CN102144068A - 锁扣胶合板地板 - Google Patents
锁扣胶合板地板 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102144068A CN102144068A CN2009801345567A CN200980134556A CN102144068A CN 102144068 A CN102144068 A CN 102144068A CN 2009801345567 A CN2009801345567 A CN 2009801345567A CN 200980134556 A CN200980134556 A CN 200980134556A CN 102144068 A CN102144068 A CN 102144068A
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Abstract
本发明涉及锁扣结构的胶合板地板,其具有强化地板的优势和胶合板地板的优势两者,且本发明提供了其中对所述胶合板进行热压缩处理并使其为锁扣形状的胶合板地板。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及胶合板地板,更具体地涉及如下胶合板地板,其中对胶合板进行热压缩处理并进行锁扣成形(click-shaped),从而提供具有强化地板的优势和胶合板地板的优势两者的地板材料。
背景技术
关于地板材料的尺寸稳定性,胶合板地板比强化地板相对更好,而关于构造速度,强化地板是优异的。
具体原因在于,胶合板具有优异的尺寸稳定性,而锁扣紧固法(强化地板)使得构造速度比使用橡皮锤(胶合板地板)更快。
日本专利公报2002-194885号公开了胶合板地板材料,其中对多种木材层进行叠压并同时对各个木材层进行粘附,其包含主体部分、在所述主体部分的至少一侧上突出的实部(real part)、用于将其他胶合板地板材料的实部插入到主体部分另一侧的凹槽部分的底部、以及相对侧上的用于强化型的凹槽部分,其在所述主体部分的侧面与朝向主体部分的实部之间的端部上形成。然而,所述实部和所述凹槽部分具有T&G(Tongue and Groove,舌槽)结合结构。
韩国专利674210号公开了,用于地面装修的地板材料包含具有末端向下凸起的末端插入部分、具有末端向下凹槽的末端接收部分、以及粘附在另一侧上的热熔性粘合剂,所述末端向下凸起在底部上向下突出并在端侧上向外突出,所述末端向下凹槽在内部从另一端侧的中心部分到内部形成并在底部上向下形成围绕状(embay)且与末端插入部分成对,其中所述地板材料还包含侧面插入部分、侧面接收部分以及末端向上凸起,其中所述侧面插入部分具有在一侧上形成的侧向凸起和在底部上向下突出使得不与所述侧向凸起连续的侧面向下凸起,所述侧面接收部分在侧面接收凹槽的内部上以圆形向下形成,所述侧面接收凹槽在另一侧端上形成并具有在一点上向上延伸的侧面向下凹槽,所述末端向上凸起从所述末端向下凹槽向外延伸并然后向上突出且在一侧上还具有约30°的固定导向角。
韩国实用新型359803号公开了一种可调节的地板材料,其中在一侧的两个侧面上以固定长度形成突出部分,在另外两个侧面上形成与所述突出部分匹配的具有固定深度的插入凹槽,凹槽具有通过空气的作用且在下中心上形成所述凹槽以防止其自身发生变化,将具有固定厚度的弹性材料粘附到木板底部上以缓冲从木板上部施加的冲击和负载,在弹性材料底部上形成具有固定尺寸的间隔部分而使得木板的插入凹槽部分比木板小,当结合多个木板时木板的突出部分支撑突出部分和插入凹槽的结合区域,对胶合板材料进行粘附使得比木板大,从而使得形成结合区域以与利用上述地板材料组装的其他地板材料的弹性材料粘合在一起,插入多个固定的钉子以对木材、弹性材料和在胶合板材料底部上的胶合板材料进行结合,且所述突出部分和插入凹槽具有T&G结合结构。
韩国实用新型399316号公开了一种地板,其中在作为基材的塑料纤维和木纤维的复合板的上侧上利用天然标记型木材对其进行叠压。在上述新型的情况中,主要目的是提供具有坚固表面性能(strength surface property)的地板,所述坚固表面性能为胶合板地板的劣势,其中所述地板能够自由改变表面设计的外观效果和纹理,且所述地板的尺寸稳定性与胶合板地板处在相同水平上。
当为地板材料提供锁扣结构时,易于将地板材料安装到地面中。因此,正在进行许多研究以给家里和船上的基材如木材、胶合板、高密度纤维板(HDF)等长时间提供锁扣结构。
易于为基材如HDF和木材提供锁扣,但不能容易地为胶合板提供锁扣。原因在于,胶合板的密度(0.4~0.6g/cm3)比HDF的密度(0.8g/cm3)和木材的密度相对更低,从而使得在为胶合板提供锁扣时,锁扣形状会发生破裂或锁扣的加工表面会不光滑。为此,韩国不存在为胶合板提供锁扣的商业化产品。
另外,现有的胶合板地板在构造之后可能产生甲醛,从而存在关于室内空气质量的问题。原因在于,用于制备胶合板的合成树脂和用于构造胶合板地板的粘合剂主要导致上述问题。
发明内容
技术问题
根据本发明,在制备胶合板时利用合成树脂对胶合板进行浸渍并对胶合板进行热压缩处理,从而解决上述问题。具体地,根据本发明,在通过树脂浸渍法可以提高胶合板的尺寸稳定性并通过热压缩处理可以提高胶合板的密度之后,胶合板最终为锁扣状,从而能够开发胶合板地板,其中所述胶合板地板具有锁扣状、类似于强化地板的优异的尺寸稳定性,另外,所述胶合板地板为高密度胶合板材料,从而其与普通胶合板相比具有改进的表面性能。
因此,本发明的目的是提供具有强化地板和胶合板地板的全部三种优势即优异的尺寸稳定性、坚固的表面性能和快速的加工性的地板材料。
另外,本发明的另一个目的是提供胶合板地板,其中通过以无粘合剂方式构造地板材料,所述胶合板地板能够解决关于室内空气质量的问题,所述无粘合剂方式在构造时不需要粘合剂且还使用环境友好的合成树脂。
技术方案
为了实现上述目的,本发明实施方案的胶合板地板使用进行了热压缩处理的胶合板作为材料。
本发明另一个实施方案的胶合板地板使用利用合成树脂浸渍的胶合板作为材料。
本发明另一个实施方案的胶合板地板使用进行了热压缩处理并利用合成树脂浸渍的胶合板作为材料。
根据本发明,胶合板的树脂浸渍有助于提高尺寸稳定性且胶合板的热压缩处理有助于提高表面性能以及尺寸稳定性。
本发明至少使用浸渍或热压缩处理的材料,优选使用浸渍并热压缩处理的材料。
本发明所使用的胶合板的优势如下:首先,具有改进的表面性能如耐冲击性、耐刮擦性、印刷加工的品质等,因为通过热压缩处理提高了胶合板的密度;其次,由于使用粘结剂(合成树脂)浸渍/粘合方法制备胶合板,所以与现有的单板表面涂布/粘合方法相比,尺寸稳定性优异;第三,由于密度高,所以其能够为类似HDF的锁扣状,从而使得其具有如同强化地板的构造效果。
根据本发明,与未进行热压缩处理的胶合板相比,进行热压缩处理的胶合板的厚度下降了0.1~50%,优选1~20%,更优选约10%。另外,根据本发明进行热压缩处理的胶合板的密度为0.6~2.0g/cm3,优选0.6~1.0g/cm3,更优选0.7g/cm3。
本发明的合成树脂为用于平滑浸渍的具有100~20000cp粘度的粘性合成树脂。
本发明可使用的合成树脂如下:酚醛树脂、丙烯酸类树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、聚氨酯树脂、脲树脂、三聚氰胺-脲共缩聚树脂、三聚氰胺-酚醛共缩聚树脂、乙酸乙烯酯树脂等。
本发明的胶合板地板可为粘合性胶合板地板或非粘合性的胶合板地板。
在粘合性胶合板地板的情况中,利用粘合剂将胶合板粘附到地面上,且所述胶合板至少使用浸渍的胶合板。用于构造的粘合剂显示了粘结能力,使得其可以选择T&G(舌槽)结合结构。另外,能够使用锁扣结合结构(使用锁扣结构的结合)。此时,锁扣需要简单的紧固功能,从而使得所述锁扣结构可以为简单的结构。同时,在粘合性胶合板地板的情况中,当选择简单的紧固结构如T&G或具有低难度水平的T&G时,能够省略胶合板的热压缩处理,但当选择强化地板的锁扣时,应进行正常的热压缩处理。
在非粘合性的胶合板地板的情况中,不将胶合板粘附到地面上,所述胶合板至少使用进行热压缩处理并通过锁扣结合结构进行构造的胶合板,其中在热压缩处理的胶合板的侧面上形成锁扣结合结构。在非粘合性的胶合板地板的情况中,构造时不使用粘合剂,因此不能选择T&G结合结构,从而应该选择锁扣结构。另外,锁扣自身应显示坚固的结合能力,从而可使得锁扣结构复杂化。为了形成锁扣结构,必须对胶合板进行热压缩处理。另外,通过为具有高密度的胶合板提供锁扣结构,能够提供具有优异的尺寸稳定性和表面性能、以及类似于强化地板的锁扣形状的非粘合性的胶合板地板,所述高密度得自胶合板的热压缩处理。
本发明的胶合板地板可由表面保护层、表面层和得自上述的胶合板形成。此时,表面层可由标记型木材、印刷层和印刷膜形成。
可在本发明的胶合板的背面上形成凹槽,且通过所述凹槽降低了胶合板地板的尺寸变化且使得与地面的粘合性能优异。
根据本发明,可以利用泡沫塑料对胶合板的底部进行叠压,具体地,能够提供与胶合板集成的产品,其中将泡沫塑料粘附到胶合板的底部。通过在胶合板的底部上叠压泡沫塑料,能够提供平滑度并能够防止胶合板地板产品与地面之间的碰撞噪音。
附图说明
从连同附图给出的优选实施方案的下列说明,本发明的上述和其他目的、特征和优势变得显而易见,其中:
图1为本发明使用粘合剂的锁扣结构胶合板地板的横断面图;和
图2为本发明不使用粘合剂的锁扣结构胶合板地板的横断面图。
具体实施方式
下文中,将参考附图对本发明的实施方案进行详细说明。
图1为本发明的粘合剂锁扣胶合板地板的横断面图;所述胶合板地板由表面保护层10、表面层20和得自上述的胶合板30形成;所述胶合板30通过锁扣结合结构31而相互结合;且利用粘合剂40对所述胶合板30和地面60进行粘附构造。
在具有图1结构的粘合性胶合板地板上使用粘合剂进行构造的情况中,可选择简单紧固结构如T&G或具有低难度水平的T&G。此时,能够省略胶合板的热压缩处理。另外,此时,胶合板使用至少一种利用树脂浸渍的胶合板。
图2为本发明的无粘合剂锁扣胶合板地板的横断面图;所述胶合板地板由表面保护层10、表面层20、得自上述的胶合板30和泡沫塑料50形成;且所述胶合板30通过锁扣结合结构31进行结合。
在具有图2中所公开结构的非粘合性的胶合板地板的情况中,通过为具有高密度的胶合板提供锁扣形状以具有类似强化地板的锁扣形状而使其具有优异的尺寸稳定性和表面性能,所述高密度得自胶合板的热压缩处理。此时,至少使用热压缩处理的胶合板。图2的锁扣结构使用基本上进行了热压缩处理的胶合板,使得与图1的锁扣结构相比,能够以更复杂的结构形成图2的锁扣结构。
现有胶合板地板材料对于加工锁扣的密度低,使得锁扣形状可发生破裂或加工表面可能变粗糙。然而,本发明的热压缩处理的胶合板材料为锁扣状,从而可以解决现有结构的问题并可以消除构造时对粘合剂的需求。
表面保护层10为用于保护表面的层,例如,通过在涂布UV固化涂料之后的固化可形成所述表面保护层10。
表面层20为用于实现外观效果的层,例如,能够使用标记型木材、印刷层、印刷膜等。能够将从0.5mm厚度的普通标记型木材至3mm厚度的硬木标记型木材的范围用作标记型木材。另外,可以将转印层等用作印刷层,并可以将聚对二苯甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)膜等用作印刷膜。
所述胶合板为用于提供表面性能和尺寸稳定性的材料层,并能够使用利用合成树脂浸渍的胶合板和/或进行热压缩处理的胶合板。
能够将制造胶合板的普通方法分为如下步骤:制备单板→对单板进行干燥,修理工作→向单板涂布粘合剂→对单板进行叠压/热压缩→完成。
本发明制造胶合板的方法包括如下操作:制备单板→利用合成树脂对单板进行浸渍→对单板进行干燥,修理工作→对单板进行叠压/热压缩处理→完成。
本发明制造胶合板的方法的优势在于,其为树脂浸渍法并然后将树脂渗入到单板内部,从而与作为制造胶合板的普通方法的单表面粘合剂法相比,粘结能力和尺寸稳定性优异得多。另外,通过热压缩处理可提高胶合板的密度,从而能够提供具有类似于强化地板的高难度水平的锁扣形状。
优选将用于平滑浸渍的低粘度树脂用作合成树脂。合成树脂的密度优选为100~20000cp。能够将酚醛树脂、丙烯酸类树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、聚氨酯树脂、脲树脂、三聚氰胺-脲共缩聚树脂、三聚氰胺-酚醛共缩聚树脂、乙酸乙烯酯树脂等用作合成树脂。
另外,根据树的物种和用途,能够自由地对作为热压缩处理条件的热、压力和温度进行控制。使得本发明的结构中胶合板的密度水平为0.6~1.0g/cm3。
通过在胶合板30的侧面上形成锁扣结合结构31可大大提高构造速度。
锁扣结合系统为无粘合剂(无胶)机械紧固系统,其中,通过在以曲线型将凹槽部分和突出部分复杂连接的同时,在水平方向和垂直方向两种方向上形成而在水平方向和垂直方向上同时对所述系统进行紧固。
更具体地,例如如同在韩国专利430315号中所公开的,包含地面覆盖物的硬地板面板如下:所述面板的形状为长形或方形的四边形;所述面板具有一对和两对相反的侧面;在所述面板的两对相反侧面的边缘处至少提供一种突出部分和凹槽部分的联接部分;提供集成的机械紧固装置,其中所述联接部分包含在相关边缘的纵向上延伸的各个紧固元件;在使得紧固装置由单板和面板的核心形成而由此将两个面板相互连接的状态中,所述联接部分利用紧固装置在垂直于面板平面的方向上以及在与面板平面平行的方向上和垂直于连接边缘的方向上提供紧固;核心的材料由HDF板或MDF板形成;联接部分和由上述核心制得的紧固装置提供了用弹簧(snap)的紧固连接,所述紧固连接通过使地板面板在朝向侧面方向的方向上相互均匀地移动而使得可以将两个地板面板紧固,从而确保紧固元件在相互背面处固定。
在胶合板30的背面上可形成多个凹槽32,以用于提高胶合板地板的尺寸稳定性和与地面60的粘合性能。例如,可形成具有1~2mm宽度、1~4mm高度和10~0mm凹槽间距的凹槽。
粘合剂可将胶合板地板胶合到地面60上,且可使用环氧基粘合剂等。
泡沫塑料50可避免水对地面60的影响、提供地面的平滑度、并具有防止胶合板地板产品和地面60之间的碰撞噪音的孔。例如,可将发泡聚氨酯(PU)用作泡沫塑料50。对胶合板30和泡沫塑料50进行叠压的方法与构造普通强化地板的方法相同,例如,首先将泡沫塑料50的片覆盖在整个地面上,然后构造地板材料。另外,可将泡沫塑料50粘附在胶合板30的底部上,从而提供胶合板30和泡沫塑料50的集成产物。
实施例1
作为基材,省略了热压缩处理,并使用利用粘度为1000cp的合成树脂浸渍过的胶合板。所述胶合板的侧面为图1中所示的简单锁扣形状,并在胶合板的背面上形成凹槽。将标记型木材用作表面层,并将表面保护层形成为UV涂层。利用环氧基粘合剂对胶合板和地面进行粘附,从而制造具有如图1中所示结构的胶合板地板。
实施例2
使用浸渍(使用具有1000cp粘度的合成树脂)的并进行热压缩处理(密度为0.7g/cm3)的胶合板作为基材。所述胶合板的侧面为图2中所示的高难度水平的锁扣形状。将标记型木材用作表面层并利用UV涂层形成表面保护层。将发泡PU叠压在胶合板的底部上,从而制造具有如图2中所示结构的胶合板地板。
实施例3
使用利用树脂(使用具有1000cp粘度的合成树脂)浸渍并进行热压缩处理(密度为0.7g/cm3)的胶合板作为基材。所述胶合板的侧面为图2中所示的锁扣形状。将印刷膜用作表面层并利用UV涂层形成表面保护层。将发泡PU叠压在胶合板的底部上,从而制造具有如图2中所示结构的胶合板地板。
比较例1
如同日本专利公布2002-194885号中所公开的,在胶合板上形成T&G结合结构,从而制造胶合板地板。
比较例2
如同韩国专利注册674210号中所公开的,将高压三聚氰胺层压板(HPM)等叠压在高密度纤维板(HDF)等的基板(基材)上,从而制造具有锁扣结构的强化地板。
试验例
关于实施例和比较例的地板材料,对尺寸稳定性和表面性能进行了测量,然后将结果示于下表1中。
表1
在80℃下将实施例和比较例的产物注入干燥炉中并持续24小时,以对表1中的尺寸稳定性进行加热,并根据作为浸渍的评价标准KS F3200将所述产物注入室温下的水中并持续24小时,从而在产物的长度方向(L)和宽度方向(W)上分别测量注入之前和之后的尺寸变化。
当根据评价标准KS F 3104将246g重的铁珠自然下落时,通过测量在产物表面上发生凹陷和破裂时的下落高度,可对表1中表面性能的冲击性能和破裂性能进行评价。作为刮擦性,当使用刀刃利用特定的力在产物表面上进行刮擦时,通过对产生刮痕的力进行测量可评价所述刮擦性。
如表1中所示,可以知道,在实施例的情况中,在利用树脂进行浸渍并进行热压缩处理的胶合板基材的影响下,尺寸稳定性和表面性能通常是优异的,具体地,与比较例1的普通胶合板地板相比,肯定是优异的。
另外,可以知道,在作为高难度水平锁扣形状的实施例1和实施例3的情况中,构造速度与现有强化地板(比较例2)的构造速度相同。
工业实用性
所述胶合板地板可具有快速构造、坚固的表面性能和优异的尺寸稳定性的全部性能,所述性能为强化地板和胶合板地板的优势。
另外,本发明具有高密度的胶合板为锁扣形状,从而能够提供具有锁扣形状、优异的尺寸稳定性和类似于强化地板的表面性能的非粘合性的胶合板地板,其中所述高密度得自胶合板的热压缩处理。当使用粘合剂进行构造时,能够省略胶合板的热压缩处理并能够将其形成为锁扣形状,从而能够提供可提高构造速度的粘合性胶合板地板。
另外,通过在不使用构造用粘合剂并使用环境友好合成树脂的情况下以无粘合剂法构造地板材料,能够解决关于室内空气质量的问题。
Claims (12)
1.一种胶合板地板,所述胶合板地板使用经受热压缩处理的密度为0.6~1.0g/cm3的胶合板作为基材。
2.一种胶合板地板,所述胶合板地板使用经粘度为100~20000cp的合成树脂浸渍的胶合板作为基材。
3.一种胶合板地板,所述胶合板地板使用如下胶合板作为基材,所述胶合板经受热压缩处理,密度为0.6~1.0g/cm3,并经粘度为100~20000cp的合成树脂浸渍。
4.如权利要求1~3中任一项所述的胶合板地板,其中在所述胶合板的侧面上形成锁扣结合结构,且所述胶合板地板在所述胶合板与地面之间是非粘合性的。
5.如权利要求1~3中任一项所述的胶合板地板,其中所述胶合板地板为粘合型,其中利用粘合剂将所述胶合板粘附到地面上。
6.如权利要求5所述的胶合板地板,其中在所述胶合板的侧面上形成T&G(舌槽)结合结构。
7.如权利要求1~3中任一项所述的胶合板地板,包含表面保护层、表面层和得自上述的胶合板。
8.如权利要求7所述的胶合板地板,其中所述表面层由标记型木材、印刷层或印刷膜形成。
9.如权利要求1~3中任一项所述的胶合板地板,其中在所述胶合板的背面上形成凹槽。
10.如权利要求1~3中任一项所述的胶合板地板,其中在所述胶合板的底部上叠压有泡沫材料。
11.如权利要求10所述的胶合板地板,其中通过将泡沫材料粘附到所述胶合板的底部上而对所述胶合板进行集成。
12.如权利要求2或3所述的胶合板地板,其中所述合成树脂为选自酚醛树脂、丙烯酸类树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、聚氨酯树脂、脲树脂、三聚氰胺-脲共缩聚树脂、三聚氰胺-酚醛共缩聚树脂和乙酸乙烯酯树脂中的一种或多种。
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JP (1) | JP5660541B2 (zh) |
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US11072929B2 (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2021-07-27 | Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl | Wall or ceiling panel and wall or ceiling assembly |
EP3670176B1 (de) | 2018-12-19 | 2021-03-24 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Verfahren zum herstellen eines furnierten holzwerkstoffs und holzwerkstoff aus einer trägerplatte und mindestens zwei furnieren |
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JP5660541B2 (ja) | 2015-01-28 |
WO2010027133A1 (ko) | 2010-03-11 |
KR101166284B1 (ko) | 2012-07-17 |
US20110162308A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
JP2012501395A (ja) | 2012-01-19 |
US8703299B2 (en) | 2014-04-22 |
KR20100027611A (ko) | 2010-03-11 |
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