CN103734093A - Method for perinereis aibuhitensis heteronereis cultivation and synchronous collection - Google Patents

Method for perinereis aibuhitensis heteronereis cultivation and synchronous collection Download PDF

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CN103734093A
CN103734093A CN201310737412.9A CN201310737412A CN103734093A CN 103734093 A CN103734093 A CN 103734093A CN 201310737412 A CN201310737412 A CN 201310737412A CN 103734093 A CN103734093 A CN 103734093A
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nereis
worm
water
collection
heteronereis
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CN103734093B (en
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吕富
王资生
王爱民
刘飞
吕林兰
於叶兵
乔帼
张明明
周润森
张猛猛
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Yancheng Feng Yueyuan Bait Co Ltd
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Yangcheng Institute of Technology
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Abstract

本发明涉及双齿围沙蚕异沙蚕体培育及同步收集方法，属于水产养殖苗种繁育技术领域，其特征在于该方法主要包括以下步骤：培育池设计、亲沙蚕挑选、饲养方法与管理及异沙蚕体同步收集。本发明培育的异沙蚕体全部达到2.0g以上，不仅提高了怀卵量，而且一定程度上提高了配子的质量；同时本发明实现了双齿围沙蚕异沙蚕体的同步收集，避免了部分异沙蚕体在收集前排精产卵，并且将夜间收集改进为白天收集，不仅异沙蚕体收集操作方便，也大大便于其后的苗种繁育。The invention relates to a method for cultivating and synchronously collecting different clam worm bodies, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture seed breeding, and is characterized in that the method mainly includes the following steps: cultivating pond design, parent clam worm selection, feeding method and management and different nereis bodies were collected synchronously. All the bodies of the different nereis cultivated by the present invention reach more than 2.0g, which not only increases the amount of pregnant eggs, but also improves the quality of the gametes to a certain extent; at the same time, the present invention realizes the synchronous collection of the body of the double-toothed nereis, avoiding Part of the Nereis worm body was collected before semen and lay eggs, and the night collection was improved to daytime collection, which not only facilitates the collection and operation of the Nereis worm body, but also greatly facilitates subsequent seed breeding.

Description

Perinereis aibihitensis Grube heteronereis is cultivated and synchronous collection method
Technical field
The present invention relates to perinereis aibihitensis Grube heteronereis and cultivate and synchronous collection method, belong to aquaculture seed breeding technical field.
Background technology
Perinereis aibihitensis Grube (Perinereis aibuhitensis) is under the jurisdiction of Nereidae (Nereididae) in zootaxy, enclose Nereis (Perinereis), be commonly called as extra large centipede, extra large leech etc., mainly be distributed in China, that in more than 80 kind of clam worm of China, individuality is larger, growth is very fast, the one of marine stock biomass maximum, there is distribution at the middle climax seabeach of China coast from south to north, main representative and the dominant species of intertidal zone Polychaeta ecotype, the main kind that Ye Shi China propagates artificially and exports goods and earns foreign currency.Because it is of many uses in edible, health care, aquaculture and the aspect such as fish, domestic and international market demand is very large, usually occur out of stock in spite of rising price, the situation that supply falls short of demand.For making up natural resources deficiency, meet the demand of domestic and international market, the a lot of places of China coast are carried out one after another its artificial breeding and are propagated artificially in recent years, but the seedling output of China's perinereis aibihitensis Grube still can not meet the demand of breeding production far away so far, it propagates the bottleneck that industry develops artificially to become restriction.
Under normal condition, perinereis aibihitensis Grube is left and right sexual maturity in 1 year, when sexual gland is developed to reproduction period from vegetative period, just live in seclusion in cave and do not eat many days motionless a couple of days to ten, health shortens gradually and increases slightly, parapodum distortion, and this phase body weight can alleviate in various degree, sexual gland is further developed to full maturity becomes heteronereis, when meeting tidewater, group swims many hours a few hours to ten of swimming, and ejaculation is died off after laying eggs, and fertilized egg develops into new individuality under optimum conditions.The perinereis aibihitensis Grube sexual maturity of sea area, China north and south and breeding period because of water temperature difference different, be 2～May the breeding period of apricot vast stretch of wooded country district, Xiamen perinereis aibihitensis Grube, at the beginning of 3 the end of month to 4 month, is breeding period; Be 4～September the breeding period of Zhoushan Of Zhejiang Province sea area perinereis aibihitensis Grube, and the Sheng phase is 5～June; The perinereis aibihitensis Grube breeding of sea area, Qidong, Jiangsu starts from May, reaches Breeding climax July, and after September, breeding finishes; Dalian Bay perinereis aibihitensis Grube started to have individuality maturation at the beginning of 7 months by the end of June.Because nutrition is taken in or hereditary difference, its Individual Size in beach self-sow and the Growth of Perinereis aibuhitensis process propagated artificially, gonad development and heteronereis formation time and heteronereis specification have larger differentiation, in production, in July, use in being invested in same pond with the seed of a collection of incubating oosperm and propagate artificially, at the beginning of 5 months next years to have by the end of September heteronereis generate, heteronereis counterpoise 2.06g, minimum gauge is 0.93g only, maximum reaches 3.11g, miniaturization heteronereis below 2.0g accounts for 45.24%, the heteronereis of these miniaturizations not only fish brood amount is low, and may be unfavorable for fertilization with hatching or cause new individual growth speed slow because of genetic problem because of auxotrophy in its gamete.Therefore in perinereis aibihitensis Grube seed breeding, should use large specification heteronereis as far as possible, avoid adopting the miniaturization heteronereis below 2.0g.
The group of perinereis aibihitensis Grube heteronereis significantly shows as monthly 2 minor peaks in the floating cycle, each group is floating generally all to be occurred at little morning and evening tides next day later, continues 8d～10d, and top is 2d～4d before large morning and evening tides arriving all, be between crescent and full moon, belong to typical Behavior group floating.Under field conditions (factors), in the floating cycle of group, 24h may have planktonic organism every day, but mostly at night 18:00 to the morning next day 10:00 group floating, after a period of time of swimming, have successively the smart ovum of individual discharge.Therefore must collect at night heteronereis, not only operation inconvenience, and because acquisition time extends, some heteronereises before fishing for ejaculation lay eggs, in addition, the heteronereis ejaculation of asynchronous collection lay eggs and embryonic development also asynchronous, make its seed breeding be not easy to management.The present invention is by selecting the close clam worm of the above large specification of 3.0g, and the clam worm manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding under Suitable Density has been avoided the heteronereis of miniaturization, has improved fish brood amount and the gamete quality of heteronereis; By the method for draining a period of time, ripe heteronereis cannot be swum at any time, then by the method for pouring water, make them concentrate by day group floating, be convenient to heteronereis collection and seed breeding management, and avoided part heteronereis ejaculation before collection to lay eggs; Adopt the cultivation pond of suitable specification, can be convenient to bait throwing in and fish for collection heteronereis, and the heteronereis that can gather by stages and in groups in each cultivation pond according to the grow seedlings needs of producing and the personnel's that gather situation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to cultivate the above large specification heteronereis of 2.0g, improve fish brood amount and the gamete quality of heteronereis; Realize the synchronous collection of heteronereis, will disperse for a long time collection to be improved to short time centralized collection, will collect night to be improved to and collect daytime.
Technical scheme of the present invention: perinereis aibihitensis Grube heteronereis is cultivated and synchronous collection method, and the method includes the steps of:
(1) cultivate pond design;
(2) close clam worm selects;
(3) raising method and management;
(4) heteronereis synchronous collection.
It is further characterized in that:
Wide 3m left and right, the each cultivation of step (1) pond, long 50m left and right, ploughing depth 20cm left and right, holds seawater 5cm～20cm, water salinity 20～30 after raking.
Step (2), under 10 ℃～15 ℃ conditions of temperature, is selected body weight 3.0g above and without the close clam worm individuality of disability.
Step (3) by the close clam worm selecting by 250/m 2left and right density is put in a suitable place to breed in cultivating pond; When the highest water temperature reaches 15 ℃, every day, when minimum water temperature reaches more than 15 ℃, divided by the amount of body weight 4%～6% the clam worm manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding for 2 times every day by throw something and feed clam worm manufactured feed 1 time of body weight 1%～2% when the highest temperature, before darkness, throw something and feed 3%～4%, after daybreak, throw something and feed 1%～2%; Every 24h～72h changes water 1 time entirely.
Step (4) is when water temperature reaches more than 20 ℃, at local neap nighttide, come interim, venting is cultivated the seawater in pond, then every 48h～72h the morning 6:00～10:00 to cultivating, fill with seawater 10cm left and right in pond, the ripe heteronereis in 30min left and right floats on the water surface successively, 60min peaks left and right, heteronereis is collected with dredger by establishment officer during this period, venting Chi Shui after collection completes, after 48h～72h, can again collect heteronereis, still normal bait throwing in every day between drainage period, and to cultivating in pond shower water 2～3 times, guarantee to contain saturation water in earth, as the method, until local morning and evening tides finishes, recovery retaining cultivation, to morning and evening tides is next interim next time, the method according to this that continues is collected heteronereis.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, cultivate wide 3m left and right, pond, be convenient to even bait throwing in and fish for heteronereis; Each cultivation pool area 150m 2left and right, being convenient to gather by stages and in groups according to the grow seedlings needs of producing and the personnel's that gather situation, each cultivates the heteronereis in pond.
2, under 10～15 ℃ of conditions of temperature, select close clam worm, can reduce clam worm stress, be both easy to select, easy damaged parent clam worm not again, is invested in close clam worm after cultivating pond simultaneously and can comparatively fast bores again soil, has improved the survival rate of close clam worm.
The heteronereis specification of 3, cultivating is large, all, more than 2.0g, has improved fish brood amount and the gamete quality of heteronereis.
4, realized the synchronous collection of heteronereis, to disperse for a long time to collect and be improved to short time centralized collection, to collect night to be improved to and collect daytime, and avoid part heteronereis ejaculation before collection to lay eggs, also be convenient to heteronereis collection and the management of seed breeding thereafter.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment:
1, cultivate pond design: on April 5th, 2013, according to the specification of wide 3m, long 50m, excavate and cultivate pond, and the 20cm left and right of turning over, after raking, hold seawater 10cm, water salinity 25 left and right.
2, close clam worm selects: on April 10th, 2013, under 10 ℃～15 ℃ conditions of temperature, select body weight 3.0g above and without individual 37500 of the close clam worm of disability, counterpoise 3.37g/ bar.
3, raising method and management: by the close clam worm selecting by 250/m 2density is put in a suitable place to breed in cultivating pond; When the highest water temperature reaches 15 ℃, every day, when minimum water temperature reaches more than 15 ℃, divided by the amount of body weight 4%～6% the clam worm manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding for 2 times every day by throw something and feed clam worm manufactured feed 1 time of body weight 1%～2% when the highest temperature, before darkness, throw something and feed 3%～4%, after daybreak, throw something and feed 1%～2%; Every 24h～72h changes water 1 time entirely.
4, heteronereis synchronous collection: when water temperature reaches more than 20 ℃, at local neap nighttide, come interim, venting is cultivated the seawater in pond, then every 48h～72h the morning 6:00～10:00 to cultivating, fill with seawater 10cm left and right in pond, the ripe heteronereis in 30min left and right floats on the water surface successively, 60min peaks left and right, heteronereis is collected with dredger by establishment officer during this period, venting Chi Shui after collection completes, after 48h～72h, again collect heteronereis, still normal bait throwing in every day between drainage period, and to cultivating in pond shower water 2～3 times, guarantee to contain saturation water in earth, as the method, until local morning and evening tides finishes, recovery retaining cultivation, to morning and evening tides is next interim next time, the method according to this that continues is collected heteronereis.Within 2013 5,6,7 three months, collect altogether 37287 of heteronereises, the rate of recovery accounts for throws in 99.43% of close clam worm.
Concrete collection date and collecting amount see the following form:
Figure BSA0000099613100000041

Claims (5)

1.双齿围沙蚕异沙蚕体培育及同步收集方法，其特征在于该方法主要包括以下步骤：1. The method for cultivating and synchronously collecting the body of Nereis didentate and Nereis is characterized in that the method mainly includes the following steps: (1)培育池设计；(1) Design of cultivation pool; (2)亲沙蚕挑选；(2) Pro-nereis selection; (3)饲养方法与管理；(3) Breeding methods and management; (4)异沙蚕体同步收集。(4) Synchronous collection of the body of Nereis worm. 2.根据权利要求1所述双齿围沙蚕异沙蚕体培育及同步收集方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)每个培育池宽3m左右、长50m左右，翻耕深度20cm左右，耙平后蓄海水5～20cm，水体盐度20～30。2. according to claim 1 described double-toothed clam worm different clam worm body cultivation and synchronous collection method, it is characterized in that: step (1) each cultivation pond is about 3m wide, about 50m long, about 20cm of plowing depth, raking After flattening, 5-20cm of seawater is stored, and the salinity of the water body is 20-30. 3.根据权利要求1所述双齿围沙蚕异沙蚕体培育及同步收集方法，其特征在于：步骤(2)在气温10～15℃条件下，挑选体重3.0g以上且无伤残的亲沙蚕个体。3. According to claim 1, the method for cultivating and synchronously collecting the body of Nereis bidentata and Nereis worm, characterized in that: in step (2), under the condition of temperature of 10-15°C, select those with a body weight of 3.0 g or more and no disability Pro-nereis individual. 4.根据权利要求1所述双齿围沙蚕异沙蚕体培育及同步收集方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)将挑选的亲沙蚕按250条/m2左右密度放养于培育池中；当最高水温达到15℃时，每天在最高温时按体重1％～2％投喂沙蚕配合饲料1次，当最低水温达到15℃以上时，每天按体重4％～6％的量分2次投喂沙蚕配合饲料，天黑前投喂3％～4％，天亮后投喂1％～2％；每24～72h全换水1次。4. according to claim 1, the method for cultivating and synchronously collecting the clam worms and clam worms is characterized in that: in step (3), the selected clam worms are stocked at a density of about 250/m 2 in the cultivation pond ; When the highest water temperature reaches 15°C, feed clamworm compound feed once a day at the highest temperature at a rate of 1% to 2% of body weight; Feed clamworm compound feed twice, 3% to 4% before dark, and 1% to 2% after dawn; change the water once every 24 to 72 hours. 5.根据权利要求1所述双齿围沙蚕异沙蚕体培育及同步收集方法，其特征在于：步骤(4)当水温达到20℃以上时，在当地小潮汐来临时，排去培育池中的海水，然后每隔48h～72h在上午6：00～10：00向培育池中灌海水10cm左右，30min左右成熟的异沙蚕体陆续漂浮于水面，60min左右达到高峰，在此期间组织人员用捞网收集异沙蚕体，收集完成后排去池水，48h～72h后可再次收集异沙蚕体，排水期间每天仍正常投饵，并向培育池中喷淋水2～3次，保证泥土中含有饱和水，如此方法，直至当地潮汐结束，恢复蓄水养殖，至下一次潮汐来临时，继续依此法收集异沙蚕体。5. According to claim 1, the method for cultivating and synchronously collecting the body of Nereis bidentata and different Nereis worms is characterized in that: step (4) when the water temperature reaches above 20°C, when the local small tide comes, drain the cultivation pool Then fill the cultivation pool with seawater about 10cm from 6:00 to 10:00 in the morning every 48h to 72h, and the mature worms float on the water surface in about 30 minutes, and reach the peak in about 60 minutes. During this period, the Personnel use nets to collect the body of the worm, drain the pond water after the collection is completed, and collect the body of the worm again after 48h to 72h. During the drainage period, the bait is still fed normally every day, and the water is sprayed into the cultivation pool 2 to 3 times. Ensure that the soil contains saturated water. In this way, until the end of the local tide, the water storage culture will be resumed. When the next tide comes, continue to collect the body of the worm.
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CN108094275A (en) * 2017-12-14 2018-06-01 珠海市斗门区河口渔业研究所 A kind of centralized collection method of pond culture standing grain worm
CN108112530A (en) * 2017-12-14 2018-06-05 珠海市斗门区河口渔业研究所 A kind of method for being suitable for calculating standing grain worm fishing breeding pond yield
CN108967283A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-12-11 福建省洋泽海洋生物科技有限公司 A kind of perinereis aibihitensis Grube preservation method adding the resisting stress factor

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CN108094275A (en) * 2017-12-14 2018-06-01 珠海市斗门区河口渔业研究所 A kind of centralized collection method of pond culture standing grain worm
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CN108967283A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-12-11 福建省洋泽海洋生物科技有限公司 A kind of perinereis aibihitensis Grube preservation method adding the resisting stress factor

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