CN102124889B - Seedling culture method for Tibetan medicine Aconitum sinomontanum - Google Patents
Seedling culture method for Tibetan medicine Aconitum sinomontanum Download PDFInfo
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- CN102124889B CN102124889B CN2010105833954A CN201010583395A CN102124889B CN 102124889 B CN102124889 B CN 102124889B CN 2010105833954 A CN2010105833954 A CN 2010105833954A CN 201010583395 A CN201010583395 A CN 201010583395A CN 102124889 B CN102124889 B CN 102124889B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seedling culture method for Tibetan medicine Aconitum sinomontanum, comprising the following steps: (1) seed collection: selecting wild Aconitum sinomontanum which grows strongly, has big laminae and is free from plant diseases and insect pests as a seed collection seedling for collecting seeds, and drying to obtain wild Aconitum sinomontanum seeds; (2) preparing seedling culture soil; (3) wild Aconitum sinomontanum seed processing: evenly stirring the wild Aconitum sinomontanum seeds with sand, and obtaining the processed wild Aconitum sinomontanum seeds after sand possession processing; (4) sterilization: sterilizing the processed wild Aconitum sinomontanum seeds by a HgCl2 solution, and washing and draining to obtain wild Aconitum sinomontanum aseptic seeds; and (5) putting seedling culture soil in a plurality of culture pots; putting 2-3 wild Aconitum sinomontanum aseptic seeds into each culture pot; covering the seedling culture soil on the culture pot, and putting the culture pot into a cold frame; and covering a film to moisturize to obtain Aconitum sinomontanum germchit. With the method, the wild Aconitum sinomontanum is changed into sexual reproduction from asexual reproduction so as to realize manual large-scale plantation. With the method disclosed by the invention, the rate of emergence is above 60%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wild medicinal plant artificial domesticating cultivation technical field, relate in particular to the high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Tibetan medicine.
Background technology
The high rhizome of Chinese monkshood is the dry root of the high rhizome of Chinese monkshood of Ranunculaceae aconitum plant (Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai); Be Tibetan medicine and medical materials traditionally used in certain regions, have another name called that Root of Tall Monkshood, gunny, burlap pocket, system day bag, broken bone are returned to life from the nether world, pocket seven, broken bone seven, straw rain cape seven etc.; It grows in patana or the sylvan life wetland of height above sea level 2500-4000m; Mainly be distributed in provinces such as China Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and Hebei; Have dispel rheumatism, the effect of blood stasis removing analgesic, can be used for the treatment of diseases such as rheumatism lumbocrural pain, traumatic injury, dyspeptic abdominalgia, prevention venomous snake bite.Modern study finds that the Lappaconitine that from its root, extracts (lapp aconine) is processed hydrobromate, and effects such as its analgesia, detumescence are good; Do not have a habituation property; Clinical treatment to patients such as cancer of the stomach, liver cancer, lung cancer, canker, gastritis, breast cancer, duodenal ulcers has stronger analgesic activity, also has local anaesthesia, cooling and detumescence effect, no habituation property, no teratogenesis in addition; Savings can not take place yet poison, patients with hepatic renal function, hematopoiesis function are not had influence.If from the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood, directly extract Lappaconitine, its recovery rate is merely 3～5 ‰, but simultaneously the picking period of the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood reach more than 4 years, and wild resource is limited.Though well received with this new formulation of developing over nearly 20 years, medicine source security problem is severe.Therefore, artificial cultivation has good prospects, and in each item sport technique segment of under the people, cultivating, the seedling growing process difficulty is bigger.
At present, because high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed development imperfection, it contains a kind of material of sprout inhibition; Seed germination rate is extremely low under the artificial planting condition, the germination rate less than 1%, therefore; Artificial planting adopts the mode of former plant roots and stems division propagation of the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood or the breeding of bud head to carry out vegetative propagation; But all there is following defective in they: (1) this dual mode all depends on wild former plant roots and stems, and its reproduction rate is limited, and 3～5 strain artificial cultivation article are only bred in a wild strain; (2) these two kinds of modess of reproduction are vegetative propagation, with respect to sexual propagation investment is big, labour cost is high, a little less than the resistance, disease resistance is low; (3) when utilizing the rhizome of having bred to breed once more, degradation phenomena appears in seedling, shows that quality, output, the resistance against diseases of seedling all presents reduction in various degree; (4) wild resource destroys seriously, has irreversibility.Therefore, adopt this dual mode to grow seedlings and to realize manual scale planting.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of mode easy, that be prone to row, employing sexual propagation and realizes the high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling-cultivating method of Tibetan medicine of manual scale planting.
For addressing the above problem, the high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Tibetan medicine of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) collect seed:
Select that robust growth, blade are big, the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood of no damage by disease and insect is as the seed collecting seedling, gradation is collected seed in batches at the beginning of by the end of July to 9 months, after drying, obtains thousand kernel weight 3.5～3.8g, water content and be 12～13%, the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed of degree of purity >=98%;
(2) grow seedlings soil preparation:
Select fertile meadow soil; Soil is dug, broken up the clods, remove grass roots, branch, stone; After crossing 5～10 mesh sieves; Sneaking into farmyard manure 5～13kg, diammonium phosphate 30～55g and the mass concentration of becoming thoroughly decomposed fully by per hundred kilograms of soil is 50% phoxim baythion 0.2g, after mixing, promptly gets the soil of growing seedlings;
(3) processing of wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed:
With the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed of said step (1) gained with gibberellin immersion treatment 10～12 hours; And eluriate, drain away the water that back and water content are 70～80%, the sand of mistake 15～25 mesh sieves is mixed thoroughly by 1: 20 weight ratio through clear water; Handle 28～32 days, 3～4 ℃ husky down Tibetan and handle 90～95 days, 19～21 ℃ husky down Tibetan and handled the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seeds after obtaining handling 28～32 days 15 ± 3 ℃ of down husky Tibetan successively;
(4) sterilization:
Wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed after the said processing is used HgCl
2Solution sterilization 10～15 minutes after clear water is eluriated, drained away the water, promptly gets wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood aseptic seed;
(5) in several nutritive cubes, pack into the soil of growing seedlings of said step (2) gained; Put into 2～3 of said wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood aseptic seeds then in each said nutritive cube; And cover the soil of growing seedlings that thickness is said step (2) gained of 0.2～0.3cm; Put into cold bed at last, and overlay film preserves moisture until the long 8～15cm of the thick 1～3mm of root, root and do not have scab, no wound, promptly get high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling.
Replace said step (5) with following seedling-cultivating method: at first said wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood aseptic seed being placed room temperature, relative air humidity is to preserve moisture under 60～70% the condition, until sprouting, and the seed that obtains sprouting; In several nutritive cubes, pack into the then soil of growing seedlings of said step (2) gained; Put into 2～3 in the said seed that sprouts in last each said nutritive cube; And cover the soil of growing seedlings that thickness is said step (2) gained of 0.2～0.3cm; Put into cold bed at last, and overlay film preserves moisture until the long 8～15cm of the thick 1～3mm of root, root and do not have scab, no wound, promptly get high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling.
Gibberellin concentration in the said step (3) is 50mg/kg.
Husky wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed germination rate >=64% of hiding after handling of alternating temperature in the said step (3).
HgCl in the said step (4)
2The mass concentration of solution is 0.1%～0.2%.
Nutritive cube in the said step (5) is meant that diameter is that 4～9cm, height are the nutritive cube of 10～25cm.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, the present invention handles wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed through the mode that adopts gibberellin to soak, and can effectively eliminate the material of the sprout inhibition in this wild seed; Simultaneously, hide processing, solved the after-ripening problem of this wild seed through the sand under the ladder temperature; Make it possess plumule, therefore, the present invention makes it have complete seed embryo through human intervention; Thereby the primary condition that possesses sexual propagation is for the mass artificial plantation is laid a good foundation.
2, because the present invention changes wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed artificial planting into sexual propagation from vegetative propagation; Therefore; Can realize that not only high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed directly plants the purpose of germination, and the gained seedling has, and quality is good, resistance against diseases is strong, output is high, the characteristics of good stability.
3, the seed that adopts the inventive method to obtain can directly carry out artificial propagation, cultivation, and its reproduction coefficient is the hundreds of times of prior art; Also delayed simultaneously the degeneration of seed.
4, because the present invention has realized the field planting of artificial live and seed first, therefore, with respect to division propagation method, bud head breeding method, small investment, income is high, plantation labour intensity is low.
5, adopt the present invention after, can effectively solve the destruction problem of wild resource, play a positive role for the protection of ecotope.
6, through practical application, emergence rate can reach more than 60% after employing the inventive method.
On March 23rd, 2008, educate 5000 of nutritive cubes in Xinglong Mountain, province Yuzhong County, Lanzhou, Gansu.April 22 emerged, and emergence rate 63% was measured thick (0.5mm place under the reed head) 3mm of average root on September 30, the long 13cm of main root.
On April 25th, 2009, medicine sample plot feeding block seedlings raising is 500 in Qinghai, height above sea level 3000m.May 22 emerged, and emergence rate 62% was measured thick (0.5mm place under the reed head) 2mm of average root on September 22, the long 8cm of main root.
On March 19th, 2010, at Gansu Qizheng Tibetan Medicine Co., Ltd's 1000 of feeding block seedlings raisings experimental field, height above sea level 1800m, April 17 emerged, and emergence rate 62% was measured thick (0.5mm place under the reed head) 3mm of average root on September 29, the long 15cm of main root.
7, the present invention easy, be easy to promote.
Embodiment
The high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling-cultivating method of 1 one kinds of Tibetan medicines of embodiment may further comprise the steps:
(1) collect seed:
Select that robust growth, blade are big, the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood of no damage by disease and insect is as the seed collecting seedling.It is full that seed becomes, and color becomes aterrimus, at this moment seed maturity.According to the asynchronism(-nization) of high rhizome of Chinese monkshood different plants seed maturity, gradation is gathered in batches.For an infructescence, just can gather during the seed maturity of middle and upper part.The seed collecting time is for by the end of July at the beginning of 9 months.Adopt secateurs, seed collecting sickle that infructescence is cut or cut off from base portion, the fruit ear under adopting is put airing on the canvas, spread out in the airing process, making its thickness is 4～8cm, regularly stirs, concentrate at dusk and pile up, and with coverings such as canvas, mats.Then be placed on cool canopy or dry in the shade in draughty place like bad weather, treat abundant drying after, impact fruit ear with waddy, seed will drop out from the fruit pod.
Wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seeds using is dried in the shade or the mode of under mouth light, drying is carried out drying, reach until wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed that thousand kernel weight 3.5～3.8g, water content are 12～13%, degree of purity >=98% gets final product.Storage period notices that insect protected is moistureproof, can not strong illumination.
(2) grow seedlings soil preparation:
Select fertile meadow soil; Soil is dug, broken up the clods, remove grass roots, branch, stone; After crossing 5～10 mesh sieves; Sneaking into farmyard manure 5～13kg, diammonium phosphate 30～55g and the mass concentration of becoming thoroughly decomposed fully by per hundred kilograms of soil is 50% phoxim baythion 0.2g, after mixing, promptly gets the soil of growing seedlings.
(3) processing of wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed:
With the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed of step (1) gained with the gibberellin immersion treatment of 50mg/kg concentration 10～12 hours; And eluriate repeatedly 10 times with clear water; Draining away the water, the back is 70～80% with water content, the sand of 15～25 mesh sieves is mixed thoroughly by 1: 20 weight ratio excessively; Successively 15 ± 3 ℃ down husky hide handle 28～32 days, 3～4 ℃ husky down hide handle 90～95 days, 19～21 ℃ husky down hide handle 28～32 big, the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed after obtaining handling.Husky wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed germination rate >=64% of hiding after handling of alternating temperature.
(4) sterilization:
It is 0.1%～0.2% HgCl that wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed after handling is used mass concentration
2Solution sterilization 10～15 minutes is eluriated 5 times with clear water repeatedly, after draining away the water, promptly gets wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood aseptic seed.
(5) be that 4～9cm, height are the soil of growing seedlings of step (2) gained of packing in several nutritive cubes of 10～25cm at diameter; Put into 2～3 of wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood aseptic seeds then in each nutritive cube; And cover the soil of growing seedlings of the step that thickness is 0.2～0.3cm (2) gained; Put into cold bed at last, and overlay film preserves moisture until the long 8～15cm of the thick 1～3mm of root, root and do not have scab, no wound, promptly get high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling.
The high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling-cultivating method of 2 one kinds of Tibetan medicines of embodiment, step wherein (1)～(4) are with embodiment 1.
Step (5) then is: at first wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood aseptic seed being placed room temperature, relative air humidity is to preserve moisture under 60～70% the condition, and stir up and down once every day, makes its temp. and humidity homogeneous, until sprouting, and the seed that obtains sprouting.Low excessively like temperature, can soak into 25 ℃ of warm water every day and heat once.
Be that 4～9cm, height are the soil of growing seedlings of step (2) gained of packing in several nutritive cubes of 10～25cm at diameter then; Put into 2～3 in the seed that sprouts in last each nutritive cube; And cover the soil of growing seedlings of the step that thickness is 0.2～0.3cm (2) gained; Put into cold bed at last, and overlay film preserves moisture until the long 8～15cm of the thick 1～3mm of root, root and do not have scab, no wound, promptly get high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling.
Claims (5)
1. high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling-cultivating method of Tibetan medicine may further comprise the steps:
(1) collect seed:
Select that robust growth, blade are big, the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood of no damage by disease and insect is as the seed collecting seedling, gradation is collected seed in batches at the beginning of by the end of July to 9 months, after drying, obtains thousand kernel weight 3.5～3.8g, water content and be 12～13%, the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed of degree of purity >=98%;
(2) grow seedlings soil preparation:
Select fertile meadow soil; Soil is dug, broken up the clods, remove grass roots, branch, stone; After crossing 5～10 mesh sieves; Sneaking into farmyard manure 5～13kg, diammonium phosphate 30～55g and the mass concentration of becoming thoroughly decomposed fully by per hundred kilograms of soil is 50% phoxim 0.2g, after mixing, promptly gets the soil of growing seedlings;
(3) processing of wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed:
With the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed of said step (1) gained with gibberellin immersion treatment 10～12 hours; And eluriate, drain away the water that back and water content are 70～80%, the sand of mistake 15～25 mesh sieves is mixed thoroughly by 1: 20 weight ratio through clear water; Handle 28～32 days, 3～4 ℃ husky down Tibetan and handle 90～95 days, 19～21 ℃ husky down Tibetan and handled the wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seeds after obtaining handling 28～32 days 15 ± 3 ℃ of down husky Tibetan successively; Gibberellin concentration is 50mg/kg;
(4) sterilization:
Wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed after the said processing is used HgCl
2Solution sterilization 10～15 minutes after clear water is eluriated, drained away the water, promptly gets wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood aseptic seed;
(5) in several nutritive cubes, pack into the soil of growing seedlings of said step (2) gained; Put into 2～3 of said wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood aseptic seeds then in each said nutritive cube; And cover the soil of growing seedlings that thickness is said step (2) gained of 0.2～0.3cm; Put into cold bed at last, and overlay film preserves moisture until the long 8～15cm of the thick 1～3mm of root, root and do not have scab, no wound, promptly get high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling.
2. the high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Tibetan medicine as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: replace said step (5) with following seedling-cultivating method: at first said wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood aseptic seed being placed room temperature, relative air humidity is to preserve moisture under 60～70% the condition; Until sprouting, the seed that obtains sprouting; In several nutritive cubes, pack into the then soil of growing seedlings of said step (2) gained; Put into 2～3 in the said seed that sprouts in last each said nutritive cube; And cover the soil of growing seedlings that thickness is said step (2) gained of 0.2～0.3cm; Put into cold bed at last, and overlay film preserves moisture until the long 8～15cm of the thick 1～3mm of root, root and do not have scab, no wound, promptly get high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling.
3. the high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Tibetan medicine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: husky wild high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seed germination rate >=64% of hiding after handling of alternating temperature in the said step (3).
4. the high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Tibetan medicine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: HgCl in the said step (4)
2The mass concentration of solution is 0.1%～0.2%.
5. the high rhizome of Chinese monkshood seedling-cultivating method of a kind of Tibetan medicine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the nutritive cube in the said step (5) is meant that diameter is that 4～9cm, height are the nutritive cube of 10～25cm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103798040A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-21 | 云南和创药业有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method of plateau section aconitum vilmorimianum kom |
| CN107251738A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-17 | 四川省中医药科学院 | A kind of cultural method for reducing pest and disease damage and improving monkshood yield |
| CN112243818A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-22 | 锡林郭勒盟蒙医医院(锡林郭勒盟蒙医研究所、锡林浩特市人民医院) | Introduction and domestication method of Aconitum crassipes (Willd.) hand. -Mazz |
| CN114868602B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2024-03-26 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Indoor cultivation method for promoting growth of broadleaf Fenghua grass |
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| CN101715665A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-06-02 | 雅安三九中药材科技产业化有限公司 | Method for improving germination rate of monkshood seed |
| CN101731094A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-06-16 | 雅安三九中药材科技产业化有限公司 | Method for breeding aconite |
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| CN101715665A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-06-02 | 雅安三九中药材科技产业化有限公司 | Method for improving germination rate of monkshood seed |
| CN101731094A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-06-16 | 雅安三九中药材科技产业化有限公司 | Method for breeding aconite |
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