CN102106326A - Method for three-dimensional and artificial seedlings cultivation of perinereis aibuhitensis - Google Patents
Method for three-dimensional and artificial seedlings cultivation of perinereis aibuhitensis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for the three-dimensional and artificial seedlings cultivation of the perinereis aibuhitensis, which mainly comprises the steps of: (1) fishing and disinfecting the heteronereis; (2) laying eggs, hatching and cultivating the planktonic larva; (3) three-dimensionally cultivating the benthic larvae; and (4) seedling emerging. The key measures comprise the steps of: putting four setiger intermediate-later stage nectochaete into a polyethylene water tank for the three-dimensional cultivation, cultivating by flowing water, and properly mixing the single-cell algae, the EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium with various artificial baits. After the measures are used, the density of the larvae is reduced, the mutual massacre among the individuals is reduced, the nutritional requirement of each-stage larva and the good and stable water quality environment are guaranteed, the survival rate of the larva is greatly improved, the breeding rate from the fertilized ovum to the sand silkworm seedling with the length of 1cm reaches at 42.3%, and the seedling yield per unit area is improved at 11.4*104 numbers/m<2>, so that the survival rate, the breeding rate and the seedling yield per unit area are greatly improved compared with the existing seedlings cultivation mode. The method is convenient to operate, can prevent the seedlings from being damaged caused by sand flushing and seedling driving, and is good for the long-distance transporting and the planting of the seedlings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for the three-dimensional artificial breeding of a kind of perinereis aibihitensis Grube, belong to aquatic product sprout raising technology field.
Background technology
Perinereis aibihitensis Grube (Perinereis aibuhitensis) is under the jurisdiction of Nereidae (Nereididae) on zootaxy, enclose Nereis (Perinereis), be commonly called as extra large centipede, extra large leech etc., mainly be distributed in China, be a kind of of living resources amount maximum in more than 80 kind of clam worm of China, all there is distribution at the coastal middle climax seabeach from south to north of China, is the main representative and the dominant species of intertidal zone Polychaeta ecotype, also is the main kind that China propagates artificially and exports goods and earns foreign currency.Perinereis aibihitensis Grube is nutritious, and the crude protein content in the dry product surpasses 50%, and Gao Zheke reaches more than 65%, and is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid, mineral element, vitamin and multiple functional activity material.Thereby it has important purposes in edible, health care, aquaculture and aspect such as fish, and the domestic and international market demand is very big, and natural resources can't satisfy the demand in market far away, usually occur out of stock in spite of rising price, the situation that supply falls short of demand.China just begins to carry out the research of perinereis aibihitensis Grube at the end of the seventies in last century, at present carried out a large amount of basic research with regard to many aspects such as its morphosis, life habit, ecological distribution, gonad development, the history of life and embryonic developments, and carried out a large amount of application studies at artificial breeding, aquaculture and aspects such as medicinal and health care.
In order to satisfy the demand of domestic and international market, the more coastal fishermen of China carry out small-scale propagating artificially with regard to the seed that utilizes nature to breed as far back as the eighties in last century, in recent years, the scholar of some scientific research institutions has strengthened the dynamics of perinereis aibihitensis Grube manual seedling-raising research, obtained plentiful and substantial achievement in research, the seedling output of industrial artificial seedling rearing unit are is from first less than 10,000 tails/m
2Significantly bring up to 50,000 tails/m
2, can surpass 100,000 tails/m once in a while
2However, the seedling output of China's perinereis aibihitensis Grube still can not satisfy the demand of breeding production far away so far, becomes the bottleneck of restriction perinereis aibihitensis Grube manual aquaculture development.Trace it to its cause, this mainly with each of perinereis aibihitensis Grube phase larva life habit relevant.Just the larva of incubation of membrane is 3 just joint nectocaetes, battalion's life of swimming, grow to 4 just the joint nectocaete begin the end latter stage gradually and dwell, just saved nectocaetes to 5 and dwelt at whole ends during latter stage.Thereby make normal density when swimming be transformed into the VHD of the end when dwelling, cause large quantities of larvas because of the too high death of density.The incubation rate that the existing pattern of growing seedlings is bred the long 1cm seed of body from fertilized egg is low, and cost height, seedling yield poorly.The present invention takes the three-dimensional seedling raising technology since 4 firm joint middle and later periods nectocaetes, under the situation of not extending the indoor raising of seedling pond, the end that effectively the enlarges larva area of dwelling is optimized the survival rate that rearing condition improves each larva phase simultaneously, thereby improves the output of seedling of incubation rate and unit volume nursery pond.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of perinereis aibihitensis Grube three-dimensional seedling raising method is provided, under the situation of not extending indoor cement nursery pond, the end that effectively the enlarges larva area of dwelling, optimize survival rate and growth rate that rearing condition improves each larva phase simultaneously, thereby improve incubation rate and seedling output, for propagating artificially on a large scale of perinereis aibihitensis Grube provides sufficient high-quality seed.
The present invention addresses the above problem the technical scheme that is adopted: the three-dimensional artificial raise seedling method of a kind of perinereis aibihitensis Grube, and comprise following steps: (1) heteronereis is fished for and sterilizes; (2) lay eggs, hatching and floating larvae cultivate; (3) end larva stereoscopic culture of dwelling; (4) emerge.
The way of sterilization is in the described step (1): heteronereis is put into the sterilization seawater that contains formaldehyde 200ppm, allow behind its 2～3min that freely moves about, pick up and put into the residual formaldehyde of sterilization seawater flush away.
Described step (2) operation is as follows: a, the male and female heteronereis of sterilization is put into spawning pond in 3: 1 ratio, and 3～5/L of density, uninterrupted an amount of inflation is waited to lay eggs after row's essence, drags for heteronereis, collection fertilized egg; B, fertilized egg is put into the hatchery, fertilized egg initial density 3～4 * 10
4Grain/L, uninterruptedly inflation between the incubation period, the water surface is the boiling shape, makes fertilized egg suspending in water; Behind c, the larva incubation of membrane, reduce tolerance, the water surface has the bubble of grain of rice size to be advisable, to 3 just the joint nectocaete later stages begin to throw something and feed Zhanjiang Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri each 10 * 10
4Cell/ml, EM bacterium 5～15 * 10
8Cell/ml cultivated to 4 firm joint nectocaete middle and later periods always.Add water 5～10% every day during the incubating oosperm, 3,4 just during the joint nectocaetes every day change water 10～20%.
The way of described step (3) is with 4 joint middle and later periods nectocaete immigration polyethylene tank neutral body cultivations just.Tank specification 80cm * 50cm * 20cm has the inlet opening in the upper end of 50cm face one side, and there is apopore the lower end of opposite side, the outer muzzle flexible pipe of apopore, internal orifice bag 200 mesh sieve thin,tough silk.Bottom land laying depth 1.0～1.5cm is through 100 order silts of scalding.It is 20～30 tails/em that larva moves into density
2, adopt flowing water to cultivate, the discharge of every groove is 5～8L/h.Height of water level 15cm when do not dwell in the complete end of larva; After fully the end dwells, about height of water level 10cm, every day during 7:00 and during 19:00 with the water emptying and do and reveal 1h.The same step of the kind of bait single-cell algae and quantity (2), EM bacterium 15～25 * 10
8Cell/ml increases simultaneously and throw an amount of artitificial food every day.The long 2mm of body increases with interior larva and feeds prawn slice and the ripe soya-bean milk that filters through 200 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, the 1000000 tail larvas soya-bean milk that prawn slice 0.5～2.0g and the dried soybean of 2～5g are made of throwing something and feeding every day; The larva of the long 2mm of surpassing of body increases throws fish meal, spirulina powder and bean cake powder (three's ratio is 3: 3: 4), in 1,000,000 tail larvas, every day, feeding volume was respectively: when being 60～110g, 10～12mm when being 30～60g, 8～10mm when being 15～30g, 6～8mm when being 5～15g, 4～6mm during larva body length 2～4mm is 110～180g.The stereoscopic culture that this step adopts is that above-mentioned tank is shelved on the support, can shelve multilayer from top to bottom, every layer of several tank.Several tanks of layer supply water by water inlet manifold and for bait, the gentle stone of air inlet pipe are housed in the water inlet manifold can guarantee dissolved oxygen, and avoid artitificial food to deposit in pipeline together, and it is evenly distributed in water.The scupper hose of several tanks of layer connects with house steward together, by the water level in the height control tank of regulating main sewer.The water of discharging in outdoor cement pit in water residual single-cell algae and EM bacterium handled 1～3 day, and change 5～20% fresh seawater, can be used as the water circulation of growing seedlings and use.
When treating in the described step (4) that larva body length is grown to 10mm, can emerge.The seed and the silt of growing seedlings can be tipped upside down on the net sheet that 100 mesh sieve thin,tough silk make together when emerging, also can be transported to the culture zone together with the groove of growing seedlings.The silt that only needs when sowing seed to grow seedlings is broken into fritter off with the fingers and thumb and evenly is invested in to culture in the pond and gets final product.
More than the water for larval nursing of each step be nature seawater and disinfect through precipitation, husky filter and chlorinated product, salinity is adjusted to 25～27 ‰, pH7.8～8.3,25～32 ℃ of water temperatures.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has the following advantages:
1, with the sterilization seawater that contains formaldehyde 200ppm heteronereis is disinfected 2～3min, can effectively kill the protozoa that is attached on the heteronereis, can avoid the harm of protozoa that parent carries fertilized egg.Hatchability of fertile eggs is stabilized in more than 85%.
2, with 4 joint middle and later periods nectocaete immigration polyethylene tank neutral body cultivations just, and adopt flowing water to cultivate, use mixing single-cell algae, EM bacterium and kinds of artificial bait in right amount.Above measure has reduced the density of larva, reduced residual mutually between individuality, nutritional need and the good stable water quality environment of each larva have been guaranteed phase, greatly improved the survival rate of larva, cultivate to the incubation rate of the long 1cm specification of body clam worm seed from fertilized egg and to reach 42.3%, the seedling output of unit are brings up to 11.4 * 10
4Tail/m
2, all existing pattern of growing seedlings significantly improves.
3, adopt this seedling-cultivating method easy to operate, artitificial food is thrown and is spread evenly, but and using water wisely, reduce environmental pollution.
4, adopt this seedling-cultivating method, when seed size reaches requirement, can directly emerge, avoided sand surfing to catch up with the damage of seedling, and be beneficial to the seed long-distance transport and evenly sow seed.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
1, the early-stage preparations of growing seedlings: comprise the culture facility cleaning and sterilizing, water for larval nursing precipitation, filtration, sterilization and salinity allotment, single-cell algae is cultivated, oxygen increasing pump and water pump debugging etc.
2, heteronereis is fished for and sterilizes: fish for individual bigger heteronereis in perinereis aibihitensis Grube sexual maturity peak period with dredger, place the sterilization seawater that contains formaldehyde 200ppm, allow behind its 2～3min that freely moves about, pick up and put into the residual formaldehyde of sterilization seawater flush away.
3, lay eggs, hatching and floating larvae cultivate: a, the male and female heteronereis of sterilization is put into spawning pond in 3: 1 ratio, 3～5/L of density, uninterrupted an amount of inflation is waited to lay eggs after row's essence, drags for heteronereis, collection fertilized egg; B, fertilized egg is put into the hatchery, fertilized egg initial density 3～4 * 10
4Grain/L, uninterruptedly inflation between the incubation period, the water surface is the boiling shape, makes fertilized egg suspending in water; Behind c, the larva incubation of membrane, reduce tolerance, the water surface has the bubble of grain of rice size to be advisable, to 3 just the joint nectocaete later stages begin to throw something and feed Zhanjiang Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri each 10 * 10
4Cell/ml, EM bacterium 5～15 * 10
8Cell/ml cultivated to 4 firm joint nectocaete middle and later periods always.Add water 5～10% every day during the incubating oosperm, 3,4 just during the joint nectocaetes every day change water 10～20%.
4, the end larva stereoscopic culture of dwelling: laying depth 1.5cm is through 100 order silts of scalding in the polyethylene tank of specification 80cm * 50cm * 20cm, encase tank outlet pipe internal orifice with 200 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, 4 firm joint middle and later periods nectocaetes are moved in the tank, and it is 20～30 tails/cm that larva moves into density
2, adopt flowing water to cultivate, the discharge of every groove is 5～8L/h.Height of water level 15cm when do not dwell in the complete end of larva; After fully the end dwells, about height of water level 10cm, every day during 7:00 and during 19:00 with the water emptying and do and reveal 1h.The bait single-cell algae be Zhanjiang Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri each 10 * 10
4Cell/ml, EM bacterium 15～25 * 10
8Cell/ml increases simultaneously and throw an amount of artitificial food every day.The long 2mm of body increases with interior larva and feeds prawn slice and the ripe soya-bean milk that filters through 200 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, the 1000000 tail larvas soya-bean milk that prawn slice 0.5～2.0g and the dried soybean of 2～5g are made of throwing something and feeding every day; The larva of the long 2mm of surpassing of body increases throws fish meal, spirulina powder and bean cake powder (three's ratio is 3: 3: 4), in 1,000,000 tail larvas, every day, feeding volume was respectively: when being 60～110g, 10～12mm when being 30～60g, 8～10mm when being 15～30g, 6～8mm when being 5～15g, 4～6mm during larva body length 2～4mm is 110～180g.
5, emerge: when treating that larva body length is grown to 10mm, can emerge.The seed and the silt of growing seedlings can be tipped upside down on the net sheet that 100 mesh sieve thin,tough silk make together when emerging, also can be transported to the culture zone together with the groove of growing seedlings.The silt that only needs when sowing seed to grow seedlings is broken into fritter off with the fingers and thumb and evenly is invested in to culture in the pond and gets final product.
Claims (6)
1. the three-dimensional artificial raise seedling method of a perinereis aibihitensis Grube, comprise following steps: (1) heteronereis is fished for and sterilizes; (2) lay eggs, hatching and floating larvae cultivate; (3) end larva stereoscopic culture of dwelling; (4) emerge.
2. the three-dimensional artificial raise seedling method of a kind of perinereis aibihitensis Grube according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the heteronereis sterilization method that described step (1) adopts, heteronereis is put into the sterilization seawater that contains formaldehyde 200ppm, allow behind its 2～3min that freely moves about, pick up again and put into the residual formaldehyde of sterilization seawater flush away.
3. the three-dimensional artificial raise seedling method of a kind of perinereis aibihitensis Grube according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described step (2) to 3 just the joint nectocaete later stages begin to throw something and feed Zhanjiang Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri each 10 * 10
4Cell/ml, EM bacterium 5～15 * 10
8Cell/ml cultivated to 4 firm joint nectocaete middle and later periods always.Add water 5～10% every day during the incubating oosperm, 3,4 just during the joint nectocaetes every day change water 10～20%.
4. the three-dimensional artificial raise seedling method of a kind of perinereis aibihitensis Grube according to claim 1 is characterized in that described step (3) is with 4 joint middle and later periods nectocaete immigration polyethylene tank neutral body cultivations just.Bottom land laying depth 1.0～1.5cm is through 100 order silts of scalding.It is 20～30 tails/cm that larva moves into density
2, adopt flowing water to cultivate, the discharge of every groove is 5～8L/h.Height of water level 15cm when do not dwell in the complete end of larva; After fully the end dwells, about height of water level 10cm, every day during 7:00 and during 19:00 with the water emptying and do and reveal 1h.The bait single-cell algae be Zhanjiang Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri each 10 * 10
4Cell/ml, EM bacterium 15～25 * 10
8Cell/ml increases simultaneously and throw an amount of artitificial food every day.The long 2mm of body increases with interior larva and feeds prawn slice and the ripe soya-bean milk that filters through 200 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, the 1000000 tail larvas soya-bean milk that prawn slice 0.5～2.0g and the dried soybean of 2～5g are made of throwing something and feeding every day; The larva of the long 2mm of surpassing of body increases throws fish meal, spirulina powder and bean cake powder (three's ratio is 3: 3: 4), in 1,000,000 tail larvas, every day, feeding volume was respectively: when being 60～110g, 10～12mm when being 30～60g, 8～10mm when being 15～30g, 6～8mm when being 5～15g, 4～6mm during larva body length 2～4mm is 110～180g.
5. according to claim 1 or the three-dimensional artificial raise seedling method of 4 described a kind of perinereis aibihitensis Grubes, it is characterized in that described stereoscopic culture is that the tank that above-mentioned immigration 4 has just saved the middle and later periods nectocaete is shelved on the support, can shelve multilayer from top to bottom, every layer of several tank.Several tanks of layer supply water by water inlet manifold and for bait, the gentle stone of air inlet pipe are housed in the water inlet manifold can guarantee dissolved oxygen, and avoid artitificial food to deposit in pipeline together, and it is evenly distributed in water.The scupper hose of several tanks of layer connects with house steward together, by the water level in the height control tank of regulating main sewer.The water of discharging in outdoor cement pit in water residual single-cell algae and EM bacterium handled 1～3 day, and change 5～20% fresh seawater, can be used as the water circulation of growing seedlings and use.
6. the three-dimensional artificial raise seedling method of a kind of perinereis aibihitensis Grube according to claim 1 when it is characterized in that treating in the described step (4) that larva body length is grown to 10mm, can be emerged.The seed and the silt of growing seedlings can be tipped upside down on the net sheet that 100 mesh sieve thin,tough silk make together when emerging, also can be transported to the culture zone together with the groove of growing seedlings.The silt that only needs when sowing seed to grow seedlings is broken into fritter off with the fingers and thumb and evenly is invested in to culture in the pond and gets final product.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103004701A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-03 | 山东省海水养殖研究所 | Indoor raising method for perinereis aibuhitensis by circulating water |
| CN103098763A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-15 | 大连海洋大学 | Method of manually planting functional bacterium flora in clam worm body |
| CN103283689A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-09-11 | 山东省海水养殖研究所 | Propagation control method for indoor cultivation of Perinereis aibuhitensis |
| CN103563861A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-02-12 | 东营振宇水产资源开发有限公司 | Perinereis aibuhitensis totally-artificial breeding technology |
| CN103651273A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-03-26 | 盐城工学院 | Perinereis aibuhitensis accumulated-water-free saturated wet soil cultivation method |
| CN103734093A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 盐城工学院 | Method for perinereis aibuhitensis heteronereis cultivation and synchronous collection |
| CN105994052A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-12 | 珠海市斗门区河口渔业研究所 | Artificial breeding and intensive cultivation method for tylorrhynchus heterochaetus |
| CN111937792A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-11-17 | 盐城工学院 | Method for improving hatching rate of fertilized eggs of clamworms and breeding rate of seedlings |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103004701A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-03 | 山东省海水养殖研究所 | Indoor raising method for perinereis aibuhitensis by circulating water |
| CN103004701B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-30 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Indoor raising method for perinereis aibuhitensis by circulating water |
| CN103098763A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-15 | 大连海洋大学 | Method of manually planting functional bacterium flora in clam worm body |
| CN103098763B (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-12-10 | 大连海洋大学 | Method of manually planting functional bacterium flora in clam worm body |
| CN103283689A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-09-11 | 山东省海水养殖研究所 | Propagation control method for indoor cultivation of Perinereis aibuhitensis |
| CN103563861A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-02-12 | 东营振宇水产资源开发有限公司 | Perinereis aibuhitensis totally-artificial breeding technology |
| CN103651273A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-03-26 | 盐城工学院 | Perinereis aibuhitensis accumulated-water-free saturated wet soil cultivation method |
| CN103734093A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 盐城工学院 | Method for perinereis aibuhitensis heteronereis cultivation and synchronous collection |
| CN103734093B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-04-27 | 盐城工学院 | Perinereis aibihitensis Grube heteronereis is cultivated and synchronous collection method |
| CN105994052A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-12 | 珠海市斗门区河口渔业研究所 | Artificial breeding and intensive cultivation method for tylorrhynchus heterochaetus |
| CN111937792A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-11-17 | 盐城工学院 | Method for improving hatching rate of fertilized eggs of clamworms and breeding rate of seedlings |
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