CN102090320B - Method for cultivating and breeding cabbage (partially one-stalk and multi-pod gregarious type)-series hybrid rape - Google Patents
Method for cultivating and breeding cabbage (partially one-stalk and multi-pod gregarious type)-series hybrid rape Download PDFInfo
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- CN102090320B CN102090320B CN2010105507531A CN201010550753A CN102090320B CN 102090320 B CN102090320 B CN 102090320B CN 2010105507531 A CN2010105507531 A CN 2010105507531A CN 201010550753 A CN201010550753 A CN 201010550753A CN 102090320 B CN102090320 B CN 102090320B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating and breeding cabbage (partially one-stalk and multi-pod gregarious type)-series hybrid rape. The method comprises the following steps of: selfing a cabbage self-bred rape flat stalk female parent and a cabbage self-bred rape flat stalk male parent respectively, and purifying and breeding a cabbage self-bred rape flat stalk female parent A and a cabbage self-bred rape flat stalk male parent B; hybridizing the cabbage self-bred rape flat stalk female parent A and the cabbage self-bred rape flat stalk male parent B to obtain a flat stalk C; selfing, purifying and breeding the flat stalk C to obtain a flat stalk parent D; selfing a Japanese black pearl flat stalk and an American first-class rape flat stalk respectively, and purifying and breeding a Japanese black pearl flat stalk parent E and an American first-class rape flat stalk parent F; and hybridizing the flat stalk parent D, the Japanese black pearl flat stalk parent E and the American first-class rape flat stalk parent F to obtain (partially one-stalk and multi-pod gregarious type) G, wherein the flat stalk parent D is a female parent, and the Japanese black pearl flat stalk parent E and the American first-class rape flat stalk parent F serve as male parents. By adopting the method, the series of (partially one-stalk and multi-pod gregarious type) hybrid rape has the characteristics of long pod, multiple pod particles and small pod interval.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rape field, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation and selection of Wild cabbage type part one many pods of handle gregaria phase series cross-bred rape.
Background technology
Rape is in the world one of main edible oil materials crop, be also that Chinese people democracy is wanted one of source of edible oil, so rape is the oil crop that China generally plants.Common rape is the rape of round bar type kind strain at present, and this rape pod is very short, and the pod spacing is large, and fruit pod grain is little, and the plant type branch is high, thereby output is not high, and easily lodging.
Summary of the invention
Weak point for above-mentioned prior art existence, the cultivation and the selection that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Wild cabbage type part one many pods of handle gregaria phase series cross-bred rape, adopt that the cultivation of this Wild cabbage type selfing rape and rape that selection is hybridized with it rear acquisition fruit pod are long, fruit pod grain is many, the pod spacing is little, the plant type branch is low, output is high and be not easy to lodge, and purity is high.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of selection of Wild cabbage type part one many pods of handle gregaria phase series cross-bred rape, specifically distinguish selfing cabbage type rape hybrid flat bar female parent and cabbage type rape hybrid flat bar male parent, purify and select the maternal parent A of Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar and Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar male parent parent B; The maternal parent A of Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar and Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar male parent parent B hybridization, obtain flat bar C; Selfing purification seed selection flat bar C, obtain flat bar parent D; Selfing black japan pearl flat bar and U.S. rape king flat bar, purify and select black japan pearl flat bar parent E and U.S. rape king flat bar parent F respectively; Flat bar parent D and black japan pearl flat bar parent E and U.S. rape king flat bar parent F triple crossing, obtain part one many pods of handle gregaria phase G, and wherein flat bar parent D is maternal, and black japan pearl flat bar parent E and U.S. rape king flat bar parent F are as male parent.
As preferably, selfing purification seed selection part one many pods of handle gregaria phase G, obtain part one many pods of handle gregaria phase Parents Series H.
As preferably, the maternal parent A of described cabbage type rape hybrid flat bar and cabbage type rape hybrid flat bar male parent parent B obtain by the selfing purification seed selection of 5 seasons respectively; Described flat bar D is obtained by the selfing purification seed selection of 5 seasons by described flat bar C; Described black japan pearl flat bar parent E and U.S. rape king flat bar parent F are obtained by the selfing purification seed selection of 5 seasons by described black japan pearl flat bar and U.S. rape king flat bar; Described part one many pods of handle gregaria phase Parents Series H, by described part one many pods of handle gregaria phase G, obtained by the selfing purification seed selection of 5 seasons.
As preferably, described triple crossing is adopt flat bar parent D artificial emasculation and will gather the black japan pearl flat bar parent E that comes and after U.S. rape king flat bar parent F pollen stirs, filters, pollinate.
As preferably, described cabbage type rape hybrid flat bar female parent is selected from peaceful oily 10, middle oily 821, continuous oil 17 and continuous oil 11, and described cabbage type rape hybrid flat bar male parent be assorted No. 4 of China, expensive assorted No. 4, moral oily No. 5, Qian You No.18.
As preferably, described 5 per seasons in season be all with do not burn, be rich in mineral element more than 3 kinds and more than 3 kinds the fine fritter coal spoil of trace element add appropriate white clay, yellow mud and sandy loam as the plantation cultivation base.
As preferably, described gangue, white clay, yellow mud and every square metre of composition ratio of sandy loam were by 1: 1: 1: 1 for preferably mixing.
As preferably, described 5 per seasons in season are all as base fertilizer with five tastes sausage, oil cake, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, boron fertilizer, potash fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer more than three kinds.
As preferably, described 5 season every Ji Douyong scientific method carry out the fertile training of pouring in good time.
As preferably, described 5 per season in season Seedling Stage spraying paclobutrazol and Luanchongjing (pesticide)), the phase in strong sprout becomes strong green juice to water fertilizer to train with light green green grass or young crops is high in good time with the human excrement immersion corrosion.
As preferably, described 5 per season in season Seedling Stage to initial bloom stage every 10 to 15 days with contain more than 3 kinds trace element and more than 3 kinds amino acid whose foliage fertilizer be watered and make foliar spray and strengthen and educate, when Lei Tai grows to 4 to 5 cun high, separately add rape growth regulator and borax and be watered spraying, just during flower, more separately add rape growth regulator, carbendazim and borax and be watered spraying.
beneficial effect is: the inventive method of this Wild cabbage type part one many pods of handle gregaria phase series cross-bred rape is to adopt the strain of flat bar type kind to carry out the utilization of rape heterosis, hybrid vigor, because flat bar type rape is compared with the strain of round bar type rape kind, the fruit pod spacing that the strain of flat bar type kind is tied is very intensive, but, in the rape of plantation, only having very other rape is the strain of flat bar type kind, and other a large amount of kind strain is the strain of round bar type rape kind, therefore, the invention of this Wild cabbage type part one many pods of handle gregaria phase series cross-bred rape, at first flat bar type characteristic is carried out selfing purification seed selection, Deng flat bar type characteristic purification proterties stable after, again it is carried out triple crossing.In order to obtain the effect that better bears pods, effect resistant to lodging and proterties stablizing effect, the emasculating method that the present invention adopts is artificial emasculation, thereby has avoided the defect of CMS, HMS, SI and chemical emasculation.In addition, in order to improve cole crop output and further to improve bear pods effect, effect resistant to lodging and proterties stablizing effect, the present invention has adopted specific process to carry out the fertile training of pouring in good time in each stage in per season.
Embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, specifically illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Following examples 1-6 is based on the peaceful oil 10 of employing and the magnificent test of mixing and doing for No. 4, embodiment 7-12 is based on middle oily 821 and the expensive assorted test of doing for No. 4, embodiment 13-18 is based on the test that continuous oil 17 and moral oil are done for No. 5, embodiment 19-24 is based on the test that continuous oil 11 and Qian You No.18 are done, and embodiment 25 is the seed of embodiment 6, embodiment 12, embodiment 18, embodiment 24 gained and the comparative trial that the conventional hybridization rape seed is done.
Embodiment 1. selfings are purified and are selected the maternal parent A of cabbage type rape hybrid flat bar and cabbage type rape hybrid flat bar male parent parent B
Select respectively smooth, irrigate seed farm easily, safe isolation is arranged, and (the space isolation distance is more than 1.5 kilometers, its isolated area must not be planted other crop in cruciferae), the assorted No. 4 flat bar seeds plantation of the peaceful oily 10 flat bar seeds that will select respectively and China, line-spacing is 1.5 chis approximately, nest is apart from about 1 chi, with do not burn, be rich in more than 3 kinds mineral element and more than 3 kinds the fine fritter coal spoil of trace element add appropriate white clay, yellow mud and sandy loam as base; The composition ratio of every square metre is 1: 1: 1: 1 preferably mix, mu is with 15 kilograms, five tastes sausage, 40 kilograms, oil cake, 50 kilograms of potassium sulfate compound fertilizers, 3 kilograms of boron fertilizers, the trace element fertilizer of potash fertilizer more than 10 kilograms and three kinds as base fertilizer, and trace element fertilizer is 2 kilograms of copper, 2 kilograms of iron, 3 kilograms, zinc, 3 kilograms, magnesium, 3 kilograms of silicon, 1 kilogram, manganese, 2 kilograms of molybdenums.
Seedling Stage spraying paclobutrazol and Luanchongjing (pesticide)), the phase in strong sprout becomes strong green juice to water fertile training with light green green grass or young crops is high in good time with the human excrement immersion corrosion.Seedling Stage to initial bloom stage every 10 to 15 days with contain more than 3 kinds trace element and more than 3 kinds amino acid whose foliage fertilizer be watered and make foliar spray and strengthen and educate, when Lei Tai grows to 4 to 5 cun high, separately add rape growth regulator and borax and be watered spraying, just during flower, more separately add rape growth regulator, carbendazim and borax and be watered spraying.
Select that growth traits is good, healthy and strong, vigorous, branch is low, the 1st branch and the 2nd branch all a lot of the and strong individual plant of disease resistance isolate after selfing results seed as the maternal parent's A seed of Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar and Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar male parent parent's B seed or as continuing to cultivate the seed that plantation is used next season.
Need to repeat the said method step through 5 seasons, selfing is purified and is selected peaceful oily 10 flat bar parents and the assorted No. 4 flat bar parents of Hua.
The maternal parent A of embodiment 2. Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bars and Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar male parent parent B hybridization
Select smooth, irrigate seed farm easily, safe isolation is arranged, and (the space isolation distance is more than 1.5 kilometers, its isolated area must not be planted other crop in cruciferae), peaceful oily 10 flat bar parents are maternal, the assorted No. 4 flat bar parents of China are male parent, line-spacing is 1.5 chis approximately, and nest is apart from about 1 chi, with do not burn, be rich in more than 3 kinds mineral element and more than 3 kinds the fine fritter coal spoil of trace element add appropriate white clay, yellow mud and sandy loam as base; Gangue, white clay, yellow mud and every square metre of composition ratio of sandy loam are 1: 1: 1: 1 mixes as preferably.Mu is with 15 kilograms, five tastes sausage, 40 kilograms, oil cake, 50 kilograms of potassium sulfate compound fertilizers, 3 kilograms of boron fertilizers, the trace element fertilizer of potash fertilizer more than 10 kilograms and three kinds as base fertilizer, and trace element fertilizer is 2 kilograms of copper, 2 kilograms of iron, 3 kilograms, zinc, 3 kilograms, magnesium, 3 kilograms of silicon, 1 kilogram, manganese, 2 kilograms of molybdenums.
Seedling Stage spraying paclobutrazol and Luanchongjing (pesticide)), the phase in strong sprout becomes strong green juice to water fertile training with light green green grass or young crops is high in good time with the human excrement immersion corrosion.Seedling Stage to initial bloom stage every 10 to 15 days with contain more than 3 kinds trace element and more than 3 kinds amino acid whose foliage fertilizer be watered and make foliar spray and strengthen and educate, when Lei Tai grows to 4 to 5 cun high, separately add rape growth regulator and borax and be watered spraying, just during flower, more separately add rape growth regulator, carbendazim and borax and be watered spraying.
Artificial emasculation, manually adopt powder hybridization, obtains flat bar C (for first filial generation).
Embodiment 3. selfing purification seed selection flat bar C
With the flat bar C selfing of embodiment 2 gained, other condition of enforcement is with embodiment 2, selfing purify selected in 5 seasons stable, the low position branch of proterties and branch again many good self incompatible line flat bar parent D for maternal.
Embodiment 4. purifies and selects black japan pearl flat bar parent E and U.S. rape king flat bar parent F
Implementation condition is that black japan pearl flat bar seed and U.S. rape king flat bar seed, all the other are with embodiment one except the seed of seed respectively.
The black japan pearl is the normal rapeseed that farm broadening one doctor Lang in Japan pearl gulf cultivates, U.S. rape king is the rape hybrid new breed of new generation that Hubei Province Tianmen City featured agriculture Co., Ltd introduces from the U.S., long 13 to the 20 centimetres of left and right of this a new generation rape hybrid new breed pod.
Embodiment 5. triple crossings
As female parent, the black japan pearl flat bar parent E of embodiment 4 gained and U.S. rape king flat bar parent F carry out triple crossing as male parent with the flat bar parent D of embodiment 3 gained.
Except for the following differences, all the other are all with conventional triple crossing:
1) with do not burn, be rich in mineral element more than 3 kinds and more than 3 kinds the fine fritter coal spoil of trace element add appropriate white clay, yellow mud and sandy loam as base; The composition ratio that gangue, white clay, yellow mud and sandy loam are every square metre is 1: 1: 1: 1 mixes as preferably.Mu is with 15 kilograms, five tastes sausage, 40 kilograms, oil cake, 50 kilograms of potassium sulfate compound fertilizers, 3 kilograms of boron fertilizers, the trace element fertilizer of potash fertilizer more than 10 kilograms and three kinds as base fertilizer, and trace element fertilizer is 2 kilograms of copper, 2 kilograms of iron, 3 kilograms, zinc, 3 kilograms, magnesium, 3 kilograms of silicon, 1 kilogram, manganese, 2 kilograms of molybdenums.
2) Seedling Stage spraying paclobutrazol and Luanchongjing (pesticide)), the phase in strong sprout becomes strong green juice to water fertile training with light green green grass or young crops is high in good time with the human excrement immersion corrosion.Seedling Stage to initial bloom stage every 10 to 15 days with contain more than 3 kinds trace element and more than 3 kinds amino acid whose foliage fertilizer be watered and make foliar spray and strengthen and educate, when Lei Tai grows to 4 to 5 cun high, separately add rape growth regulator and borax and be watered spraying, just during flower, more separately add rape growth regulator, carbendazim and borax and be watered spraying.
3) with flat bar parent D artificial emasculation, gather black japan pearl flat bar parent E and U.S. rape king flat bar parent F pollen, stir, filter, pollination, carrying out 3 is hybridization, obtains part one many pods of handle gregaria phase G.
Embodiment 6. selfing purification seed selection part one many pods of handle gregaria phase G, obtain part one many pods of handle gregaria phase Parents Series H
Embodiment 7-12. implementation condition is middle oily 821 and expensive assorted 4 extras except what adopt, and all the other are the corresponding embodiment 1-6 that is same as respectively.
Embodiment 13-18. implementation condition is continuous oil 17 and moral oil 5 extras except what adopt, and all the other are the corresponding embodiment 1-6 that is same as respectively.
Embodiment 19-24. implementation condition is that continuous oil 11 and Qian You No.18, all the other are the corresponding embodiment 1-6 that is same as respectively except what adopt.
Embodiment 25 contrast experiments
Respectively with the seed of embodiment 6, embodiment 12, embodiment 18, embodiment 24 gained, with conventional hybridization rape seed (oil 10, middle oily 821 as peaceful in routine), compare sowing, plant, planting conditions and management condition are all identical, be general planting, Routine Management, experimental result such as table one.
Table one
The rape of producing according to the inventive method is Wild cabbage type part one many pods of handle gregaria phase series cross-bred rape, long 2 to 4 cun left and right, and it is airtight that heap is tied, and it is gorgeous that part one handle is spent more pattern,, except as the edible beyond the region of objective existence of plantation, also can be used as pot plant and view and admire.
The above is explained in detail the preferred embodiment for the present invention, but the present invention and be not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and part in the ken that those of ordinary skills possess, can also be made various variations under the prerequisite that does not break away from aim of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. cultivation and the selection of a Wild cabbage type part one many pods of handle gregaria phase series cross-bred rape comprise the following steps:
Selfing cabbage type rape hybrid flat bar female parent and cabbage type rape hybrid flat bar male parent, purify and select the maternal parent A of Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar and Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar male parent parent B respectively;
The maternal parent A of Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar and Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar male parent parent B hybridization, obtain flat bar C;
Selfing purification seed selection flat bar C, obtain flat bar parent D;
Selfing black japan pearl flat bar and U.S. rape king flat bar, purify and select black japan pearl flat bar parent E and U.S. rape king flat bar parent F respectively;
Flat bar parent D and black japan pearl flat bar parent E and U.S. rape king flat bar parent F triple crossing, obtain part one many pods of handle gregaria phase G, and wherein flat bar parent D is maternal, and black japan pearl flat bar parent E and U.S. rape king flat bar parent F are as male parent;
Selfing purification seed selection part one many pods of handle gregaria phase G, obtain part one many pods of handle gregaria phase Parents Series H;
The maternal parent A of described Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar and Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar male parent parent B obtain by the selfing purification seed selection of 5 seasons respectively; Described flat bar parent D is obtained by the selfing purification seed selection of 5 seasons by described flat bar C; Described black japan pearl flat bar parent E and U.S. rape king flat bar parent F are obtained by the selfing purification seed selection of 5 seasons by described black japan pearl flat bar and U.S. rape king flat bar; Described part one many pods of handle gregaria phase Parents Series H is obtained by the selfing purification seed selection of 5 seasons by described part one many pods of handle gregaria phase G;
Described triple crossing is adopt flat bar parent D artificial emasculation and will gather the black japan pearl flat bar parent E that comes and after U.S. rape king flat bar parent F pollen stirs, filters, pollinate;
Described cabbage type rape hybrid flat bar female parent is selected from peaceful oily 10, middle oily 821, continuous oil 17, continuous oil 11, and described cabbage type rape hybrid flat bar male parent be assorted No. 4 of China, expensive assorted No. 4, moral oily No. 5, Qian You No.18.
2. cultivation and the selection of Wild cabbage type part according to claim 1 one many pods of handle gregaria phase series cross-bred rape is characterized in that: described 5 per seasons in season be all with do not burn, be rich in mineral element more than 3 kinds and more than 3 kinds the fine fritter coal spoil of trace element add appropriate white clay, yellow mud and sandy loam as the plantation cultivation base.
3. cultivation and the selection of Wild cabbage type part according to claim 1 one many pods of handle gregaria phase series cross-bred rape, it is characterized in that: described coal spoil, white clay, yellow mud and every square metre of composition of sandy loam were by 1: 1: 1: 1 mixes for preferred proportion.
4. cultivation and the selection of Wild cabbage type part according to claim 1 one many pods of handle gregaria phase series cross-bred rape, it is characterized in that: described 5 per seasons in season are all as base fertilizer with five tastes sausage, oil cake, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, boron fertilizer, potash fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer more than three kinds.
5. cultivation and the selection of Wild cabbage type part according to claim 1 one many pods of handle gregaria phase series cross-bred rape, it is characterized in that: described 5 per seasons in season Seedling Stage spraying paclobutrazol and Luanchongjing (pesticide)), the phase in strong sprout becomes strong green juice to water fertilizer to train with light green green grass or young crops is high in good time with the human excrement immersion corrosion.
6. cultivation and the selection of Wild cabbage type part according to claim 1 one many pods of handle gregaria phase series cross-bred rape, it is characterized in that: described 5 per season in season Seedling Stage to initial bloom stage every 10 to 15 days with contain more than 3 kinds trace element and more than 3 kinds amino acid whose foliage fertilizer be watered and make foliar spray and strengthen and educate, when Lei Tai grows to 4 to 5 cun high, separately add rape growth regulator and borax and be watered spraying, just during flower, more separately add rape growth regulator, carbendazim and borax and be watered spraying.
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| CN101292626A (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2008-10-29 | 华中农业大学 | Breeding design and identification method for short-haulm compact type cole suitable for mechanized harvest |
| CN101336611A (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2009-01-07 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of good quality, double-low, disease-resistant, high yield, lodging-resistant rape |
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