CN109197204B - Method for cultivating new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance - Google Patents
Method for cultivating new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating a new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance, and belongs to the technical field of cultivation of new varieties of plants. The invention realizes the cultivation of a new variety of the dragon fruit with high cold resistance through three steps of parent cultivation, pollination treatment and cold-resistant cultivation. The invention adopts the principle of combining bee pollination and artificial pollination, the artificial pollination adopts a night mode, three nights are taken as a period for pollination, trehalose, the extract of the dwarf crape myrtle, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, sodium lauroyl glutamate and boric acid are combined with pollen for pollination when in pollination, and the quality and the disease resistance of the plant can be greatly improved. The pollen germination rate is 94.1-95.7%, the pollination and fruit bearing rate is 95.5-96.2%, the yield of single fruit seeds is 1405-1411 g, the edible rate is 94.4-95.3%, the yield per mu reaches 8980-8986 kg/mu, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new plant variety cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of a new high-cold-resistance pitaya variety.
Background
The dragon fruit is tropical and subtropical fruit, and is light-loving, yin-tolerant, heat-resistant, drought-resistant, fertilizer-loving and barren-resistant. The plant can grow rapidly in warm and humid environment with sufficient light, and the plant should be watered more when cultivated in open field in spring and summer to keep the root system in a vigorous growth state, and the plant should be drained in time in continuous rainy days to avoid stem and meat rot caused by pathogen infection. Its stem can be stuck on rock, and can be grown, and its plant can resist strong wind force, and its support can resist typhoon. The pitaya can resist low temperature of 0 ℃ and high temperature of 40 ℃, and the optimal growth temperature is 25-35 ℃. The dragon fruit can adapt to various soils, but the dragon fruit is preferably neutral soil and weakly acidic soil which contain much humus, retain water and fertilizer.
At present, most varieties of dragon fruits have drought resistance and do not have the characteristic of cold resistance, so that the cultivation conditions of the dragon fruits are limited, and the market supply and the industrial requirements of the dragon fruits are severely restricted. It should be understood that the pollination technical conditions of the pitaya are not mature enough, the pollination process is usually completed late at night, the pollination labor intensity is high, the pollination is single, only a simple general pollination method is adopted, namely pollen of stamens is pollinated to pistil stigma, the substantial effect cannot be achieved, and the quality of the pitaya is not high enough. If the cold resistance of the dragon fruit can be improved by adopting special pollination treatment, the quality of the dragon fruit can also be improved, the yield of the dragon fruit can be improved, and the production benefit is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new variety breeding method for improving the cold resistance and the quality of pitaya and simultaneously improving the pollination quality and the yield of the pitaya.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
A method for cultivating a new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance comprises the following steps:
1) parent breeding: taking a variety of the cultured mature pterodonta flagelliforme as a stock and the ruby dragon fruit as a scion, and culturing a dragon fruit hybrid i; selfing a pitaya hybrid i for 3-4 generations, selecting a dominant homozygous plant as a female parent and a brilliant red dragon as a male parent, hybridizing to obtain a hybrid ii, and sowing the hybrid ii in ridges according to the variety of the parent, wherein 4-5 rows are sowed in each ridge and 4 plants are sowed in each hole;
2) and (3) pollination treatment: after the hybrid ii in the step 1) continuously grows for two breeding periods, pollinating 5-8 days after the dragon fruit enters the fruit producing period, arranging a plurality of beehives around the dragon fruit tree, releasing bees at 8-9 o' clock in the morning to allow the dragon fruit to pollinate freely, and adopting a segmented pollination method at night, which specifically comprises the following steps:
picking stamens of pitaya in the first night, separating anthers, drying the anthers, popping pollen, dividing the pollen into two parts according to the mass ratio of 3-4: 6-7, namely pollen A and pollen B, preparing the pollen A and water into a suspension, filling the suspension into a sprayer, and spraying the suspension at a certain height from pistil stigma;
secondly, mixing and stirring the pollen B, the trehalose, the banaba extract and the water into a pollen suspension liquid according to the mass ratio of 24-26: 4-7: 2-3: 160-180 at night on the next day, then putting the pollen suspension liquid into a sprayer, spraying the pollen suspension liquid at a certain height away from a pistil stigma, collecting the pollen before pollination, and dividing the pollen into two equal parts, namely pollen C and pollen D;
thirdly, pollinating by using an electrostatic spray agent in a pollination liquid prepared from pollen D, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, boric acid and water and having the pollen concentration of 1.2-1.6 g/L at night of the third day, and pollinating by using three nights as a period until pollination is finished;
3) and (3) cold-resistant cultivation: collecting the seeds harvested in the step 2), planting the seeds on another land, performing seeding and fertilizing treatment, performing tissue culture on stem tissue of the grown dragon fruits to obtain dragon fruit virus-free seedlings, then transplanting the dragon fruit virus-free seedlings into a plastic greenhouse, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 5-9 ℃, removing dead seedlings after culturing for four months, adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse to be-16 to-4 ℃, culturing for four months, removing the dead seedlings, transplanting the seedlings subjected to low-temperature treatment into a natural environment to continue growing, harvesting the mature seeds to obtain diploid seeds with homozygous genotype, continuously seeding the diploid plants, selfing the diploid plants, and selecting the diploid plants with excellent and stable characters in the progeny as new varieties for culturing.
Further, the mass ratio of the pollen A to the water in the step (i) is 1: 20-32.
Further, adding the pollen C into the pollen suspension liquid, shaking up, and using, wherein the adding amount of the pollen C cannot be too much, and the adding amount is controlled to be 25-35% of the mass of the suspension liquid.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the pollen D, the sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, the sodium lauroyl glutamate, the boric acid and the water in the third step is 28-41: 4-9: 4-7: 0.5-1: 170-190.
Further, the fertilizer in the step 3) is an organic fertilizer which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 66-73 parts of urea, 61-69 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 11-19 parts of calcium bentonite, 8-14 parts of laxogenin, 5-12 parts of coconut husk, 4-7 parts of pseudomonas mendocina powder, 4-6 parts of enterobacter cloacae powder, 1-2 parts of folium artemisiae argyi powder and 0.5-0.9 part of diethylene glycol.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1) according to the invention, three different varieties are subjected to grafting hybridization treatment before pollination treatment, so that the gene recombination and homozygosity degree are improved, the environment adaptation capability of the varieties is improved, the elimination rate of the varieties due to the inadaptation to the environment is reduced, and the survival rule of the suitable people is met.
2) The invention adopts the principle of combining bee pollination and artificial pollination, the artificial pollination adopts a night mode, three nights are taken as a period for pollination, trehalose, a crape myrtle extracting solution, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, sodium lauroyl glutamate and boric acid are taken for pollination while pollination, the method has the advantages that the cold resistance of plants is improved on one hand, and on the other hand, the drug resistance of the plants can be generated when the same drug is used by the crops, because the pollination time is not too long, the drug resistance can not be generated when three nights are taken as a period, and on the contrary, the quality and the disease resistance of the plants can be greatly improved.
3) The method carries out cold resistance exercise after pollination is finished, and the exercise is respectively carried out in two intervals of 5-9 ℃ and-16-4 ℃, which is not divided into three-segment or four-segment step-by-step treatment in the general sense, because the cold resistance treatment is carried out in the pollination process before the process, the death of seedlings can not be caused greatly, and the treated pitaya seedlings have extremely strong cold resistance and cultivation quality.
4) The pollen germination rate is 94.1-95.7%, the pollination and fruit bearing rate is 95.5-96.2%, the yield of single fruit seeds is 1405-1411 g, the pollen viability is 92.1-92.8%, the edible rate is 94.4-95.3%, the yield per mu reaches 8980-8986 kg/mu, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of specific examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments, and that any changes and/or modifications may be made to the present invention within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for cultivating a new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance comprises the following steps:
1) parent breeding: taking a variety of the cultured mature pterodonta flagelliforme as a stock and the ruby dragon fruit as a scion, and culturing a dragon fruit hybrid i; selfing 3 generations of a pitaya hybrid seed i, hybridizing the pitaya hybrid seed i with a dominant homozygous plant serving as a female parent and a brilliant red dragon serving as a male parent to obtain a hybrid seed ii, and sowing the hybrid seed ii in ridges according to the variety of the parent, wherein 4 rows are sown in each ridge and 4 plants are sown in each hole;
2) and (3) pollination treatment: after the hybrid ii in the step 1) continuously grows for two breeding periods, pollinating 5 days after the dragon fruit enters the fruit producing period, arranging a plurality of beehives around the dragon fruit tree, releasing bees at 8-9 o' clock in the morning to pollinate the dragon fruit freely, and adopting a segmented pollination method at night, which specifically comprises the following steps:
picking stamens of pitaya in the first night, separating anthers, drying the anthers, popping pollen, dividing the pollen into two parts according to the mass ratio of 3:6, namely pollen A and pollen B, preparing a suspension of the pollen A and water, filling the suspension into a sprayer, and spraying the suspension at a certain height from pistil stigma; the mass ratio of the pollen A to the water is 1: 20.
Secondly, mixing and stirring the pollen B, the trehalose, the banaba extract and the water according to the mass ratio of 24:4:2:160 at night to form a pollen suspension, then putting the pollen suspension into a sprayer, spraying the pollen suspension at a certain height away from the pistil stigma, collecting the pollen before pollination, and dividing the pollen into two equal parts, namely pollen C and pollen D; the pollen C is added into the pollen suspension liquid and is used after being shaken uniformly, and the adding amount of the pollen C is controlled to be 25% of the mass of the suspension liquid.
Thirdly, pollinating by using an electrostatic spray agent in a pollination liquid prepared from pollen D, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, boric acid and water and having the pollen concentration of 1.2-1.6 g/L at night of the third day, and pollinating by using three nights as a period until pollination is finished; the mass ratio of the pollen D, the sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, the sodium lauroyl glutamate, the boric acid and the water is 28:4:4:0.5: 170.
3) And (3) cold-resistant cultivation: collecting the seeds harvested in the step 2), planting the seeds on another land, performing seeding and fertilizing treatment, performing tissue culture on stem tissue of the grown dragon fruits to obtain dragon fruit virus-free seedlings, then transplanting the dragon fruit virus-free seedlings into a plastic greenhouse, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 5 ℃, removing dead seedlings after culturing for four months, adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse to be-16 ℃, culturing for four months, simultaneously removing dead seedlings, transplanting the seedlings after low-temperature treatment into the natural environment to continue to grow, harvesting the mature seeds to obtain diploid seeds with homozygous genotype, continuously seeding the diploid plants, selfing the diploid plants, and selecting the diploid plants with excellent and stable characters as new varieties for culturing in the progeny. The fertilizer is an organic fertilizer which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 66kg of urea, 61kg of monopotassium phosphate, 11kg of calcium-based bentonite, 8kg of laxogenin, 5kg of coco coir, 4kg of pseudomonas mendocina powder, 4kg of enterobacter cloacae powder, 1kg of folium artemisiae argyi powder and 0.5kg of diethylene glycol.
Example 2
A method for cultivating a new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance comprises the following steps:
1) parent breeding: taking a variety of the cultured mature pterodonta flagelliforme as a stock and the ruby dragon fruit as a scion, and culturing a dragon fruit hybrid i; selfing 3 generations of a pitaya hybrid seed i, hybridizing the pitaya hybrid seed i with a dominant homozygous plant serving as a female parent and a brilliant red dragon serving as a male parent to obtain a hybrid seed ii, and sowing the hybrid seed ii in ridges according to the variety of the parent, wherein 4 rows are sown in each ridge and 4 plants are sown in each hole;
2) and (3) pollination treatment: after the hybrid ii in the step 1) continuously grows for two breeding periods, pollinating the dragon fruit 6 days after the dragon fruit enters the fruit producing period, arranging a plurality of beehives around the dragon fruit tree, releasing bees at 8-9 o' clock in the morning to pollinate the dragon fruit freely, and adopting a segmented pollination method at night, which specifically comprises the following steps:
picking stamens of pitaya in the first night, separating anthers, drying the anthers, popping pollen, dividing the pollen into two parts according to the mass ratio of 3.5:6.5, namely pollen A and pollen B respectively, preparing the pollen A and water into a suspension, filling the suspension into a sprayer, and spraying the suspension at a certain height away from pistil stigma; the mass ratio of the pollen A to the water is 1: 26.
Secondly, mixing and stirring the pollen B, the trehalose, the banaba extract and the water at a mass ratio of 25:6:2:170 at night the next day to form a pollen suspension, then putting the pollen suspension into a sprayer, spraying the pollen suspension at a certain height away from the pistil stigma, collecting the pollen before pollination, and dividing the pollen into two equal parts, namely pollen C and pollen D; the pollen C is added into the pollen suspension liquid and is used after being evenly shaken, and the adding amount of the pollen C is controlled to be 30% of the mass of the suspension liquid.
Thirdly, pollinating by using an electrostatic spray agent in a pollination solution with pollen concentration of 1.4g/L prepared from pollen D, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, boric acid and water at night of the third day, and thus pollinating by taking three nights as a period until pollination is finished; the mass ratio of the pollen D, the sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, the sodium lauroyl glutamate, the boric acid and the water is 34:6:5:0.7: 180.
3) And (3) cold-resistant cultivation: collecting the seeds harvested in the step 2), planting the seeds on another land, performing seeding and fertilizing treatment, performing tissue culture on stem tissue of the grown dragon fruits to obtain dragon fruit virus-free seedlings, then transplanting the dragon fruit virus-free seedlings into a plastic greenhouse, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 7 ℃, removing dead seedlings after culturing for four months, adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse to be-12 ℃, culturing for four months, simultaneously removing dead seedlings, transplanting the seedlings after low-temperature treatment into the natural environment to continue to grow, harvesting the mature seeds to obtain diploid seeds with homozygous genotype, continuously seeding the diploid plants, selfing the diploid plants, and selecting the diploid plants with excellent and stable characters as new varieties for culturing in the progeny. The fertilizer is an organic fertilizer which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 69.5kg of urea, 65kg of monopotassium phosphate, 18kg of calcium-based bentonite, 11kg of laxogenin, 8.5kg of coco coir, 5.5kg of pseudomonas mendocina powder, 5kg of enterobacter cloacae powder, 1.5kg of folium artemisiae argyi powder and 0.7kg of diethylene glycol.
Example 3
A method for cultivating a new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance comprises the following steps:
1) parent breeding: taking a variety of the cultured mature pterodonta flagelliforme as a stock and the ruby dragon fruit as a scion, and culturing a dragon fruit hybrid i; selfing a pitaya hybrid i for 4 generations, selecting a dominant homozygous plant as a female parent and a brilliant red dragon as a male parent, hybridizing to obtain a hybrid ii, and sowing the hybrid ii in ridges according to the variety of the parent, wherein 5 rows are sown in each ridge and 4 plants are sown in each hole;
2) and (3) pollination treatment: after the hybrid ii in the step 1) continuously grows for two breeding periods, pollinating 8 days after the dragon fruit enters the fruit producing period, arranging a plurality of beehives around the dragon fruit tree, releasing bees at 8-9 o' clock in the morning to allow the dragon fruit to pollinate freely, and adopting a segmented pollination method at night, which specifically comprises the following steps:
picking stamens of pitaya in the first night, separating anthers, drying the anthers, popping pollen, dividing the pollen into two parts according to the mass ratio of 4:7, namely pollen A and pollen B, preparing a suspension of the pollen A and water, filling the suspension into a sprayer, and spraying the suspension at a certain height from pistil stigma; the mass ratio of the pollen A to the water is 1: 32.
Secondly, mixing and stirring the pollen B, the trehalose, the banaba extract and the water according to the mass ratio of 26:7:3:180 at night to form a pollen suspension, then putting the pollen suspension into a sprayer, spraying the pollen suspension at a certain height away from the pistil stigma, collecting the pollen before pollination, and dividing the pollen into two equal parts, namely pollen C and pollen D; the pollen C is added into the pollen suspension liquid and is used after being evenly shaken, and the adding amount of the pollen C is controlled to be 35% of the mass of the suspension liquid.
Thirdly, pollinating by using an electrostatic spray agent in a pollination solution with pollen concentration of 1.6g/L prepared from pollen D, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, boric acid and water at night of the third day, and thus pollinating by taking three nights as a period until pollination is finished; the mass ratio of the pollen D, the sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, the sodium lauroyl glutamate, the boric acid and the water is 41:9:7:1: 190.
3) And (3) cold-resistant cultivation: collecting the seeds harvested in the step 2), planting the seeds on another land, performing seeding and fertilizing treatment, performing tissue culture on stem tissue of the grown dragon fruits to obtain dragon fruit virus-free seedlings, then transplanting the dragon fruit virus-free seedlings into a plastic greenhouse, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 9 ℃, removing dead seedlings after culturing for four months, adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse to be-4 ℃, culturing for four months, simultaneously removing dead seedlings, transplanting the seedlings after low-temperature treatment into the natural environment to continue to grow, harvesting the mature seeds to obtain diploid seeds with homozygous genotype, continuously seeding the diploid plants, selfing the diploid plants, and selecting the diploid plants with excellent and stable characters as new varieties for culturing in the progeny. The fertilizer is an organic fertilizer which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 73kg of urea, 69kg of monopotassium phosphate, 19kg of calcium-based bentonite, 14kg of laxogenin sapogenin, 12kg of coco coir, 7kg of pseudomonas mendocina powder, 6kg of enterobacter cloacae powder, 2kg of folium artemisiae argyi powder and 0.9kg of diethylene glycol.
Examples of the experiments
The cultivation method disclosed by the invention has stronger cold resistance and higher yield for the cultivation of new varieties of pitaya, and is specifically shown in the following table 1:
as can be seen from the table 1, the pollen germination rate is 94.1-95.7%, the pollination and fruit bearing rate is 95.5-96.2%, the yield of single fruit seeds is 1405-1411 g, the pollen viability is 92.1-92.8%, the edible rate is 94.4-95.3%, the yield per mu reaches 8980-8986 kg/mu, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Secondly, the content of the nutrient components of the fruit of the dragon fruit cultivated by the invention is shown in table 2:
| nutrient composition | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Soluble solids (%) | 13.2 | 13.6 | 13.4 |
| Water soluble total sugar (%) | 11.23 | 11.27 | 11.24 |
| Reducing sugar (%) | 9.79 | 9.82 | 9.80 |
| Total acidity (%) | 0.33 | 0.37 | 0.34 |
| Crude fiber (%) | 3.11 | 3.16 | 3.14 |
| N(％) | 0.244 | 0.249 | 0.246 |
| P(％) | 0.062 | 0.068 | 0.065 |
| K(％) | 0.269 | 0.275 | 0.271 |
| Ca(mg/kg) | 94.33 | 94.39 | 94.37 |
| Mg(mg/kg) | 400.13 | 400.22 | 400.18 |
| Cu(mg/kg) | 0.55 | 0.61 | 0.57 |
| Zn(mg/kg) | 0.92 | 1.01 | 0.97 |
| Fe(mg/kg) | 7.94 | 8.04 | 8.01 |
| Mn(mg/kg) | 1.43 | 1.51 | 1.47 |
| B(mg/kg) | 1.92 | 2.04 | 1.99 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the novel variety cultivated in the present invention has high nutritional content and thus excellent variety quality.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The above-described embodiments of the invention are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (5)
1. A method for cultivating a new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) parent breeding: taking a variety of the cultured mature pterodonta flagelliforme as a stock and the ruby dragon fruit as a scion, and culturing a dragon fruit hybrid i; selfing a pitaya hybrid i for 3-4 generations, selecting a dominant homozygous plant as a female parent and a brilliant red dragon as a male parent, hybridizing to obtain a hybrid ii, and sowing the hybrid ii in ridges according to the variety of the parent, wherein 4-5 rows are sowed in each ridge and 4 plants are sowed in each hole;
2) and (3) pollination treatment: after the hybrid ii in the step 1) continuously grows for two breeding periods, pollinating 5-8 days after the dragon fruit enters the fruit producing period, arranging a plurality of beehives around the dragon fruit tree, releasing bees at 8-9 o' clock in the morning to allow the dragon fruit to pollinate freely, and adopting a segmented pollination method at night, which specifically comprises the following steps:
picking stamens of pitaya in the first night, separating anthers, drying the anthers, popping pollen, dividing the pollen into two parts according to the mass ratio of 3-4: 6-7, namely pollen A and pollen B, preparing the pollen A and water into a suspension, filling the suspension into a sprayer, and spraying the suspension at a certain height away from pistil stigma;
secondly, mixing and stirring the pollen B, the trehalose, the banaba extract and the water into a pollen suspension liquid according to the mass ratio of 24-26: 4-7: 2-3: 160-180 at night on the next day, then putting the pollen suspension liquid into a sprayer, spraying the pollen suspension liquid at a certain height away from a pistil stigma, collecting the pollen before pollination, and dividing the pollen into two equal parts, namely pollen C and pollen D;
thirdly, pollinating by using an electrostatic spray agent in a pollination liquid prepared from pollen D, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, boric acid and water and having the pollen concentration of 1.2-1.6 g/L at night of the third day, and pollinating by using three nights as a period until pollination is finished;
3) and (3) cold-resistant cultivation: collecting the seeds harvested in the step 2), planting the seeds on another land, performing seeding and fertilizing treatment, performing tissue culture on stem tissue of the grown dragon fruits to obtain dragon fruit virus-free seedlings, then transplanting the dragon fruit virus-free seedlings into a plastic greenhouse, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 5-9 ℃, removing dead seedlings after culturing for four months, adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse to be-16 to-4 ℃, culturing for four months, removing the dead seedlings, transplanting the seedlings subjected to low-temperature treatment into a natural environment to continue growing, harvesting the mature seeds to obtain diploid seeds with homozygous genotype, continuously seeding the diploid plants, selfing the diploid plants, and selecting the diploid plants with excellent and stable characters in the progeny as new varieties for culturing.
2. The method for cultivating the new variety of the dragon fruit with the high cold resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the pollen A to the water in the step (i) is 1: 20-32.
3. The method for cultivating a new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pollen C is added into the pollen suspension liquid and used after being uniformly shaken, and the adding amount of the pollen C is controlled to be 25-35% of the mass of the suspension liquid.
4. The method for cultivating a new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the pollen D, the sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate, the sodium lauroyl glutamate, the boric acid and the water in the step (III) is 28-41: 4-9: 4-7: 0.5-1: 170-190.
5. The method for cultivating a new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer applied in the step 3) is an organic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 66-73 parts of urea, 61-69 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 11-19 parts of calcium bentonite, 8-14 parts of laxogenin, 5-12 parts of coconut husk, 4-7 parts of pseudomonas mendocina powder, 4-6 parts of enterobacter cloacae powder, 1-2 parts of folium artemisiae argyi powder and 0.5-0.9 part of diethylene glycol.
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| CN104186303A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-12-10 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Dragon fruit pollen suspending liquid and preparation method and pollination method thereof |
| CN104756860A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-07-08 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | A breeding method for cultivating a cold-resistant plant |
| CN105850725A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-17 | 陆川县大桥镇家君种植场 | Pitaya pollination method |
| CN106973784A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-07-25 | 平凉锐博知识产权服务有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of New Strawberry Variety |
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| CN107980617B (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-11-09 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A method of shortening juvenile phase Rapid identification dragon fruit filial generation |
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| CN105850725A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-17 | 陆川县大桥镇家君种植场 | Pitaya pollination method |
| CN106973784A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-07-25 | 平凉锐博知识产权服务有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of New Strawberry Variety |
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