CN104737948A - Macrobrachium nipponensis indoor feeding and breeding method - Google Patents
Macrobrachium nipponensis indoor feeding and breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737948A CN104737948A CN201510088052.3A CN201510088052A CN104737948A CN 104737948 A CN104737948 A CN 104737948A CN 201510088052 A CN201510088052 A CN 201510088052A CN 104737948 A CN104737948 A CN 104737948A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 241000058338 Macrobrachium nipponense Species 0.000 title abstract 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000238559 Macrobrachium Species 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 241001494246 Daphnia magna Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000249201 Scenedesmus obliquus Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000007122 Scenedesmus obliquus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013527 bean curd Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001706 oxygenating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000027272 reproductive process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
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- MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a macrobrachium nipponensis indoor feeding and breeding method. The method includes the following steps: constructing a simulation ecological system, placing macrobrachium nipponensis into the simulation ecological system, feeding the macrobrachium nipponensis one time each day, and changing water one time every one week; selecting berried shrimps from the macrobrachium nipponensis to serve as parent shrimps which are placed into cultivation jars to be fed, and placing one berried shrimp into each jar; after larvae break away from the parent shrimps, placing the parent shrimps back into the simulation ecological system to be fed continuously, and placing the larvae into juvenile prawn cultivation jars for cultivation; after the zoaea larvae are just hatched, feeding the zoaea larvae two times each day, and feeding the zoaea larvae one time after the zoaea larvae get into the larva stage. According to the macrobrachium nipponensis indoor feeding and breeding method, the operability is high, frequent water changing and manual management are not needed, it can be guaranteed that the macrobrachium nipponensis can live and conduct breeding in a room for a long time, and a guarantee is provided for the smooth development of medicine environment safety assessment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to animal feeding technical field, particularly relate to the method for the Rearing and breeding in the room of a kind of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum.
Background technology
Japanese macrobrachium supernbum has another name called freshwater shrimp, is subordinate to Malacostraca, Decapoda, Natantia, Palaemonidae, and pond crayfish belongs to, and being mainly distributed in Japan and China, is one of Main economic shrimp in China's fresh water.Except western highlands, be distributed widely among lake in all parts of the country, rivers, reservoir, pond and irrigation canals and ditches, there is the features such as feeding habits are assorted, growth is fast, fertility is high, resistance against diseases is strong.The protein content of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum is high, and shrimp shell is again important industrial chemicals, is widely used in many aspects such as weaving, food, environmental protection, medicine.Therefore, Japanese macrobrachium supernbum has very high economic worth.Meanwhile, Japanese macrobrachium supernbum is responsive to poisonous and harmful substance, often by as model organism, is widely used in the fields such as toxicology, environmental science and agricultural science.China " chemical pesticide environmental safety assessment test rule " (GB/T 31270.21-2014) recommendation Japanese macrobrachium supernbum as test species, for evaluating the toxicity of agricultural chemicals to large-scale crustaceans.
The existing Japanese macrobrachium supernbum cultural method being applicable to outdoor at present, the patent No. be 201110126072.7 " a kind of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum factorial seedling-culturing method " mainly establish Japanese macrobrachium supernbum large area factorial seedling-culturing method, comprise close shrimp and seedling fostering method, object improves the income of supporting shrimp dealer.The patent No. be 201310557167.3 " cultural method of a seed shrimp " establish a kind of method that shrimp is supported in pond, object is for fisherman reduces bait cost, ensure stable yields good harvest.Current domestic most research institution can not realize the Rearing and breeding in the room of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum, research gathers all in the wild with shrimp, very easily bring pathogen contamination laboratory into from field, the kind of shrimp used does not also ensure, therefore, there is provided a kind of exercisable Japanese macrobrachium supernbum indoor feeding method, to obtaining high-quality biology examination material, ensureing that drug safety assessment is carried out smoothly, the environmental toxicity etc. of Efficient Evaluation medicine has important function.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of method of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum Rearing and breeding in the room, can ensure that Japanese macrobrachium supernbum breeds at indoor persistent existence, for Drug safety assessment provides high-quality biology examination material.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, providing a kind of method of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum Rearing and breeding in the room, comprising the following steps:
The raising of S1, Japanese macrobrachium supernbum: build model ecosystem, Japanese macrobrachium supernbum is placed in model ecosystem, and every day, feeding 1 time, changed weekly 1 water;
The breeding of S2, Japanese macrobrachium supernbum: select shrimp with ovums and put into culturing jar as close shrimp and raise from Japanese macrobrachium supernbum, put into 1 tail shrimp with ovums in each cylinder; Depart from after close shrimp until Magna zoea larva, put back to by close shrimp in model ecosystem and continue to raise, Magna zoea larva is then put into juvenile prawn culturing jar and is cultivated;
S3, larval culture: after Magna zoea larva is just hatched, every day feeding 2 times, after Magna zoea larva enters juvenile stage, every day feeding 1 time.
Above-mentioned method, preferably, the feed of feeding described in described step S1 is commercially available bean curd, and feeding amount is that Japanese macrobrachium supernbum eats up in 1 day as degree.
Above-mentioned method, preferably, the raising water temperature of described Japanese macrobrachium supernbum is 18 ~ 28 DEG C.
Above-mentioned method, preferably, quantity of exchanged water described in described step S1 is 1/3 of total Water.
Above-mentioned method, preferably, the method for changing water described in described step S1 is siphonage.
Above-mentioned method, preferably, raising water temperature in the reproductive process of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum described in described step S2 is 26 ~ 28 DEG C.
Above-mentioned method, preferably, in larval culture process described in described step S3, the feed of Magna zoea larva feeding is soya-bean milk, the feed entering juvenile stage feeding is bean curd, and the raising water temperature in larval culture process is 26 ~ 28 DEG C, and adopts oxygenating air pump to continue oxygenation.
Above-mentioned method, preferably, the process building model ecosystem described in described step S1 is: in culturing jar, add raising water to water surface elevation is 0.3 ~ 0.6m, then puts into pasture and water, scenedesmus obliquus, Daphnia magna, spiral shell, sandstone, tile, 40 order nylon graticule mesh.
Above-mentioned method, preferably, described pasture and water coverage rate is 5 ~ 10% of cylinder bottom area; The inoculum density of scenedesmus obliquus is 1 × 10
3~ 3 × 10
3individual/L; Gravel size is 0.5 ~ 1.0cm; The thickness of cylinder bottom sanding stone is 3 ~ 6cm; 40 order nylon graticule mesh are of a size of 0.6 m × 0.5 m; The quantity of Daphnia magna is 50 ~ 100; The quantity of spiral shell is 15 ~ 30.Preferably, spiral shell is careless spiral shell, radish spiral shell.
Above-mentioned method, preferably, described raising water is deposit 24 more than h and through the running water of Air Exposure, pH is 6.5 ~ 8.5, and water hardness is 10 ~ 250mg/L, and ammonia-nitrogen content is lower than 0.5 mg/L.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention provides a kind of method of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum Rearing and breeding in the room, workable, do not need to change water and behavior adjustment management frequently, the long term survival of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum in indoor and breeding can be ensured, for carrying out smoothly of pharmaceutical environment safety evaluation provides safeguard.
(2) the invention provides a kind of model ecosystem of raising for Japanese macrobrachium supernbum, comprise pasture and water, scenedesmus obliquus, Daphnia magna, spiral shell, sandstone, tile, 40 order nylon graticule mesh etc., pasture and water and green alga can carry out photosynthesis release O
2increase dissolved oxygen in water, pasture and water and green alga can be used as the bait of spiral shell or Daphnia magna simultaneously, the ovum of spiral shell and Daphnia magna can be used as again the bait food of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum, the excreta etc. of Daphnia magna, spiral shell and pond crayfish can provide abundant N, P element for plant growth again, and pasture and water, sandstone, tile, nylon graticule mesh provide habitat for pond crayfish.Form food chain between biology, between each key element, form ecological chain capable of circulation, for maintenance water stabilization, there is important function.
(3) the present invention by the young of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum with become shrimp to separate to cultivate, avoid into shrimp and take food the young, ensure that the continued propagation of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, clear, complete description is carried out to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the model ecosystem that Japanese macrobrachium supernbum is raised.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and concrete preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but protection domain not thereby limiting the invention.
Embodiment
The material adopted in following examples and instrument are commercially available.
embodiment 1:
The raising method of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum
1, material prepares:
Culturing jar: select 1 volume about 500 L(length × wide × height to be 1.2 m × 0.7, m × 0.6 square glass cylinders m), soaks glass jar 30 min with 20 mg/L liquor potassic permanganates, and rinses well as culturing jar with clear water.Culturing jar is placed on the place without sun direct projection, adding circulated water system in culturing jar.
Raising water: deposit 24 more than h and through the running water of Air Exposure, pH is 7.5, and water hardness is (with CaCO
3meter) be 46 mg/L, ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.01 mg/L.
2, model ecosystem is built: adding water to water surface elevation in culturing jar is 0.5 m.In culturing jar, put into pasture and water, scenedesmus obliquus, Daphnia magna, spiral shell, sandstone, tile, be of a size of the 40 order nylon graticule mesh etc. of 0.6 m × 0.5 m.Pasture and water coverage rate is about 6% of cylinder bottom area, and inoculum density is 3.6 × 10
4the scenedesmus obliquus 10mL of individual/mL, adds 50 Daphnia magna, puts into 15 radish spiral shells, puts into the sandstone that particle diameter is 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, and the thickness of cylinder bottom sanding stone is 3 cm.
3, indoor feeding Japanese macrobrachium supernbum: in model ecosystem, raises Japanese macrobrachium supernbum with the water temperature of 18 ~ 28 DEG C, and 1 commercially available bean curd of throwing something and feeding every day, bean curd is cut into 1cm
3the fritter of left and right puts into the resin lunch box of culturing jar placement in advance, and feeding volume, to eat up in shrimp 1d, does not cause water quality deterioration degree of being.Change weekly 1 water, utilize siphonage to change bottom water, each quantity of exchanged water is 1/3 of total Water.
In 1 year, there is not disease in the Japanese macrobrachium supernbum well-grown of raising, seldom occurs abnormal growth phenomenon.
embodiment 2
The propagation method of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum, the raising water that the present embodiment adopts is deposit 24 more than h and through the running water of Air Exposure, pH is 7.5, and water hardness is (with CaCO
3meter) be 46 mg/L, ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.01 mg/L.
1, selecting 1 volume to be 8 L(length × wide × height is 0.2 m × 0.2, m × 0.2 square glass cylinder m), soaks glass jar 30 min, and rinse well as culturing jar with clear water with 20 mg/L liquor potassic permanganates.
2,1 tail shrimp with ovums is put into above-mentioned culturing jar, adding raising water to water surface elevation is 0.1m, and adopts the abundant aeration of oxygenating air pump, and water temperature controls at 26 ~ 28 DEG C, feed every day 1 earthworm and a small amount of bean curd.After after 21 d, Magna zoea larva departs from close shrimp, put back to by close shrimp in model ecosystem and continue to raise, Magna zoea larva is put into juvenile prawn culturing jar and is cultivated.
3, select 1 volume 160 L(length × wide × height to be 0.8 m × 0.5, m × 0.4 square glass cylinder m), soak glass jar 30 min with 20 mg/L liquor potassic permanganates, and rinse well with clear water, as juvenile prawn culturing jar.In juvenile prawn culturing jar, add raising water to water surface elevation is 0.4 m.Pasture and water, scenedesmus obliquus, Daphnia magna, spiral shell, sandstone, tile etc. are put in juvenile prawn culturing jar.Pasture and water coverage rate is about 10% of cylinder bottom area, and inoculum density is 3.6 × 10
4individual/mL scenedesmus obliquus 3.5 mL, adds 50 Daphnia magna, puts into 15 radish spiral shells, and putting into gravel size is 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, and the thickness of cylinder bottom sanding stone is 3 cm, uses the abundant aeration of oxygenating air pump in juvenile prawn culturing jar, raises water temperature and controls at 26 ~ 28 DEG C.Juvenile prawn culturing jar is placed on the place without sun direct projection.
4, Magna zoea larva starts soya-bean milk of throwing something and feeding after hatching, and every day, 8:30 and 14:30 threw something and fed 1 time respectively.After being developed to juvenile stage after Magna zoea larva 18d, every day, 9:30 threw something and fed 1 commercially available bean curd, bean curd was cut into 1 cm
3the fritter of left and right is thrown something and fed, and feeding volume, to eat up in shrimp 1d, does not cause water quality deterioration degree of being.The shrimp stage is entered into after Japanese macrobrachium supernbum larval culture 50 d.
Final survival is also cultivated to becoming the Japanese macrobrachium supernbum in shrimp stage to have 267 tails, achieves the lasting raising of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum in indoor and breeding.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention.Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but and be not used to limit the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, when not departing from Spirit Essence of the present invention and technical scheme, the Method and Technology content of above-mentioned announcement all can be utilized to make many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or be revised as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent replacement, equivalence change and modification, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (10)
1. a method for Japanese macrobrachium supernbum Rearing and breeding in the room, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The raising of S1, Japanese macrobrachium supernbum: build model ecosystem, Japanese macrobrachium supernbum is placed in model ecosystem, and every day, feeding 1 time, changed weekly 1 water;
The breeding of S2, Japanese macrobrachium supernbum: select shrimp with ovums and put into culturing jar as close shrimp and raise from Japanese macrobrachium supernbum, put into 1 tail shrimp with ovums in each cylinder; Depart from after close shrimp until Magna zoea larva, put back to by close shrimp in model ecosystem and continue to raise, Magna zoea larva is then put into juvenile prawn culturing jar and is cultivated;
S3, larval culture: after Magna zoea larva is just hatched, every day feeding 2 times, after Magna zoea larva is developed to juvenile stage, every day feeding 1 time.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the feed of feeding described in described step S1 is commercially available bean curd, and feeding amount is that Japanese macrobrachium supernbum eats up in 1 day as degree.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the raising water temperature of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum described in described step S1 is 18 ~ 28 DEG C.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, quantity of exchanged water described in described step S1 is 1/3 of total Water.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the method for changing water described in described step S1 is siphonage.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, raising water temperature in the reproductive process of Japanese macrobrachium supernbum described in described step S2 is 26 ~ 28 DEG C.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in larval culture process described in described step S3, the feed of Magna zoea larva feeding is soya-bean milk, the feed entering juvenile stage feeding is bean curd, and raising water temperature is 26 ~ 28 DEG C, and adopts oxygenating air pump to continue oxygenation.
8. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the process building model ecosystem described in described step S1 is: in culturing jar, add raising water to water surface elevation is 0.3 ~ 0.6m, then puts into pasture and water, scenedesmus obliquus, Daphnia magna, spiral shell, sandstone, tile, 40 order nylon graticule mesh.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described pasture and water coverage rate is 5 ~ 10% of cylinder bottom area; The inoculum density of scenedesmus obliquus is 1 × 10
3~ 3 × 10
3individual/L; Gravel size is 0.5 ~ 1.0cm; The thickness of cylinder bottom sanding stone is 3 ~ 6cm; 40 order nylon graticule mesh are of a size of 0.6 m × 0.5 m; The quantity of Daphnia magna is 50 ~ 100; The quantity of spiral shell is 15 ~ 30.
10. method according to any one of claim 1 to 9, is characterized in that, described raising water is deposit 24 more than h and through the running water of Air Exposure, pH is 6.5 ~ 8.5, and water hardness is 10 ~ 250mg/L, and ammonia-nitrogen content is lower than 0.5 mg/L.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105994026A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | Breeding method for improving commercial specification and commercial rate of freshwater shrimps |
| CN107637553A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-30 | 上海开太鱼文化发展有限公司 | Macrobrachium rosenbergii feeding method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105994026A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | Breeding method for improving commercial specification and commercial rate of freshwater shrimps |
| CN105994026B (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2019-01-29 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | A kind of cultural method improving freshwater shrimp commercial specification and commodity rate |
| CN107637553A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-30 | 上海开太鱼文化发展有限公司 | Macrobrachium rosenbergii feeding method |
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