CN102137691A - 自动注射装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种自动注射装置,具有前可分离组件(10)和后可分离组件(12)。后组件包含由从前组件延伸的致动套管(14)的向后运动而触发或解锁的驱动组件。提供锁定盘(16),其将致动套管克服向后运动锁定,直至盘移动至开锁位置。当致动件(14)初始向后运动时,盘自动地返回到锁定位置,这样,当完成注射以后,致动件(14)向前移动时,其锁在外面以罩住自动注射装置的针。在可选的实施例中,连接盘能与致动件(14)整体制成。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及自动注射装置,特别但不排他地,涉及可再使用自动注射装置。
背景技术
存在对可再使用自动注射装置的越来越多的需求。因为在这种装置中,通常需要一些可局部拆卸的形式,从而允许用过的注射管被新的取代,尤其重要地是保证一些安全措施以确保当注射器重新组装且驱动部件再填装(re-prime)时,存在可靠的安全锁或类似物以确保装置安全地离开并仅能够随着安全锁的释放而激发。
发明内容
因此,根据一个方面, 本发明提供了一种自动注射装置,包括:
主体;
驱动部件,所述驱动部件在所述主体中用于被激发以从使用的注射管中发射一次剂量;
致动件,所述致动件与所述主体关联并能够从第一位置移动到所述部件被激发的第二位置;
锁定件,所述锁定件与所述致动件关联以阻止所述致动件到达所述第二位置,当所述致动件处于所述第一位置时,所述锁定件和所述致动件能够在锁定位置和开锁位置之间相对移动,其中,在将所述锁定件移动到其开锁位置时,以及在将所述致动件移动到其第二位置以后,伴随着所述锁定件返回到其锁定位置,所述致动件返回到其第一位置。
因此,在优选的实施例中,当所述致动件返回到其第一闲置位置时,所述锁定件重置到其锁定位置。
锁定件可以是相对于所述致动件和所述主体能够移动地安装的隔离构件,或者其可以与所述本体的整体部分关联或者形成所述本体的整体部分。
优选地,所述致动件朝向其第一位置偏置,并且所述锁定构件可以方便地朝向其锁定位置偏置。因此,在优选的配置中,锁定件移动至其开锁位置而所述致动件相对其偏置移动以打开驱动部件。致动件上载荷的释放使其返回到其第一位置,因而所述锁定件上的偏置将其重置至其锁定位置。
虽然可能有其它配置,优选地是所述致动件能够在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间线性地移动。
优选地,所述致动件包括针罩部分,并且当所述注射的完成时,所述致动件至其第一位置的返回用所述罩部分罩住注射管的针。在这种方式中,致动件具有双重目的,既能激发驱动部件又能罩住针。此外,在所描述的实施例中,由于致动件返回其第一位置时,锁定件返回至其锁定位置,所述配置提供罩部分的有效封锁。
虽然可能有其它配置,但是锁定件优选地能够在锁定位置和开锁位置之间成角度地移动。
可能有许多不同配置以允许锁定件阻止致动件到达第二位置,在一个特定的优选配置中,锁定件能够相对于所述致动件有限角运动,但相对于其纵向地固定,并且锁定件和外壳具有配合的邻接表面,当锁定件移动至开锁位置时,邻接表面旋转脱开闭锁对准(blocking alignment)。
在优选实施例中,致动件和所述锁定件中的一个具有与锁定位置和开锁位置对应的设置在其中的间隔凹槽,而致动件和所述锁定件中的另一个具有齿形元件,当致动件处于其第一位置时,齿形元件能够从锁定凹槽单向角运动(uni-directional angular movement)至开锁凹槽,致动件朝向所述第二位置的运动将齿形元件从开锁凹槽中轴向地撤回,因而允许齿形元件返回以与锁合凹槽角度配准(angular registration)。
驱动部件可以采用多种形式但是在优选实施例中包括驱动弹簧、在所述外壳之内能够纵向移动的驱动件和用于将驱动件闩锁在已填装位置的闩锁,其中所述致动件可操作以释放所述闩锁。
优选地,所述闩锁包括至少一个侧部,所述至少一个侧部大致平行于驱动弹簧的轴线延伸,并且具有适于与所述致动件上各自的互补倾斜表面配合以当所述致动件朝向其第二位置移动时释放闩锁的倾斜表面。为了提供对称载荷,闩锁优选地包括两个侧部,在致动件上有两个各自的倾斜表面。
主体方便地由可分离的前部分和后部分形成,后部分包含驱动部件的至少大部分,而前部分支撑所述致动件和所述锁定件。优选地,致动件从所述主体向前延伸,通常围绕针并与使用中的注射区接触。致动件可以包括与其相关的可移动可调解部分,用于调解所述致动件的有效长度,并且因此调解使用中的注射管针的穿透长度。
在另一方面中,本发明提供一种自动注射装置,包括主体,主体具有可分离的前部分和后部分,后部分包含由闩锁操作的驱动部件,而所述主体的前部分具有从本体向前延伸并适于在应用到注射区并被压时被向后驱动至本体以释放所述闩锁的致动件。
在本发明的另一方面中,提供一种自动注射装置,包括前可分离后外壳部分和后可分离后外壳部分,后外壳部分包含驱动部件,驱动部件包括驱动能量存储器、驱动件和将驱动件锁在已填装位置用于对前向运动解锁的闩锁配置,前外壳部分包括具有从外壳部分向前延伸的针罩套管部分的致动件,致动件可向后移动以解锁驱动件,前外壳部分还包括注射筒载体,所述注射筒载体安装在所述致动件上/内用于相对于其的纵向运动。
虽然以上对本发明进行了描述,但是本发明扩展至上述展示的特征的组合或者以下描述或权利要求。
附图说明
本发明可以以多种方式施行,并且现在仅以示例方式描述其实施例,以下随附的图示将作为参考:
图1是根据本发明的自动注射器的基本立体图;
图2(a)和(b)分别是图1的自动注射器在闲置位置的侧视图和纵视图;
图3是自动注射器处于闲置位置时的立体图,为了清楚起见外盒体被分开;
图4(a)和(b)分别是说明填装(prime)操作的侧视图和纵视图;
图5(a)和(b)分别是已填装(primed)自动注射器以及已填装的预填充注射器的侧视图和纵视图;
图6(a),(b)和(c)分别是已开锁并待注射的自动注射器的纵向截面视图、横向截面视图以及侧视图。
图7(a),(b)和(c)是锁定部件的各个细节示图,显示其分别处于锁定位置、开锁位置以及闲置位置;
图8(a)和(b)分别是显示注射的激活(activation)的侧视图和纵视图;
图9是自动注射器处于激活(activation)阶段的示图,为了清楚起见外盒体被分开;
图10(a)和(b)是当注射完成而装置仍然压在皮肤上时的各个侧向截面视图和纵向截面视图;
图11(a)和(b)是显示自动注射器接着从注射区撤回的各个侧向截面视图和纵向截面视图;
图12是前组件的分解图;
图13是后组件的分解图;
图14是可选实施例中套筒14后端的详细示图。
具体实施方式
首先参见图1,所述实施例中的自动注射器分别包括可分离的前组件和后组件10、12。接下来会明显地,前组件和后组件通过卡口式零件(bayonet fitting)而连接以允许包含药物的注射管的轻松插入和撤回。后组件包括稍后将会更加详细描述的驱动部件,而前组件包括可纵向移动套管14(其前向部分在图1中可见)以及旋转锁定盘16。
现在更加详细地参见图2,3,12和13,前组件10包括前盒体18,套管14和盘16的前向部分通过前盒体18突出。螺纹地容纳在套管的前端的是深度调节器20,深度调节器20其上标有通过套管中的窗口22可见的穿透深度标记。套管的后端具有成对向后延伸的叉24,每个叉具有斜坡表面26。叉24在套口30中向后通过狭槽28,套口通过在前盒体18上位于径向相对凹槽34中的径向相对尖头(pip)32而固定在前盒体中。套管14通过在套口30和套管14之间作用的弹簧36而向前偏置。注射筒载体38被可滑动地容纳在套管14的前向端之内并由载体弹簧40向后偏置。注射筒载体38在套管14之内的轴向运动通过进入注射筒载体38的狭槽44中的两个向内指向的突片42而限制。注射筒载体38的向外翻转后端46与内向肋48在套口30的前向圆筒状延伸体上配合。
如图3所示,锁定盘具有两个径向相对部分圆筒状向后延伸体50,其从盘16的外表面径向竖立。这个的紧邻前方是两个弹性舌部58,每个具有从前方看在自由顺时针端处的外向齿60。扭转弹簧52在套管14和盘16之间作用,以从前方看在逆时针方向上偏置盘。当组件处于闲置位置时,齿60被接收在前盖18内侧相应的“锁定”凹槽62中,但是舌部的弹力意味着齿60能够通过旋转盘克服扭转弹簧52的偏置而被卡入各自的“开锁”凹槽64中。特别地,参见图12,前盒体18的内壁具有两个径向相对竖立筋(web)66,其与盘16上的延伸体50可选择地配合以根据盘是否处于开锁位置(齿60在“开锁”凹槽64中)或者闭锁位置(齿在“闭锁”凹槽62中)而允许或阻止盘16在前盒体18之内的向后运动。前盒体具有与盘16上的标记70配合的指示器68,以指示盘是闭锁的还是开锁的。盘16能够在套管14的前端旋转,但是,当盘16通过外向弹性齿72夹在套管的前端时,这两者一起纵向移动。
盘16和套管14由弹簧36向前推动,从而,在闲置时,齿60被向前推动以与“闭锁”凹槽62配合。然而,当装置已经被开锁时,齿然后在凹槽64中,由于注射器压靠皮肤,套管和盘的向后运动将齿60轴向地移动到“开锁”凹槽64外,这样,在扭转弹簧52的影响下,盘然后朝向齿60与“锁定”凹槽62轴向地对齐的位置旋转回部分路线,通过筋66保持短的精确的定位。
现在说到后外壳组件12,并且特别地说到图3和13,后组件12包括由其上扣搭配合顶盒82的底盒80形成的外盒体。底盒80的前端形成有与互补零件86配合的卡口式零件84,互补零件86设置在套口30的内侧,套口30形成为前组件10的部分。位于盒体中的是装配在中空管状活塞90之内的主驱动弹簧88。鞍状形式的闩锁92具有前向延伸臂94,前向延伸臂94具有设计成与前组件10中套管14的臂24上的斜坡表面26配合的斜坡表面96。
臂94的后向延伸体设置有枢转突片98,其被接收在底盒中座位100中以允许闩锁92枢转。闩锁92的中心部分向前延伸的是板簧100,其作用在顶盒82上以将闩锁92向下偏置至自锁位置。至于板簧的后部,闩锁下侧的是闩锁邻接部102。活塞90在其前端上具有闩锁表面104,闩锁表面104与闩锁邻接部102协作以闩锁活塞在其被填装位置。活塞90还具有横向短柱状引导部106,横向短柱状引导部进入底盒80中的导向槽108以引导活塞并防止其转动。活塞由诸如红色的区别颜色的塑性材料制成,而顶盒82具有注射完成窗口110,当处于前向位置时,活塞通过注射完成窗口110是可见的,从而显示注射完成。
现在说到装置的操作,假设其处于图2(a)和(b)所示的闲置位置,后组件12首先从第一组件10中脱开并转向,从而位于深度调节器端部的针套去除器21面向活塞90。前组件和后组件被一起推动,从而活塞90克服主驱动弹簧88的偏置由针套去除器推动,直至活塞通过结合闩锁表面104在活塞上的闩锁邻接部102而闩锁(参见图4(a)和(b))。通过将注射筒插入注射筒载体38并推动直至针套经过针套去除器21的后端上的齿23,包括筒体2,冲杆4,针6和针套8的注射筒被装载入前组件10(参见图5(b))。接着,通过连接卡口式联接器84、86,前组件和后组件10、12被组装在一起。
然后,通过将锁定盘沿着图6(c)中箭头X的方向相对于扭转弹簧52的偏置旋转,装置被解锁。这个动作旋转旋转盘16上的延伸体50脱开与前外壳18内侧的筋66的轴向配准(参见图(7a)和(7b))。同时,锁定盘16上的齿60克服扭转弹簧52的偏置,从“锁定”凹槽62移动至“开锁”凹槽64。
然后,自动注射器被提供至注射区并被压以引起套筒14和旋转盘16向后移动至外壳。在这个运动的开始阶段,旋转盘16上的齿60完全轴向地移动出“开锁”凹槽,因此通过扭转弹簧52的影响,朝向与“锁定”凹槽的轴向配准,现在自由地旋转回部分路线(但是向后移动)。套管16的角运动被与筋66配合的延伸体50抑制。继续按压驱动套筒14和盘16进一步进入外壳直至套筒14上的叉24与闩锁上的臂94接合,且各自的斜坡表面26和96配合以造成闩锁92相对于其弹性偏置100枢转以释放活塞90(参见图9)。活塞向前移动以与注射筒的冲杆4配合。最初,注射筒筒体2内的液体药物用作固体,这样,注射筒冲杆上的压力使筒体2向前移动以造成针6从套筒14突出以刺入使用者的肉体中。当注射筒载体的向外翻转端46与套口30上的向内翻转唇部48配合时,注射筒和注射筒载体38的向前运动停止。因此,活塞90继续向前移动以移动冲杆4而发射一次剂量(参见图10(b))。在此期间,由于注射器载体38向前移动以压缩弹簧40,套筒14仍然相对静止,套筒14内侧的突片42进入注射筒载体的狭槽44中。此刻活塞通过注射完成窗口110可见。
从皮肤将装置拔离,允许套筒14在弹簧36和44的影响下向前移动,这样,套筒14和深度调节器61罩住注射筒针6。就在套筒靠近其最前位置时,延伸体50向前滑动出前盒体18的筋66的端部,延伸体接着邻接套筒14的臂24,这样,延伸体50现在与筋66间隙对准,并且盘16随着齿60撤回到锁定凹槽62而返回到其锁定位置。套筒14和深度调节器20因此相对于罩住针的缩回运动而锁定,而盘16处于其锁定位置。
前组件和后组件接着可以分离以允许注射筒的撤回准备下一轮。
在上述实施例中,锁定功能有三个主要构件,即,前盖、盘和套筒。在变化例中(未示出),代替前盖和成角度固定的套筒,盘在锁定位置和开锁位置之间可旋转,在可选的布置中,盘省略,取而代之的是,套筒能够克服弹簧偏置而有限地旋转以锁定/开锁,并且然后用套筒和本体上的各个锁定邻接和凹槽重置。除此之外,实施例基本如上操作。在此变化例中,套筒14设置有延伸体50和齿60,而套筒可旋转地装载在前外壳中。在图3中,例如,套筒14和盘16会一起固定或者整体地形成,而套筒/盘作为整体相对于前外壳可旋转。当然,这种配置中,提供适当改进的构造以利用套筒的向后运动对活塞进行解锁。在一种配置中,通过当套筒14在锁定位置和开锁位置之间旋转时确保叉24沿着套筒纵向地移动但仍然相对于外壳成角度的固定的适当配置,延伸自套筒14后部的叉24能够可旋转地连接到套筒。例如,叉24a形成在圆柱形外壳24b上,如图14所示的,其形成(jounalled)在套筒的后部。
Claims (20)
1.一种自动注射装置,包括:
主体(10,12);
驱动机构(88,90),所述驱动机构在所述主体中用于被激发以从使用的注射管(2-8)中发射一次剂量;
致动件(14),所述致动件与所述主体关联并能够从第一位置移动到所述机构被激发的第二位置;
锁定件(16),所述锁定件与所述致动件(12)关联,当在锁定位置时用于阻止所述致动件到达所述第二位置,当所述致动件处于所述第一位置时,所述锁定件和所述致动件能够在锁定位置和开锁位置之间相对移动,其中,在将所述锁定件移动到其开锁位置时,以及在将所述致动件移动到其第二位置以后,伴随着所述锁定件返回到其锁定位置,所述致动件返回到其第一位置。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述致动件(14)朝向其第一位置偏置。
3.如权利要求1或权利要求2所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述锁定件(16)朝向其锁定位置偏置。
4.如任一前述权利要求所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述致动件(14)能够在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间线性地移动。
5.如任一前述权利要求所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述致动件(14)包括针罩部分,并且当所述注射完成时,所述致动件至其第一位置的返回用所述罩部分罩住注射管的针(6)。
6.如任一前述权利要求所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述锁定件(16)能够在所述锁定位置和所述开锁位置之间有角度地移动。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述锁定件(16)和所述外壳(10,12)具有配合邻接表面(66,50),当所述锁定件移动至开锁位置时所述配合邻接表面旋转脱开闭锁对准。
8.如权利要求6或权利要求7所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述锁定件(16)能够相对于所述致动件有限地角运动,但是相对于所述致动件纵向地固定。
9.如权利要求8所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述致动件(14)和所述锁定件(16)中的一个具有与锁定位置和开锁位置对应的设置在其中的间隔的凹槽(62,64),而致动件和所述锁定件中的另一个具有齿形元件(60),当致动件处于其第一位置时,所述齿形元件(60)能够从锁定凹槽(62)角运动至开锁凹槽(64),致动件朝向所述第二位置的运动将齿形元件从开锁凹槽(64)中轴向地撤回,由此齿形元件朝向与锁合凹槽角度配准移动。
10.如任一前述权利要求所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述驱动机构包括驱动弹簧(88),在所述外壳之内能够纵向移动的驱动件(90),和用于将驱动件锁在已填装位置的闩锁(92),其中所述致动件可操作以释放所述闩锁。
11.如权利要求10所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述闩锁(92)包括至少一个侧部(94),所述至少一个侧部(94)大致平行于所述驱动弹簧的轴线延伸,并且具有适于与所述致动件(14)上各自的互补倾斜表面(26)配合的倾斜表面(96),以当所述致动件朝向其第二位置移动时释放所述闩锁。
12.如任一前述权利要求所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述主体形成有可分离的前部分(10)和后部分(12),其中所述后部分包含所述驱动机构(88,90)的至少大部分,而所述前部分支撑所述致动件(14)和所述锁定件(16)。
13.如任一前述权利要求所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述致动件(14)从所述主体向前延伸。
14.如任一前述权利要求所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述致动件(14)包括与其关联的用于调节所述致动件的有效长度的可移动可调节部分(20)。
15.一种自动注射装置,包括:
主体(10,12);
驱动机构(88,90),所述驱动机构在所述主体中用于被激发以从使用的注射管(2-8)中发射一次剂量;
致动件(14),所述致动件与所述主体关联并能够从第一纵向位置移动到所述机构被激发的第二纵向位置;
可释放的锁定装置(50,66),所述可释放的锁定装置与所述致动件(14)关联用于阻止所述致动件到达所述第二位置,当所述致动件处于所述第一位置时,所述致动件(14)能够在锁定位置和开锁位置之间调节,其中,在调节所述致动件到其开锁位置时,并且在将所述致动件移动到其第二位置以后,伴随着所述致动件返回到其锁定位置,所述致动件返回到其第一位置。
16.如权利要求15所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:当处于其第一纵向位置时,所述致动件能够在其锁定位置和开锁位置之间有角度地移动。
17.如权利要求15或16所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:当处于其第一纵向位置时,所述致动件能够在其锁定位置和开锁位置之间手动地移动。
18.如权利要求15-17所述的一种自动注射装置,其中:所述锁定装置包括与致动件整体地形成的锁定元件(50),所述与致动件整体地形成的锁定元件(50)与形成在所述主体(10)的部分(18)中的相应锁定元件(66)配合。
19.一种自动注射装置,包括主体,所述主体具有可分离的前部分(10)和后部分(12),其中所述后部分包含由闩锁(92)操作的驱动机构(88,90),而所述本体的前部分具有致动件(14),所述致动件(14)从所述主体向前延伸,并适于在应用到注射区并被压时被向后驱动至所述本体中以释放所述闩锁。
20.一种自动注射装置,包括前可分离后外壳部分(10)和后可分离后外壳部分(12),其中所述后外壳部分包含驱动机构,所述驱动机构包括驱动能量存储器(88)、驱动件(90)和将驱动机构锁在已填装位置用于对前向运动解锁的闩锁配置(92),前外壳部分包括具有从外壳部分向前延伸的针罩套管部分的致动件(14),所述致动件可向后移动以解锁所述驱动件,前外壳部分还包括注射筒载体(38),所述注射筒载体安装在所述致动件上/内用于相对于其纵向运动。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2015061664A (ja) | 2015-04-02 |
WO2010023481A1 (en) | 2010-03-04 |
US9242053B2 (en) | 2016-01-26 |
US20110202011A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
CN103505782B (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
EP2331174A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
JP6039635B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
CN103505782A (zh) | 2014-01-15 |
GB0815653D0 (en) | 2008-10-08 |
CN102137691B (zh) | 2014-07-16 |
GB2463034A (en) | 2010-03-03 |
JP5735424B2 (ja) | 2015-06-17 |
JP2012500696A (ja) | 2012-01-12 |
GB2463034B (en) | 2012-11-07 |
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