CN105994026B - A kind of cultural method improving freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method improving freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cultural method for improving pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate, comprising: cleans up the pond and plant cold resistance water plant；Launch winter-spring season shrimp seedling；The first time for carrying out freshwater shrimp catches listing；Carry out second of fishing listing of freshwater shrimp；It cleans up the pond pond, and plants high temperature resistant water plant；Launch the shrimp seedling of summer breeding；Layer water that refoots is carried out to pond, and is splashed quick lime, substrate modifier, organic antidote to pond；When dissolved oxygen in fish pond is in 3mg/L or less, to pool oxygenation；Substrate modifier, organic antidote is used alternatingly, and by the freshwater shrimp in pond, all fishing is listed.Beneficial technical effect: the present invention cultivates from regulating and controlling water quality, shrimp seedling stocking model, water plant, Feed selection and feeds, catch etc. and carry out technological innovation, the load shrimp density for maintaining pond suitable, raising freshwater shrimp survival rate.Technical measures through the invention, unit net profit are 2-4 times of tradition cultivation up to 5000-8000 member.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Freshwater shrimps cultural methods, and in particular to a kind of freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate of improving
Cultural method.
Background technique
Freshwater shrimp, scientific name Macrobrachium nipponensis (Macrobrachium nipponense) also known as river prawn, be under the jurisdiction of Palaemonidae,
Pond crayfish category.It is distributed mainly on China, Japan, the Korea peninsula, Vietnam, Malaysia and the Far-east Area of Russia in Asia, in recent years
Come, is gradually diffused into the ground such as Singapore, Philippine, Uzbekistan, southern Iraq, Moldova, Kazak and Iran.At me
State, freshwater shrimp are distributed widely in all parts of the country, and especially most with East China and South China, main producing region is distributed mainly on the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River
The ground such as Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shanghai.The shrimp fine and tender taste, meat flavour is delicious, full of nutrition, gross protein value
15-19%, fatty 1.2-2% belong to high protein and low fat food, and are rich in calcareous and multivitamin, deep by the majority of consumers
Favor, the especially good merchantable brand of replenishing the calcium of old man, children, are one of main economic freshwater shrimps in China.In China, in the 1950s,
Zhejiang, the Jiangsu of the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River start to carry out shrimp culture work, have extended to Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hubei, river at present
18 provinces (city) such as west, Shanghai, Hunan, Guangxi, Henan and Shandong, about 5,000,000 mu of shrimp culture total scale, according to fishery in 2014
Yearbook is announced, and national shrimp culture yield is up to 251149 tons.China freshwater shrimp master supports mode and mainly has at present, the double season masters of pond freshwater shrimp
The mode of supporting, seedling one season of pond, commercial sized prawn aquaculture model one season and seedling one season of pond, commercial sized prawn aquaculture model two seasons, year cultured output
It is 100-150 kilograms, freshwater shrimp is averaged commodity rate 30% hereinafter, commercial sized prawn average size 2.5g or so, the commercial sized prawn of the specification
The market price 70-100 member/kilogram, shrimp seedling market price 40-50 member/kilogram, only 2000 yuan or so of profit per acre.It is green at present
Shrimp master supports mode, and there are many defects, restrict the further promotion of shrimp culture specification and commodity rate, are mainly presented with: first is that
Freshwater shrimp closes cultivation throughout the year, and through for many generations inbred, Low market efficiency, germplasm is degenerated seriously, research has shown that, pond culture at present
Freshwater shrimp commercial sized prawn 0.35g or more low compared with lake breeding first filial generation average size is low compared with the freshwater shrimp new varieties average size of Taihu Lake 1
0.42g or more.Second is that in breeding process, new pool difficulty rich water, moss breeds, old man due to the rich water, the water transfer method that lack science
Difficult water transfer, blue algae bloom dissolve hypoxgia, frequently algae, water plant is dead and ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, sulfide etc. it is physical and chemical because
Son is exceeded etc., and feed coefficient is caused to increase, commodity rate decline, and freshwater shrimp is stolen dead serious, and commodity is poor, and unit cultured output is low,
Economic benefit downslide etc..Third is that shrimp seedling breeding with the arrangement of commercial sized prawn culturing time there are unreasonable, cultivating pool cleans up the pond, shine the pool,
Time of rest and reorganization is insufficient, causes often to occur water quality difficulty tune in breeding process, pathogen breeds, disease takes place frequently, and freshwater shrimp is stolen dead tight
Weight, survival rate is low, and cultured output is low.Fourth is that lacking effective control method to autumn breeding seedlings, cause Qiu Miao more, it is empty to tie up cultivation
Between and food resource, lead to freshwater shrimp slow growth, commodity rate is lower.Fifth is that waterweed regulation lacks science, waterweed is blueness
Shrimp aquaculture often uses water plant, but the difficult control of summer waterweed overgrowing, often results in the decline of pond fertilizer degree, pond pH value is higher, and waterweed is not
High temperature resistant, hypoxemia, the normal die by visitation of God of water plant cause water quality to deteriorate suddenly, and make troubles to freshwater shrimp fishing.Sixth is that part is green
Shrimp main producing region carries out medicine using pyrethroids class highly toxic pesticide and catches, both threatened commodity freshwater shrimp food to pursue fishery output and efficiency
Safety, and serious damage winter-spring season shrimp seedling, cause winter-spring season shrimp culture success rate low.Therefore, it is necessary to from freshwater shrimp Genetic improvement,
Regulating and controlling water quality, water plant regulation, precisely feeds, catch etc. and carry out technological innovation shrimp seedling stocking model, and raising freshwater shrimp commodity are advised
Lattice and commodity rate improve the market price, and then further increase unit-economy benefit.
Summary of the invention
Present invention seek to address that traditional pond master supports the defect of freshwater shrimp method, a kind of raising pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification is provided
And the cultural method of commodity rate.The present invention is specific as follows:
A kind of cultural method improving pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate, carries out as follows:
Step 1: in 2 months of cultivation freshwater shrimp current year, being cleaned up the pond and planted cold resistance water plant.
Step 2: after completing to plant cold resistance water plant, launching winter-spring season shrimp seedling.Using the long 3.5cm/ tail of body as differentiation standard,
Winter-spring season shrimp seedling is divided into 2 kinds of specifications: the winter-spring season shrimp of the long winter-spring season shrimp seedling for being less than 3.5cm/ tail of body, 3.5-4.5cm/ tail
Seedling.The fine day of 10 DEG C of water temperature of selection or more, launches shrimp feed on a small quantity.Pond top dressing is given using amino acids Fertilizer water paste.
Step 3: in April, refoot to pond, (preferred brand has: water transfer for a layer water, quick lime of splashing, EM bacterium
It is precious), shrimp feed is launched daily, and carries out the first time fishing listing of freshwater shrimp.The first time fishing of the freshwater shrimp is to long by body
The fishing for the finished product shrimp that winter-spring season shrimp seedling more than 3.5-4.5cm/ tail grows up to.
Step 4: in May, carry out layer water that refoots to pond, quick lime of splashing, substrate modifier (preferred brand has:
Removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom changes), organic antidote (preferred brand has: clear water peace), EM bacterium, feed shrimp feed daily.At the end of May into
Second of fishing of row freshwater shrimp lists.Second of fishing of the freshwater shrimp is to by the long winter-spring season for being less than 3.5cm/ tail or more of body
The fishing for the finished product shrimp that shrimp seedling grows up to.
Step 5: in June, catches and complete with winter-spring season cultivation shrimp, it is right into shrimp culture preparation stage summer and autumn
Pond is cleaned up the pond, and reseeds high temperature resistant water plant.
Step 6:7 month launches the shrimp seedling of summer breeding after completing to plant high temperature resistant water plant.Shrimp feed is launched daily.
Refoot a layer water, quick lime of splashing to pond, substrate modifier, organic antidote be used alternatingly, using substrate modifier or
After organic antidote, the 2nd day microecological bacillus preparation of splashing (preferred brand has: gold medal gemma).Work as dissolved oxygen
When lower than 3mg/L, and to pool oxygenation.
Step 7: in August part, refoot a layer water to pond, quick lime of splashing, substrate modifier, organic antidote, daily
Feed shrimp feed.After using substrate modifier or organic antidote, the 2nd day microecological bacillus preparation of splashing, when
When dissolved oxygen is lower than 3mg/L, and to pool oxygenation.
Step 8: in September part, layer water that refoots is carried out to pond, substrate modifier of splashing, organic antidote, quick lime,
After using substrate modifier or organic antidote, the 2nd day microecological bacillus preparation of splashing feeds shrimp feeding daily
Material.When dissolved oxygen is lower than 3mg/L, to pool oxygenation.
Step 9: in October, launching shrimp feed.Substrate modifier, organic antidote is used alternatingly, is using substrate
After modifying agent or organic antidote, the 2nd day microecological bacillus preparation of splashing.
Step 10: 11 to December, selecting 10 DEG C of water temperature or more of fine day, launch a small amount of shrimp feed.
Step 11: in the 1-2 month in next year, by all fishing listings of the freshwater shrimp in pond.
Furtherly, above-mentioned cultural method, specific as follows:
Step 1: being cleaned up the pond and planted cold resistance water plant.Specifically:
Firstly, selecting continuous fair weather in 2 months of cultivation freshwater shrimp current year, draining water, carry out no less than 10 to pond
It the solarization pool shines to bottom of pond and whitens, and is in polygon.
Secondly, put before shrimp seedling 10 days, intake to pond, so that pond water is as deep as 10-30cm, and selects quick lime, bleaching
Powder, copper sulphate or tea seed cake, that is, clean up the pond.
It after cleaning up the pond 7 days, intakes to pond, so that pond water is as deep as 30-50cm, and bio-fertilizer work of uniformly splashing to pond
For base manure, i.e. progress rich water.
The 2nd day after completing rich water described in this step, cold resistance water plant is planted in pond.The cold resistance water
Grass is waterweed.
Step 2: launching winter-spring season shrimp seedling.
The plantation cold resistance water plant of step 1 is completed to the March in the year, by 15-20 kgs/acre of standard to pond
Launch winter-spring season shrimp seedling.
2 kinds of specifications of the winter-spring season shrimp seedling point: a length of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail of body and 3.5cm/ tail specification below.
Wherein, corresponding to the winter-spring season shrimp seedling of a length of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail specification of body " tail-kilogram " than be 600-800 tail/
Kilogram.
" tail-kilogram " ratio corresponding to the winter-spring season shrimp seedling of a length of following specification of 3.5cm/ tail of body is 1000-2000 tail/public affairs
Jin.
By a length of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail of body and the following shrimp seedling of 3.5cm/ tail, individually cultivation is separated.I.e. by pond be divided into 2 with
On culturing area, or with 2 or more pond, the shrimp seedling of different size is invested in different breeding region/pond and is carried out
Individually cultivation.
The fine day of 10 DEG C of water temperature of selection or more launches shrimp feed of the crude protein content 40% or more.The crude protein contains
Measure 40% or more shrimp feed partial size in 1.1mm or so.
Pond top dressing is given using Fertilizer water paste.The Fertilizer water paste is amino acids.The liquid manure degree in pond is adjusted, and remains transparent
Degree is in 30cm.
Step 3: in April, every 10-15 days, carrying out the 1 layer water that refoots to pond, when changing water every time, quantity of exchanged water is
5cm.And splash EM bacterium probiotics to pond (preferred brand has: water regulating agent).The EM bacterium probiotics are lactic acid
Probiotics made of the beneficial microbes mixed fermentation such as bacillus, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria.
In April, every 15-20 days, quick lime spilled once to pond, the dosage of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms.
In April, shrimp feed of the crude protein content 36% or more is launched.Shrimp of the crude protein content 36% or more
The partial size of feed is 1.6mm.In mid or late April, will be grown up to by the winter-spring season shrimp seedling of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail specification using cage
Freshwater shrimp fishing listing does the pool and catches all freshwater shrimps by the end of April.
Step 4: in May, every 10-15 days, carry out changing water 1 time to pond, when changing water every time, quantity of exchanged water 5cm.
In May, every 15-20 days, quick lime spilled once to pond, the dosage of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms.
In May, every 15-20 days, be used alternatingly 1 substrate modifier (preferred brand has: removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom change),
Organic antidote (preferred brand has: clear water peace), and after using substrate modifier or organic antidote, full pond is sprinkled
Spill 1 EM bacterium (preferred brand has: water regulating agent).
In May, shrimp feed of the crude protein content 36% or more is launched to pond daily, the crude protein content exists
The partial size of 36% or more shrimp feed is 1.6mm.
In late May, using the cold resistance water plant manually cut off in pond.Preferential cold resistance water plant is for she in the present invention
Happy algae, therefore use and manually cut off excessive waterweed, and using cage fishing commercial sized prawn listing, until mid or late June, does pool fishing
And list the freshwater shrimp grown up to by the winter-spring season shrimp seedling of the following specification of 3.5cm/ tail.
Step 5: in early June, launching shrimp feed of the crude protein content 36% or more, the crude protein to pond daily
Content is 1.6mm in the partial size of 36% or more shrimp feed.
In mid-June, pond preparation stage for being cultivated into summer and autumn:
Firstly, carrying out the no less than 10 days solarization pools to pond.
Secondly, intaking after shining the pool to pond, so that pond water level reaches 30cm, tea seed cake is selected to clean up the pond, use tea per acre
15-20 kilograms of the dregs of rice, after impregnating 24 hours, full pool spilling head thoroughly removes the enemy such as pond wild fishes, spiral shell, finless eel and mud, leech
Evil.
After cleaning up the pond 7 days, bio-fertilizer is splashed as base manure, i.e. progress rich water to pond.
The 2nd day after completing rich water described in step 5, high temperature resistant water plant is planted in pond.The high temperature resistant water plant,
For hydrilla verticillata.With hydrilla verticillata living, gradually deepen water level to 0.8-1 meters.
Step 6: the plantation high temperature resistant water plant of step 5 is completed to the mid-July in the year:
The shrimp seedling of summer breeding is launched to pond by 10-15 kgs/acre of standard.Corresponding to the shrimp seedling of the summer breeding
" tail-kilogram " than be 4000-6000 tail/kilogram.
Launch shrimp feed of the crude protein content 40% or more.
Every 7-10 days, bottom water 1 time for changing pond, each quantity of exchanged water was 5cm.
It every 15-20 days, splashes 1 quick lime to pond, the dosage of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms.
Every 15-20 days, 1 substrate modifier (preferred brand has: removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom changes), organic acidolysis is used alternatingly
Toxic agent (preferred brand has: clear water peace).And after using substrate modifier or organic antidote, 1 bud of full pool spilling head
Spore bacillus class probiotics (preferred brand has: gold medal gemma).
When dissolved oxygen in fish pond is lower than 3mg/L, unlatching pond microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, to pool oxygenation.
Step 7: in August part, every 7-10 days, refoot layer water 1 time to pond, when changing water every time, quantity of exchanged water is
5cm。
In August part, every 15-20 days, quick lime spilled once to pond, the dosage of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms.
In August part, every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier (removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom changes), organic antidote is used alternatingly
(preferred brand has: clear water peace).And after using substrate modifier or organic antidote, 1 bud of the 2nd day full pool spilling head
Spore bacillus class probiotics (preferred brand has: gold medal gemma).
In August part the first tenday period of a month, shrimp feed of the crude protein content 40% or more is launched.In August part the middle ten days and the last ten days, it is changed to launch thick
Shrimp feed of the protein content 33% or more.
In August part, when dissolved oxygen in fish pond is lower than 3mg/L, unlatching pond microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, to pool oxygenation.
Step 8: in September part, every 7-10 days, refoot layer water 1 time to pond, when changing water every time, quantity of exchanged water is
5cm。
In September part, every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic antidote is used alternatingly, and change using substrate
After good dose or organic antidote, 1 bacillus category probiotics of the 2nd day full pool spilling head.
In September part, every 15-20 days, quick lime spilled once to pond, the dosage of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms.
In September part the first tenday period of a month, shrimp feed of the crude protein content 33% or more is launched.In September part the middle ten days and the last ten days, it is changed to launch thick
Shrimp feed of the protein content 36% or more.
Pond microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment is opened, to pool oxygenation when dissolved oxygen in fish pond is lower than 3mg/L in September part.
Step 9: in October, launching shrimp feed of the crude protein content 36% or more.
In October, every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic antidote is used alternatingly, and change using substrate
After good dose or organic antidote, 1 bacillus category probiotics of the 2nd day full pool spilling head.
Step 10: 11 to December, water temperature is selected to be higher than 10 DEG C or more of fine day, launch crude protein content 36% with
On shrimp feed.
Step 11: in the 1-2 month in next year, using fishing tool, the freshwater shrimp in pond being caught into listing.The fishing work
Tool includes trawlnet, catches up with net, cage.
Furtherly, the shrimp seedling of the breeding of summer described in winter-spring season shrimp seedling, step 6 described in step 2 is by wild freshwater shrimp
The F1 and F2 of breeding are for shrimp seedling.
Furtherly, the time for shining the pool is 20 days.
Furtherly, 7 to September part, after encountering bad weather, need to splash resisting stress drug to pond.The severe day
Gas is heavy rain, cool winds weather.The resisting stress drug is Vc, Ve and stress multidimensional medicament.
Furtherly, in mid-August to mid-September, freshwater shrimp quantity is controlled as follows:
First is that summer and autumn shrimp culture pond intercropping specification is the big specification Variegated of 0.5-0.75kg, per acre intercropping 5-10
Tail.Second is that pellet crude protein content is reduced to 33%.Third is that reducing fertilising, quantity of exchanged water is increased, increases pond transparency
To 40cm.
Furtherly, it in March, April, October and November, splashes to pond and prevents the medicament of infusorian disease.
Furtherly, it 5 to September, monthly alternately splashes chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine to pond, prevention freshwater shrimp is bacillary
Disease agent.
Furtherly, EM bacterium and the disinfectants such as microecological bacillus preparation and chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine, quick lime make
It is spaced in 5 days or more with the time.
The advantages of present invention is with prior art is as follows:
1, the present invention takes the mid or late October of shrimp culture the previous year, wild high-quality in conjunction with the big water surface such as lake, river
Freshwater shrimp fishing, wild shrimp seedling high-quality at this time is resourceful, cheap, choose specification 600-1000 tail/kilogram wild freshwater shrimp
Seed carries out reinforced cultivating shrimp with ovums using special pond.The shrimp with ovums that such method is cultivated is adaptable to pond, ovum at
The advantages such as the ripe time is early, and hatching rate is high, breeding F1 generation shrimp seedling germplasm is excellent, are bred using the shrimp with ovums that the method is preferably cultivated
Pool time that goes out of shrimp seedling more directly shift to an earlier date 10-15 days from the shrimp with ovums of the big water surface breeding such as lake, in the July for breeding current year
15-20 days, shrimp seedling specification can reach 4000-6000 tail/kilogram, be conducive to put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed in advance, extend freshwater shrimp growth period, increase
It shells growth period, is conducive to the commodity rate and commercial specification that improve summer and autumn freshwater shrimp.
2,2 months of shrimp culture current year, using 7.5 sieves that body is a length of in winter-spring season cultivation in the technology of the present invention measure
The a length of 4.5cm of the commercial sized prawn and body shrimp seedling below of 4.5cm or more separates, and commercial sized prawn is sold.Recycle 6.5 sieves that body is a length of
The shrimp seedling of 3.5-4.5cm (600-800 tail/kilogram) and a length of 3.5cm or less of body (1000-2000 tail/kilogram) separate, and carry out single
Solely cultivation.Be conducive to specification be 600-800 tail/kilogram big specification shrimp seedling reaching listing specification by the end of April.Being conducive to specification is
1000-2000 tail/kilogram small dimension shrimp seedling delay to June list.Both it can extend the growth time of small dimension shrimp seedling, improve
Commodity rate and specification, and the freshwater shrimp market price downturn period in May can be avoided, the annual market price of freshwater shrimp can be improved.
3, the present invention combines the growth of freshwater shrimp and convenient for fishing, takes 2 months of shrimp culture current year, transplants waterweed,
10-15, water plant is transplanted per acre.It mends and plants hydrilla verticillata the June of shrimp culture current year, transplant 5-10, water plant per acre.Summer and autumn
Season cultivation is cleaned up the pond using tea seed cake, does not injure the waterweed of summer and autumn cultivating pool, and water plant area coverage accounts for the 20- of pond area
30%.Annual mid or late May, mid or late October manually cut off waterweed and raising pond fertilizer taking close to before catching season
Degree inhibits the growth of waterweed, while using substrate modifier, Water body antidote, prevents from rotting because of water plant and residual bait, excrement are long-pending
It is poly- and make ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide etc. harmful physical and chemical factor increases.It not only improves in the freshwater shrimp main season of growth, protects
Pond water plant coverage rate appropriate is held, keeps water quality good, promotes freshwater shrimp fast-growth.Be conducive to go to remove water before fishing again
Grass improves the catching rate of freshwater shrimp convenient for using trawlnet and catching up with net fishing freshwater shrimps, effectively avoids carrying out medicine using chrysanthemum esters medicine
The drawbacks of catching and hurting shrimp.
4, the present invention takes according to pond water quality fertilizer degree, in cultivation early stage, select instant capacity amino acids rich water product into
Row liquid manure is adjusted, and cultivates the 4-5 month of early stage, takes EM bacterium of periodically splashing, and cultivates middle and later periods 6-10 month, gemma of periodically splashing
Bacillus takes and periodically changes water on a small quantity, quick lime of periodically splashing, and periodically using substrate modifier, Water body antidote etc., maintains pond
Excellent ecological environment.Annual 2-3 month, holding pond transparency 30cm or so, 4-6 month, pond transparency 30-35cm,
7-9 month, pond transparency 35-40cm.In October, pond transparency 30-35cm, in November to fishing for young shrimps, pond is transparent
30cm or so is spent, water colour is in shallow dark brown.So that ammonia-nitrogen content maintains 0.2-0.3mg/L, nitrite in 0-0.06mg/L,
Sulfide maintains 0-0.03mg/L, reduces freshwater shrimp and steals dead rate, promotes freshwater shrimp fast-growth, to improve freshwater shrimp commodity rate and quotient
Product specification establishes good water ecological environment basis.
5, the present invention removes mid-August to mid-September on Feed selection, and it is numerous outer to need to control the autumn, shrimp feed crude protein control
System is 33% or so.During shrimp culture, selects the protein content of pellet in 36-40%, reinforce freshwater shrimp nutrition, promote
Its growth that shells, and according to month, the feeding volume of freshwater shrimp is accurately defined, is conducive to accomplish precisely to feed, is promoted
Freshwater shrimp fast-growth, save the cost avoid residual bait from gathering, and ruin water quality.
6, the present invention takes summer and autumn cultivation set to bring specification Variegated up in autumn breeding seedlings control.It is bred into current year shrimp
Season reduces material protein content, reduces the mode of water body fertilizer degree.Reduce the egg laying rate of red swamp of current year shrimp, hatching rate and the Qiu Fan young
Survival rate controls autumn breeding seedlings, effectively prevents a large amount of autumn breeding seedlings full of summer and autumn freshwater shrimp master and supports pond, reduces pond unit area
Load shrimp amount, guarantee to put the fast-growth of shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed, improve the commodity rate and commercial specification of summer and autumn shrimp culture.
7, as a preferred option, the present invention took in October and November, is utilized respectively zinc sulfate and copper sulphate kills one
Secondary fixation class infusorian thoroughly kills infusorian before freshwater shrimp is overwintering, is conducive to the constitution for improving freshwater shrimp, improves overwintering survive
Rate also provides the shrimp seedling of health for winter-spring season shrimp culture, improves the survival rate of winter-spring season shrimp culture.
The present invention cultivates from freshwater shrimp Genetic improvement, regulating and controlling water quality, shrimp seedling stocking model, water plant, Feed selection and feeds, catches
Fishing etc. carries out technological innovation, and this method is separated through preferred excellent freshwater shrimp germplasm, science training grass control grass, shrimp seedling by specification single
Only cultivation water quality periodic adjustment, is precisely fed, control autumn breeding seedlings, disease syndrome prevention, science fishing, and excellent Ecology is kept
Environment, the load shrimp density for maintaining pond suitable improve freshwater shrimp survival rate, the May that is staggered, October, November the freshwater shrimp market price
Downturn period improves freshwater shrimp survival rate, specification, commodity rate and specific yield and the commercial sized prawn market price.Technology through the invention
Measure, so that the double season cultivation commercial sized prawn average sizes of freshwater shrimp reach 3g or more, commodity rate reaches 60-70%, and year freshwater shrimp yield reaches per acre
150-200 kilograms, the commercial sized prawn market price per jin improves 5-10 member, and unit net profit is up to 5000-8000 member, for tradition cultivation
2-4 times.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram in pond.
Fig. 2 is shrimp sieve schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further explained now in conjunction with attached drawing as follows:
A kind of cultural method improving pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate, carries out as follows:
Step 1: in 2 months (winter-spring season) and June (summer and autumn) of cultivation freshwater shrimp current year, no less than 10 being carried out to pond
It the solarization pool.Preferable scheme is that shining the pool 20 days.
It puts before shrimp seedling 10 days, 10-30cm of intaking selects quick lime, bleaching powder, copper sulphate or tea seed cake to clean up the pond.
7 days after disinfection, 30-50cm is filled the water, full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer carries out rich water as base manure.
Step 2: the 2nd day after fertilising, cultivating 2 months of freshwater shrimp current year, plant cold resistance water plant waterweed.Cultivation freshwater shrimp is worked as
It mends and plants high temperature resistant water plant hydrilla verticillata the July in year.
Step 3: 2 months-March, progress winter-spring season shrimp culture are sieved using shrimp by body a length of 3.5- cultivation freshwater shrimp for the year
The winter-spring season shrimp seedling point of (1000-2000 tail/kilogram) below 4.5cm/ tail (600-800 tail/kilogram) and a length of 3.5cm/ tail of body
It opens, carries out separating cultivation, winter-spring season shrimp seedling is launched by 15-20 kilograms of standard to pond per acre.
Mid or late July, launch specification up to 4000-6000 tail/kilogram current year breeding shrimp seedling, per acre by 10-15 kilograms/
The standard of mu is launched to pond.
Shrimp seedling selects the F1 and F2 of wild freshwater shrimp breeding for shrimp seedling.
Step 4: after shrimp seedling is launched, according to the growth phase of shrimp seedling, the pellet of different size is selected, specific as follows:
Early stage cultivation freshwater shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed, that is, 2 months, the March, July, early August of current year are cultivated, freshwater shrimp particle is selected to raise
Expect 1# material (40% or more crude protein, partial size 1.1mm).
In the middle and later periods that cultivation freshwater shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed, that is, cultivate April, May, June, ten days early August, the late September, 10 of current year
The moon, November select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm).
In freshwater shrimp autumn current year in numerous season, the i.e. mid-August of shrimp culture current year to mid-September select freshwater shrimp pellet 2#
Expect (crude protein 33%, partial size 1.6mm).
Step 5: shrimp culture current year 2, March adjust liquid manure degree using amino acids Fertilizer water paste top dressing, maintain transparent
Degree is in 30cm.
Shrimp culture current year 4, May were splashed EM bacterium probiotics (water regulating agent) 1 time every 10-15 days.Every 10-
It refoots within 15 days layer water 1 time, changes water 5cm every time.
Shrimp culture current year 6,7,8, September part refooted layer water 1 time every 7-10 days, and changed water 5cm every time.
1 substrate modifier (removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom was used alternatingly every 7-10 days in shrimp culture June current year-October
Change), organic antidote (clear water peace), and using substrate modifier, after organic antidote, the 2nd day full pool spilling head bud
Spore bacillus probiotics (gold medal gemma) 1 time.
In shrimp culture April current year-September, every 15-20 days, quick lime of full pool spilling head, each dosage control was in 5 public affairs
Within jin.
Shrimp culture July current year-September opens microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment when dissolved oxygen in fish pond is in 3mg/L or less, to
Pool oxygenation.Before and after the bad weathers such as heavy rain, cool winds, full pool spilling head Vc, Ve are needed and stress the resisting stress medicine such as multidimensional
Product.
Step 6: need to control freshwater shrimp autumn breeding seedlings shrimp culture mid-August current year to mid-September, concrete measure is as follows:
First is that summer and autumn shrimp culture pond intercropping specification is the big specification Variegated of 0.5-0.75kg, per acre intercropping 5-10
Tail.Second is that mid-August to mid-September, is reduced to 33% for pellet crude protein content.Third is that in numerous season in autumn, reduce fertilising,
Increase quantity of exchanged water, increase pond transparency to 40cm or so.
Step 7: shrimp culture process carries out the prevention of freshwater shrimp main diseases and insect pests according to the pests occurrence rule of freshwater shrimp pest and disease damage
Measure, specific as follows:
Shrimp culture current year 3,4,10, November, monthly full pool spilling head prevents the medicament of infusorian disease.
Shrimp culture May current year-September, chlorine dioxide, the povidone iodine etc. of monthly alternately splashing prevention freshwater shrimp bacteriosis
Medicament.
Step 8: in conjunction with shrimp culture stage and the market price, carrying out the fishing and sale of commercial sized prawn, major technique in due course
Measure is as follows:
Cultivation freshwater shrimp current year mid or late April, put in a suitable place to breed for 600-400 tail/kilogram the big specification shrimp seedling of winter-spring season, reach
To commercial specification, listing is caught using cage wheel, by the end of April, the pool is done and catches all freshwater shrimps, while vacateing pond for freshwater shrimp nursery.
Cultivation freshwater shrimp current year early June, put in a suitable place to breed for 1000-2000 tail/kilogram winter-spring season small dimension shrimp seedling, reach
It to commercial specification, is caught and is listed using cage, mid or late June does the pool and catches all freshwater shrimps, while rising for summer and autumn shrimp culture
Pond out.
In the month in next year 1-2 of shrimp culture, put in a suitable place to breed for 4000-6000 tail/kilogram summer shrimp seedling, reach commodity rule
Lattice using trawlnet, catch up with the fishing tools such as net, cage, and fishing freshwater shrimps listing, spring at a time when this, the freshwater shrimp market price is annual
The preferably period.
Foregoing invention is explained further as follows:
The pond condition is that pond is adjacent to water source, and 2-10 mus of area, bottom of pond is smooth, storing water 1.2-1.5m, slope ratio
1:3-5, bed mud are loam, do not leak not permeable, and nutrient preserving capability is good, have perfect culvert system, water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free, and the pool ridge is whole
It is clean, without weeds.
Described clean up the pond is 2 months, the June of shrimp culture current year, the commodity freshwater shrimp fishing cultivated in conjunction with summer and autumn and pin
It sells, selects continuous fair weather, drain water, freeze and shine 10-20 days, shine to bottom of pond and whiten, in polygon, while smooth pool bottom.
Winter-spring season cultivation, puts before shrimp seedling 10 days, and 10-30cm of intaking selects quick lime, bleaching powder dry method to clean up the pond, per acre quick lime dosage
75-100 kilograms.10-15 kilograms of bleaching powder (effective chlorine 30%) per acre, full pool spilling head after drug slurrying water, does not stay dead angle.Disappear
The 2nd day after poison, 0.5-1 kilograms of copper sulphate is reused per acre, is changed water full pool spilling head, is thoroughly removed pond wild fishes, spiral shell, Huang
Eel, loach, leech, moss and fraction of pathogens body.Summer and autumn cultivation, 30cm of intaking, selects tea seed cake to clean up the pond, and uses tea per acre
15-20 kilograms of the dregs of rice, after impregnating 24 hours, full pool spilling head thoroughly removes the enemy such as pond wild fishes, spiral shell, finless eel and mud, leech
Evil.
The fertilising is that the present invention selects bio-fertilizer as base manure, selects amino acids Fertilizer water paste conduct soluble easily in water
Top dressing, it is not recommended that select perishable water, be also easy to produce oxygen debt, germinate disease and the organic manure of explosive algae of turning blue and compound fertilizer.It cleans up the pond
It 7 days after disinfection, intakes to pond, so that pond water level reaches 30-50cm, 50-100 kilograms of full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer is used as base manure.
Early stage shrimp culture, according to water body fertilizer degree, appropriate top dressing 1-2 times, amino acid Fertilizer water paste soluble easily in water is selected in top dressing.
The water plant is cultivated, and according to the double season cultivation stages of freshwater shrimp, takes and transplants water plant in two stages, wherein Winter-Spring
Season cultivation stages, 2 months of shrimp culture current year the 2nd day after basal dressing, waterweed trophosome is transplanted among the long side of pond,
Every 5-6 meters of transplanting 1 beams of waterweed, 10-15 beam is transplanted per acre, with living of water plant, growth, gradually deepens water level to 60-
80cm.Summer and autumn cultivation stages, the July of shrimp culture current year the 2nd day after basal dressing, transplant hydrilla verticillata among pond
Trophosome transplants 5-10 beam every 10-15 meters of transplanting 1 beams of hydrilla verticillata per acre, with living of water plant, growth, gradually deepens water
Position is to 0.8-1 meters.Before water plant transplanting, is all impregnated 10 minutes, washed using the potassium permanganate of the bleaching powder of 10g/m3 or 20g/m3
Transplanting after net.So that water plant area coverage accounts for the 20-30% of the pond gross area.
The water plant control is, for convenient for catching and preventing the excessive die by visitation of God of high temperature season waterweed, annual 5 below the moon
Ten days, mid or late October, before freshwater shrimp fishing and waterweed enters the overgrowing phase, manually cuts off excessive waterweed in pond, and by chasing after
Fertilizer, control pond transparency inhibits water plant growth in 30cm or so, while using substrate modifier (removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom changes) and water
Body antidote (clear water peace) prevents from rotting because of water plant, so that the nocuousness physical and chemical factor such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide increases.
The seedling breeding is mid or late October the previous year of shrimp culture, wild excellent in conjunction with the big water surface such as lake, river
Matter freshwater shrimp fishing, wild shrimp seedling high-quality at this time is resourceful, choose specification 600-1000 tail/kilogram wild freshwater shrimp seed, benefit
Reinforced cultivating is carried out with special pond, is cultivated to mid or late May in next year, most of female shrimp oogenesis.At this point, according to nursery pond and supporting
The ratio for growing pool area 1:4-5 is arranged special pond nursery pond, annual 20-25 in May days, starts to select shrimp with ovums, shrimp with ovums requires rule
Lattice are in 5cm or more, bouncing, appendage are complete, ovum requires that the full protrusion of oogenesis, cinerous, eyespot mays be seen indistinctly and ovary
Full of entire carapace, ovum at this time can arrange seedling after 2-3 days, launch 5-10 kilograms of shrimp with ovums per acre, and collocation rule on a small quantity
Lattice are the male shrimp of 6cm or more.According to freshwater shrimp seed mode of reproduction, the breeding of wild freshwater shrimp F1 generation shrimp seedling is carried out.
The shrimp seedling of the method breeding is wild high-quality freshwater shrimp first filial generation, and germplasm is excellent.And wild freshwater shrimp is strengthened through pond
It cultivates, the shrimp with ovums of cultivation is adaptable to pond, and the maturation of ovum time is early, and the advantages such as hatching rate height are preferably trained using pond
The shrimp seedling for the shrimp with ovums breeding educated goes out the pool time advance 10-15 days, and in 15-20 days annual July, shrimp seedling specification be can reach
4000-6000 tail/kilogram, be conducive to put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed in advance, extend freshwater shrimp growth period, increases shelling growth period, be conducive to improve
Commodity rate.
The seedling stocking model is, according to the double season cultivation stages of freshwater shrimp, the present invention is green using launching in two stages
Shrimp shrimp seedling, winter-spring season cultivation are sieved using shrimp by a length of 3.5-4.5cm (600-800 of shrimp seedling body in 2 months of shrimp culture current year
Tail/kilogram) separated with a length of 3.5cm or less of body (1000-2000 tail/kilogram), it individually puts in a suitable place to breed, puts 15-20 public affairs in a suitable place to breed per acre
Jin.Mid or late July, launch specification up to 4000-6000 tail/kilogram current year breed shrimp seedling, put 10-15 kilograms in a suitable place to breed per acre.
The shrimp sieve is that the specification of shrimp sieve is 70cm × 40cm × 10cm, and smooth plastics are installed at sieve bottom along long side side by side
Stick, there are two types of specifications for sticking plaster spacing: 7.5mm and 6.5mm is referred to as 7.5 sieves and 6.5 sieves.It is using 7.5 sieves that body is a length of
The commercial sized prawn and shrimp seedling of 4.5cm or more separates.It is with 6.5 sieves that a length of 3.5-4.5cm of body (600-800 tail/kilogram) and body is long again
It is separated for the shrimp seedling of 3.5cm or less (1000-2000 tail/kilogram), carries out respectively individually cultivation.
The water quality adjustment is 2, March, according to water quality fertilizer degree situation, imposes amino acid Fertilizer water paste 1 within every 15-20 days
It is secondary, liquid manure degree is adjusted, maintains transparency in 30cm or so, so that sufficient natural biological bait is kept to take the photograph in pond for freshwater shrimp
Food.May in April-, every 10-15 days, EM bacterium (water regulating agent) of full pool spilling head.October in June-, every 7-10 days, alternately
Using substrate modifier (removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom changes), organic antidote (clear water peace), and using substrate modifier or having
After machine antidote, bacillus of the 2nd day full pool spilling head (gold medal gemma) removes the toxic factor in pond, adjusts water body
Bacterium is balanced each other, and pond residual bait, humus etc. are decomposed.It refooted every 10-15 days layer water 1 time in April, May, October in June-, often
It refooted every 7-10 days layer water 1 time, changes water 5cm or so every time.October in April-, every 15-20 days, the secondary stone of full pool spilling head one
It is calcareous to increase water body within 5 kilograms for ash, each dosage control.7,8, September high temperature season, the easy anoxic in the bottom, according to day
Gas and water matter situation opens microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment when Dissolved Oxygen in Water is in 3mg/L or less, gives pool oxygenation, maintains pond
Pool dissolved oxygen prevents from leading to down algae, freshwater shrimp slow growth and water plant die by visitation of God etc. because of bottom anoxic in 5mg/L or so.?
Before and after the bad weathers such as heavy rain, cool winds, full pool spilling head Vc, Ve and stress the resisting stress drug such as multidimensional.Annual 2-3 month,
Keep pond transparency 30cm or so, 4-6 month, pond transparency 30-35cm, 7-9 month, pond transparency 35-40cm.10
Month, pond transparency 30-35cm, November to fishing for young shrimps, pond transparency 30cm or so, water colour are in shallow dark brown.
The Feed selection with to feed be, according to freshwater shrimp growth characteristics, precisely to be fed according to month, it is specific as follows:
2 months-mid-March freshwater shrimp pellet 1# material (40% or more crude protein, partial size 1.1mm) is selected, selects water temperature
Fine day higher than 10 DEG C, daily 14:00-15:00 are fed 1 time, day feeding rate 1-1.5%, feed 0.2-0.3 public affairs per acre every time
Jin.
Late March selects freshwater shrimp pellet 1# material (40% or more crude protein, partial size 1.1mm), daily 16:00-17:
00, it feeds 1 time, day feeding rate 1.5-2% feeds 0.2-0.4 kilograms per acre every time.
Select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm), daily 16:00-17:00 April
It feeds 1 time, day feeding rate 3-4% feeds 0.5-2.5 kilograms per acre every time.
Select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm), daily 17:00-18:00 May
It feeds 1 time, day feeding rate 4-5% feeds 2-3 kilograms per acre every time.
Select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm), daily 17:00-18:00 June
It feeds 1 time, day feeding rate 4-5%, commercial sized prawn carries out wheel and catches listing at this time, and freshwater shrimp deposits pool amount and gradually decreases in pond, every every time
Mu feeds 1-2 kilograms.
July selects freshwater shrimp pellet 1# to expect (40% or more crude protein, partial size into summer and autumn shrimp culture
1.1mm), 17:00-18:00 every afternoon is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 3-4% feeds 0.5-1 kilograms per acre every time.
The first tenday period of a month in August part select freshwater shrimp pellet 1# material (40% or more crude protein, partial size 1.1mm), every afternoon
17:00-18:00 is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 4-5% feeds 1-2 kilograms per acre every time.
September part the middle ten days mid-August-selects freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (crude protein 33% or so, partial size 1.6mm), daily
Afternoon, 17:00-18:00 was fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 4-5% feeds 1.5-2.5 kilograms per acre every time.
Select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm), every afternoon October late September-
17:00-18:00 is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 4-5% feeds 2-3 kilograms per acre every time.
Before and after November to spring, temperature is gradually reduced, and freshwater shrimp pellet 2# is selected to expect (36% or more crude protein, partial size
1.6mm), fine day of the selection water temperature at 10 DEG C or more, feeds 1 time, day feeding rate 0.5% or so in 14:00-15:00, every every time
Mu feeds 0.5-0.75 kilograms.
Along pond, surrounding shoal uniformly feeds pellet, and pond area is more than 5 mu of pond, needs among pond
Water plant on increase feed a feedstuff feeding band.Specific feedstuff feeding amount depending on situations such as the ingesting of freshwater shrimp, weather, water quality and
Fixed, in pond, 2-3 food platform is arranged in surrounding, and the remaining situation of feed on platform is eaten in morning inspection, if feed has residue,
Feeding volume is reduced, conversely, then suitably increasing feeding volume.
The autumn breeding seedlings control is that annual mid-August to mid-September, current year shrimp enters mating period in autumn, great Liang Qiu
Numerous seedling supports pond full of summer and autumn freshwater shrimp master, so that pond carries shrimp amount abruptly increase, autumn breeding seedlings are grown with the freshwater shrimp seed contention put in a suitable place to breed
Space, bait, oxygen etc. have seriously affected the fast-growth for putting shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed.For this purpose, the present invention takes 3 technical measures controls
Autumn breeding seedlings: first is that intercropping specification is the big specification bighead 5-10 tail of 0.5-0.75kg in pond, a large amount of filter food freshwater shrimp young.Second is that
September part the middle ten days mid-August, by the crude protein content of pellet near 33% or so, so that shrimp with ovums lacks high-quality nutrition, drop
Low egg laying rate of red swamp and hatching rate reduce autumn numerous freshwater shrimp young.Third is that opening-mid-September mid-August, fertilising is reduced, increases quantity of exchanged water,
Increase pond transparency to 40cm or so, the freshwater shrimp young is discharged, reduces pond natural bait biology, reduce surviving for autumn numerous young
Rate.By the above technical measures, the quantum of output of autumn breeding seedlings is reduced, guarantees the fast-growth for putting shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed.
The disease prevention is, according to the pathogenetic Seasonal fluctuation of freshwater shrimp disease, it is in due course that the present invention is carried out according to month
Prevention, specific as follows:
March, copper-bath of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reach 0.2-0.3g/m3, prevent the hair of balantidiasis
It is raw.
April, 1 sulphoxylic acid zinc solution of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reach 0.3-0.6g/m3, prevent the generation of balantidiasis.
May-, September, monthly alternately spilled once the disinfection drugs such as chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine, and every meter of pond uses per acre
Chlorine dioxide (8%) 150-200g, or every meter of use povidone iodine (1%) 200-300g per acre, prevention gill rot, are burst at corpus hemorrhagicum
The bacteriosis such as ulcer occur.
October, solution of zinc sulfate of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reach 0.3-0.6g/m3, prevent balantidiasis.
November, copper-bath of full pool spilling head, 0.2-0.3g/m3, the fixed class for thoroughly killing the attachment of shrimp body are fine
Caterpillar enhances freshwater shrimp constitution, safe overwintering.
The fishing is that the present invention is divided into three phases fishing commercial sized prawn, specific as follows:
First stage, cultivation freshwater shrimp current year mid or late April, put in a suitable place to breed for 600-800 tail/kilogram winter-spring season it is big
Specification shrimp seedling, reaches commercial specification, is caught and is listed using cage, by the end of April, does the pool and catches all freshwater shrimps, is freshwater shrimp seed breeding
Vacate special pond nursery pond, the commodity rate of the stage freshwater shrimp is up to 80% or more.
Second stage is put in a suitable place to breed in the early June of the current year of cultivation freshwater shrimp as 1000-2000 tail/small rule of kilogram winter-spring season
Lattice shrimp seedling, reaches commercial specification, can be in the middle ten days and the last ten days in May, using manually cutting off, after removing the excessive waterweed in pond, using ground
Cage catches commercial sized prawn listing, and mid or late June does the pool and catches all freshwater shrimps, while vacateing pond for summer and autumn shrimp culture.The rank
The commodity rate of section freshwater shrimp is up to 70% or more.
Three phases, in the month in next year 1-2 of shrimp culture, put in a suitable place to breed for 4000-6000 tail/kilogram summer shrimp seedling,
Reach commercial specification, can be in the middle ten days and the last ten days in October, using manually cutting off and reduces pond transparency to 30cm or so, removing pond
After waterweed, can be used pond punching change water, open aerator in the case where, caught using cage.Or water temperature is at 0-5 DEG C,
Using trawlnet, net fishing freshwater shrimps are caught up with, until early Febuary in next year, which does the pool, catches all freshwater shrimps, vacate cultivation for winter-spring season shrimp culture
Pond.The commodity rate of the stage freshwater shrimp is up to 50% or more.
Embodiment 1:
1, pond condition
Neighbouring Lake Nanyi, selects 4 mouthfuls of ponds, and area is respectively 2.5 mu, 3 mu, 2 mu, 3 mu, be denoted as respectively 1#, 2#, 3#,
4#, bottom of pond is smooth, storing water 1.2-1.5m, and slope ratio 1:4, bed mud is loam, has a perfect culvert system, the pool ridge is clean and tidy,
Without weeds, it is equipped with microporous pipeline ooxygenation facility.Pond is detailed in as shown in Figure 1, the serial number in figure is followed successively by 1 pond.2 pools ridge.3 tiltedly
Slope (slope ratio 1:3-5), 4 water plants, 5 air blowers.6 oxygenation main pipelines.7 oxygenation soft pipelines.8 nanometer aeration pipes.
2, it cleans up the pond
It on June 20th, 2014, drains water, exposure 15 days, shines to bottom of pond and whiten, be in polygon, while smooth pool bottom.
On July 5th, 2014,30cm of intaking select 20 kilograms of tea seed cake per acre, and after impregnating 24 hours, full pool spilling head after slurrying changes the full pond of water
It splashes, thoroughly removes pond wild fishes, spiral shell, finless eel and mud, leech etc..
It on January 26th, 2015, drains water, freezes and shine 15 days, shine to bottom of pond and whiten, be in polygon, while smooth pool bottom.
On 2 11st, 2015,20cm of intaking, 100 kilograms of quick lime are selected per acre, and full pool spilling head after slurrying the 2nd day, uses sulphur per acre
1 kilogram of sour copper changes water full pool spilling head, thoroughly removes pond wild fishes, spiral shell, finless eel and mud, leech, moss and fraction of pathogens
Body.
3, it applies fertilizer
On July 12nd, 2014, the pond 1#, 125 kilograms of full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer, the pond 2#, 150 public affairs of full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer
Jin, as base manure.
On 2 18th, 2015, the pond 3#, 200 kilograms of full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer, the pond 4#, 300 public affairs of full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer
Jin, as base manure.
4, water plant is cultivated
Hydrilla verticillata trophosome is transplanted among the long side of the pond 1#, 2# on July 13rd, 2014, transplant 1 every 10-15 meters
Beam transplants 5-10 beam per acre, with living of water plant, growth, gradually deepens water level to 0.8-1 meters.
On 2 20th, 2015, waterweed trophosome is transplanted among the long side of the pond 3#, 4#, every 5-6 meters of transplanting waterweeds
1 beam transplants 10-15 beam per acre, with living of water plant, growth, gradually deepens water level to 60-80cm.
Before water plant transplanting, using with bleaching powder soaking disinfection 10 minutes of 10g/m3.
5, freshwater shrimp seedling breeding
Specification is chosen from Lake Nanyi wild freshwater shrimp in conjunction with Lake Nanyi freshwater shrimp fishing peak period in October, 2013
1000-1200 tail/kilogram 50 kilograms of wild freshwater shrimp seed, utilize the special pond reinforced cultivating shrimp with ovums in the pond 1#.In May, 2014
20-24 days, selection was launched up to the male shrimp of 20 kilograms of the big specification shrimp with ovums of 5cm or more and the long 6cm or more of a small amount of body from the pond 1#
In the pond 3#, special pond nursery is carried out, on July 20th, 2014, is caught and is counted, breed 135 kilograms of high-quality shrimp seedling altogether, it is average every
67.5 kilograms of nursery of mu.
6, shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed
On July 20th, 2014, the pond 1# put 35 kilograms of freshwater shrimp seed in a suitable place to breed.The pond 2# puts 42 kilograms of freshwater shrimp seed in a suitable place to breed.It is flat
14 kilograms of summer shrimp seedling are launched per acre.
On 2 22nd, 2015, commercial sized prawn and the shrimp seedling of a length of 4.5cm or more of body are separated using 7.5 sieves, wherein commercial sized prawn
List marketing, shrimp seedling reuse 6.5 sieves for a length of 3.5-4.5cm of body (600-800 tail/kilogram) and a length of 3.5cm or less of body
The shrimp seedling of (1000-2000 tail/kilogram) separates.Wherein 40 kilograms of big specification shrimp seedling is put in the pond 3# in a suitable place to breed.4# puts small dimension in a suitable place to breed in pond
60 kilograms of shrimp seedling.20 kilograms of shrimp seedling are launched per acre.Fig. 2 is shrimp sieve schematic diagram, and shrimp sieve is by 9 shrimps sieve and 10 plastics bar constructions.
7, water quality adjustment
March imposes amino acid Fertilizer water paste 2 times according to water quality fertilizer degree situation, uses 800g per acre every time, adjust liquid manure
Degree maintains transparency in 30cm or so.
In May in April-, every 10-15 days, 1 EM bacterium (water regulating agent) of full pool spilling head, dosage was 1000- per acre every time
2000mL。
6-10 month every 7-10 days, substrate modifier (removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom changes) is used alternatingly and organic acid antidote is (green
Water peace) 1 time, change 500-600g using removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom per acre every time, pacifies 300-500g using clear water per acre every time.Using solution
Malicious oxygenation bottom change or clear water peace after, the 2nd day, bacillus of full pool spilling head (gold medal gemma), dosage 30- per acre every time
50g。
It refooted layer water 1 time in April, May, every 7-10 days refoots layer water 1 time, often October in June-every 10-15 days
It is secondary to change water 5cm or so.
After April, every 15-20 days, quick lime of full pool spilling head, each dosage was 4 kilograms, increased water body calcium
Matter.
7,8, September high temperature season, the easy anoxic in the bottom, according to weather, water quality situation, Dissolved Oxygen in Water 3mg/L with
When lower, start microporous pipeline ooxygenation facility, to pool oxygenation, maintains dissolved oxygen in fish pond in 5mg/L or so, prevent because of bottom anoxic
And lead to down algae and water plant die by visitation of God etc..
July in June-, plum rain season, full pool spilling head VC stress be spirit etc. resisting stress drug 2 times, use 200- per acre every time
300g。
8, water plant controls
On October 20th, 2014, waterweed is manually cut off, imposes amino acid Fertilizer water paste 800g per acre, increases pond fertilizer degree,
Transparency 30cm or so is controlled, respectively at October 25 using substrate modifier (removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom changes) 1 time, is used per acre every time
500-600g.October 26, bacillus of full pond full pool spilling head (gold medal gemma), every time dosage 30-50g per acre.
On May 20th, 2015, waterweed is manually cut off, impose amino acid amino acid Fertilizer water paste 800g per acre, increases pond
Fertile degree, control transparency 30cm or so, was used May 25 using organic acid antidote (clear water peace) 1 time per acre every time
300-500g.May 26, bacillus of full pond full pool spilling head (gold medal gemma), every time dosage 30-50g per acre.
9, feedstuff feeding
In July, 2014 selects freshwater shrimp pellet 1# to expect (40% or more crude protein, grain into summer and autumn shrimp culture
Diameter 1.1mm), every afternoon, 17:00-18:00 was fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 3-4% feeds 0.5-1 kilograms per acre every time.
The first tenday period of a month in parts of in August, 2014 select freshwater shrimp pellet 1# material (40% or more crude protein, partial size 1.1mm), daily
Afternoon, 17:00-18:00 was fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 4-5% feeds 1-2 kilograms per acre every time
September part the middle ten days in mid-August, 2014-selects freshwater shrimp pellet 2# to expect (crude protein 33% or so, partial size
1.6mm), 17:00-18:00 every afternoon is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 4-5% feeds 1.5-2.5 kilograms per acre every time.
Freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm) is selected, often October in late September, 2014-
Its afternoon, 17:00-18:00 was fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 4-5% feeds 2-3 kilograms per acre every time.
Before and after in November, 2014 to spring, temperature is gradually reduced, select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (crude protein 36% with
On, partial size 1.6mm), select water temperature to be higher than 10 DEG C of fine day, daily 14:00-15:00 is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 0.5% is left
The right side feeds 0.5-0.75 kilograms per acre every time.
Select freshwater shrimp pellet 1# material (40% or more crude protein, partial size 1.1mm), choosing 2 months-mid-March in 2015
The fine day that water temperature is higher than 10 DEG C is selected, daily 14:00-15:00 is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 1-1.5% feeds 0.2- per acre every time
0.3 kilogram.
In late March, 2015 selects freshwater shrimp pellet 1# to expect (40% or more crude protein, partial size 1.1mm), and daily 16:
00-17:00 is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 1.5-2% feeds 0.2-0.4 kilograms per acre every time.
Select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm), daily 16:00- in April, 2015
17:00 is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 3-4% feeds 0.5-2.5 kilograms per acre every time.
Select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm), daily 17:00- in May, 2015
18:00 is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 4-5% feeds 2-3 kilograms per acre every time.
Select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm), daily 17:00- in June, 2015
18:00 is fed 1 time, day feeding rate 4-5%, and commercial sized prawn carries out wheel and catches listing at this time, and freshwater shrimp deposits pool amount and gradually decreases in pond, often
It is secondary to feed 1-2 kilograms per acre.
Along pond, surrounding shoal uniformly feeds pellet.Specific feedstuff feeding is depending on the ingesting of freshwater shrimp, weather, water quality etc.
Depending on situation, in pond, 2-3 food platform is arranged in surrounding, and the remaining situation of feed on platform is eaten in morning inspection, if feed has
Residue then reduces feeding volume, conversely, then suitably increasing feeding volume.
10, autumn breeding seedlings control
On August 5th, 2014 launches big 8 tail of specification bighead of specification 0.5-0.75kg per acre.
August on September 10th, 20 days 1 in 2014, by the crude protein content of pellet near 33% or so.
Quantity of exchanged water, increase pond transparency to 40cm or so are increased simultaneously.
11, disease prevention
In August, 2014-September monthly alternately spilled once the disinfection drugs such as chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine, per acre every meter of pond
The pool uses chlorine dioxide (8%) 100g, or per acre every meter use povidone iodine (available iodine 1%) 250g, prevention gill rot, red
The bacteriosis such as body, ulcer occur.
In October, 2014, solution of zinc sulfate of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reach 0.4g/m3, prevent balantidiasis.
In November, 2014, copper-bath of full pool spilling head, 0.3g/m3 thoroughly kill the fixed class of shrimp body attachment
Infusorian enhances freshwater shrimp constitution, safe overwintering.
In March, 2015, copper-bath of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reach 0.2g/m3, prevent the hair of balantidiasis
It is raw.
In April, 2015, monthly solution of zinc sulfate of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reach 0.4g/m3, prevent balantidiasis
Generation.
Monthly alternately it spilled once the disinfection drugs such as chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine, per acre every meter of pond June in May, 2015-
The pool uses chlorine dioxide (8%) 100g, or per acre every meter use povidone iodine (available iodine 1%) 250g, prevention gill rot, red
The bacteriosis such as body, ulcer occur.
12, it catches
On 2 1st, 2015, using lobster basket, trawlnet and net fishing commercial sized prawn listing is caught up with, until dry pool fishing in next year 10 days 2 months
All freshwater shrimps, the pond 1#, 2# harvest 520 kilograms of freshwater shrimp altogether, and 94.5 kilograms of production freshwater shrimp per mu, the commodity rate of the stage freshwater shrimp reaches
53%, commercial sized prawn average size reaches 3.2g.
On April 20th, 2015, using the commercial sized prawn in the lobster basket fishing pond 3#, on April 28th, 2015 does the pool and catches all blueness
Shrimp harvests 136 kilograms of freshwater shrimp altogether, and 68 kilograms of production freshwater shrimp per mu, up to 82%, commercial sized prawn average size reaches the commodity rate of freshwater shrimp
2.9g。
It is listed using the commercial sized prawn in the cage fishing pond 4# on June 5th, 2015, until on June 15th, 2015, does pool fishing
All freshwater shrimps, harvest 234 kilograms of freshwater shrimp altogether, and 78 jin of production freshwater shrimp shrimp per mu, the commodity rate of freshwater shrimp is up to 71%, commercial sized prawn average size
Up to 3.3g.
Embodiment 2:
1, pond condition
The neighbouring river Gu Xi, selects 4 mouthfuls of ponds, and area is respectively 5 mu, 4 mu, 4 mu, 6 mu, is denoted as 1#, 2#, 3#, 4# respectively,
Bottom of pond is smooth, storing water 1.2-1.5m, and slope ratio 1:3, bed mud is loam, has a perfect culvert system, and the pool ridge is clean and tidy, without miscellaneous
Grass is equipped with microporous pipeline ooxygenation facility.
2, it cleans up the pond
It on June 14th, 2014, drains water, exposure 20 days, shines to bottom of pond and whiten, be in polygon, while smooth pool bottom.
On July 4th, 2014,30cm of intaking select 25 kilograms of tea seed cake per acre, and after impregnating 24 hours, full pool spilling head after slurrying is thoroughly removed
Pond wild fishes, spiral shell, finless eel and mud, leech etc..
It on January 25th, 2015, drains water, freezes and shine 20 days, shine to bottom of pond and whiten, be in polygon, while smooth pool bottom.
On 2 15th, 2015,15cm of intaking selected 14 kilograms of bleaching powder per acre, changes full pool spilling head after water, second day, uses sulphur per acre
0.8 kilogram of sour copper changes water full pool spilling head, thoroughly removes pond wild fishes, spiral shell, finless eel and mud, leech, moss and part disease
Substance.
3, it applies fertilizer
On July 11st, 2014,300 kilograms of 1# full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer.240 kilograms of 2# full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer.As base
Fertilizer.
On 2 22nd, 2015,400 kilograms of 3# full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer.600 kilograms of 3# full pool spilling head bio-fertilizer.As base
Fertilizer.
4, water plant is cultivated
On July 12nd, 2014, transplanting hydrilla verticillata trophosome transplants 8 every 5-6 meters of 1 beams of transplanting per acre among pond
Beam gradually deepens water level to 0.8-1 meters with living of water plant, growth.
On 2 23rd, 2015, waterweed trophosome is transplanted among the long side of pond, every 5-6 meters of transplanting 1 beams of waterweed,
15 beams are transplanted per acre, with living of water plant, growth, gradually deepen water level to 60-80cm.
Before water plant transplanting, using with potassium permanganate soaking disinfection 10 minutes of 20g/m3.
5, freshwater shrimp seedling breeding
Specification is chosen from the wild freshwater shrimp of the river Gu Xi in conjunction with the river Gu Xi freshwater shrimp fishing peak period in October, 2013
1000-1200 tail/kilogram 100 kilograms of wild freshwater shrimp seed, utilize the special pond reinforced cultivating shrimp with ovums in the pond 1#.In May, 2014
20-24 days, selection was launched up to the male shrimp of 40 kilograms of the big specification shrimp with ovums of 5cm or more and the long 6cm or more of a small amount of body from the pond 1#
In the pond 3#, special pond nursery is carried out, on July 20th, 2014, is caught and is counted, breed 280 kilograms of high-quality shrimp seedling altogether, it is average every
70 kilograms of nursery of mu.
6, shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed
On July 20th, 2014,1# put in pond 75 kilograms of freshwater shrimp seed in a suitable place to breed, and 2# puts in pond 60 kilograms of freshwater shrimp seed in a suitable place to breed, average
Put 15 kilograms of freshwater shrimp seed in a suitable place to breed per acre.
On 2 28th, 2015, commercial sized prawn and the shrimp seedling of a length of 4.5cm or more of body are separated using 7.5 sieves, wherein commercial sized prawn
List marketing, shrimp seedling reuse 6.5 sieves for a length of 3.5-4.5cm of body (600-800 tail/kilogram) and a length of 3.5cm or less of body
The shrimp seedling of (1000-2000 tail/kilogram) separates, and wherein the pond 3# is put in a suitable place to breed up to 72 kilograms of specification shrimp seedling, and 4# puts small dimension in a suitable place to breed in pond
108 kilograms of shrimp seedling, 18 kilograms of shrimp seedling are launched per acre.
7, water quality adjustment
March imposes amino acid Fertilizer water paste 2 times according to water quality fertilizer degree situation, uses 800g per acre every time, adjust liquid manure
Degree maintains transparency in 30cm or so.
In May in April-, every 10-15 days, 1 EM bacterium of full pool spilling head (EM gold bacterium), dosage was 1000mL per acre every time.
October in June-was used alternatingly every 7-10 days using substrate modifier (removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom changes) and organic acid
Antidote (clear water peace) 1 time changes 500-600g using removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom per acre every time, pacifies 300- using clear water per acre every time
500g.And changed using removing toxic substances oxygenation bottom or clear water peace after, the 2nd day full pond, which replaces, spilled once bacillus (hyperconcetration
Bacillus), dosage 20-25g per acre every time.
It refooted layer water 1 time in April, May, every 7-10 days refoots layer water 1 time, often October in June-every 10-15 days
It is secondary to change water 5cm or so.
After April, every 15-20 days, it is calcareous to increase water body for quick lime of full pool spilling head, 4 kilograms of each dosage.
7,8, September high temperature season, the easy anoxic in the bottom, according to weather, water quality situation, Dissolved Oxygen in Water 3mg/L with
When lower, microporous pipeline oxygenation is opened, maintains dissolved oxygen in fish pond in 5mg/L, prevents from causing down algae and water plant prominent because of bottom anoxic
Right death etc..
July in June-, plum rain season, full pool spilling head VC stress be spirit etc. resisting stress drug 2 times, use 200- per acre every time
300g。
8, water plant controls
On October 22nd, 2014, waterweed is manually cut off, imposes amino acid Fertilizer water paste 800g per acre, increases pond fertilizer degree,
Transparency 30cm or so is controlled, organic acid antidote (clear water peace) was used 1 time October 26, uses 300-500g per acre,
October 27, full pond alternately spilled once bacillus (hyperconcetration bacillus), every time dosage 20-25g per acre.
On May 18th, 2015, waterweed is manually cut off, impose amino acid Fertilizer water paste 800g per acre, increases pond fertilizer degree, control
Transparency 30cm processed or so used organic acid antidote (clear water peace) 1 time May 24, uses 300-500g per acre every time,
May 25, full pond alternately spilled once EM bacterium (EM gold bacterium), every time dosage 1000mL per acre.
9, feedstuff feeding
In July, 2014 selects freshwater shrimp pellet 1# to expect (40% or more crude protein, grain into summer and autumn shrimp culture
Diameter 1.1mm), every afternoon, 17:00-18:00 was fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 3-4% feeds 0.5-1 kilograms per acre every time.
The first tenday period of a month in parts of in August, 2014 select freshwater shrimp pellet 1# material (40% or more crude protein, partial size 1.1mm), daily
Afternoon, 17:00-18:00 was fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 4-5% feeds 1-2 kilograms per acre every time
September part the middle ten days in mid-August, 2014-selects freshwater shrimp pellet 2# to expect (crude protein 33% or so, partial size
1.6mm), 17:00-18:00 every afternoon is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 4-5% feeds 1.5-2.5 kilograms per acre every time.
Freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm) is selected, often November in mid-September, 2014-
Its afternoon, 17:00-18:00 was fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 4-5% feeds 2-3 kilograms per acre every time.
Before and after in November, 2014 to spring, temperature is gradually reduced, select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (crude protein 36% with
On, partial size 1.6mm), select water temperature to be higher than 10 DEG C of fine day, daily 14:00-15:00 is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 0.5% is left
The right side feeds 0.5-0.75 kilograms per acre every time.
Select freshwater shrimp pellet 1# material (40% or more crude protein, partial size 1.1mm) 2 months-mid-March in 2015,
At the noon of fine day, when temperature is higher than 10 DEG C, daily 14:00-15:00 is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 1-1.5% is fed per acre every time
0.2-0.3 kilograms.
In late March, 2015 selects freshwater shrimp pellet 1# to expect (40% or more crude protein, partial size 1.1mm), and daily 16:
00-17:00 is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 1.5-2% feeds 0.2-0.4 kilograms per acre every time.
Select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm), daily 16:00- in April, 2015
17:00 is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 3-4% feeds 0.5-2.5 kilograms per acre every time.
Select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm), daily 17:00- in month, 2015
18:00 is fed 1 time, and day feeding rate 4-5% feeds 2-3 kilograms per acre every time.
Select freshwater shrimp pellet 2# material (36% or more crude protein, partial size 1.6mm), daily 17:00- in June, 2015
18:00 is fed 1 time, day feeding rate 4-5%, and commercial sized prawn carries out wheel and catches listing at this time, and freshwater shrimp deposits pool amount and gradually decreases in pond, often
It is secondary to feed 1-2 kilograms per acre.
Along pond, surrounding shoal uniformly feeds pellet.Specific feedstuff feeding is depending on the ingesting of freshwater shrimp, weather, water quality etc.
Depending on situation, in pond, 2-3 food platform is arranged in surrounding, and the remaining situation of feed on platform is eaten in morning inspection, if feed has
Residue then reduces feeding volume, conversely, then suitably increasing feeding volume.
10, autumn breeding seedlings control
On August 5th, 2014 launches big 10 tail of specification bighead of specification 0.5-0.75kg per acre.
August on September 10th, 20 days 1 in 2014, by the crude protein content of pellet near 33% or so.
Quantity of exchanged water, increase pond transparency to 40cm or so are increased simultaneously.
11, disease prevention
In August, 2014-September monthly alternately spilled once the disinfection drugs such as chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine, per acre every meter of pond
The pool uses chlorine dioxide (8%) 100g, or per acre every meter use povidone iodine (available iodine 1%) 250g, prevention gill rot, red
The bacteriosis such as body, ulcer occur.
In October, 2014, solution of zinc sulfate of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reach 0.4g/m3, prevent balantidiasis.
In November, 2014, copper-bath of full pool spilling head, 0.3g/m3 thoroughly kill the fixed class of shrimp body attachment
Infusorian enhances freshwater shrimp constitution, safe overwintering.
In March, 2015, copper-bath of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reach 0.2g/m3, prevent the hair of balantidiasis
It is raw.
In April, 2015, monthly solution of zinc sulfate of full pool spilling head, water body concentration reach 0.4g/m3, prevent balantidiasis
Generation.
Monthly alternately it spilled once the disinfection drugs such as chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine, per acre every meter of pond June in May, 2015-
The pool uses chlorine dioxide (8%) 100g, or per acre every meter use povidone iodine (available iodine 1%) 250g, prevention gill rot, red
The bacteriosis such as body, ulcer occur.
12, it catches
On 2 1st, 2015, using lobster basket, trawlnet and net fishing commercial sized prawn listing is caught up with, until dry pool fishing in next year 10 days 2 months
All freshwater shrimps, the pond 1#, 2# harvest 765 kilograms of freshwater shrimp altogether, and 85 kilograms of production freshwater shrimp per mu, the commodity rate of the stage freshwater shrimp reaches
56%, commercial sized prawn average size reaches 3.3g.
On April 22nd, 2015, using the commercial sized prawn in the lobster basket fishing pond 3#, on April 28th, 2015 does the pool and catches all blueness
Shrimp harvests 248 kilograms of freshwater shrimp altogether, and 62 kilograms of production freshwater shrimp per mu, up to 86%, commercial sized prawn average size reaches the commodity rate of freshwater shrimp
3.0g。
It is listed using the commercial sized prawn in the cage fishing pond 4# on June 7th, 2015, until on June 15th, 2015, does pool fishing
All freshwater shrimps, harvest 456 kilograms of freshwater shrimp altogether, and 76 jin of production freshwater shrimp shrimp per mu, the commodity rate of freshwater shrimp is up to 72%, commercial sized prawn average size
Up to 3.2g.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of cultural method for improving pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate, it is characterised in that: carry out as follows:
Step 1: in 2 months of cultivation freshwater shrimp current year, being cleaned up the pond and planted cold resistance water plant；
Step 2: after completing to plant cold resistance water plant, launching winter-spring season shrimp seedling；Using the long 3.5cm/ tail of body as differentiation standard, by the winter
Spring shrimp seedling is divided into 2 kinds of specifications: the winter-spring season shrimp of the long winter-spring season shrimp seedling for being less than 3.5cm/ tail of body, the long 3.5-4.5cm/ tail of body
Seedling；The fine day of 10 DEG C of water temperature of selection launches shrimp feed；Pond top dressing is given using Fertilizer water paste；
Step 3: in April, carrying out refoot a layer water, quick lime of splashing to pond, and launch shrimp feed to pond, and carry out freshwater shrimp
First time catch listing；The first time fishing of the freshwater shrimp is grown up to the winter-spring season shrimp seedling by the long 3.5-4.5cm/ tail of body
The fishing of finished product shrimp；
Step 4: in May, layer water that refoots is carried out to pond, quick lime of splashing, substrate modifier, organic antidote, and to
Launch shrimp feed in pond；Second of fishing listing of freshwater shrimp is carried out at the end of May；Second of fishing of the freshwater shrimp is to long by body
Less than the fishing for the finished product shrimp that winter-spring season shrimp seedling more than 3.5cm/ tail grows up to；
Step 5: in June, as winter-spring season cultivation shrimp fishing is completed, into shrimp culture preparation stage summer and autumn, to pond
It cleans up the pond, and plants high temperature resistant water plant；
Step 6: after completing to plant high temperature resistant water plant, launching the shrimp seedling of summer breeding；Launch shrimp feed；It refoots layer to pond
Substrate modifier, organic antidote is used alternatingly in water, quick lime of splashing；When dissolved oxygen in fish pond is in 3mg/L or less, Xiang Chi
Pool oxygenation；
Step 7: in August part, carrying out layer water that refoots to pond, and splash quick lime, substrate modifier, organic acid removing toxic substances to pond
Agent, shrimp feed；When dissolved oxygen in fish pond is in 3mg/L or less, to pool oxygenation；
Step 8: in September part, carrying out layer water that refoots to pond, substrate modifier of splashing, organic antidote, quick lime are launched
Shrimp feed；When dissolved oxygen in fish pond is in 3mg/L or less, to pool oxygenation；
Step 9: in October, launching shrimp feed；Substrate modifier, organic antidote is used alternatingly；
Step 10: 11 to December, selecting 10 DEG C of water temperature or more of fine day, launch shrimp feed；
Step 11: in the 1-2 month in next year, by all fishing listings of the freshwater shrimp in pond.
2. a kind of cultural method for improving pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate according to claim 1, feature exist
In: specific implementation method is as follows:
Step 1: being cleaned up the pond and planted cold resistance water plant；Specifically:
Firstly, carrying out the no less than 10 days solarization pools to pond in 2 months of cultivation freshwater shrimp current year；
Secondly, intake to pond, so that pond water is as deep as 10-30cm, and selects quick lime, bleaching powder, copper sulphate or tea seed cake,
It cleans up the pond；
After cleaning up the pond 7 days, continue to intake to pond, so that pond water is as deep as 30-50cm, and bio-fertilizer work of uniformly splashing to pond
For base manure, i.e. progress rich water；
The 2nd day after completing rich water described in this step, cold resistance water plant is planted in pond；
Step 2: launching winter-spring season shrimp seedling；
The plantation cold resistance water plant of step 1 is completed to the March in the year, is being launched by 15-20 kgs/acre of standard to pond
Winter-spring season shrimp seedling；
2 kinds of specifications of the winter-spring season shrimp seedling point: a length of 3.5cm/ tail specification below of specification and body of the long 3.5-4.5cm/ tail of body；
Wherein, " tail-kilogram " ratio corresponding to the winter-spring season shrimp seedling of a length of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail specification of body is 600-800 tail/public affairs
Jin；
Corresponding to the winter-spring season shrimp seedling of a length of following specification of 3.5cm/ tail of body " tail-kilogram " than be 1000-2000 tail/kilogram；
The a length of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail of body and a length of following specification of 3.5cm/ tail of body shrimp seedling is separately cultivated；
It selects water temperature up to 10 DEG C of fine day, launches shrimp feed of the crude protein content 40% or more；
Pond top dressing is given using Fertilizer water paste；
Step 3: in April, every 10-15 days, carrying out the 1 layer water that refoots, when changing water every time, quantity of exchanged water 5cm to pond；
And it splashes 1 EM bacterium probiotics to pond；In April, every 15-20 days, quick lime, quick lime spilled once to pond
Dosage control within 5 kilograms；Launch shrimp feed of the crude protein content 36% or more April；In mid or late April, utilize
The freshwater shrimp grown up to by the winter-spring season shrimp seedling of 3.5-4.5cm/ tail specification is caught and is listed by cage, by the end of April, does the pool and catches all blueness
Shrimp；
Step 4: in May, every 10-15 days, carrying out the 1 layer water that refoots, when changing water every time, quantity of exchanged water 5cm to pond；?
May spilled once quick lime to pond, the dosage of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms every 15-20 days；In May, often
Every 15-20 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic antidote is used alternatingly, is using substrate modifier or organic antidote
It 2nd day, splashes EM bacterium probiotics to pond；In May, shrimp of the crude protein content 36% or more is launched to pond daily
Feed；In late May, the cold resistance water plant in pond is removed by the way of manually cutting off, and commercial sized prawn is caught using cage
Listing, until mid or late June, the dry pool, fishing simultaneously list the blueness grown up to by the winter-spring season shrimp seedling of the long following specification of 3.5cm/ tail of body
Shrimp；
Step 5: in June, into shrimp culture stage summer and autumn, is cleaned up the pond pond and water plant is mended and plants, specifically included:
Firstly, carrying out the no less than 10 days solarization pools to pond；
Secondly, intaking after shining the pool to pond, so that pond water level reaches 30cm, and tea seed cake is selected to clean up the pond；
After cleaning up the pond 7 days, continues to intake to pond, so that pond water level reaches 30-50cm, and splash bio-fertilizer as base to pond
Fertilizer, i.e. progress rich water；
The 2nd day after completing rich water described in step 5, high temperature resistant water plant is planted in pond；
Step 6: the plantation high temperature resistant water plant of step 5 is completed to the mid-July in the year:
The shrimp seedling of summer breeding is launched to pond by 10-15 kgs/acre of standard；Corresponding to the shrimp seedling of the summer breeding
" tail-kilogram " than be 4000-6000 tail/kilogram；
Launch shrimp feed of the crude protein content 40% or more；
Every 7-10 days, bottom water 1 time for changing pond, each quantity of exchanged water was 5cm；
It every 15-20 days, splashes 1 quick lime to pond, the dosage of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms；
Every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic antidote is used alternatingly, is using substrate modifier or organic acidolysis
The 2nd day of toxic agent is splashed 1 microecological bacillus preparation to pond；
When dissolved oxygen in fish pond is lower than 3mg/L, the microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment being connected with pond is opened, to pool oxygenation；
Step 7: in August part, every 7-10 days, carrying out the 1 layer water that refoots, when changing water every time, quantity of exchanged water 5cm to pond；
In August part, every 15-20 days, quick lime spilled once to pond, the dosage of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms；
In August part, every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic antidote is used alternatingly, using substrate modifier or
After organic antidote, splash 1 microecological bacillus preparation to pond within the 2nd day；
In August part the first tenday period of a month, shrimp feed of the crude protein content 40% or more is launched；In August part the middle ten days and the last ten days, it is changed to launch crude protein
Shrimp feed of the content 33% or more；
In August part, when dissolved oxygen in fish pond is lower than 3mg/L, unlatching pond microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, to pool oxygenation；
Step 8: in September part, every 7-10 days, carrying out the 1 layer water that refoots, when changing water every time, quantity of exchanged water 5cm to pond；
In September part, every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic antidote is used alternatingly, using substrate modifier or
After organic antidote, splash 1 microecological bacillus preparation to pond within the 2nd day；
In September part, every 15-20 days, quick lime spilled once to pond, the dosage of quick lime controls within 5 kilograms；
In September part the first tenday period of a month, shrimp feed of the crude protein content 33% or so is launched；Mid or late September is changed to launch crude protein content
In 36% or more shrimp feed；
Pond microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment is opened, to pool oxygenation when dissolved oxygen in fish pond is lower than 3mg/L in September part；
Step 9: in October, launching shrimp feed of the crude protein content 36% or more；
In October, every 7-10 days, 1 substrate modifier, organic antidote is used alternatingly, using substrate modifier or
After organic antidote, splash 1 microecological bacillus preparation to pond within the 2nd day；
Step 10: 11 to December, selecting 10 DEG C of water temperature of fine day, launch shrimp feed of the crude protein content 36% or more；
Step 11: in the 1-2 month in next year, using fishing tool, the freshwater shrimp in pond being caught into listing；The fishing tool packet
It includes trawlnet, catch up with net, cage.
3. a kind of cultural method for improving pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate according to claim 2, feature exist
In: the shrimp seedling of the breeding of summer described in winter-spring season shrimp seedling, step 6 described in step 2 is F1 the and F2 generation by wild freshwater shrimp breeding
Shrimp seedling.
4. a kind of cultural method for improving pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate according to claim 2, feature exist
In: the time that the pool is shone in step 5 is 20 days.
5. a kind of cultural method for improving pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate according to claim 2, feature exist
In: 7 to September part, after encountering bad weather, need to splash resisting stress drug to pond；The bad weather is heavy rain, strong wind drop
Warm weather；The resisting stress drug is Vc, Ve and stress multidimensional medicament.
6. a kind of cultural method for improving pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate according to claim 2, feature exist
In: in mid-August to mid-September, freshwater shrimp quantity is controlled as follows:
First is that summer and autumn shrimp culture pond intercropping specification is the big specification Variegated of 0.5-0.75kg, per acre intercropping 5-10 tail；
Second is that pellet crude protein content is reduced to 33%；
Third is that reducing fertilising, quantity of exchanged water is increased, increases pond transparency to 40cm.
7. a kind of cultural method for improving pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate according to claim 2, feature exist
In: in March, April, October and November, splashes to pond and prevent the medicament of infusorian disease.
8. a kind of cultural method for improving pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate according to claim 2, feature exist
In: it 5 to September, monthly alternately splashes chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine to pond, prevents freshwater shrimp bacteriosis.
9. a kind of cultural method for improving pond freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate according to claim 8, feature exist
In: EM bacterium probiotics and microecological bacillus preparation and chlorine dioxide, povidone iodine, lime disinfection agent use the time
It is spaced in 5 days or more.
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