CN103404325A - Method for cultivating peppers in open field in spring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating peppers in an open field in spring. The method comprises the first step of selecting breeds, wherein the breed which is early-maturing and early-and-medium-maturing or the breed which is medium-maturing, medium-late-maturing, large in number of fruits, big in fruits, disease-resistant and heat-resistant can be selected according to various requirements; the second step of sowing and cultivating seedlings, wherein the appropriate seedling time in Henan province ranges from the first ten-day period of January to the first ten-day period of February, and the seedling using quantity is about 75 grams every 667 square meters; the third step of preparing soil and fertilizing, wherein generally, 5000-7500 kilograms of high-quality thoroughly decomposed organic fertilizer, 50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 30 kilograms of urea are applied every 667 square meters, and 30 kilograms of potassium sulphate serve as base fertilizer; the fourth step of field planting, wherein the field planting should be carried out in fine days after the local latest frost period is finished, the plantation density is 2-line peppers each low bank, the line spacing is 50 centimeters, the hill spacing ranges from 33 centimeters to 45 centimeters, and two pepper seedlings are planted in each hole. According to the method for cultivating the peppers in the open field in spring, the pepper species which is high-temperature resistant, antiviral, strong in growth vigor, big in fruits, thick in fruit flesh and cold resistant is provided, the fruits are centralized, the yield can be increased, the grade of the peppers can be improved, diseases can be prevented, the peppers can appear on the market continuously, the phenomena of flower dropping, fruit dropping and leaf dropping of the peppers can be avoided, and local economic benefits are greatly improved.

Description

A kind of method of capsicum spring outdoor cropping

Technical field

The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of capsicum, especially a kind of method of capsicum spring outdoor cropping.

Background technology

Capsicum, also claim kind peppery, the peppery or green pepper eggplant in sea, in originating in, Nan Meizhou, stem is upright, single leaf alternate, and artificial cultivation is all therophytes, can be divided into cherry green pepper class, circular cone green pepper class, the green pepper class of clustering, long green pepper class, bell pepper class five classes, when trunk diameter growth 8-10 sheet leaf, give birth to first flower, wider than tomato, eggplant to the requirement of temperature, humidity.

(1) characteristic

1, the capsicum main root is undeveloped, and the root amount is few, and root mass is distributed in the topsoil of 10-15 centimetre mostly, and its root system is neither drought-enduring, not waterlogging-resistant again.A little less than root regeneration energy force rate tomato, eggplant.Not anti-dense fertilizer.

2, generally when stem grows to 7-15 sheet leaf, the stem end forms bud, with two wooden forks or three wooden fork branch continued growths.In general, though same kind, the plantation in autumn, the number of blade during branching is fewer than the spring, generally at the 8-9 sheet.

3, high temperature and drought brings out the generation of virus disease and spreads, and high temperature and rainy also often has virus disease popular.

4, the fallen flowers of capsicum, shedding and fallen leaves (common name " three fall ") also often easily occur, and this is a major issue on capsicum produces, very large to yield effect.The reason more complicated of " three fall ".Early spring fallen flowers be mainly due to low temperature effect the elongation of pollination and pollen tube cause; Soil and air drought are also the reasons that causes fallen flowers; Nitrogenous fertilizer too much or the factors such as deficiency, branches and leaves excessive growth, illumination deficiency directly affect to nourish and grow and with the balance of reproductive growth, cause fallen flowers; High temperature and drought causes that the generation of virus disease or high temperature waterlogging caused by excessive rain make that the Root Absorption ability weakens, the plant disorder, also have damage by disease and insect (anthracnose, ring spot, cotton bollworm, noctuid) etc., causes a large amount of " three fall ".

(2) to the requirement of environmental condition

1, temperature: germination period: flattening, true leaf appear from the seed germination to the cotyledon.The germination thermophilic is 25-30 ℃, is difficult for germinateing lower than 15 ℃; 2. Seedling Stage: be exposed to the first flower from true leaf and budding.Growth of seedling thermophilic 25-30 ℃ on daytime, night temperature 20-25 ℃, soil temperature is 17-22 ℃; 3. yield positive results the phase: from first the flower budding to first the fruit setting be the early flowering season, daytime 20-25 ℃, 16-20 ℃ of night is favourable; 4. work as temperature and surpass 40 ℃, growth almost stops.

2, illumination: ask medium intensity of illumination, 40,000 5 left and right, lux.Undergrowth under the high light direct projection, and sun burn easily occurs.General warm season vegetable, photosynthetic light saturation point, mostly in 50,000 left and right, lux.

3, moisture content: water requirement is not too high, but root mass is undeveloped, does not often keep ground moistening, is difficult to obtain high yield.Capsicum waterflooding a few hours, plant will cause death.

4, soil: high and dry in physical features, draining is good, well-grown in fertile deep soil.General sandy soil, clay also can be cultivated, but should not be planted on the soil of low-lying ponding.Avoid and the solanaceous crops continuous cropping.

5, fertilizer: vegetative period is long, strict to the nutritional condition of soil, plants on the soil of medium above fertility, can high yield, and with heavy dressing base manure, successful in early days topdresses.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of high temperature resistant, antiviral, growth potential is strong, in result set, thick, the cold-resistant capsicum variety of fruit pork, can increase the method for the capsicum spring outdoor cropping of output; The commercial grade that can not only improve, be beneficial to diseases prevention, is beneficial to product and goes on the market continuously, and can avoid fallen flowers, shedding and the fallen leaves of capsicum, greatly improved the local economy benefit.

Technical scheme of the present invention is being:

The method of this capsicum spring outdoor cropping consists of following steps:

1. variety adoption: the spring outdoor cropping according to various requirement can select precocity, in early ripe or in ripe, in late-maturing, result is many, the kind of really large, disease-resistant heat resistanceheat resistant, as Zheng green pepper No. nine, Zheng green pepper ride on Bus No. 11, Charlie emperor, Zheng Yan pioneer, Zheng green pepper ten No. six;

2. seeding and seedling raising: Henan Province is that early January is to early Febuary suitable sowing time; Every 667 square metres of sowing quantities are 75 gram left and right;

3. site preparation and fertilization: use the high-quality fertilizer 5000-7500 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed, 50 kilograms of superphosphate, 30 kilograms, urea for general every 667 square metres; 30 kilograms of potassium sulphates are made base manure, the cake fertilizer that also can enrich double centner with good conditionsi, and fertilising at least need to be before field planting completes in 7-10 days; 2/3 of base manure is wanted the general ground of executing, and then tilling depth is 25～30 centimetres, and the rake drag is hugged flat repeatedly; Remaining 1/3 base manure is rising under the Qian Yu ridge, the ridge, and the ridge recurs after shallow hoe mixes muck; By 1 meter 1 ridge routing, the ridge is high 10～15 centimetres, and top, the ridge is wide 40 centimetres, covering with plastic film on the ridge;

4. field planting: field planting should be after the local latest frost phase finishes; Henan Province's setting date is many in mid or late April; Select the fine day field planting; Plantation density. every ridge plants 2 row, 50 centimetres of line-spacings, cave is apart from 33-45 centimetre, the two strains in a cave; Precocity and mid-early maturity kind plantation density can be larger, in ripe and middle-late ripening variety plantation density should be slightly rare, after having planted, water water 1 time.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

This invention is to provide that a kind of high temperature resistant, antiviral, growth potential is strong, in result set, thick, the cold-resistant capsicum variety of fruit pork, can increase the method for the capsicum spring outdoor cropping of output; The commercial grade that can not only improve, be beneficial to diseases prevention, is beneficial to product and goes on the market continuously, and can avoid fallen flowers, shedding and the fallen leaves of capsicum, greatly improved the local economy benefit.

Embodiment

Embodiment:

The method of this capsicum spring outdoor cropping consists of following steps:

1. variety adoption: the spring outdoor cropping according to various requirement can select precocity, in early ripe or in ripe, in late-maturing, result is many, the kind of really large, disease-resistant heat resistanceheat resistant, as Zheng green pepper No. nine, Zheng green pepper ride on Bus No. 11, Charlie emperor, Zheng Yan pioneer, Zheng green pepper ten No. six;

2. seeding and seedling raising: Henan Province is that early January is to early Febuary suitable sowing time; Every 667 square metres of sowing quantities are 75 gram left and right;

3. site preparation and fertilization: use the high-quality fertilizer 5000-7500 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed, 50 kilograms of superphosphate, 30 kilograms, urea for general every 667 square metres; 30 kilograms of potassium sulphates are made base manure, the cake fertilizer that also can enrich double centner with good conditionsi, and fertilising at least need to be before field planting completes in 7-10 days; 2/3 of base manure is wanted the general ground of executing, and then tilling depth is 25～30 centimetres, and the rake drag is hugged flat repeatedly; Remaining 1/3 base manure is rising under the Qian Yu ridge, the ridge, and the ridge recurs after shallow hoe mixes muck; By 1 meter 1 ridge routing, the ridge is high 10～15 centimetres, and top, the ridge is wide 40 centimetres, covering with plastic film on the ridge;

4. field planting: field planting should be after the local latest frost phase finishes; Henan Province's setting date is many in mid or late April; Select the fine day field planting; Plantation density. every ridge plants 2 row, 50 centimetres of line-spacings, cave is apart from 33-45 centimetre, the two strains in a cave; Precocity and mid-early maturity kind plantation density can be larger, in ripe and middle-late ripening variety plantation density should be slightly rare, after having planted, water water 1 time.

Claims (1)

1. the method for a capsicum spring outdoor cropping, its feature consists of following steps:

1. variety adoption: the spring outdoor cropping according to various requirement can select precocity, in early ripe or in ripe, in late-maturing, result is many, the kind of really large, disease-resistant heat resistanceheat resistant, as Zheng green pepper No. nine, Zheng green pepper ride on Bus No. 11, Charlie emperor, Zheng Yan pioneer, Zheng green pepper ten No. six;

2. seeding and seedling raising: Henan Province is that early January is to early Febuary suitable sowing time; Every 667 square metres of sowing quantities are 75 gram left and right;

3. site preparation and fertilization: use the high-quality fertilizer 5000-7500 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed, 50 kilograms of superphosphate, 30 kilograms, urea for general every 667 square metres; 30 kilograms of potassium sulphates are made base manure, the cake fertilizer that also can enrich double centner with good conditionsi, and fertilising at least need to be before field planting completes in 7-10 days; 2/3 of base manure is wanted the general ground of executing, and then tilling depth is 25～30 centimetres, and the rake drag is hugged flat repeatedly; Remaining 1/3 base manure is rising under the Qian Yu ridge, the ridge, and the ridge recurs after shallow hoe mixes muck; By 1 meter 1 ridge routing, the ridge is high 10～15 centimetres, and top, the ridge is wide 40 centimetres, covering with plastic film on the ridge;

4. field planting: field planting should be after the local latest frost phase finishes; Henan Province's setting date is many in mid or late April; Select the fine day field planting; Plantation density. every ridge plants 2 row, 50 centimetres of line-spacings, cave is apart from 33-45 centimetre, the two strains in a cave; Precocity and mid-early maturity kind plantation density can be larger, in ripe and middle-late ripening variety plantation density should be slightly rare, after having planted, water water 1 time.