CN102144537B - Method for cultivating and breeding rape - Google Patents
Method for cultivating and breeding rape Download PDFInfo
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- CN102144537B CN102144537B CN2011100611069A CN201110061106A CN102144537B CN 102144537 B CN102144537 B CN 102144537B CN 2011100611069 A CN2011100611069 A CN 2011100611069A CN 201110061106 A CN201110061106 A CN 201110061106A CN 102144537 B CN102144537 B CN 102144537B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating and breeding tour spectacle rape invented by Mr.Li Xianming in Sichuan Shehongxianming Agriculture High-tech Research Institution. The method comprises the following steps of: selfing Brassica napus Guiza 4, and breeding a flat bar parent A of the Brassica napus Guiza 4 through mitosis and purification; selfing Japanese black pearl conventional rape and American rape king hybrid rape respectively, and breeding a flat bar parent B of the Japanese black pearl and a flat bar parent C of the American rape king through purification; hybridizing three lines, namely the flat bar parent A of the Guiza 4, the flat bar parent B of the Japanese blackpearl and the flat bar parent C of the American rape king to obtain partially multi-flower multi-pod aggregate D; and selfing, purifying and breeding the partially multi-flower multi-pod aggregate D to obtain the tour spectacle rape G. The tour spectacle rape prepared by the method has long pods, more and large grains, and small distance, is particularly peculiar and gorgeous due to multiple flowers on one stem and rare and splendid due to multiple pods on one stem, is particularly suitable for tour scene cultivation and bonsai cultivation and appreciated as tour spectacle and potted plants of streets, home and courtyards, and beautifies natural environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rape field, be specifically related to the cultivation and the selection of a kind of wonder landscape rape of travelling of Mr.'s Li Xianming invention.
Background technology
Rape is one of main in the world edible oil materials crop, also be that Chinese people democracy is wanted one of source of edible oil, so rape is the oil crop that China generally plants.Common rape is the type of production rape that hybridization is cultivated in the strain of round bar type kind at present, and this rape pod is very short, and the pod spacing is big, and fruit pod grain is little, and the plant type branch is high, and lodging easily, thereby output is not high.But also be confined to type of production, for the natural beautiful scenery that beautifies human the Nature,, there is not to upgrade the natural flavor that the high-new landscape of the more beautiful natural land line of U.S. is is more viewed and admired though U.S.A also is that people are common.
Summary of the invention
Cultivate the weak point that the type of production rape technology of hybridization exists to above-mentioned existing round bar type kind strain, Mr. Li Xianming has invented a kind of cultivation and selection of the wonder landscape rape of travelling, adopt the cultivation of this tourism wonder landscape rape long with the rape fruit pod that selection obtains, fruit pod grain is many, part one handle spends more many pods and the pod spacing is little, plant type very compactness, branch is extremely low, the spy is resistant to lodging; Output is very high; One handle is spent more, and is very peculiar gorgeous, exceptionally added a scenery that ten minutes is beautiful to the Nature; The many pods of one handle; About the long 2-4 of pod cun, heap is tied airtightly, has ornamental value.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the cultivation and the selection of a kind of wonder landscape rape of travelling of Mr.'s Li Xianming invention, and expensive assorted No. 4 of selfing cabbage type rape hybrid, division is purified and is selected the expensive assorted No. 4 flat bar parent A of Wild cabbage type selfing rape; Selfing black japan pearl normal rapeseed and U.S. rape king cross-bred rape divide purification and select black japan pearl flat bar parent B and U.S. rape king flat bar parent C respectively; Flat bar parent A and black japan pearl flat bar parent B and U.S. rape king flat bar parent C triple crossing; Get part one handle and spend more many pods gregaria phase D; Wherein expensive assorted No. 4 flat bar parent A are maternal, and black japan pearl flat bar parent B and U.S. rape king flat bar parent C are as male parent; Selfing purification seed selection part one handle is spent more many pods gregaria phase D, the wonder of must travelling landscape rape G.
As preferably, the expensive assorted No. 4 flat bar parent A of said cabbage type rape hybrid get through the selfing division purification seed selection of 5 seasons; Said black japan pearl flat bar parent B and U.S. rape king flat bar parent C are got through the selfing purification seed selection of 5 seasons by said black japan pearl normal rapeseed and U.S. rape king cross-bred rape; Said tourism wonder landscape rape G spends more many pods gregaria phase D by said part one handle and gets through the selfing purification seed selection of 5 seasons.
As preferably, said triple crossing is to adopt expensive assorted No. 4 flat bar parent A artificial emasculations and will gather the black japan pearl flat bar parent B that comes and after U.S. rape king flat bar parent C pollen stirs, filters, pollinate.
As preferably, said per season in 5 seasons all be with do not burn, be rich in mineral element more than 3 kinds and more than 3 kinds the fine fritter coal spoil of trace element add an amount of white clay, yellow mud and sandy loam as the plantation cultivation base.
As preferably, said gangue, white clay, yellow mud and every square metre of composition ratio of sandy loam were by 1: 1: 1: 1 for preferably mixing.
As preferably, said per season in 5 seasons all is as base fertilizer with five tastes sausage, oil cake, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, boron fertilizer, potash fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer more than three kinds.
As preferably, said 5 seasons, every Ji Douyong scientific method was watered fertile training in good time.
As preferably, said 5 seasons per seedling phase in season spraying paclobutrazol and Luanchongjing (pesticide)), the phase in strong sprout becomes strong green juice to water fertilizer to train with light green green grass or young crops is high in good time with the human excrement immersion corrosion.
As preferably; Per seedling phase in season in said 5 seasons to initial bloom stage every at a distance from 10 to 15 days with contain more than 3 kinds trace element and more than 3 kinds amino acid whose foliage fertilizer convert water and make foliar spray and strengthen and educate; When Lei Tai grows to 4 to 5 cun high; Other adds the rape growth regulator and borax is converted water spray, when just spending, adds rape growth regulator, carbendazim and borax more in addition and converts water spray.
Beneficial effect is: the cultivation of a kind of wonder landscape rape of travelling of Mr.'s Li Xianming invention and selection are to adopt the strain of flat bar type kind to carry out the utilization of rape heterosis, hybrid vigor, because flat bar type rape is compared with the strain of round bar type rape kind, the fruit pod spacing that the strain of flat bar type kind is tied is very intensive; But; In the rape of plantation, be difficult to seed selection to the strain of flat bar type kind, and other a large amount of kind strain is the strain of round bar type rape kind; Therefore; A kind of cultivation and selection of travelling wonder landscape rape of Mr. Li Xianming invention is: at first the round bar type rape is carried out selfing purification seed selection, wait seed selection to arrive the strain of flat bar type characteristic species after, again it is carried out triple crossing.
Embodiment
To specifically illustrate the present invention with reference to embodiment below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Following examples 1 are based on the expensive selfing cultivation and the seed selection experiment of mixing and being done for No. 4.Embodiment 2 is based on selfing cultivation and the seed selection experiment that black japan pearl normal rapeseed and U.S.'s rape king cross-bred rape are done.It is hybrid experiment that embodiment 3 is based on 3.
Embodiment 1. selfings division is purified and is selected the expensive assorted No. 4 flat bar parent A of cabbage type rape hybrid
Select respectively smooth, irrigate seed farm easily; Safe isolation is arranged, and (the distance isolation distance is more than 1.5 kilometers; Its isolated area must not be planted other crop in cruciferae), expensive assorted No. 4 cross-bred rape seeds of selecting are sowed plantation, about 1.5 chis of line-spacing; Nest is apart from about 1 chi, with do not burn, be rich in more than 3 kinds mineral element and more than 3 kinds the fine fritter coal spoil of trace element add an amount of white clay, yellow mud and sandy loam as the base; Every square metre composition ratio is 1: 1: 1: 1 preferably mix; As base fertilizer, trace element fertilizer is 2 kilograms of copper, 2 kilograms of iron, 3 kilograms on zinc, 3 kilograms in magnesium, 3 kilograms of silicon, 1 kilogram in manganese, 2 kilograms of molybdenums to mu with 15 kilograms in five tastes sausage, 40 kilograms in oil cake, 50 kilograms of potassium sulfate compound fertilizers, 3 kilograms of boron fertilizers, the trace element fertilizer of potash fertilizer more than 10 kilograms and three kinds.
Seedling phase spraying paclobutrazol and Luanchongjing (pesticide)), the phase in strong sprout becomes strong green juice to water fertile training with light green green grass or young crops is high in good time with the human excrement immersion corrosion.Seedling phase to initial bloom stage every at a distance from 10 to 15 days with contain more than 3 kinds trace element and more than 3 kinds amino acid whose foliage fertilizer convert water and make foliar spray and strengthen and educate; When Lei Tai grows to 4 to 5 cun high; Other adds the rape growth regulator and borax is converted water spray; When just spending, add rape growth regulator, carbendazim and borax more in addition and convert water spray.
Select that growth traits is good, healthy and strong, vigorous, branch is low, the 1st branch and the 2nd branch is all a lot of and the strong individual plant of disease resistance is isolated behind the selfing results seed as the maternal parent A of Wild cabbage type selfing rape flat bar seed.
Need to repeat the said method step through 5 seasons, selfing is cultivated, and division is purified and selected the expensive assorted No. 4 flat bar parent A in expensive assorted No. 4.
Embodiment 2. purifies and selects black japan pearl flat bar parent B and U.S. rape king flat bar parent C
Implementation condition is that all the other are with embodiment one black japan pearl normal rapeseed seed and the U.S. rape king cross-bred rape seed except that the seed of seed respectively.
The black japan pearl is the normal rapeseed that pearl gulf farm broadening one doctor Lang of Japan cultivates; U.S. rape king is the rape hybrid new breed of new generation that Hubei Province Tianmen City featured agriculture Co., Ltd introduces from the U.S., long about 13 to 20 centimetres of this a new generation rape hybrid new breed pod.
Embodiment 3. triple crossings
As female parent, the black japan pearl flat bar parent B of embodiment 2 gained and U.S. rape king flat bar parent C carry out triple crossing as male parent with the flat bar parent A of embodiment 1 gained.
Except that following difference, all the other are all with conventional triple crossing:
1) with do not burn, be rich in mineral element more than 3 kinds and more than 3 kinds the fine fritter coal spoil of trace element add an amount of white clay, yellow mud and sandy loam as the base; The composition ratio that gangue, white clay, yellow mud and sandy loam are every square metre is 1: 1: 1: 1 mixes to preferably.As base fertilizer, trace element fertilizer is 2 kilograms of copper, 2 kilograms of iron, 3 kilograms on zinc, 3 kilograms in magnesium, 3 kilograms of silicon, 1 kilogram in manganese, 2 kilograms of molybdenums to mu with 15 kilograms in five tastes sausage, 40 kilograms in oil cake, 50 kilograms of potassium sulfate compound fertilizers, 3 kilograms of boron fertilizers, the trace element fertilizer of potash fertilizer more than 10 kilograms and three kinds.
2) seedling phase spraying paclobutrazol and Luanchongjing (pesticide)), the phase in strong sprout becomes strong green juice to water fertile training with light green green grass or young crops is high in good time with the human excrement immersion corrosion.Seedling phase to initial bloom stage every at a distance from 10 to 15 days with contain more than 3 kinds trace element and more than 3 kinds amino acid whose foliage fertilizer convert water and make foliar spray and strengthen and educate; When Lei Tai grows to 4 to 5 cun high; Other adds the rape growth regulator and borax is converted water spray; When just spending, add rape growth regulator, carbendazim and borax more in addition and convert water spray.
3) with flat bar parent A artificial emasculation, gather black japan pearl flat bar parent B and U.S. rape king flat bar parent C pollen, stir, filter, pollination, carrying out 3 is hybridization, gets part one handle and spends more many pods gregaria phase D.
Embodiment 4. selfing purification seed selection parts one handle is spent more many pods gregaria phase D, the wonder of must travelling landscape rape G.
The contrast experiment. seed and expensive assorted No. 4 seeds of embodiment 4 gained are sowed, plantation, planting conditions is identical with management condition, is general planting, Routine Management, experimental result table one.
Table one
The tourism wonder landscape rape of producing according to the inventive method; Long about 2 to 4 cun of pod, it is airtight that heap is tied, and part one handle is spent more peculiar gorgeous; Except that appreciating plantation as travelling scenery cultivation is viewed and admired with potted landscape, also can be used as edible normal rapeseed land for growing field crops type of production and plant and view and admire.More can hybridize with parent's rape of any combination that adapts, the F1 after the hybridization is on the production traits, producing better production effect.
Above the preferred embodiment for the present invention has been done detailed description; But the present invention also is confined to above-mentioned embodiment incessantly; Most of every in the ken that those of ordinary skills possessed, making various variations under the prerequisite that does not break away from aim of the present invention all within the scope of the present invention's protection.
Claims (6)
1. the cultivation of a rape and selection may further comprise the steps:
Expensive assorted No. 4 of selfing cabbage type rape hybrid, separating purifies selects the expensive assorted No. 4 flat bar parent A of Wild cabbage type selfing rape;
Selfing black japan pearl normal rapeseed and U.S. rape king cross-bred rape separate purification and select black japan pearl flat bar parent B and U.S. rape king flat bar parent C respectively;
Flat bar parent A and black japan pearl flat bar parent B and U.S. rape king flat bar parent C triple crossing; Get part one handle and spend more many pods gregaria phase D; Wherein expensive assorted No. 4 flat bar parent A are maternal, and black japan pearl flat bar parent B and U.S. rape king flat bar parent C are as male parent;
Selfing purification seed selection part one handle is spent more many pods gregaria phase D, gets rape G;
The expensive assorted No. 4 flat bar parent A of said Wild cabbage type selfing rape separate the purification seed selection through the selfing of 5 seasons and get; Said black japan pearl flat bar parent B separates purification seed selection with U.S. rape king cross-bred rape through the selfing of 5 seasons by said black japan pearl normal rapeseed with U.S. rape king flat bar parent C and gets; Said rape G is spent more many pods gregaria phase D, is got through the selfing separation purification seed selection of 5 seasons by said part one handle;
Said triple crossing is after employing stirs expensive mix No. 4 flat bar parent A artificial emasculations and the black japan pearl flat bar parent B that will gather and U.S. rape king flat bar parent C pollen, filter, pollination.
2. the cultivation of a kind of rape according to claim 1 and selection is characterized in that: said per season in 5 seasons all be with do not burn, be rich in mineral element more than 3 kinds and more than 3 kinds the fine fritter coal spoil of trace element add an amount of white clay, yellow mud and sandy loam as the plantation cultivation base.
3. the cultivation of a kind of rape according to claim 2 and selection, it is characterized in that: said coal spoil, white clay, yellow mud and every square metre of composition of sandy loam were by 1: 1: 1: 1 forms for mixed.
4. the cultivation of a kind of rape according to claim 1 and selection, it is characterized in that: said per season in 5 seasons all is as base fertilizer with five tastes sausage, oil cake, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, boron fertilizer, potash fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer more than three kinds.
5. the cultivation of a kind of rape according to claim 1 and selection is characterized in that: said 5 seasons per seedling phase in season spraying paclobutrazol and Luanchongjing (pesticide)), the phase in strong sprout becomes strong green juice to water fertilizer to train with light green green grass or young crops is high in good time with the human excrement immersion corrosion.
6. the cultivation of a kind of rape according to claim 1 and selection; It is characterized in that: per seedling phase in season in said 5 seasons to initial bloom stage every at a distance from 10 to 15 days with contain more than 3 kinds trace element and more than 3 kinds amino acid whose foliage fertilizer convert water and make foliar spray and strengthen and educate; When Lei Tai grows to 4 to 5 cun high; Other adds the rape growth regulator and borax is converted water spray, when just spending, adds rape growth regulator, carbendazim and borax more in addition and converts water spray.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100611069A CN102144537B (en) | 2011-03-09 | 2011-03-09 | Method for cultivating and breeding rape |
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| CN2011100611069A CN102144537B (en) | 2011-03-09 | 2011-03-09 | Method for cultivating and breeding rape |
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| CN102144537A CN102144537A (en) | 2011-08-10 |
| CN102144537B true CN102144537B (en) | 2012-11-07 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105075853A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-11-25 | 临澧县祥云旅游开发有限公司 | Breeding method of sightseeing white flower brassica napus |
| CN110100721A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-09 | 西南大学 | A kind of purplish red leaf sightseeing type multipurpose cabbage type rape selection |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1268288A (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-10-04 | 沈克泉 | Breeding method of hybrid rape |
| CN101248753A (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2008-08-27 | 华中农业大学 | Method for assist-breeding low erucic acid, low sulfuric glucoside cabbage type rape self-incompatible line with microspore cultivation and SSR making |
| CN101292626A (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2008-10-29 | 华中农业大学 | Breeding design and identification method for short-haulm compact type cole suitable for mechanized harvest |
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2011
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1268288A (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-10-04 | 沈克泉 | Breeding method of hybrid rape |
| CN101248753A (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2008-08-27 | 华中农业大学 | Method for assist-breeding low erucic acid, low sulfuric glucoside cabbage type rape self-incompatible line with microspore cultivation and SSR making |
| CN101292626A (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2008-10-29 | 华中农业大学 | Breeding design and identification method for short-haulm compact type cole suitable for mechanized harvest |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 蒋梁材等."高产育种新材料——甘蓝型聚生角果油菜".《西南农业学报》.1998,第11卷第223-229页. |
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