide disintegrating mill, crushed
Time is 25-35 minutes, and alkaline residue and silicon nitride are continuously added when electric current is stablized, and is crushed 40 minutes；
(2) ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate are placed in container, silicone oil is added, and (dosage is ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate quality
30%) it, is uniformly mixed, stands 4 hours, crushed by micronizer, so that the grain of smashed ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate
It is 0.0-4.9% in 0.12mm standard screen that degree distribution, which meets,；It is 10-20% in 0.06mm standard screen；In 0.04mm standard screen
In be 10-20%；It is 60-75% in chassis；
(2) mixing of material
(3) potassium sulfate and Potassiumiodate are uniformly mixed, are placed in nitrogen atmosphere, stirred 3 hours at 86 DEG C, poly- fourth is added
Alkene is mixed 7 minutes at 58 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature；
(4) the smashed ammonium sulfate of step (2) and ammonium phosphate and step (3) products therefrom are sequentially placed into blender,
Stirring 25 minutes, is heated to 58 DEG C, is added step (1) gains, and isothermal holding 3 hours；
(5) flyash is added in step (4) products therefrom, is uniformly mixed, is warming up to 71 DEG C and isothermal holding 50 divides
Clock is added silicone emulsion 4 times of flyash quality (dosage be), and the silication time is 90 minutes, and graphite powder is added, and is uniformly mixed；
(3) it dries
(6) step (5) products therefrom is placed in dryer, (drying temperature is 149 DEG C, drying time is 120 points for drying
Clock)；
(4) it sieves
(7) step (6) products therefrom is subjected to pulverization process, until 50% or more grain diameter passes through vibration less than 40 microns
Screen(ing) machine sieves smashed product, screens out the bulky grain of partial size >=100 micron, packaging.
Test example: the effect in order to verify composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent (embodiment 1-5) of the present invention, we have done pair
Than test, respectively using embodiment 1-5 products obtained therefrom as experimental group；Control group (is purchased from Zhe Jiangding using other dry powder fire extinguishing agents
Power security against fire Science and Technology Ltd.), extinguishing effect, hydroscopicity, electrical insulating property, lower temperature resistance, jetting performance etc. are measured respectively
Performance indicator.
1, the measurement of extinguishing effect
The 10m of 2m*2m*2.5m is in the fire-extinguishing test space that fire fighting test uses3Opposite confined space, environment temperature are
10-30 DEG C, the condition divulged information and illuminated does not affect the free combustion of fuel.It is 31.64cm that tray for combustion, which is length and width, in experiment,
Height is the rectangular food tray of 16cm, food tray floor space 0.1m2, bottom clear water is made rebasing, and food tray bottom is selected far from ground 22cm
Fuel be ethyl alcohol, dosage 3L.A certain amount of water first is added in food tray bottom, the measured ethyl alcohol of graduated cylinder is poured into food tray,
Then it lights a fire, enabling pre-burning 30s closes test space door, sprays into a certain amount of dry powder fire extinguishing agent, records attack time.Test
The results are shown in Table 1.
1 extinguishing effect correlation data of table
As it can be seen from table 1 (pushing up power security against fire purchased from Zhejiang with other dry powder fire extinguishing agents in above-mentioned fire fighting test
Science and Technology Ltd.) it compares, composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention can be with less foamite amount when shorter
Interior fire extinguishing.For example using the attack time of 5 gained composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the embodiment of the present invention, 88 g is 9.4s, and
It is up to 13.6s using the attack time of 194g other dry powder fire extinguishing agents, so composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention goes out
Fiery performance is substantially better than the extinguishing property of other dry powder fire extinguishing agents, and fire-fighting efficiency is high.
2, the detection of hydroscopicity, electrical insulating property, lower temperature resistance, jetting performance etc.
By composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention and other dry powder fire extinguishing agents (purchased from Zhejiang top power security against fire science and technology
Co., Ltd) detection of hydroscopicity, electrical insulating property, lower temperature resistance, jetting performance etc. is carried out respectively.
The measurement of hydroscopicity: in the weighing bottle of constant weight, dry powder fire extinguishing agent 2g is weighed, 0.2mg is accurate to；By weighing bottle
Exempt to be placed on temperature (21 ± 3) DEG C, relative humidity be 75%-80% constant-temperature constant-humidity environment in for 24 hours；Weighing bottle capping is taken out to be placed in
In drier, is weighed after standing 15min, be accurate to 0.2mg.Hydroscopicity X1 =(m2-m1)/m1× 100%, wherein m1Before moisture absorption
Ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent quality, unit are gram (g)；m2For ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent quality after moisture absorption, unit is gram (g).Take difference
The average value of twice test result of the value no more than 0.05% is as measurement result.
The electrical insulating property of dry powder fire extinguishing agent is (big purchased from Ningbo Rui Ke using FT-401 dry powder fire extinguishing agent electrical insulating property tester
Industry Instrument Ltd.) it is measured.
The measurement of lower temperature resistance: weighing dry powder fire extinguishing agent 20g, be accurate to 0.2g, be placed in the test tube of dried and clean, will try
Pipe is put into -55 DEG C of environment 1 hour after jumping a queue, and takes out test tube, is kept it tilted until being inverted in 2s, is recorded its whole with stopwatch
The time flowed down takes the average value of 3 test results.
The measurement of jetting performance: the dry powder fire extinguishing agent that quality is (2250*Db ± 10) g is packed into special-purpose ejecting device (wherein
Db is the bulk density of dry powder extinguisher, g/ml), and carbon dioxide cartridge is attached on the device head of injector, then device head
It is fixed on special-purpose ejecting device；Injector is fixed on falling test stand, with the frequency of 0.417Hz, from (25.0 ± 1.5) mm
Height fall 250 times；By 8 hours in the drying box of injector placement (49 ± 2) DEG C；Injector is taken out, is started after punching press 5s
Injection, until pressure disappears；Weigh remaining dry powder fire extinguishing agent quality in injector.Then X2=(m3-m4)/m3* 100%, wherein m3
For the quality for spraying dry powder fire extinguishing agent in preceding injector, unit is gram (g), m4For the matter of dry powder fire extinguishing agent in injector after injection
Amount, unit are gram (g).Take the average value of 3 test results.
Concrete condition is as shown in table 2:
The comparison of table 2 hydroscopicity, electrical insulating property, lower temperature resistance, jetting performance
By table 2, it is apparent that either hydroscopicity, electrical insulating property, lower temperature resistance or jetting performance, the present invention
Composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent is more excellent than other dry powder fire extinguishing agent performances, is worth of widely use, and has biggish application prospect.
Finally it should be noted that embodiment is the optimal specific embodiment of the present invention, it is not limited to this
Invention, although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, according to
It is so possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or part of technical characteristic is equally replaced
It changes.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of composite high-performance dry powder fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that take the raw material of following weight proportions to be prepared: alkali
22-28 parts of slag, 23-29 parts of potassium sulfate, 28-36 parts of Potassiumiodate, 14-19 parts of marl, 9-15 parts of polybutene, ammonium sulfate 38-45
Part, 32-39 parts of ammonium phosphate, 12-16 parts of silicon nitride, 6-10 parts of glass fibre, 8-12 parts of graphite powder, 15-22 parts of flyash；Step
It is as follows:
(1) crushing of raw material
(1) marl and glass fibre are routinely crushed, is uniformly mixed, crossed 30-40 mesh, be placed in airslide disintegrating mill, crushed
Time is 25-35 minutes, and alkaline residue and silicon nitride are continuously added when electric current is stablized, and is crushed 35-45 minutes；
(2) ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate are placed in container, silicone oil is added, the dosage of silicone oil is ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate quality
25%-35% is uniformly mixed, and is stood 3-5 hours, is crushed by micronizer, so that smashed ammonium sulfate and phosphoric acid
It is 0.0-4.9% in 0.12mm standard screen that the size distribution of ammonium, which meets,；It is 10-20% in 0.06mm standard screen；In 0.04mm
It is 10-20% in standard screen；It is 60-75% in chassis；
(2) mixing of material
(3) potassium sulfate and Potassiumiodate are uniformly mixed, are placed in nitrogen atmosphere, stirred 2.5-3.5 hours, add at 83-90 DEG C
Enter polybutene, mixes 6-7 minutes, be cooled to room temperature at 57-60 DEG C；
(4) the smashed ammonium sulfate of step (2) and ammonium phosphate and step (3) products therefrom are sequentially placed into blender, are stirred
It 20-30 minutes, is heated to 55-60 DEG C, is added step (1) gains, isothermal holding 2-4 hours；
(5) flyash is added in step (4) products therefrom, is uniformly mixed, be warming up to 70-72 DEG C and isothermal holding 45-55
Minute, silicone emulsion is added, the dosage of silicone emulsion is 3-5 times of flyash quality, and the silication time is 80-100 minutes, is added
Graphite powder is uniformly mixed；
(3) it dries
(6) step (5) products therefrom is placed in dryer, is dried, drying temperature is 140-155 DEG C, drying time 100-
140 minutes；
(4) it sieves
(7) step (6) products therefrom is subjected to pulverization process, until 50% or more grain diameter passes through vibrating sieving machine less than 40 microns
Smashed product is sieved, the bulky grain of partial size >=100 micron is screened out, is packed.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that take the raw material of following weight proportions to be prepared: alkaline residue
24-26 parts, 25-27 parts of potassium sulfate, 30-34 parts of Potassiumiodate, 16-18 parts of marl, 11-13 parts of polybutene, ammonium sulfate 40-43
Part, 34-37 parts of ammonium phosphate, 13-15 parts of silicon nitride, 7-9 parts of glass fibre, 9-11 parts of graphite powder, 18-20 parts of flyash.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that take the raw material of following weight proportions to be prepared: alkaline residue
25 parts, 26 parts of potassium sulfate, 33 parts of Potassiumiodate, 17 parts of marl, 12 parts of polybutene, 42 parts of ammonium sulfate, 36 parts of ammonium phosphate, silicon nitride
14 parts, 8 parts of glass fibre, 10 parts of graphite powder, 19 parts of flyash.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the dosage of step (2) silicone oil is ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate
The 30% of quality.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (3) stirs 3 hours at 86 DEG C.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (3) mixes 7 minutes at 58 DEG C.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (5) is warming up to 71 DEG C and isothermal holding 50 minutes.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the dosage of step (5) silicone emulsion is flyash quality
4 times.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (6) drying temperature is 149 DEG C, drying time is
120 minutes.
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| CN111054015A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-24 | 海天消防科技股份有限公司 | Novel combined dry powder extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
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