CN105994026A - Breeding method for improving commercial specification and commercial rate of freshwater shrimps - Google Patents
Breeding method for improving commercial specification and commercial rate of freshwater shrimps Download PDFInfo
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- CN105994026A CN105994026A CN201610323120.4A CN201610323120A CN105994026A CN 105994026 A CN105994026 A CN 105994026A CN 201610323120 A CN201610323120 A CN 201610323120A CN 105994026 A CN105994026 A CN 105994026A
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- macrobrachium nipponensis
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a breeding method for improving the commercial specification and the commercial rate of freshwater shrimps. The breeding method comprises the following steps: clearing a pond, and planting cold-resistant waterweeds; putting young shrimps bred in winter and spring; catching the freshwater shrimps for marketing for the first time; catching the freshwater shrimps for marketing for the second time; clearing the pond, and planting high-temperature-resistant waterweeds; putting young shrimps bred in summer; replacing bottom-layer water of the pond, and spreading quicklime, a bottom-sediment improver and an organic acid detoxifying agent into the pond; when the content of dissolved oxygen of the pond is 3 mg/L or less, introducing oxygen into the pond; and alternately applying the bottom-sediment improver and the organic acid detoxifying agent, and catching all the freshwater shrimps in the pond for marketing. The breeding method has the following beneficial technical effects: through technological innovation in the aspects of control of water quality, a stocking manner of the young shrimps, planting of the waterweeds, feed selection and feeding, catching, etc., a proper shrimp load density of the pond is maintained, and the survival rate of the freshwater shrimps is improved. Through technical measures of the invention, a unit net profit reaches 5000 to 8000 yuan which is 2 to 4 times of the unit net profit of traditional breeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Freshwater shrimps cultural method, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation improving Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and commodity rate
Method.
Background technology
Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), formal name used at school Macrobrachium nipponensis (Macrobrachium nipponense), have another name called astacus, be under the jurisdiction of Palaemonidae,
Macrobrachium belongs to.It is distributed mainly on the China in Asia, Japan, the Korea peninsula, Vietnam, Malaysia and Far-east Area of Russia,
In recent years, Singapore, Philippine, Uzbekistan, southern Iraq, Moldova, Kazak and Iran it are gradually diffused into
Etc. ground.In China, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) is distributed widely in all parts of the country, and especially most with East China and South China, main producing region is distributed mainly on
The ground such as the Jiangsu of the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shanghai.This shrimp fine and tender taste, meat flavour is delicious, battalion
Support abundant, gross protein value 15-19%, fat 1.2-2%, belong to high protein and low fat food, and rich in calcareous and multiple
Vitamin, is favored by consumers in general deeply, particularly the good merchantable brand of replenishing the calcium of old man, child, be China's main economic freshwater shrimps it
One.In China, the 1950's, the Zhejiang of the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River, Jiangsu start to carry out shrimp culture work, the most
Extend to 18 provinces (city) such as Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shanghai, Hunan, Guangxi, Henan and Shandong,
Shrimp culture total scale about 5,000,000 mu, announces according to fishery yearbook in 2014, and whole nation shrimp culture yield reaches 251149 tons.
China Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) master supports pattern at present mainly has, and pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) double season, master supported pattern, pond one season Seedling one season commercial sized prawn aquaculture model
With pond one season Seedling two season commercial sized prawn aquaculture model, year cultured output be 100-150 kilogram, the average commodity rate of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) is 30%
Hereinafter, commercial sized prawn average size about 2.5g, the commercial sized prawn market price of this specification 70-100 unit/kilogram, Xia Miao city
Price 40-50 unit/kilogram, every mu of profit only about 2000 yuan.There is many defects in Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) master's pattern of supporting at present, restriction
The further lifting of shrimp culture specification and commodity rate, be mainly presented with: one is that Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) closes cultivation, through the nearest throughout the year
Consangnineous mating is joined, Low market efficiency, plants matter and degenerates serious, shows after deliberation, current pond culture Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial sized prawn relatively lake selection-breeding
Low more than the 0.35g of generation average size, compared with Taihu Lake 1 Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) low more than the 0.42g of new varieties average size.Two is owing to lacking
The rich water of weary science, water transfer method, in breeding process, new pool difficulty rich water, moss grows, old man's difficulty water transfer, blue algae bloom,
The physical and chemical factors such as dissolved oxygen deficiency, the most algae, pasture and water death, and ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, sulfide exceed standard, and lead
Cause feed coefficient raises, and commodity rate declines, and Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) is stolen dead serious, and commodity is poor, and unit cultured output is low, economic benefit
Glide.Three is that shrimp Seedling is bred and existed unreasonable with commercial sized prawn culturing time arrangement, and cultivating pool cleans up the pond, shine the pool, rest and reorganization
Deficiency of time, causes often occurring in breeding process that water quality difficulty is adjusted, pathogen grows, disease takes place frequently, and Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) is stolen dead serious,
Survival rate is low, and cultured output is low.Four is that autumn breeding seedlings is lacked effective control method, causes Qiu Miao more, ties up cultivation sky
Between and food resource, cause Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) poor growth, commodity rate is relatively low.Five is that waterweed regulation and control lack science, and waterweed is
Shrimp culture commonly uses pasture and water, but waterweed overgrowing in summer difficulty is controlled, and often results in pond fertilizer degree and declines, and pond pH value is higher, she
Happy algae non-refractory, hypoxia, the normal sudden death of pasture and water causes water quality to deteriorate suddenly, and fishes for Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) and make troubles.Six
It is part Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) main producing region, in order to pursue fishery output and efficiency, utilizes chrysanthemum esters highly toxic pesticide to carry out medicine and catch, both threatened business
Product Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) food safety, again major injury winter-spring season shrimp Seedling, cause winter-spring season shrimp culture success rate low.Accordingly, it would be desirable to from
Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) Genetic improvement, regulating and controlling water quality, shrimp Seedling put mode in a suitable place to breed, pasture and water regulate and control, precisely throw something and feed, the aspect such as fish for carries out technology wound
Newly, improve Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and commodity rate, improve the market price, and then improve unit-economy benefit further.
Summary of the invention
Present invention seek to address that traditional pond master supports the defect of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) method, it is provided that a kind of raising pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and business
The cultural method of product rate.The present invention is specific as follows:
A kind of improve pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and the cultural method of commodity rate, carry out as follows:
Step 1: in cultivation Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) February then, carry out cleaning up the pond and plant tolerance to cold pasture and water.
Step 2: after completing to plant tolerance to cold pasture and water, throw in winter-spring season shrimp Seedling.With body long 3.5cm/ tail for distinguishing standard,
Winter-spring season shrimp Seedling is divided into 2 kinds of specifications: body length is less than the winter-spring season shrimp Seedling of 3.5cm/ tail, the winter-spring season shrimp of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail
Seedling.The fine day that selection water temperature is more than 10 DEG C, throws in shrimp feed on a small quantity.Amino acids Fertilizer water paste is utilized to topdress to pond.
Step 3: in April, to pond carry out refooting a layer water, quick lime of splashing, (preferred brand has EM bacterium: adjust
Water is precious), throw in shrimp feed every day, and the first time carrying out Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) fishes for listing.The first time of described Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) fish for be to by
Fishing for of the finished product shrimp that winter-spring season shrimp Seedling more than body long 3.5-4.5cm/ tail grows up to.
Step 4: in May, carries out, to pond, layer water that refoots, quick lime of splashing, substrate modifier (preferred brand has:
Change at the bottom of removing toxic substances oxygen supplement), organic acid antidote (preferred brand has: clear water pacify), EM bacterium, shrimp feed of throwing something and feeding every day.5
Carry out the second time of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) the end of month and fish for listing.The second time of described Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) is fished for and is less than more than 3.5cm/ tail to by body length
Fishing for of the finished product shrimp that winter-spring season shrimp Seedling grows up to.
Step 5: in June, along with winter-spring season cultivation shrimp has been fished for, enters shrimp culture preparatory stage summer and autumn, right
Cleaning up the pond in pond, and reseeds high temperature resistant pasture and water.
In step 6:7 month, after completing to plant high temperature resistant pasture and water, throw in the shrimp Seedling bred summer.Every day throws in shrimp feed.
Refoot a layer water, quick lime of splashing to pond, substrate modifier, organic acid antidote are used alternatingly, using substrate modifier
Or after organic acid antidote, the 2nd day microecological bacillus preparation of splashing (preferred brand has: gold medal spore).When
When dissolved oxygen is less than 3mg/L, and to pool oxygenation.
Step 7: in August, refoots a layer water to pond, quick lime of splashing, substrate modifier, organic acid antidote, often
It shrimp feed of throwing something and feeding.After using substrate modifier or organic acid antidote, the 2nd day microecological bacillus preparation of splashing,
When dissolved oxygen is less than 3mg/L, and to pool oxygenation.
Step 8: in JIUYUE, carry out, to pond, layer water that refoots, substrate modifier of splashing, organic acid antidote, quick lime,
After using substrate modifier or organic acid antidote, the 2nd day microecological bacillus preparation of splashing, shrimp of throwing something and feeding every day is raised
Material.When dissolved oxygen is less than 3mg/L, to pool oxygenation.
Step 9: in October, throws in shrimp feed.Substrate modifier, organic acid antidote are used alternatingly, are using substrate
After modifying agent or organic acid antidote, the 2nd day microecological bacillus preparation of splashing.
Step 10: at 11 to December, the fine day that selection water temperature is more than 10 DEG C, throw in a small amount of shrimp feed.
Step 11: in the 1-2 month in next year, the Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) in pond is all fished for listing.
Furtherly, above-mentioned cultural method, specific as follows:
Step 1: carry out cleaning up the pond and plant tolerance to cold pasture and water.Particularly as follows:
First, in cultivation Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) February then, select continuous fair weather, drain water, pond is carried out no less than 10
It the solarization pool, shines and turns white at the bottom of pond, in polygon.
Secondly, put shrimp Seedling first 10 days, intake to pond so that pond water is as deep as 10-30cm, and selects quick lime, bleaching
Powder, copper sulfate or tea seed cake, i.e. clean up the pond.
After cleaning up the pond 7 days, intake to pond so that pond water is as deep as 30-50cm, and bio-fertilizer of uniformly splashing to pond is made
For base manure, i.e. carry out rich water.
After completing the rich water described in this step the 2nd day, plants tolerance to cold pasture and water in pond.Described tolerance to cold pasture and water,
For waterweed.
Step 2: throw in winter-spring season shrimp Seedling.
In the March of the plantation tolerance to cold pasture and water to this year completing step 1, by the standard of 15-20 kg/acre to pond
Throw in winter-spring season shrimp Seedling.
Described winter-spring season shrimp Seedling divides 2 kinds of specifications: the specification below body a length of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail and 3.5cm/ tail.
Wherein, the winter-spring season shrimp Seedling of body a length of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail specification corresponding " tail kilogram " than be 600-800 tail/
Kilogram.
The winter-spring season shrimp Seedling of body a length of 3.5cm/ following specification of tail corresponding " tail kilogram " than be 1000-2000 tail/kilogram.
By shrimp Seedling below a length of for body 3.5-4.5cm/ tail and 3.5cm/ tail, the most individually cultivation.Will pond be divided into 2 with
On culturing area, or the pond with more than 2, be invested in different breeding region/pond by the shrimp Seedling of different size
Row individually cultivation.
The fine day that selection water temperature is more than 10 DEG C, throws in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 40%.Described crude protein content exists
The particle diameter of the shrimp feed of more than 40% is at about 1.1mm.
Fertilizer water paste is utilized to topdress to pond.Described Fertilizer water paste is amino acids.The liquid manure degree in regulation pond, and maintain transparency
At 30cm.
Step 3: in April, every 10-15 days, is carried out 1 time refooting a layer water, when changing water, quantity of exchanged water to pond every time
For 5cm.And EM bacterium microbial ecological agent of splashing to pond (preferred brand has: water transfer is precious).Described EM bacterium microbial ecological agent
The microbial ecological agent made for beneficial microbe mixed fermentations such as lactobacillus, bacillus cereus, photosynthetic bacterias.
In April, every 15-20 days, a quick lime of splashing to pond, the consumption of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms.
In April, throw in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 36%.Described crude protein content is raised by the shrimp more than 36%
The particle diameter of material is 1.6mm.In mid or late April, utilize cage will to be grown up to by the winter-spring season shrimp Seedling of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail specification
Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) fishes for listing, and by the end of April, all Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)s are fished on the dry pool.
Step 4: in May, every 10-15 days, carries out 1 time to pond and changes water, and when changing water, quantity of exchanged water is 5cm every time.
In May, every 15-20 days, a quick lime of splashing to pond, the consumption of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms.
In May, every 15-20 days, be used alternatingly 1 substrate modifier (preferred brand has: change at the bottom of removing toxic substances oxygen supplement),
Organic acid antidote (preferred brand has: clear water is pacified), and after using substrate modifier or organic acid antidote, entirely
Splash 1 EM bacterium (preferred brand has: water transfer is precious) in pond.
In May, every day throws in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 36% to pond, and described crude protein content is 36%
The particle diameter of above shrimp feed is 1.6mm.
In late May, use and manually cut off the tolerance to cold pasture and water in pond.Tolerance to cold pasture and water preferential in the present invention are Yi Le
Algae, therefore use and manually cut off too much waterweed, and use cage to fish for commercial sized prawn listing, and to mid or late June, the dry pool
Fish for and list the Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) grown up to by the winter-spring season shrimp Seedling of the following specification of 3.5cm/ tail.
Step 5: in early June, throws in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 36%, described crude protein every day to pond
The particle diameter of content shrimp feed more than 36% is 1.6mm.
In mid-June, the pond preparatory stage of entrance cultivation summer and autumn:
First, pond is carried out the solarization pool no less than 10 days.
Secondly, after shining the pool, intaking to pond so that pond water level reaches 30cm, select tea seed cake to clean up the pond, every mu uses tea
Dregs of rice 15-20 kilogram, after soaking 24 hours, full pool spilling head, thoroughly remove pond wild fishes, Bellamya quadrata, finless eel and mud,
The harmful animals such as Hirudo.
After cleaning up the pond 7 days, bio-fertilizer of splashing to pond, as base manure, i.e. carries out rich water.
After completing the rich water described in step 5 the 2nd day, plants high temperature resistant pasture and water in pond.Described high temperature resistant pasture and water,
For hydrilla verticillata.Along with alive of hydrilla verticillata, gradually add deep water level to 0.8-1 rice.
Step 6: the mid-July in the high temperature resistant pasture and water of plantation to this year completing step 5:
Throw in the shrimp Seedling bred summer to pond by the standard of 10-15 kg/acre.Corresponding " the tail of the shrimp Seedling that described summer breeds
Kilogram " than be 4000-6000 tail/kilogram.
Throw in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 40%.
Every 7-10 days, changing the bottom water 1 time in pond, each quantity of exchanged water is 5cm.
Every 15-20 days, the quick lime of 1 time of splashing to pond, the consumption of quick lime controlled within 5 kilograms.
Every 15-20 days, 1 substrate modifier (preferred brand have: removing toxic substances oxygen supplement at the bottom of change), organic acid are used alternatingly
Antidote (preferred brand has: clear water is pacified).And after using substrate modifier or organic acid antidote, full pool spilling head 1
Secondary bacillus category microbial ecological agent (preferred brand has: gold medal spore).
When dissolved oxygen in fish pond is less than 3mg/L, open pond microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, to pool oxygenation.
Step 7: in August, every 7-10 days, is carried out refooting layer water 1 time to pond, and when changing water, quantity of exchanged water is every time
5cm。
In August, every 15-20 days, a quick lime of splashing to pond, the consumption of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms.
In August, every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier (removing toxic substances oxygen supplement at the bottom of change), organic acid antidote are used alternatingly
(preferred brand has: clear water is pacified).And after using substrate modifier or organic acid antidote, the 2nd day full pool spilling head 1
Secondary bacillus category microbial ecological agent (preferred brand has: gold medal spore).
In the first tenday period of a month in August, throw in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 40%.In the middle ten days and the last ten days in August, change into throwing in slightly
Protein content shrimp feed more than 33%.
In August, when dissolved oxygen in fish pond is less than 3mg/L, open pond microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, to pool oxygenation.
Step 8: in JIUYUE, every 7-10 days, is carried out refooting layer water 1 time to pond, and when changing water, quantity of exchanged water is every time
5cm。
In JIUYUE, every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic acid antidote are used alternatingly, and are using substrate
After modifying agent or organic acid antidote, 1 bacillus category microbial ecological agent of the 2nd day full pool spilling head.
In JIUYUE, every 15-20 days, a quick lime of splashing to pond, the consumption of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms.
In JIUYUE the first tenday period of a month, throw in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 33%.In JIUYUE the middle ten days and the last ten days, change into throwing in thick
Protein content shrimp feed more than 36%.
In JIUYUE, when dissolved oxygen in fish pond is less than 3mg/L, open pond microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, to pool oxygenation.
Step 9: in October, throws in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 36%.
In October, every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic acid antidote are used alternatingly, and are using substrate
After modifying agent or organic acid antidote, 1 bacillus category microbial ecological agent of the 2nd day full pool spilling head.
Step 10: at 11 to December, selects the water temperature fine day higher than more than 10 DEG C, throws in crude protein content 36%
Above shrimp feed.
Step 11: in the 1-2 month in next year, uses fishing tool, the Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) in pond is fished for listing.Described fish for work
Tool includes trawlnet, catches up with net, cage.
Furtherly, the shrimp Seedling that the winter-spring season shrimp Seedling described in step 2, the summer described in step 6 breed is for be selected by wild freshwater shrimp
F1 and F2 educated is for shrimp Seedling.
Furtherly, the time shining the pool is 20 days.
Furtherly, in 7 to JIUYUE, after running into vile weather, anti-stress medicine of need to splashing to pond.Described severe sky
Gas is heavy rain, cool winds weather.Described anti-stress medicine is Vc, Ve and stress multidimensional medicament.
Furtherly, in mid-August to mid-September, control Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) quantity as follows:
One is the big specification Variegated that shrimp culture summer and autumn pond set supports that specification is 0.5-0.75kg, and 5-10 tail supported by every mu of set.
Two is that pellet crude protein content is reduced to 33%.Three is to reduce fertilising, strengthens quantity of exchanged water, increases pond transparency extremely
40cm。
Furtherly, in March, April, October and November, the medicament of prevention ciliate disease of splashing to pond.
Furtherly, in 5 to JIUYUE, monthly replacing splash to pond chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine, prevention Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) is bacillary
Disease agent.
Furtherly, EM bacterium and the disinfectant such as microecological bacillus preparation and chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine, quick lime use
Time interval is more than 5 days.
The present invention is as follows with the advantage of prior art:
1, the present invention takes the mid or late October of shrimp culture the previous year, blue or green in conjunction with the big wild high-quality of the water surface such as lake, river
Shrimp is fished for, now high-quality wild shrimp Seedling aboundresources, low price, choose specification 600-1000 tail/kilogram wild freshwater shrimp
Seed, utilizes special pond to carry out reinforced cultivating shrimp with ovums.The shrimp with ovums of this kind of method cultivation is to pond strong adaptability, ovum
Early, incubation rate is high, the F1 generation shrimp seed that the breeds advantage such as good of fine quality, utilizes the oogenesis that the method is preferably cultivated for maturation time
The pool time that goes out of the shrimp Seedling that shrimp breeds, relatively directly the shrimp with ovums of big water surface selection-breeding shifted to an earlier date 10-15 days from lake etc., was breeding then
15-20 day in July, shrimp Seedling specification can reach 4000-6000 tail/kilogram, be conducive to putting shrimp Seedling in advance in a suitable place to breed, extend Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)
Trophophase, increases shelling trophophase, is conducive to improving commodity rate and the commercial specification of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) summer and autumn.
2, in the technology of the present invention measure, in winter-spring season cultivation, shrimp culture February then, utilize 7.5 sieves that body is long
Separating for the commercial sized prawn of more than 4.5cm and the shrimp Seedling of a length of below the 4.5cm of body, commercial sized prawn is sold.Recycling 6.5 sieve is by body
The shrimp Seedling of a length of 3.5-4.5cm (600-800 tail/kilogram) and a length of below the 3.5cm of body (1000-2000 tail/kilogram) divides
Open, individually cultivate.Be conducive to specification be 600-800 tail/kilogram big specification shrimp Seedling list specification reaching by the end of April.
Be conducive to specification be 1000-2000 tail/kilogram small dimension shrimp Seedling delay to June listing.Both small dimension shrimp Seedling can have been extended
Growth time, improve commodity rate and specification, the Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) market price downturn period in May can be avoided again, the year of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) can be improved
Average market price.
3, the present invention combines the growth of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) and is easy to fish for, and takes shrimp culture February then, transplants waterweed,
Transplant 10-15, pasture and water for every mu.Shrimp culture June then, mend and plant hydrilla verticillata, transplant 5-10, pasture and water for every mu.
Cultivation summer and autumn uses tea seed cake to clean up the pond, and does not injure the waterweed of cultivating pool summer and autumn, and pasture and water area coverage accounts for pond area
20-30%.Annual mid or late May, mid or late October, before catching season, take manually to cut off waterweed and raising
Pond fertilizer degree, the growth of suppression waterweed, use substrate modifier, Water body antidote simultaneously, prevent because pasture and water are rotted and residual
Bait, feces gather and harmful physical and chemical factors such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide are raised.Not only improve Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) main
The season of growth, keep the pasture and water coverage rate that pond is suitable, keep water quality good, promote Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) fast-growth.Be conducive to again
Remove pasture and water before fishing for, it is simple to utilize trawlnet and catch up with net fishing freshwater shrimps, improve the catching rate of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), be prevented effectively from use chrysanthemum
Esters medicine carries out medicine and catches and hinder the drawback of shrimp.
4, the present invention takes according to pond water quality fertilizer degree, in cultivation in early days, selects instant capacity amino acids rich water product to carry out
Liquid manure regulates, and in cultivation 4-5 month in early days, takes EM bacterium of periodically splashing, cultivates middle and late stage 6-10 month, periodically splash
Bacillus cereus, takes periodically to change water on a small quantity, quick lime of periodically splashing, periodically uses substrate modifier, Water body antidote etc.,
Maintain the ecological environment that pond is excellent.In annual 2-3 month, keeping pond transparency about 30cm, in 4-6 month, pond is saturating
Lightness 30-35cm, 7-9 month, pond transparency 35-40cm.In October, pond transparency 30-35cm, November is extremely
Fishing for young shrimps, pond transparency about 30cm, water colour is shallow dark brown.Ammonia-nitrogen content is made to maintain 0.2-0.3mg/L,
Nitrite is at 0-0.06mg/L, and sulfide maintains 0-0.03mg/L, reduces Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) and steals dead rate, promotes Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) fast
Fast-growing is long, establishes good water ecological environment basis for improving Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commodity rate and commercial specification.
5, the present invention is on Feed selection, except mid-August is to mid-September, outside needing the control autumn numerous, and shrimp feed crude protein
Control about 33%.During shrimp culture, select the protein content of pellet at 36-40%, strengthen Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) nutrition,
Promote its shelling growth, and according to month, carried out defining accurately to the feeding volume of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), be conducive to accomplishing precisely to throw to raise,
Promote Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) fast-growth, cost-effective, it is to avoid residual bait gathers, and ruins water quality.
6, the present invention is in autumn breeding seedlings control, takes to cultivate set summer and autumn and brings specification Variegated up.Enter shrimp breeding season then
Joint, reduces material protein content, reduces the mode of water body fertilizer degree.Reduce the egg laying rate of red swamp of shrimp, incubation rate and Qiu Fan germling then
Survival rate, controls autumn breeding seedlings, effectively prevent a large amount of autumn breeding seedlings and is full of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) master summer and autumn and supports pond, reduces pond unit plane
Long-pending load shrimp amount, it is ensured that put the fast-growth of shrimp Seedling in a suitable place to breed, improves commodity rate and the commercial specification of shrimp culture summer and autumn.
7, as preferred scheme, the present invention takes in October and November, is utilized respectively zinc sulfate and copper sulfate kills one
Secondary set class ciliate, before Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) survives the winter, thoroughly kills ciliate, is conducive to improving the body constitution of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), improves and survive the winter into
Motility rate, also provides healthy shrimp Seedling for winter-spring season shrimp culture, improves the survival rate of winter-spring season shrimp culture.
The present invention puts mode, pasture and water cultivation, Feed selection in a suitable place to breed from Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) Genetic improvement, regulating and controlling water quality, shrimp Seedling and throws something and feeds, catches
The aspect such as dragging for and carry out technological innovation, the method is separated by specification through preferred excellent Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) kind matter, science training grass control grass, shrimp Seedling
Individually cultivation, water quality periodic adjustment, precisely throw raise, control autumn breeding seedlings, disease syndrome prevents, science is fished for, and keeps excellent
Water ecological environment, maintains the suitable load shrimp density in pond, improve Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) survival rate, May of staggering, October, November
The Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) market price downturn period, improve Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) survival rate, specification, commodity rate and specific yield and the commercial sized prawn market price.
By the technology of the present invention measure so that Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) cultivation of double season commercial sized prawn average size reaches more than 3g, and commodity rate reaches 60-70%,
Every mu year Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) yield reach 150-200 kilogram, the commercial sized prawn market price per jin improve 5-10 unit, unit net profit reaches
5000-8000 unit, for 2-4 times of tradition cultivation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram in pond.
Fig. 2 is shrimp screen cloth schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further explained as follows in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
A kind of improve pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and the cultural method of commodity rate, carry out as follows:
Step 1: in cultivation Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) February (winter-spring season) then and June (summer and autumn), pond is no less than
The solarization pool of 10 days.Preferably scheme is, shines the pool 20 days.
Put shrimp Seedling first 10 days, 10-30cm of intaking, selects quick lime, bleaching powder, copper sulfate or tea seed cake to clean up the pond.
Sterilizing latter 7 days, water filling 30-50cm, full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer, as base manure, carries out rich water.
Step 2: after fertilising the 2nd day, cultivation Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) February then, plants tolerance to cold pasture and water waterweed.Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) is worked as in cultivation
In the July in year, mend and plant high temperature resistant pasture and water hydrilla verticillata.
Step 3: in cultivation Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) February then-March, carry out winter-spring season shrimp culture, utilize shrimp sieve that body is a length of
The Winter-Spring of (1000-2000 tail/kilogram) below 3.5-4.5cm/ tail (600-800 tail/kilogram) and body a length of 3.5cm/ tail
Season shrimp Seedling separately, separately cultivate, winter-spring season shrimp Seedling, every mu of standard press 15-20 kilogram is to pond input.
Mid or late July, throw in specification reach 4000-6000 tail/kilogram the shrimp Seedling bred then, every mu press 10-15 kilogram/
The standard of mu is thrown in pond.
Shrimp Seedling selects F1 and F2 of wild freshwater shrimp selection-breeding for shrimp Seedling.
Step 4: after shrimp Seedling is thrown in, according to the growth stage of shrimp Seedling, selects the pellet of different size, specific as follows:
Cultivation Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) is put in a suitable place to breed early stage, i.e. cultivate February then, March, July, early August, select Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) granule
Feedstuff 1# expects (crude protein more than 40%, particle diameter 1.1mm).
At the cultivation middle and late stage put in a suitable place to breed of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), i.e. cultivate April then, May, June, ten days early August, late September,
October, November, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm).
Numerous season in Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) autumn, i.e. shrimp culture mid-August then to mid-September then, select Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2#
Material (crude protein 33%, particle diameter 1.6mm).
Step 5: shrimp culture then 2, March, utilize amino acids Fertilizer water paste to topdress, regulate liquid manure degree, remain transparent
Degree is at 30cm.
Shrimp culture then 4, May, every 10-15 days, EM bacterium microbial ecological agent of splashing (water transfer is precious) 1 time.Often
Refooted layer water 1 time every 10-15 days, changes water 5cm every time.
Shrimp culture then 6,7,8, JIUYUE, every 7-10 days, refooted layer water 1 time, changes water 5cm every time.
Shrimp culture June then-October, every 7-10 days, be used alternatingly 1 substrate modifier (changing at the bottom of removing toxic substances oxygen supplement),
Organic acid antidote (clear water peace), and after using substrate modifier, organic acid antidote, the 2nd day full pool spilling head bud
Spore bacillus microbial ecological agent (gold medal spore) 1 time.
Shrimp culture April then-JIUYUE, every 15-20 days, quick lime of full pool spilling head, each consumption controlled 5 public
Within Jin.
Shrimp culture July then-JIUYUE, dissolved oxygen in fish pond at below 3mg/L time, open microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, to
Pool oxygenation.Before and after the vile weather such as heavy rain, cool winds, need full pool spilling head Vc, Ve and stress multidimensional etc. is anti-should
Swash medicine.
Step 6: shrimp culture needs to control Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) autumn breeding seedlings to mid-September mid-August then, and concrete measure is as follows:
One is the big specification Variegated that shrimp culture summer and autumn pond set supports that specification is 0.5-0.75kg, and 5-10 tail supported by every mu of set.
Two is mid-August to mid-September, and pellet crude protein content is reduced to 33%.Three is numerous season in autumn, reduces fertilising,
Strengthen quantity of exchanged water, increase pond transparency to about 40cm.
Step 7: shrimp culture process, according to the pests occurrence rule of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pest and disease damage, the prevention carrying out Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) main diseases and insect pests is arranged
Execute, specific as follows:
Shrimp culture then 3,4,10, November, the monthly medicament of full pool spilling head prevention ciliate disease.
Shrimp culture May then-JIUYUE, the prevention Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) bacterial disease medicine such as chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine of the most alternately splashing
Agent.
Step 8: combining shrimp culture stage and the market price, carry out fishing for and selling of commercial sized prawn in good time, major technique is arranged
Execute as follows:
Cultivation Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) mid or late April then, put in a suitable place to breed into 600-400 tail/kilogram winter-spring season big specification shrimp Seedling, reach
To commercial specification, utilizing cage wheel to catch listing, by the end of April, all Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)s are fished on the dry pool, vacate pond for Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) nursery simultaneously.
Cultivation Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) early June then, put in a suitable place to breed into 1000-2000 tail/kilogram winter-spring season small dimension shrimp Seedling, reach
To commercial specification, using cage to fish for listing, mid or late June, all Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)s are fished on the dry pool, support for Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) summer and autumn simultaneously
Grow and vacate pond.
In the 1-2 month in next year of shrimp culture, put in a suitable place to breed into 4000-6000 tail/kilogram shrimp Seedling in summer, reach commercial specification,
Using trawlnet, catch up with the fishing tool such as net, cage, fishing freshwater shrimps lists, and in spring at a time when this, the Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) market price is annual
The preferably period.
Foregoing invention is explained further as follows:
Described pond condition is, pond adjacent to water source, area 2-10 mu, smooth at the bottom of pond, storing water 1.2-1.5m, slope
Ratio 1:3-5, bed mud is loam, does not leak not permeable, and nutrient preserving capability is good, has perfect culvert system, and water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free,
The ridge, the pool is clean and tidy, without weeds.
Described cleaning up the pond is, shrimp culture February then, June, in conjunction with summer and autumn, the commodity Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) of cultivation is fished for and sells
Sell, select continuous fair weather, drain water, freeze solarization 10-20 days, shine and turn white at the bottom of pond, in polygon, the most smooth
At the bottom of the pool.Winter-spring season cultivates, and puts shrimp Seedling first 10 days, 10-30cm of intaking, and selects quick lime, bleaching powder dry method to clean up the pond, every mu
Quick lime consumption 75-100 kilogram.Every mu of bleaching powder (effective chlorine 30%) 10-15 kilogram, after medicine slurrying water, full pond is sprinkled
Spill, do not stay dead angle.After sterilization the 2nd day, every mu re-used 0.5-1 kilogram of copper sulfate, changes water full pool spilling head, thoroughly removes
Pond wild fishes, Bellamya quadrata, finless eel and mud, Hirudo, moss and fraction of pathogens body.Summer and autumn cultivates, 30cm of intaking, choosing
Cleaning up the pond by tea seed cake, every mu uses tea seed cake 15-20 kilogram, after soaking 24 hours, full pool spilling head, thoroughly removes pond
The harmful animals such as wild fishes, Bellamya quadrata, finless eel and mud, Hirudo.
Described fertilising is, the present invention select bio-fertilizer as base manure, select amino acids Fertilizer water paste soluble in water as topdressing,
It is not recommended that select perishable water, be easily generated oxygen debt, germinate disease and the organic manure of explosive algae of turning blue and compound fertilizer.Clean up the pond sterilization
Latter 7 days, intake to pond so that pond water level reaches 30-50cm, and full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer 50-100 kilogram is as base manure.
Shrimp culture early stage, according to water body fertilizer degree, appropriateness is topdressed 1-2 time, topdresses and selects aminoacid Fertilizer water paste soluble in water.
Described pasture and water are cultivated, and according to the cultivation stage in Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) double season, take to transplant in two stages pasture and water, wherein, winter-spring season
In the cultivation stage, shrimp culture February then, after basal dressing the 2nd day, in the middle of long limit, transplant waterweed trophosome along pond,
Transplant waterweed 1 every 5-6 rice to restraint, transplant 10-15 bundle for every mu, along with alive of pasture and water, growth, gradually add deep water level extremely
60-80cm.Cultivate the stage summer and autumn, shrimp culture July then, after basal dressing the 2nd day, transplant in the middle of pond
Hydrilla verticillata trophosome, every 10-15 rice transplant hydrilla verticillata 1 restraint, every mu transplant 5-10 bundle, along with pasture and water live,
Growth, gradually adds deep water level to 0.8-1 rice.Before pasture and water are transplanted, all utilize the bleaching powder of 10g/m3 or the height of 20g/m3
Potassium manganate soaks 10 minutes, transplants after cleaning.Pasture and water area coverage is made to account for the 20-30% of the pond gross area.
Described pasture and water control, for ease of fishing for and prevent the too much sudden death of high temperature season waterweed, annual late May,
Mid or late October, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) enters the overgrowing phase with waterweed before fishing for, manually cuts off too much waterweed in pond, and by topdressing,
Control pond transparency in about 30cm, suppression pasture and water growth, use simultaneously substrate modifier (changing at the bottom of removing toxic substances oxygen supplement) and
Water body antidote (clear water peace), prevents because pasture and water are rotted so that harmful physical and chemical factors such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide
Raise.
Described seedling selection-breeding is, mid or late October the previous year of shrimp culture, wild excellent in conjunction with the big water surface such as lake, river
Matter is fished for by Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), now high-quality wild shrimp Seedling aboundresources, choose specification 600-1000 tail/kilogram wild freshwater shrimp seed,
Utilize special pond to carry out reinforced cultivating, cultivate to mid or late May in next year, most of female shrimp oogenesis.Now, according to nursery
Pond and the ratio of culturing pool area 1:4-5, arrange special pond nursery pond, annual 20-25 day in May, start to select shrimp with ovums,
Shrimp with ovums requires that specification is complete at more than 5cm, bouncing, appendage, ovum requires oogenesis full prominent, cinerous, eye
Point mays be seen indistinctly and ovary is full of whole carapace, and ovum now can arrange Seedling after 2-3 days, throws in shrimp with ovums 5-10 for every mu
Kilogram, and collocation specification is the male shrimp of more than 6cm on a small quantity.According to Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) seed mode of reproduction, carry out wild freshwater shrimp F1 generation
Breeding of shrimp Seedling.
The shrimp Seedling that the method is bred is wild high-quality Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) first filial generation, plants of fine quality good.And wild freshwater shrimp is through pond reinforced cultivating,
The shrimp with ovums cultivated, to pond strong adaptability, morning maturation of ovum time, the advantages such as incubation rate is high, utilizes pond preferably to cultivate
The shrimp Seedling that shrimp with ovums is bred go out the pool time advance 10-15 days, in annual 15-20 day in July, shrimp Seedling specification can reach
4000-6000 tail/kilogram, be conducive to putting in a suitable place to breed in advance shrimp Seedling, extend Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) trophophase, increase shelling trophophase, be conducive to carrying
High commodity rate.
The described seedling mode of putting in a suitable place to breed is, according to the cultivation stage in Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) double season, the present invention uses and throws in Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) shrimp in two stages
Seedling, winter-spring season cultivates, shrimp culture February then, utilizes shrimp to sieve shrimp Seedling body a length of 3.5-4.5cm (600-800
Tail/kilogram) 3.5cm below a length of with body (1000-2000 tail/kilogram) separate, individually put in a suitable place to breed, put 15-20 in a suitable place to breed for every mu
Kilogram.Mid or late July, throw in specification reach 4000-6000 tail/kilogram breed shrimp Seedling then, put 10-15 kilogram in a suitable place to breed for every mu.
Described shrimp sieve is, the specification of shrimp sieve is 70cm × 40cm × 10cm, and smooth sticking plaster is installed side by side along long limit in the sieve end, moulds
Charge bar spacing has two kinds of specification: 7.5mm and 6.5mm, is called 7.5 sieves and 6.5 sieves.Utilize 7.5 sieves that body is a length of
The commercial sized prawn of more than 4.5cm and shrimp Seedling are separately.Again with 6.5 sieves by a length of for body 3.5-4.5cm (600-800 tail/kilogram) and
The shrimp Seedling of a length of below the 3.5cm of body (1000-2000 tail/kilogram) separately, carries out the most individually cultivation.
Described water quality adjustment is, 2, March, according to water quality fertilizer degree situation, within every 15-20 days, impose aminoacid Fertilizer water paste 1
Secondary, regulate liquid manure degree, maintain transparency at about 30cm so that the natural biological bait keeping sufficient in pond is taken the photograph for Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)
Food.April-May, every 10-15 days, EM bacterium of full pool spilling head (water transfer is precious).June-October, every 7-10
My god, substrate modifier (removing toxic substances oxygen supplement at the bottom of change), an organic acid antidote (clear water peace) are used alternatingly, and are using substrate
After modifying agent or organic acid antidote, bacillus cereus of the 2nd day full pool spilling head (gold medal spore), remove pond poisonous
The factor, regulation water body bacterium is balanced each other, and decomposes the residual bait in pond, humus etc..April, May, refooted every 10-15 days
Layer water 1 time, in June-October, refooted layer water 1 time every 7-10 days, changes water about 5cm every time.April-October,
Every 15-20 days, quick lime of full pool spilling head, each consumption controlled within 5 kilograms, increases water body calcareous.7、8、
JIUYUE high temperature season, water-bed easily anoxia, according to weather, water quality situation, when Dissolved Oxygen in Water is at below 3mg/L, open
Open microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, to pool oxygenation, maintain dissolved oxygen in fish pond at about 5mg/L, prevent from leading because of bottom anoxia
Cause algae, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) poor growth and pasture and water sudden death etc..Before and after the vile weather such as heavy rain, cool winds, full pool spilling head
Vc, Ve and stress the anti-stress medicine such as multidimensional.Annual 2-3 month, holding pond transparency about 30cm, 4-6 month,
Pond transparency 30-35cm, 7-9 month, pond transparency 35-40cm.October, pond transparency 30-35cm, 11
Month is shallow dark brown to fishing for young shrimps, pond transparency about 30cm, water colour.
Described Feed selection with throwing something and feeding is, according to Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) growth characteristics, precisely throws something and feeds according to month, specific as follows:
February-mid-March, select Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 1# to expect (crude protein more than 40%, particle diameter 1.1mm), select water temperature
Fine day higher than 10 DEG C, every day, 14:00-15:00 threw something and fed 1 time, and rate 1-1.5%, each every mu of 0.2-0.3 that throws something and feeds are raised in day throwing
Kilogram.
Late March, select Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 1# expect (crude protein more than 40%, particle diameter 1.1mm), every day 16:00-17:
00, to throw something and feed 1 time, rate 1.5-2% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 0.2-0.4 kilogram for each every mu.
April, select Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm), every day 16:00-17:00
Throwing something and feeding 1 time, rate 3-4% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 0.5-2.5 kilogram for each every mu.
May, select Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm), every day 17:00-18:00
Throwing something and feeding 1 time, rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 2-3 kilogram for each every mu.
June, select Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm), every day 17:00-18:00
Throwing something and feeding 1 time, rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, and now commercial sized prawn carries out wheel and catches listing, and in pond, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) is deposited pool amount and gradually decreases, every time
Throw something and feed 1-2 kilogram for every mu.
In July, enter shrimp culture summer and autumn, select Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 1# to expect (crude protein more than 40%, particle diameter 1.1mm),
Every afternoon, 17:00-18:00 threw something and fed 1 time, and rate 3-4% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 0.5-1 kilogram for each every mu.
In the first tenday period of a month in August, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 1# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 40%, particle diameter 1.1mm), every afternoon
17:00-18:00 throws something and feeds 1 time, and rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 1-2 kilogram for each every mu.
In the middle ten days mid-August-JIUYUE, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# is selected to expect (crude protein about 33%, particle diameter 1.6mm), every day
Afternoon, 17:00-18:00 threw something and fed 1 time, and rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 1.5-2.5 kilogram for each every mu.
In late September-October, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm), every afternoon
17:00-18:00 throws something and feeds 1 time, and rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 2-3 kilogram for each every mu.
Before and after November to spring, temperature is gradually reduced, and selects Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# to expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter
1.6mm), selecting water temperature fine day more than 10 DEG C, throw something and feed 1 time at 14:00-15:00, rate about 0.5% is raised in day throwing,
Throw something and feed 0.5-0.75 kilogram for each every mu.
Uniformly throw something and feed pellet along pond surrounding shoal, the pond area pond more than 5 mu, need in the middle of pond
A feedstuff feeding band of throwing something and feeding is increased on pasture and water.Concrete feedstuff feeding amount depending on the situation such as the ingesting of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), weather, water quality,
Arranging 2-3 food platform in pond surrounding, the residue situation of feedstuff on morning inspection food platform, if feedstuff has residue, then
Reduce feeding volume, otherwise, the most suitably increase feeding volume.
Described autumn breeding seedlings controls, and annual mid-August, shrimp entered mating period in autumn, great Liang Qiu then to mid-September
Numerous Seedling is full of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) master summer and autumn and supports pond so that pond carries shrimp amount abruptly increase, autumn breeding seedlings and the Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) seed contention growth put in a suitable place to breed
Space, bait, oxygen etc., had a strong impact on the fast-growth putting shrimp Seedling in a suitable place to breed.To this end, the present invention takes 3 technical measures
Control autumn breeding seedlings: one is the big specification Aristichthys nobilis 5-10 tail that in pond, set supports that specification is 0.5-0.75kg, a large amount of filter food Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) childrens
Body.Two is JIUYUE the middle ten days mid-August, by near for the crude protein content of pellet about 33% so that shrimp with ovums lacks
High-quality nutrition, reduces egg laying rate of red swamp and incubation rate, reduces autumn numerous Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) germling.Three is to open-mid-September mid-August, and minimizing is executed
Fertilizer, increases quantity of exchanged water, and increase pond transparency, to about 40cm, is discharged Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) germling, reduced pond natural bait biological,
Reduce the survival rate of autumn numerous germling.By above technical measures, reduce the quantum of output of autumn breeding seedlings, it is ensured that put the quick of shrimp Seedling in a suitable place to breed
Growth.
Described disease prevention is, according to the pathogenetic Seasonal fluctuation of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) disease, the present invention prevented according to month in good time,
Specific as follows:
In March, copper-bath of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reaches 0.2-0.3g/m3, the generation of prevention balantidiasis.
In April, full pool spilling head 1 sulphoxylic acid zinc solution, water body concentration reaches 0.3-0.6g/m3, the generation of prevention balantidiasis.
May-JIUYUE, a disinfection drug such as chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine of the most alternately splashing, every mu every meter pond uses two
Chlorine monoxid (8%) 150-200g, or every mu every meter use povidone iodine (1%) 200-300g, prevention gill rot, erythroderma,
The bacterial diseasees such as ulcer occur.
In October, solution of zinc sulfate of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reaches 0.3-0.6g/m3, prevents balantidiasis.
November, copper-bath of full pool spilling head, 0.2-0.3g/m3, thoroughly kills the set class cilium of shrimp body attachment
Worm, strengthens Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) body constitution, safe overwintering.
Described fishing for is, the present invention is divided into three phases to fish for commercial sized prawn, specific as follows:
First stage, cultivation Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) mid or late April then, put in a suitable place to breed into 600-800 tail/kilogram winter-spring season big
Specification shrimp Seedling, reaches commercial specification, utilizes cage to fish for listing, and by the end of April, all Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)s are fished on the dry pool, for Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) seed
Breeding and vacate special pond nursery pond, the commodity rate of this stage Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) reaches more than 80%.
Second stage, in the early June then of cultivation Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), puts in a suitable place to breed as 1000-2000 tail/little rule of kilogram winter-spring season
Lattice shrimp Seedling, reaches commercial specification, can use manually cut off in the middle ten days and the last ten days in May, after removing the too much waterweed in pond, adopt
Fishing for commercial sized prawn listing by cage, mid or late June, the dry pool is fished for all Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)s, is vacateed pond for shrimp culture summer and autumn simultaneously
The pool.The commodity rate of this stage Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) reaches more than 70%.
Three phases, in the 1-2 month in next year of shrimp culture, put in a suitable place to breed into 4000-6000 tail/kilogram shrimp Seedling in summer,
Reach commercial specification, can use manually cut off and reduce pond transparency to about 30cm, removing in the middle ten days and the last ten days in October
After the waterweed of pond, in the case of pond punching can be used to change water, unlatching aerator, cage is utilized to fish for.Or water temperature is at 0-5 DEG C
Time, use trawlnet, catch up with net fishing freshwater shrimps, do the pool to early Febuary in next year and fish for all Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)s, rise for winter-spring season shrimp culture
Go out cultivating pool.The commodity rate of this stage Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) reaches more than 50%.
Embodiment 1:
1, pond condition
Neighbouring Lake Nanyi, selects 4 mouthfuls of ponds, and area is respectively 2.5 mu, 3 mu, 2 mu, 3 mu, be denoted as respectively 1#,
2#, 3#, 4#, smooth at the bottom of pond, storing water 1.2-1.5m, slope is loam than 1:4, bed mud, has and perfect enters draining system
System, the ridge, the pool is clean and tidy, without weeds, outfit microporous pipeline oxygen supplement facility.Pond refer to as it is shown in figure 1, the sequence number in figure successively
It it is 1 pond.2 ridge, the pools.3 slopes (slope is than 1:3-5), 4 pasture and water, 5 aerators.6 oxygen supplement main pipelines.7 oxygen supplement flexible pipes
Road.8 nanometer aeration pipes.
2, clean up the pond
On June 20th, 2014, drain water, tan by the sun 15 days, shine and turn white at the bottom of pond, in polygon, at the bottom of the most smooth pool.
On July 5th, 2014,30cm of intaking, select tea seed cake 20 kilograms, after soaking 24 hours, full pool spilling head after slurrying for every mu,
Change water full pool spilling head, thoroughly remove pond wild fishes, Bellamya quadrata, finless eel and mud, Hirudo etc..
On January 26th, 2015, drain water, freeze solarization 15 days, shine and turn white at the bottom of pond, in polygon, at the bottom of the most smooth pool.
On February 11st, 2015,20cm of intaking, every mu of selection quick lime 100 kilograms, full pool spilling head after slurrying, the 2nd day, often
Mu uses 1 kilogram of copper sulfate, changes water full pool spilling head, thoroughly remove pond wild fishes, Bellamya quadrata, finless eel and mud, Hirudo,
Moss and fraction of pathogens body.
3, fertilising
On July 12nd, 2014,1# pond, full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer 125 kilograms, 2# pond, full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer 150
Kilogram, as base manure.
On February 18th, 2015,3# pond, full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer 200 kilograms, 4# pond, full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer 300
Kilogram, as base manure.
4, pasture and water are cultivated
On July 13rd, 2014, in the middle of long limit, 1#, 2# pond, transplant hydrilla verticillata trophosome, transplant every 10-15 rice
1 bundle, transplants 5-10 bundle for every mu, along with alive of pasture and water, growth, gradually adds deep water level to 0.8-1 rice.
On February 20th, 2015, in the middle of long limit, 3#, 4# pond, transplant waterweed trophosome, transplant Yi Le every 5-6 rice
Algae 1 is restrainted, and transplants 10-15 bundle for every mu, along with pasture and water live, growth, gradually add deep water level to 60-80cm.
Before pasture and water are transplanted, the bleaching powder soaking disinfection of use 10g,/m3 10 minutes.
5, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) seedling selection-breeding
In October, 2013, fish for peak period in conjunction with Lake Nanyi Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), from Lake Nanyi wild freshwater shrimp, choose specification
1000-1200 tail/kilogram 50 kilograms of wild freshwater shrimp seed, utilize special pond, 1# pond reinforced cultivating shrimp with ovums.2014 5
The 20-24 day moon, select to reach the big specification shrimp with ovums 20 kilograms of more than 5cm and the hero of long more than the 6cm of a small amount of body from 1# pond
Shrimp, is invested in 3# pond, carries out the nursery of special pond, on July 20th, 2014, through fishing for and adding up, breeds high-quality shrimp Seedling altogether
135 kilograms, average every mu of nursery 67.5 kilograms.
6, shrimp Seedling is put in a suitable place to breed
On July 20th, 2014,1# pond, put 35 kilograms of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) seed in a suitable place to breed.2# pond, puts 42 kilograms of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) seed in a suitable place to breed.
Throw in shrimp Seedling in summer 14 kilograms for average every mu.
On February 22nd, 2015,7.5 sieves are utilized commercial sized prawn and the shrimp Seedling of a length of for body more than 4.5cm to be separated, wherein commodity
Shrimp list marketing, shrimp Seedling re-uses 6.5 sieves by a length of for body 3.5-4.5cm (600-800 tail/kilogram) and a length of 3.5cm of body
The shrimp Seedling of (1000-2000 tail/kilogram) is separately below.Wherein big specification shrimp Seedling 40 kilograms is put in 3# pond in a suitable place to breed.4# is put in pond
Support small dimension shrimp Seedling 60 kilograms.Throw in shrimp Seedling 20 kilograms for every mu.Fig. 2 is shrimp screen cloth schematic diagram, shrimp screen cloth by 9 shrimps sieve and
10 sticking plasters are constituted.
7, water quality adjustment
In March, according to water quality fertilizer degree situation, imposing aminoacid Fertilizer water paste 2 times, each every mu uses 800g, regulates liquid manure
Degree, maintains transparency at about 30cm.
In April-May, every 10-15 days, 1 EM bacterium of full pool spilling head (water transfer is precious), each every mu of consumption was 1000-2000mL.
In 6-10 month, every 7-10 days, substrate modifier (removing toxic substances oxygen supplement at the bottom of change) is used alternatingly and organic acid antidote is (green
Water is pacified) 1 time, each every mu uses and changes 500-600g at the bottom of removing toxic substances oxygen supplement, and each every mu uses clear water peace 300-500g.?
Use and change at the bottom of removing toxic substances oxygen supplement or after clear water peace, the 2nd day, bacillus cereus of full pool spilling head (gold medal spore), every time
Every mu of consumption 30-50g.
April, May, refooted layer water 1 time every 10-15 days, and in June-October, refooted layer water 1 every 7-10 days
Secondary, change water about 5cm every time.
After April, every 15-20 days, quick lime of full pool spilling head, each consumption is 4 kilograms, increases water body calcium
Matter.
7,8, JIUYUE high temperature season, water-bed easily anoxia, according to weather, water quality situation, at Dissolved Oxygen in Water at 3mg/L
Time following, start microporous pipeline oxygen supplement facility, to pool oxygenation, maintain dissolved oxygen in fish pond at about 5mg/L, prevent because of
Bottom anoxia and cause down algae and pasture and water sudden death etc..
June-July, plum rain season, full pool spilling head VC stress the anti-stress medicine 2 times such as spirit, each every mu uses 200-300g.
8, pasture and water control
On October 20th, 2014, manually cutting off waterweed, every mu imposes aminoacid Fertilizer water paste 800g, increases pond fertilizer degree,
Control transparency about 30cm, use substrate modifier (changing at the bottom of removing toxic substances oxygen supplement) 1 time respectively at October 25, the most often
Mu uses 500-600g.October 26, bacillus cereus of full pond full pool spilling head (gold medal spore), each every mu of consumption
30-50g。
On May 20th, 2015, manually cutting off waterweed, every mu imposes amino acid amino acid Fertilizer water paste 800g, increases pond
Fertilizer degree, controls transparency about 30cm, May 25, uses organic acid antidote (clear water peace) 1 time, every time
Every mu uses 300-500g.May 26, bacillus cereus of full pond full pool spilling head (gold medal spore), each every mu of consumption
30-50g。
9, feedstuff feeding
In July, 2014, enter shrimp culture summer and autumn, select Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 1# to expect (crude protein more than 40%, grain
Footpath 1.1mm), every afternoon, 17:00-18:00 threw something and fed 1 time, and rate 3-4% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 0.5-1 kilogram for each every mu.
In the first tenday period of a month in August, 2014, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 1# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 40%, particle diameter 1.1mm), often
Afternoon 17:00-18:00 throws something and feeds 1 time, and rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 1-2 kilogram for each every mu
In the middle ten days in mid-August, 2014-JIUYUE, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# is selected to expect (crude protein about 33%, particle diameter 1.6mm),
Every afternoon, 17:00-18:00 threw something and fed 1 time, and rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 1.5-2.5 kilogram for each every mu.
In late September, 2014-October, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm),
Every afternoon, 17:00-18:00 threw something and fed 1 time, and rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 2-3 kilogram for each every mu.
Before and after in November, 2014 to spring, temperature is gradually reduced, selection Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# material (crude protein more than 36%,
Particle diameter 1.6mm), select the water temperature fine day higher than 10 DEG C, every day, 14:00-15:00 threw something and fed 1 time, throws day and raises rate 0.5% left side
The right side, throws something and feeds 0.5-0.75 kilogram for each every mu.
In February, 2015-mid-March, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 1# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 40%, particle diameter 1.1mm), choosing
Selecting the water temperature fine day higher than 10 DEG C, every day, 14:00-15:00 threw something and fed 1 time, and rate 1-1.5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds for each every mu
0.2-0.3 kilogram.
In late March, 2015, selects Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 1# to expect (crude protein more than 40%, particle diameter 1.1mm), every day
16:00-17:00, throws something and feeds 1 time, and rate 1.5-2% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 0.2-0.4 kilogram for each every mu.
In April, 2015, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm), every day
16:00-17:00 throws something and feeds 1 time, and rate 3-4% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 0.5-2.5 kilogram for each every mu.
In May, 2015, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm), every day
17:00-18:00 throws something and feeds 1 time, and rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 2-3 kilogram for each every mu.
In June, 2015, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm), every day
17:00-18:00 throws something and feeds 1 time, and rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, and now commercial sized prawn carries out wheel and catches listing, in pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) deposit pool amount by
The fewest, throw something and feed 1-2 kilogram for each every mu.
Uniformly throw something and feed pellet along pond surrounding shoal.Concrete feedstuff feeding is depending on the feelings such as the ingesting of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), weather, water quality
Depending on condition, arranging 2-3 food platform in pond surrounding, the residue situation of feedstuff on morning inspection food platform, if feedstuff has
Residue, then reduce feeding volume, otherwise, the most suitably increase feeding volume.
10, autumn breeding seedlings controls
On August 5th, 2014, every mu of big specification Aristichthys nobilis 8 tail throwing in specification 0.5-0.75kg.
20 days to 2014 August in 2014 on JIUYUE 10, by near for the crude protein content of pellet about 33%.
Strengthen quantity of exchanged water, increase pond transparency to about 40cm simultaneously.
11, disease prevention
In August, 2014-JIUYUE, a disinfection drug such as chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine of the most alternately splashing, every mu every meter pond
Pool use chlorine dioxide (8%) 100g, or every mu every meter use povidone iodine (available iodine 1%) 250g, prevention gill rot,
The bacterial disease such as erythroderma, ulcer occurs.
In October, 2014, solution of zinc sulfate of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reaches 0.4g/m3, prevents balantidiasis.
In November, 2014, copper-bath of full pool spilling head, 0.3g/m3, the set class thoroughly killing the attachment of shrimp body is fine
Caterpillar, strengthens Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) body constitution, safe overwintering.
In March, 2015, copper-bath of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reaches 0.2g/m3, sending out of prevention balantidiasis
Raw.
In April, 2015, monthly solution of zinc sulfate of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reaches 0.4g/m3, prevents balantidiasis
Generation.
In May, 2015-June, a disinfection drug such as chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine of the most alternately splashing, every mu every meter pond
Pool use chlorine dioxide (8%) 100g, or every mu every meter use povidone iodine (available iodine 1%) 250g, prevention gill rot,
The bacterial disease such as erythroderma, ulcer occurs.
12, fish for
On February 1st, 2015, use lobster basket, trawlnet and catch up with net to fish for commercial sized prawn listing, catching to the dry pool in 10 days February in next year
Dragging for all Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)s, 1#, 2# pond gathers in the crops Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) 520 kilograms, product Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) 94.5 kilograms per mu, the business of this stage Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) altogether
Product rate reaches 53%, and commercial sized prawn average size reaches 3.2g.
On April 20th, 2015, utilizing lobster basket to fish for the commercial sized prawn in 3# pond, on April 28th, 2015, institute is fished on the dry pool
Having Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), altogether results Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) 136 kilograms, product Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) 68 kilograms per mu, the commodity rate of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) reaches 82%, and commercial sized prawn is averagely advised
Lattice reach 2.9g.
On June 5th, 2015, cage is used to fish for the commercial sized prawn listing in 4# pond, on June 15th, 2015, the dry pool
Fishing for all Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)s, altogether results Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) 234 kilograms, product Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) shrimp 78 jin per mu, the commodity rate of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) reaches 71%, commercial sized prawn
Average size reaches 3.3g.
Embodiment 2:
1, pond condition
Neighbouring Gu Xi river, selects 4 mouthfuls of ponds, and area is respectively 5 mu, 4 mu, 4 mu, 6 mu, be denoted as respectively 1#, 2#,
3#, 4#, smooth at the bottom of pond, storing water 1.2-1.5m, slope is loam than 1:3, bed mud, has perfect culvert system,
The ridge, the pool is clean and tidy, without weeds, outfit microporous pipeline oxygen supplement facility.
2, clean up the pond
On June 14th, 2014, drain water, tan by the sun 20 days, shine and turn white at the bottom of pond, in polygon, at the bottom of the most smooth pool.
On July 4th, 2014,30cm of intaking, select tea seed cake 25 kilograms, after soaking 24 hours, full pool spilling head after slurrying for every mu,
Thoroughly remove pond wild fishes, Bellamya quadrata, finless eel and mud, Hirudo etc..
On January 25th, 2015, drain water, freeze solarization 20 days, shine and turn white at the bottom of pond, in polygon, at the bottom of the most smooth pool.
On February 15th, 2015,15cm of intaking, every mu of selection bleaching powder 14 kilograms, full pool spilling head after change water, second day, often
Mu uses 0.8 kilogram of copper sulfate, changes water full pool spilling head, thoroughly remove pond wild fishes, Bellamya quadrata, finless eel and mud, Hirudo,
Moss and fraction of pathogens body.
3, fertilising
On July 11st, 2014,1# full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer 300 kilograms.2# full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer 240 kilograms.As
Base manure.
On February 22nd, 2015,3# full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer 400 kilograms.3# full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer 600 kilograms.As
Base manure.
4, pasture and water are cultivated
On July 12nd, 2014, in the middle of pond, transplant hydrilla verticillata trophosome, transplant 1 bundle, every mu of shifting every 5-6 rice
Plant 8 bundles, along with alive of pasture and water, growth, gradually add deep water level to 0.8-1 rice.
On February 23rd, 2015, in the middle of long limit, transplant waterweed trophosome along pond, transplant waterweed 1 every 5-6 rice and restraint,
Transplant 15 bundles for every mu, along with pasture and water live, growth, gradually add deep water level to 60-80cm.
Before pasture and water are transplanted, the potassium permanganate soaking disinfection of use 20g,/m3 10 minutes.
5, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) seedling selection-breeding
In October, 2013, fish for peak period in conjunction with Gu Xi river Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), from the wild freshwater shrimp of Gu Xi river, choose specification
1000-1200 tail/kilogram 100 kilograms of wild freshwater shrimp seed, utilize special pond, 1# pond reinforced cultivating shrimp with ovums.2014
20-24 day in May, select to reach the big specification shrimp with ovums 40 kilograms of more than 5cm with long more than the 6cm's of a small amount of body from 1# pond
Male shrimp, is invested in 3# pond, carries out the nursery of special pond, on July 20th, 2014, through fishing for and adding up, breed high-quality shrimp altogether
Seedling 280 kilograms, average every mu of nursery 70 kilograms.
6, shrimp Seedling is put in a suitable place to breed
On July 20th, 2014,1# puts in pond 75 kilograms of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) seed in a suitable place to breed, and 2# puts in pond 60 kilograms of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) seed in a suitable place to breed, flat
Put 15 kilograms of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) seed in a suitable place to breed for all every mu.
On February 28th, 2015,7.5 sieves are utilized commercial sized prawn and the shrimp Seedling of a length of for body more than 4.5cm to be separated, wherein commodity
Shrimp list marketing, shrimp Seedling re-uses 6.5 sieves by a length of for body 3.5-4.5cm (600-800 tail/kilogram) and a length of 3.5cm of body
The shrimp Seedling of (1000-2000 tail/kilogram) separately, wherein put in a suitable place to breed and reach specification shrimp Seedling 72 kilograms, 4# pond by 3# pond below
Put small dimension shrimp Seedling 108 kilograms in a suitable place to breed, throw in shrimp Seedling 18 kilograms for every mu.
7, water quality adjustment
In March, according to water quality fertilizer degree situation, imposing aminoacid Fertilizer water paste 2 times, each every mu uses 800g, regulates liquid manure
Degree, maintains transparency at about 30cm.
In April-May, every 10-15 days, 1 EM bacterium of full pool spilling head (EM gold bacterium), each every mu of consumption was 1000mL.
In June-October, every 7-10 days, use substrate modifier (removing toxic substances oxygen supplement at the bottom of change) and organic acid are used alternatingly
Antidote (clear water peace) 1 time, changes 500-600g at the bottom of each every mu of use removing toxic substances oxygen supplement, each every mu uses clear water peace
300-500g.And change at the bottom of removing toxic substances oxygen supplement or after clear water peace using, the 2nd day full pond bacillus cereus of alternately splashing (surpasses
Concentrate bacillus cereus), each every mu of consumption 20-25g.
April, May, refooted layer water 1 time every 10-15 days, and in June-October, refooted layer water 1 every 7-10 days
Secondary, change water about 5cm every time.
After April, every 15-20 days, quick lime of full pool spilling head, each consumption 4 kilograms, increase water body calcareous.
7,8, JIUYUE high temperature season, water-bed easily anoxia, according to weather, water quality situation, at Dissolved Oxygen in Water at 3mg/L
Time following, open microporous pipeline oxygen supplement, maintain dissolved oxygen in fish pond at 5mg/L, prevent from causing down algae and water because of bottom anoxia
Grass sudden death etc..
June-July, plum rain season, full pool spilling head VC stress the anti-stress medicine 2 times such as spirit, each every mu uses 200-300g.
8, pasture and water control
On October 22nd, 2014, manually cutting off waterweed, every mu imposes aminoacid Fertilizer water paste 800g, increases pond fertilizer degree,
Control transparency about 30cm, use organic acid antidote (clear water peace) 1 time October 26, every mu of use
300-500g, October 27, alternately splashed a bacillus cereus (ultra concentration bacillus cereus) in full pond, each every mu of use
Amount 20-25g.
On May 18th, 2015, manually cutting off waterweed, every mu imposes aminoacid Fertilizer water paste 800g, increases pond fertilizer degree,
Control transparency about 30cm, use organic acid antidote (clear water peace) 1 time May 24, each every mu of use
300-500g, May 25, alternately splashed an EM bacterium (EM gold bacterium) in full pond, each every mu of consumption 1000mL.
9, feedstuff feeding
In July, 2014, enter shrimp culture summer and autumn, select Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 1# to expect (crude protein more than 40%, grain
Footpath 1.1mm), every afternoon, 17:00-18:00 threw something and fed 1 time, and rate 3-4% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 0.5-1 kilogram for each every mu.
In the first tenday period of a month in August, 2014, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 1# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 40%, particle diameter 1.1mm), often
Afternoon 17:00-18:00 throws something and feeds 1 time, and rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 1-2 kilogram for each every mu
In the middle ten days in mid-August, 2014-JIUYUE, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# is selected to expect (crude protein about 33%, particle diameter 1.6mm),
Every afternoon, 17:00-18:00 threw something and fed 1 time, and rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 1.5-2.5 kilogram for each every mu.
In mid-September, 2014-November, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm),
Every afternoon, 17:00-18:00 threw something and fed 1 time, and rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 2-3 kilogram for each every mu.
Before and after in November, 2014 to spring, temperature is gradually reduced, selection Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# material (crude protein more than 36%,
Particle diameter 1.6mm), select the water temperature fine day higher than 10 DEG C, every day, 14:00-15:00 threw something and fed 1 time, throws day and raises rate 0.5% left side
The right side, throws something and feeds 0.5-0.75 kilogram for each every mu.
In February, 2015-mid-March, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 1# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 40%, particle diameter 1.1mm),
At the noon of fine day, when temperature is higher than 10 DEG C, every day, 14:00-15:00 threw something and fed 1 time, and day throwing raises rate 1-1.5%, every time
Throw something and feed 0.2-0.3 kilogram for every mu.
In late March, 2015, selects Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 1# to expect (crude protein more than 40%, particle diameter 1.1mm), every day
16:00-17:00, throws something and feeds 1 time, and rate 1.5-2% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 0.2-0.4 kilogram for each every mu.
In April, 2015, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm), every day
16:00-17:00 throws something and feeds 1 time, and rate 3-4% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 0.5-2.5 kilogram for each every mu.
In month, 2015, select Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm), every day 17:00-18:00
Throwing something and feeding 1 time, rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, throws something and feeds 2-3 kilogram for each every mu.
In June, 2015, Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) pellet 2# is selected to expect (crude protein more than 36%, particle diameter 1.6mm), every day
17:00-18:00 throws something and feeds 1 time, and rate 4-5% is raised in day throwing, and now commercial sized prawn carries out wheel and catches listing, in pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) deposit pool amount by
The fewest, throw something and feed 1-2 kilogram for each every mu.
Uniformly throw something and feed pellet along pond surrounding shoal.Concrete feedstuff feeding is depending on the feelings such as the ingesting of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), weather, water quality
Depending on condition, arranging 2-3 food platform in pond surrounding, the residue situation of feedstuff on morning inspection food platform, if feedstuff has
Residue, then reduce feeding volume, otherwise, the most suitably increase feeding volume.
10, autumn breeding seedlings controls
On August 5th, 2014, every mu of big specification Aristichthys nobilis 10 tail throwing in specification 0.5-0.75kg.
20 days to 2014 August in 2014 on JIUYUE 10, by near for the crude protein content of pellet about 33%.
Strengthen quantity of exchanged water, increase pond transparency to about 40cm simultaneously.
11, disease prevention
In August, 2014-JIUYUE, a disinfection drug such as chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine of the most alternately splashing, every mu every meter pond
Pool use chlorine dioxide (8%) 100g, or every mu every meter use povidone iodine (available iodine 1%) 250g, prevention gill rot,
The bacterial disease such as erythroderma, ulcer occurs.
In October, 2014, solution of zinc sulfate of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reaches 0.4g/m3, prevents balantidiasis.
In November, 2014, copper-bath of full pool spilling head, 0.3g/m3, the set class thoroughly killing the attachment of shrimp body is fine
Caterpillar, strengthens Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) body constitution, safe overwintering.
In March, 2015, copper-bath of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reaches 0.2g/m3, sending out of prevention balantidiasis
Raw.
In April, 2015, monthly solution of zinc sulfate of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reaches 0.4g/m3, prevents balantidiasis
Generation.
In May, 2015-June, a disinfection drug such as chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine of the most alternately splashing, every mu every meter pond
Pool use chlorine dioxide (8%) 100g, or every mu every meter use povidone iodine (available iodine 1%) 250g, prevention gill rot,
The bacterial disease such as erythroderma, ulcer occurs.
12, fish for
On February 1st, 2015, use lobster basket, trawlnet and catch up with net to fish for commercial sized prawn listing, catching to the dry pool in 10 days February in next year
Dragging for all Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)s, 1#, 2# pond gathers in the crops Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) 765 kilograms, product Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) 85 kilograms per mu, the commodity of this stage Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) altogether
Rate reaches 56%, and commercial sized prawn average size reaches 3.3g.
On April 22nd, 2015, utilizing lobster basket to fish for the commercial sized prawn in 3# pond, on April 28th, 2015, institute is fished on the dry pool
Having Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), altogether results Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) 248 kilograms, product Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) 62 kilograms per mu, the commodity rate of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) reaches 86%, and commercial sized prawn is averagely advised
Lattice reach 3.0g.
On June 7th, 2015, cage is used to fish for the commercial sized prawn listing in 4# pond, on June 15th, 2015, the dry pool
Fishing for all Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)s, altogether results Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) 456 kilograms, product Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) shrimp 76 jin per mu, the commodity rate of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) reaches 72%, commercial sized prawn
Average size reaches 3.2g.
Claims (9)
1. one kind is improved pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and the cultural method of commodity rate, it is characterised in that: carry out as follows:
Step 1: in cultivation Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) February then, carry out cleaning up the pond and plant tolerance to cold pasture and water；
Step 2: after completing to plant tolerance to cold pasture and water, throw in winter-spring season shrimp Seedling；With body long 3.5cm/ tail for distinguishing standard, will
Winter-spring season shrimp Seedling is divided into 2 kinds of specifications: body length is less than the winter-spring season shrimp Seedling of 3.5cm/ tail, the winter-spring season shrimp of body long 3.5-4.5cm/ tail
Seedling；Select the fine day of water temperature 10 DEG C, throw in shrimp feed；Fertilizer water paste is utilized to topdress to pond；
Step 3: in April, carries out, to pond, refoot a layer water, quick lime of splashing, and throws in shrimp feed to pond, and carry out
The first time of Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) fishes for listing；It is to grow up to by the winter-spring season shrimp Seedling of body long 3.5-4.5cm/ tail that the first time of described Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) fishes for
The fishing for of finished product shrimp；
Step 4: in May, carries out, to pond, layer water that refoots, quick lime of splashing, substrate modifier, organic acid antidote,
And shrimp feed is thrown in pond；The second time carrying out Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) at the end of May fishes for listing；The second time of described Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) fish for be to by
Fishing for of the finished product shrimp that body length grows up to less than winter-spring season shrimp Seedling more than 3.5cm/ tail；
Step 5: in June, along with winter-spring season cultivation shrimp has been fished for, enters shrimp culture preparatory stage summer and autumn, to pond
Cleaning up the pond in the pool, and plants high temperature resistant pasture and water；
Step 6: after completing to plant high temperature resistant pasture and water, throws in the shrimp Seedling bred summer；Throw in shrimp feed；Refoot layer to pond
Water, quick lime of splashing, be used alternatingly substrate modifier, organic acid antidote；When dissolved oxygen in fish pond is at below 3mg/L, to
Pool oxygenation；
Step 7: in August, carries out layer water that refoots, and splash to pond quick lime, substrate modifier, organic acid to pond
Antidote, shrimp feed；When dissolved oxygen in fish pond is at below 3mg/L, to pool oxygenation；
Step 8: in JIUYUE, carry out, to pond, layer water that refoots, substrate modifier of splashing, organic acid antidote, quick lime,
Throw in shrimp feed；When dissolved oxygen in fish pond is at below 3mg/L, to pool oxygenation；
Step 9: in October, throws in shrimp feed；Substrate modifier, organic acid antidote are used alternatingly；
Step 10: at 11 to December, the fine day that selection water temperature is more than 10 DEG C, throw in shrimp feed；
Step 11: in the 1-2 month in next year, the Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) in pond is all fished for listing.
The most according to claim 1 a kind of improve pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and the cultural method of commodity rate, it is characterised in that: tool
Body implementation is as follows:
Step 1: carry out cleaning up the pond and plant tolerance to cold pasture and water；Particularly as follows:
First, in cultivation Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) February then, pond is carried out the solarization pool no less than 10 days；
Secondly, intake to pond so that pond water is as deep as 10-30cm, and selects quick lime, bleaching powder, copper sulfate or tea
The dregs of rice, i.e. clean up the pond；
After cleaning up the pond 7 days, continue to intake to pond so that pond water is as deep as 30-50cm, and bio-fertilizer of uniformly splashing to pond
As base manure, i.e. carry out rich water；
After completing the rich water described in this step the 2nd day, plants tolerance to cold pasture and water in pond；
Step 2: throw in winter-spring season shrimp Seedling；
In the March of the plantation tolerance to cold pasture and water to this year completing step 1, by the standard of 15-20 kg/acre to pond input
Winter-spring season shrimp Seedling；
Described winter-spring season shrimp Seedling divides 2 kinds of specifications: the specification below the specification of body long 3.5-4.5cm/ tail and body a length of 3.5cm/ tail；
Wherein, corresponding " tail kilogram " ratio of the winter-spring season shrimp Seedling of body a length of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail specification is 600-800 tail/public affairs
Jin；
The winter-spring season shrimp Seedling of body a length of 3.5cm/ following specification of tail corresponding " tail kilogram " than be 1000-2000 tail/kilogram；
By the shrimp Seedling separately cultivation with body a length of 3.5cm/ following specification of tail of a length of for body 3.5-4.5cm/ tail；
Select the fine day that water temperature reaches 10 DEG C, throw in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 40%；
Fertilizer water paste is utilized to topdress to pond；
Step 3: in April, every 10-15 days, is carried out 1 time refooting a layer water to pond, and when changing water, quantity of exchanged water is every time
5cm；And 1 EM bacterium microbial ecological agent of splashing to pond；In April, every 15-20 days, a calculogenesis of splashing to pond
Ash, the consumption of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms；In April, throw in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 36%；In April
The middle ten days and the last ten days, utilize cage that the Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) grown up to by the winter-spring season shrimp Seedling of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail specification is fished for listing, by the end of April, the dry pool
Fish for all Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan)s；
Step 4: in May, every 10-15 days, is carried out 1 time refooting a layer water to pond, and when changing water, quantity of exchanged water is every time
5cm；In May, every 15-20 days, a quick lime of splashing to pond, the consumption of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms；
In May, every 15-20 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic acid antidote are used alternatingly, use substrate modifier or
The 2nd day of organic acid antidote, EM bacterium microbial ecological agent of splashing to pond；In May, throw in crude protein to pond every day and contain
Amount shrimp feed more than 36%；In late May, use the tolerance to cold pasture and water that the mode manually cut off is removed in pond, and adopt
Fish for commercial sized prawn listing by cage, to mid or late June, do the pool, fish for and list by the winter of the body long 3.5cm/ following specification of tail
The Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) that spring, shrimp Seedling grew up to；
Step 5: in June, enters shrimp culture stage summer and autumn, cleans up the pond pond and pasture and water are mended and plant, specifically include:
First, pond is carried out the solarization pool no less than 10 days；
Secondly, after shining the pool, intake to pond so that pond water level reaches 30cm, and selects tea seed cake to clean up the pond；
After cleaning up the pond 7 days, continue to intake to pond so that pond water level reaches 30-50cm, and bio-fertilizer conduct of splashing to pond
Base manure, i.e. carries out rich water；
After completing the rich water described in step 5 the 2nd day, plants high temperature resistant pasture and water in pond；
Step 6: the mid-July in the high temperature resistant pasture and water of plantation to this year completing step 5:
Throw in the shrimp Seedling bred summer to pond by the standard of 10-15 kg/acre；Corresponding " the tail of the shrimp Seedling that described summer breeds
Kilogram " than be 4000-6000 tail/kilogram；
Throw in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 40%；
Every 7-10 days, changing the bottom water 1 time in pond, each quantity of exchanged water is 5cm；
Every 15-20 days, the quick lime of 1 time of splashing to pond, the consumption of quick lime controlled within 5 kilograms；
Every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic acid antidote are used alternatingly, are using substrate modifier or organic acidolysis
The 2nd day of toxic agent, 1 microecological bacillus preparation of splashing to pond；
When dissolved oxygen in fish pond is less than 3mg/L, open the microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment being connected with pond, to pool oxygenation；
Step 7: in August, every 7-10 days, is carried out 1 time refooting a layer water to pond, and when changing water, quantity of exchanged water is 5cm every time；
In August, every 15-20 days, a quick lime of splashing to pond, the consumption of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms；
In August, every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic acid antidote are used alternatingly, are using substrate modifier
Or after organic acid antidote, 1 microecological bacillus preparation of splashing to pond for the 2nd day；
In the first tenday period of a month in August, throw in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 40%；In the middle ten days and the last ten days in August, change into throwing in thick egg
Bai Hanliang shrimp feed more than 33%；
In August, when dissolved oxygen in fish pond is less than 3mg/L, open pond microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, to pool oxygenation；
Step 8: in JIUYUE, every 7-10 days, is carried out 1 time refooting a layer water to pond, and when changing water, quantity of exchanged water is 5cm every time；
In JIUYUE, every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic acid antidote are used alternatingly, are using substrate modifier
Or after organic acid antidote, 1 microecological bacillus preparation of splashing to pond for the 2nd day；
In JIUYUE, every 15-20 days, a quick lime of splashing to pond, the consumption of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms；
In JIUYUE the first tenday period of a month, throw in the shrimp feed that crude protein content is about 33%；Mid or late September, change into throwing in crude protein content
Shrimp feed more than 36%；
In JIUYUE, when dissolved oxygen in fish pond is less than 3mg/L, open pond microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, to pool oxygenation；
Step 9: in October, throws in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 36%；
In October, every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic acid antidote are used alternatingly, are using substrate improvement
After agent or organic acid antidote, 1 microecological bacillus preparation of splashing to pond for the 2nd day；
Step 10: at 11 to December, select the fine day of water temperature 10 DEG C, throw in crude protein content shrimp feed more than 36%；
Step 11: in the 1-2 month in next year, uses fishing tool, the Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) in pond is fished for listing；Described fishing tool
Including trawlnet, catch up with net, cage.
The most according to claim 2 a kind of improve pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and the cultural method of commodity rate, it is characterised in that: step
The shrimp Seedling that winter-spring season shrimp Seedling described in rapid 2, the summer described in step 6 breed is that F1 and F2 by wild freshwater shrimp selection-breeding is for shrimp Seedling.
The most according to claim 2 a kind of improve pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and the cultural method of commodity rate, it is characterised in that: shine
The time on the pool is 20 days.
The most according to claim 2 a kind of improve pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and the cultural method of commodity rate, it is characterised in that:
7 to JIUYUE, after running into vile weather, anti-stress medicine of need to splashing to pond；Described vile weather is heavy rain, cool winds
Weather；Described anti-stress medicine is Vc, Ve and stress multidimensional medicament.
The most according to claim 2 a kind of improve pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and the cultural method of commodity rate, it is characterised in that:
Mid-August to mid-September, as follows control Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) quantity:
One is the big specification Variegated that shrimp culture summer and autumn pond set supports that specification is 0.5-0.75kg, and 5-10 tail supported by every mu of set；
Two is that pellet crude protein content is reduced to 33%；
Three is to reduce fertilising, strengthens quantity of exchanged water, increase pond transparency to 40cm.
The most according to claim 2 a kind of improve pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and the cultural method of commodity rate, it is characterised in that:
March, April, October and November, the medicament of prevention ciliate disease of splashing to pond.
The most according to claim 2 a kind of improve pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and the cultural method of commodity rate, it is characterised in that:
5 to JIUYUE, monthly replaces splash to pond chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine, prevents Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) bacterial disease medicament.
The most according to claim 2 a kind of improve pond Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) commercial specification and the cultural method of commodity rate, it is characterised in that: EM
Bacterium and the disinfectant such as microecological bacillus preparation and chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine, quick lime use time interval more than 5 days.
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| CN106818575A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-06-13 | 河北省海洋与水产科学研究院 | A kind of bait feeding method for improving freshwater shrimp batch production seed rearing survival rate |
| CN111466331A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-31 | 中国水产科学研究院 | Artificial ecological pond culture method and device for freshwater shrimps |
| CN117256533A (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-12-22 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for large-scale seed production of Babylonia |
| CN117256533B (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2024-04-05 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for large-scale seed production of Babylonia |
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