CN102284106A - 注射装置 - Google Patents

注射装置 Download PDF

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CN102284106A
CN102284106A CN2011101787148A CN201110178714A CN102284106A CN 102284106 A CN102284106 A CN 102284106A CN 2011101787148 A CN2011101787148 A CN 2011101787148A CN 201110178714 A CN201110178714 A CN 201110178714A CN 102284106 A CN102284106 A CN 102284106A
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蒂莫西·西蒙·埃文斯
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Owen Mumford Ltd
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    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种注射装置，包括包含注射器(24)的壳体(101)至(104)。通过该壳体中部(102)中的窗口(14)，该注射器(24)的容纳物是可观察的。该窗口(14)由可滑动的遮挡板(12)遮蔽。该可滑动的遮挡板(12)由偏置弹簧(22)进行偏置，该偏置弹簧也偏置内部注射器托架。本发明还公开了一种可翻转的针帽，其最初用来覆盖该壳体的前端，且当移除时，将针护套(30)从注射器针(26)上脱离。该帽设计为可翻转的，使得在使用后，其可被翻转并重新连接到该壳体以覆盖暴露的针。

Description

注射装置
本申请是申请号为200780023806.0的中国发明专利申请(申请日：2007年5月10日；发明名称：具有遮挡板元件的注射装置)的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及包括壳体的类型的注射装置，该壳体包括包含用来注射进人体或动物体内的治疗物质的注射器或筒。
背景技术
某些治疗物质，例如肾上腺素，经过长时间的曝光会降解，导致其治疗效果减弱或丧失。先前，通过在至少对导致降解的光的主要波长带是不透明的壳体内设置注射器或筒，已经克服了这个问题。可替换地，该装置本身储存在提供光屏蔽或过滤效应的外部容器内。然而，屏蔽该治疗物质免受光的影响的要求与用户能够在进行注入之前检查注射器内的该治疗物质的状态以检查其没有被污染(discoloured)或泄漏的要求直接冲突。在上述第一种类型的注射装置中这是不可能的，且在第二种类型的注射装置中，也仅在必须提供分离的外部容器的代价下才是可能的。
发明内容
因此，在本发明的一个方面，提供一种注射装置，包括：
细长的壳体，该壳体用于在使用中容纳注射器或筒，该壳体具有窗口或观察孔，在使用中通过该窗口或观察孔检查该注射器或筒中的容纳物；
遮挡板元件，该遮挡板元件能够在暴露位置和隐蔽位置之间移动，在该暴露位置内该窗口或观察孔是可见的，在该隐蔽位置该窗口或观察孔是隐藏的，及偏置机构，该偏置机构使所述遮挡板元件向它的暴露位置移位。
以这种方式，通过缩回该遮挡板元件以由该窗口观察该容纳物，可容易地观察该注射器或筒中的容纳物。在该壳体本身上的可移动遮挡板元件的提供意味着不需要分离的外部容器，且该装置准备在紧急情况下使用。该装置包括使所述遮挡板元件向它的隐蔽位置移位的偏置机构，使得在该遮挡板元件从缩回位置释放时，该偏置机构使遮挡板元件返回到它的隐蔽位置。
优选地，该遮挡板元件包括大致包围所述壳体的并相对于所述壳体可滑动的套筒元件。虽然不排除存在旋转滑动运动，但该滑动运动优选是纵向的。
该偏置机构可方便地包括弹簧，例如大致同轴配置在所述壳体内的盘簧。
在一种配置中，其中该遮挡板元件相对于该壳体是可纵向移动的，该壳体包括至少一个邻近所述偏置装置或弹簧的细长槽，且所述遮挡板元件包括向内突出部分，所述向内突出部分适合向内突出穿过所述槽以接合所述弹簧。可具有在该壳体的每一侧配置一个的两个这样的槽，该遮挡板元件包括两个各自的突出部分。
为了该装置组装的方便，该或每个向内突出部分优选是弹性变形的，以在组装期间允许该遮挡板元件在该壳体的外部灵活移动。
在特别优选的配置中，其中该壳体包括用于在使用时容纳所述注射器或筒的托架，且该托架被安装为在前部位置和后部位置之间大致纵向地移动。偏置该遮挡板元件的偏置机构也偏置所述托架。这是特别有利的，因为使用同样的偏置机构减少了组件数量，且意味着该装置的直径不必增大到适应两个分离的弹簧。
优选地，该托架包括细长槽，和在该壳体上的与所述槽协作以限制纵向移动的向内突起。在该壳体上的该细长槽有利地与在托架上的该细长槽大致对准，同时在该壳体上的向内突起配置在该壳体槽的一个末端上。
同样，在多数情况下，在注射完成时，该托架由驱动弹簧的力，即克服偏置机构的力，而保持在其前部位置。这意味着，由位于其前部位置的该托架进行阻止或限制该遮挡板元件的打开运动，因此提供了该装置已经使用的外部指示。
在一种配置中，在使用中收纳在所述壳体内部的该注射器或筒具有针，该针最初由纵向可移动的护套保护，且所述注射装置进一步包括用来装配到该壳体前端以封闭用于储存的所述端的可移动帽，所述帽具有适合在其后端接合的后向延伸元件，该后端位于该可拆卸护套底座的后面，在使用中，当从所述壳体的该前端的移除所述帽时，通过与所述后向延伸元件的接合，使所述护套从所述针上脱离。
该后向延伸元件方便地可以是中空的大致圆柱形式，其后端包括用于在所述护套的该底座后面接合的内向定向的肋或槽。在该后向延伸元件和所述护套的该底座之间的该接合优选是弹性的，从而在移除所述帽时，使所述后向延伸元件的该后端可越过该针护套的底座弹性地移动到准备捕获该护套的位置。
优选地，所述帽是可翻转的，从而，在所述装置随后的使用中，利用向前扩展的所述后向延伸元件以相反的构造重新装配所述帽，以隐藏所述针。这是特别有利的，因为在使用后它为该装置提供安全的屏蔽。
在另一方面，本发明提供一种注射装置，包括用于在使用中容纳注射器或筒的细长的壳体，该壳体具有前端和后端，且该注射器或筒具有至少在该注射过程完成时从所述壳体的该前端突出的针，该针最初由纵向可拆卸的护套保护，所述装置进一步包括用来装配到该壳体前端的可拆卸的帽，所述帽具有适合在其后端接合的后向延伸元件，该后端位于该可拆装护套底座的后面，从而当从所述壳体的该前端移除所述帽时，从所述针上脱离所述护套。
同时，本发明已在上文中描述，它可扩展到在上文中或在下文说明书或权利要求中描述的特征的任何独创性组合。
附图说明
本发明可以各种方式执行，参照附图，现在仅以举例的方式描述其实施例，其中：
图1是根据本发明的注入之前的注射装置的侧视图，在其隐蔽位置具有遮挡板；
图2是穿过图1的注射装置的截面图；
图3是图1的注射装置的侧视图，但具有缩回其暴露位置的遮挡板；
图4是图3的配置的剖面图；
图5是图1的配置中的遮挡板元件和注射器托架的详细透视剖面图，但为了清楚将注射器省略；
图6是穿过后续注射的图1的注射装置的剖面图，具有暴露的针，及
图7是后续注射的注射装置的侧视图，但具有重新配置的帽。
具体实施方式
附图中的注射装置是试图作为服用治疗物质的单一用途的装置，该治疗物质例如是在过敏性休克情况的肾上腺素。该装置包括由前部101、中部102和后部103和尾环104组成的通常为圆柱形的壳体10。遮挡板元件12可滑动地安装在中部102的外侧周围，该遮挡板元件在图1及2示出的前部隐蔽位置和图3及图4示出的后部暴露位置之间是可移动的，在该遮挡板元件中暴露设置在中部102的侧面上的窗口14，且通过该窗口可观察注射器25中的容纳物。
具体参照图2、4、5和6，注射器托架16可滑动地安装在图2及4示出的后部位置和图6示出的前部位置之间的壳体中部102内。参照图5，注射器托架16也是通常的圆柱形并设有两个直径相对的槽18，该槽接收位于中部102上的两个径向向内突出的支座20，以限制注射器托架16的纵向运动。通过压缩盘簧22，注射器托架16向后偏置，该压缩盘簧在其前端接触后向的肩部23，该肩部组成中部102的一部分。该注射器托架容纳注射器24，该注射器包括玻璃或其它透明容器，该容器包括位于其前端的针26和用于排出注射器内的该物质的可滑动塞子28。该针26由推入配合在针栓32之上的针护套30初步遮蔽。
针帽34包括外部环36和后向延展的圆柱形开口端部38，在该圆柱形开口端部在其后端具有向内定向的肋40，该肋位于针护套30后端和注射器24的前部肩部之间的间隙中。该肋40的后端面是倾斜的，使得在组装期间，可推倒针帽30以卡扣连接到该帽和注射器肩部之间的间隙。
在注射装置的后端，设有弹簧插塞40，该弹簧插塞具有前端44和前部凸缘46，该前端44的尺寸设置成配合在接触该塞子28的注射器外壳内，该前部凸缘46适合用来接触注射器24的后端以限制施加到该塞子28的前驱移动。压缩驱动弹簧48作用在该弹簧插塞的后部凸缘50和后部壳体环104的内表面之间。该插塞具有已知形式的裂开的箭头状物50的构造，其易松开地接合该后部壳体环104上的保持表面52。安全按钮54配合到裂开的箭头状物50中的槽以阻止疏忽导致的触发。在移除安全帽54之后，触发按钮56被暴露，当按压该触发按钮时，挤压该裂开的箭头状物以将其从接合处释放。
遮挡板元件12设有两个向内定向的弹性支柱56，该弹性支柱突出穿过设置在壳体的中部102的各自的槽58，以限制遮挡板元件12的纵向运动。该支柱56与也使注射器托架16向后偏置的压缩弹簧22的前端接合。通过形成具有两个U-形切口57的环12，该支柱56形成为弹性的。如在60所示，中部102的前端成斜面，以使得通过滑过该壳体前端，可装配该遮挡板，从而通过斜面60临时向外放置该支柱56，然后落入该槽58的前端以与弹簧22接合。在使用前，在注射之前，为了检查注射器中的容纳物，可克服由压缩弹簧22提供的偏压向后拉遮挡板元件12，而暴露窗口14。
使用时，通过向前推针帽34以移除针帽34，和在这样动作时，该肋40将针护套30从针上推离。然后，用户将壳体前端放置到对着要注射的位置，移除安全帽54并按压触发按钮56。这将箭头状物50挤压到一起，从而由于该塞子28和注射器容器之间的摩擦，并且也由于容器中的流体的通常不能压缩的特性，而释放该插塞使得它最初由驱动弹簧48向前驱动，以与注射器托架16一起向前移动注射器。这个向前运动持续直到该槽18的后端接触壳体上的向内定向的销20，随后，该插塞向前驱动该塞子28以排出剂量，直至该凸缘46与该注射器的后端接合。然后用户从该注射位置移除该注射装置，在该注射位置点它处于图6所示的状态，包括针突出。然后用户翻转针帽34，使得外部环组配到具有屏蔽该针的圆柱形部件38的该壳体10的前端之上和周围。这个动作可以是一次性卡扣装配(snap-fit)。
可翻转的帽的这个特征提供了多功能性；它在使用前关闭且密封壳体；它定位注射器的前端以防止横向运动；它允许容易地去除针护套，并提供简单的仍然有效的针遮蔽，以在使用后使该装置安全。
接下来的注射，包括图6所示状态的该装置，由于该驱动弹簧的力比该压缩弹簧22的力强很多，该注射器托架保持在其运动的前部界限处。因此，注射器托架的前部位置阻挡遮挡板元件12的强制性运动，且这样提供了该装置已经使用的外部指示。

Claims (3)

1.一种注射装置，该注射装置包括用于在使用中容纳注射器或筒的细长的壳体，该壳体具有前端和后端，且该注射器或筒具有至少在注射过程完成时从所述壳体的该前端突出的针，该针最初由纵向可拆卸的护套保护，所述装置进一步包括可拆卸的帽，该帽适合分别以预注射方向和注射后方向中的任一个装配到该壳体的前端，所述帽具有后向延伸元件，该后向延伸元件适合在该后向延伸元件的后端被接合，该后向延伸元件的后端位于该可拆卸护套底座的后面，当所述帽是在其预注射方向时，当从所述壳体的该前端移除所述帽时，从所述针上移除所述护套，所述帽是可翻转的，使得在其注射后方向上可重新组配到该壳体的该前端上，其中在该注射后方向，该帽的该后向延伸元件沿远离该壳体的前端的方向向前延伸以遮蔽所述针。
2.根据权利要求1所述注射装置，其中所述后向延伸元件为中空的大致圆柱形式，该后向延伸元件的后端包括用于在所述护套的所述底座后面接合的内向定向的肋或槽。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的注射装置，其中在所述后向延伸元件和所述护套的该底座之间的该接合是弹性的，从而使得在组装期间，所述后向延伸元件的该后端能够越过所述底座而移动。
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