A kind of fish crab culturing pool and cultural method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aquaculture pond, be specifically related to a kind of cultivating pool of fish crab mixed breed and use the method for this pond culture fish crab.
Background technology
In recent years, China's fresh water water quality is in continuous deterioration.Its honor of Agricultural University Of Nanjing Shen etc. show the investigation in Taihu Lake, from body eutrophication Material Source, account for 20% from the nutrient contribution rate in inflow Taihu Lake, farmland, account for 40% from aquatic products, livestock and poultry cultivation, account for 20% ~ 30% from town domestic sewage and mud, also have other sources to account for 10% ~ 20%.Self water that illustrates that aquaculture causes pollutes and can not despise.
In order to administer breeding pollution, from country to place, all take a series of behave.Be example take Jiangsu, important culturing area has all completed circulating water cultivation transformation of facility.For this reason, Government and enterprise has all dropped into a large amount of man power and materials.
But, cause the so-called pollutant of body eutrophication, be mainly nitrogen and phosphorus, for aquaculture, be also nutriment.These nutriments are utilized by micro-algae, and micro-algae is eaten by zooplankton and filter-feeding aquatic animal again, thereby become directly or indirectly the natural bait of aquatic livestock.Micro-algae also produces oxygen by photosynthesis, for aquatic animal provides sufficient dissolved oxygen." when the water is too clear there are no fish ", cultivating pool requires water quality to have certain fertile degree.
High-density breeding pond is because the oxygen demand of cultivated animals is higher than micro-algae photosynthesis oxygen-producing amount, thereby often occurs the phenomenon that anoxic is raised the nose above water to breathe, especially after midnight with sunrise before and after.In order to guarantee fish normal growth, need to be equipped with aerator.But for foster crab (Eriocheir sinensia, also claim river crab, crab) pond, because breeding density is very low, Yield Fish Culture Ponds river crab output also only has 100kg left and right, and in pond, needing to plant the shelter of a large amount of pasture and water as crab shelling, its photosynthesis oxygen-producing amount far exceedes crab oxygen demand, causes pond dissolved oxygen supersaturation, especially afternoon at fine day, more than dissolved oxygen can reach 15mg/L.Meanwhile, photosynthesis consumes CO2, and PH is raised to more than 9.5, and so high dissolved oxygen and PH are also unfavorable for river crab growth and healthy, and crab body colour is also had to certain negative effect.Simultaneously, pasture and water have competitive inhibition to micro-algae, support crab pond clear water matter and make river crab can not obtain enough natural baits, thereby also just can not obtain the nutriments relevant with health with body colour such as astaxanthin contained in micro-algaes that himself can not synthesize but many.In addition, the pasture and water of supporting crab pond undue growth also need to remove, and the pasture and water of salvaging out are often thrown away in bank formation secondary pollution.But eel grass, the waterweed etc. in foster crab pond, planted can be used as the bait of herbivorous fishes.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of fish crab culturing pool and cultural method thereof, and fish crab is supported altogether in same environment, and the excessive dissolved oxygen that the pollutant such as nitrogen, phosphorus that realizing breeds fish produces and foster crab produce and the recycling of pasture and water reach the fish crab effect of fertilizer mutually.
To achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of fish crab culturing pool, described culturing pool area is not less than 10 mu, comprise He Yangxie district, fish farming area, described fish farming area is positioned at periphery, Yang Xie district, and the described fish farming area depth of water is not less than 130cm, the described Yang Xie district depth of water is not less than 50cm, between He Yangxie district, described fish farming area, be provided with crab and prevent escaping separation net, described separation net mesh size is less than 2.2cm, and the Area Ratio in Yu Yangxie district, described fish farming area is that 3:7 is to 7:3.
In technique scheme, described Yang Xie district one side is provided with projection, in described fish farming area, be provided with gate along protruding bearing of trend, in Yu Yangxie district, described gate upper end projection, along flushing, described projection and gate can surround the dispenser region of a sealing in fish farming area.
In technique scheme, described height of projection is at least 30cm, in described projection, is provided with anti-escape device, and described anti-escape device is generally calcium-plastic board.
In technique scheme, described culturing pool is rectangle.
Further technical scheme, as required, is also provided with aerator in described fish farming area.
A kind of fish crab cultural method, culturing pool is divided into He Yangxie district, fish farming area, described Yang Xie district is in centre, periphery, Yang Xie district is located in described fish farming area, between He Yangxie district, described fish farming area, separation net is set, and described separation net mesh size is less than 2.2cm, water is introduced to culturing pool, make the fish farming area depth of water be not less than 130cm, the Yang Xie district depth of water is not less than 50cm, throws in respectively fingerling and crab kind in He Yangxie district, fish farming area.
In technique scheme, fish farming area planted agent puts the herbivorous fishes such as bream, grass carp in a suitable place to breed, is especially advisable with large size fingerling, to reduce medication probability.
The present invention is in the time of dispenser, all surface in the bossing and the gate upper end that first cultivation pool inner water potential drop are low to moderate to Yang Xie district, close a side gate, use water pump to make water form current to opposite side gate direction in fish farming area, utilize fish to like habit that adverse current is moved about that fish is drawn to dispenser region and then close opposite side gate.After dispenser, can reduce drug concentration by the method for changing water in applying area, then open the sluices, moisturizing is to suitable water level.
Because technique scheme is used, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantages:
1. will to cultivate Division be He Yangxie district, fish farming area in the present invention, fish crab is carried out to mixed breed, the excessive dissolved oxygen in Yang Xie district can be that fish are used, micro-algae of fish farming area can be improved crab body colour and local flavor, the pasture and water of Yang Xie district undue growth also can be herbivorous fishes and eat, realize the recycling of pollutant, reduce breeding water body oxygen enrichment, realize fish crab fertilizer mutually.
2. Yang Xie of the present invention district one side is provided with projection, in fish farming area, be provided with two gates along protruding bearing of trend, when water level is down to after projection surfaces, projection forms independently dispenser region with gate and edge, fish farming area, in deployed dispenser region, after drug concentration, open the sluices, water level is returned to starting altitude, thereby can reduce conventional application method because of the impact of drug concentration inequality on fish crab, and simplified dispenser process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of culturing pool of the present invention in embodiment mono-.
Fig. 2 is the side sectional view of Fig. 1.
Wherein: 1, culturing pool; 2, fish farming area; 3, Yang Xie district; 4, separation net; 5, projection; 6, gate; 7, anti-escape device; 8, dispenser region.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment mono-: shown in Figure 1, a kind of fish crab culturing pool, described culturing pool 1 area is not less than 10 mu, comprise 2 He Yangxie districts 3, fish farming area, described fish farming area is positioned at periphery, Yang Xie district, and the described fish farming area depth of water is not less than 130cm, the described Yang Xie district depth of water is not less than 50cm, between He Yangxie district, described fish farming area, be provided with crab and prevent escaping separation net 4, described separation net mesh size is less than 2.2cm, and the Area Ratio in Yu Yangxie district, described fish farming area is that 3:7 is to 7:3.
In the present embodiment, Yang Xie district one side is provided with the projection 5 that is not less than 30cm, and projection is provided with anti-escape device 7, in fish farming area, is provided with gate 6 along protruding bearing of trend, the upper edge of Yu Yangxie district, gate upper end projection flushes, and projection and gate can surround the dispenser region 8 of a sealing in fish farming area.
As required, in fish farming area of the present invention, be also provided with aerator.
A kind of fish crab cultural method, culturing pool is divided into He Yangxie district, fish farming area, described Yang Xie district is in centre, periphery, Yang Xie district is located in described fish farming area, between He Yangxie district, described fish farming area, separation net is set, water is introduced to culturing pool, make the fish farming area depth of water be not less than 130cm, the Yang Xie district depth of water is not less than 50cm, throws in respectively fingerling and the crab kind of herbivorous fishes in He Yangxie district, fish farming area.