CN104186303A - Dragon fruit pollen suspending liquid and preparation method and pollination method thereof - Google Patents
Dragon fruit pollen suspending liquid and preparation method and pollination method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104186303A CN104186303A CN201410399141.5A CN201410399141A CN104186303A CN 104186303 A CN104186303 A CN 104186303A CN 201410399141 A CN201410399141 A CN 201410399141A CN 104186303 A CN104186303 A CN 104186303A
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Abstract
The invention discloses dragon fruit pollen suspending liquid and a preparation method and a pollination method thereof. The dragon fruit pollen suspending liquid disclosed by the invention can not only provide nutrients needed by in vitro pollen by containing sufficient nutritional agents, but also promote the pollen to germinate and grow in a short time by being blended with a suitable plant growth regulator, is stable in property and can be placed for a long time without generating a lamination phenomenon. The dragon fruit pollen suspending liquid disclosed by the invention is easy and convenient to use and improves the pollination efficiency by 2-3 times by adopting a spraying pollination method which is simple and easy to operate. The pollination method of the dragon fruit pollen suspending liquid can effectively promote the germination of the pollen and the growth of a pollen tube and achieve the pollen germination rate of more than 34.5%, is favorable to the pollination and fruit setting of dragon fruits and achieves the fruit setting rate of more than 96.5%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit-tree breeding technical field, particularly a kind of dragon fruit pollen suspension and preparation method thereof, pollinating method.
Background technology
Dragon fruit, claims again red dragon fruit, belongs to fruit that Cactaceae triangular prism belongs to (Hylocereus claims again hylocereus to belong to) with cultivar, is a kind of emerging tropical and subtropical zone fruit tree of extensive concern in recent years.At present in Hainan, the ground such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Guizhou rises, in Zhanjiang, there is fairly large cultivation in the North Sea, South of Guizhou.Dragon fruit plantation has become new, special, excellent, the high exploration project of agricultural in recent years, and its research and development also comes into one's own day by day.The kind of Main Cultivation has 3 types of red skin plain boiled pork, red skin red meat and Calusena lansium plain boiled pork, and quality be take red skin red meat and Calusena lansium plain boiled pork type as excellent.Red meat type dragon fruit has from the low feature of flower affinity rate, dragon fruit pistil stigma is generally higher than stamen, wind-force and insect are difficult to pollen transmission to column cap, and night blooming affects the propagation of insect, 8:00 in early morning left and right flower withers, and has had a strong impact under field conditions (factors) blooming of dragon fruit and has beared fruit.Poor pollination often causes the underproduction and affects quality, to orchard worker, causes serious economic loss.Therefore, need carry out artificial supplementary pollination to guarantee yield and quality.
Although the artificial pollination technology comparative maturity of taking on producing at present, also very practical, economical for the plantation of small-scale dragon fruit, but after blooming, effectively pollination time is short for dragon fruit, and dragon fruit flowering time is at late 20:00-8:00 next day substantially, dragon fruit criticize/the a of 8-10 of blooming, blooms at every turn and lasts 3-5d; For larger dragon fruit manufacturing enterprise, it is unpractical employing in a short time hundreds of skilled pollination work, and because the price of labour power goes up, dragon fruit cultivation cost increases, and therefore, the pollination technique of research saving of work and time has important realistic price.
Dragon fruit artificial pollination technology is mainly that artificial point is awarded at present, that is, the pollen being collected is fully mixed, and dips in pollen point to award column cap with writing brush, makes pollen evenly spread upon post heart place.Because dragon fruit is to bloom evening, it is time-consuming that writing brush point is awarded method, and operation is inconvenient, and be often subject to the adverse effect of weather, and in large area is produced, application has certain difficulty.Except artificial writing brush point, award method at present, do not find better method, therefore, pollination has become one of problem of restriction dragon fruit industry development at present.Spraying pollen suspension is a kind of artificial supplementary pollination method cheaply, and Chinese scholars has successful report on the fruit trees such as kiwi fruit, pears, peach, ginkgo.But the research of liquid spray-on process have not been reported on dragon fruit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of dragon fruit pollen suspension and preparation method thereof, pollinating method are provided.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Dragon fruit pollen suspension, contains following component: the water of glucose 50-150 g/L, boric acid 0.02-0.06 g/L, nitrate of lime 0.01-0.05 g/L, gibberellin 0.03-0.09 g/L, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.2-0.3 g/L, dragon fruit pollen 5-10 g/L and surplus.
Preferably, described dragon fruit pollen suspension also contains L-PROLINE 0.6-0.8 g/L.
The preparation method of above-mentioned dragon fruit pollen suspension, comprises the following steps: get in proportion each raw material, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is soluble in water, add again other components except dragon fruit pollen, dissolve, finally add dragon fruit pollen, mix, be dragon fruit pollen suspension.
Preferably, the pH value of institute's water is 6.5-8.2.
Preferably, pollen suspension avoids using canister when preparation and splendid attire.
The pollinating method of dragon fruit pollen suspension, comprises the following steps: in dragon fruit flowering stage, pack dragon fruit pollen suspension into sprayer, over against column cap point, spray.
Preferably, in the position apart from 5-10cm over against column cap point, spray under 2-3.
Preferably, dragon fruit pollen suspension is used while allocating, and from adding dragon fruit pollen to having pollinated, is no more than 4 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
In dragon fruit pollen suspension of the present invention, the nutritional agents of existing abundance can provide in vitro pollen desired nutritional, is furnished with again suitable plant growth regulator and promotes that pollen carries out germination and growth in the short time.Suspension stable performance, can place for a long time and not occur lamination.
Dragon fruit pollen suspension of the present invention is easy to use, adopts spraying pollinating method simple, and pollination efficiency improves 2-3 doubly.Dragon fruit pollen suspension pollinating method of the present invention can effectively promote pollen germination and pollen tube growth, and pollen germination rate can reach more than 34.5%; Be conducive to dragon fruit pollination setting, percentage of fertile fruit reaches more than 96.5%.
Embodiment
Pitaya Flower powder is 3-cellular type, vitality a little less than, the more difficult sprouting of pollen.In dragon fruit pollen suspension of the present invention, the nutritional agents of existing abundance can provide in vitro pollen desired nutritional, be furnished with again plant growth regulator and can better promote that pollen carries out germination and growth in the short time, stabilizing agent in pollen suspension makes solution property stable, can place for a long time and not occur lamination.
The primary condition that in vitro pollen is sprouted is to need carbon source, boric acid and mineral element (as external source Ca
2+) participation.In pollen suspension of the present invention, select glucose as carbon source, glucose is monose, and easily by Cell uptake, effect is better than sucrose; The boric acid that is equipped with suitable condition is processed, and effectively improves the germination rate of pollen; Calcium plays an important role in pollen germination and pollen tube growth, supplements the External Calcium of suitable concentration, promotes pollen germination and pollen tube growth.
Meanwhile, in pollen suspension of the present invention, contain gibberellin of plant growth regulator, to guarantee the relative increase of tumor growth cellulose content level, promote pollen germination and pollen tube growth.
In addition, add sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in pollen suspension of the present invention, improve dispersity and the stability of pollen, Pitaya Flower powder is agglomerating compared with great Yi, adds CMC and can make pollen be uniformly distributed in solution, and lamination does not appear in long-term placement yet; The film forming water retention characteristic of CMC can also, at pollen and the more stable moisture film of the outside formation of column cap, slow down the dry dehydration process of pollen liquid on column cap, to keep the vigor of pollen.
Inventor gropes and verifies through test repeatedly, finds to add appropriate L-PROLINE in dragon fruit pollen suspension, can promote the elongation of pollen germination and pollen tube, and then effectively improves dragon fruit pollination percentage of fertile fruit.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth content of the present invention.
embodiment 1
Dragon fruit pollen suspension, mainly the component by following concentration forms: the water of glucose 50 g/L, L-PROLINE 0.6 g/L, boric acid 0.02 g/L, nitrate of lime 0.01 g/L, gibberellin 0.03 g/L, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.2 g/L and surplus; In above-mentioned pollen suspension, add dragon fruit pollen 5 g/L.
Dragon fruit pollen suspension preparation method: get in proportion each raw material, slowly add equably CMC in the clear water of pH value 6.5-8.2, and constantly stir, make CMC and water merge completely, fully dissolve, prevent CMC conglomeration, caking.Then add glucose, L-PROLINE, boric acid, nitrate of lime and gibberellin, after above-mentioned raw materials fully dissolves, finally add dragon fruit pollen to mix, be dragon fruit pollen suspension.Pollen suspension is selected the container of glass material when preparation and splendid attire.
embodiment 2
Dragon fruit pollen suspension, mainly the component by following concentration forms: the water of glucose 100 g/L, L-PROLINE 0.7 g/L, boric acid 0.04 g/L, nitrate of lime 0.03 g/L, gibberellin 0.06 g/L, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.3 g/L and surplus; In above-mentioned pollen suspension, add dragon fruit pollen 8 g/L.
Dragon fruit pollen suspension preparation method: get in proportion each raw material, slowly add equably CMC in the clear water of pH value 6.5-8.2, and constantly stir, make CMC and water merge completely, fully dissolve.Then add glucose, L-PROLINE, boric acid, nitrate of lime and gibberellin, after above-mentioned raw materials fully dissolves, finally add dragon fruit pollen to mix, be dragon fruit pollen suspension.Pollen suspension is selected the container of plastic material when preparation and splendid attire.
embodiment 3
Dragon fruit pollen suspension, mainly the component by following concentration forms: the water of glucose 150 g/L, L-PROLINE 0.8 g/L, boric acid 0.06 g/L, nitrate of lime 0.05 g/L, gibberellin 0.09 g/L, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.3 g/L and surplus; In above-mentioned pollen suspension, add dragon fruit pollen 10 g/L.
Dragon fruit pollen suspension preparation method: get in proportion each raw material, slowly add equably CMC in the clear water of pH value 6.5-8.2, and constantly stir, make CMC and water merge completely, fully dissolve.Then add glucose, L-PROLINE, boric acid, nitrate of lime and gibberellin, after above-mentioned raw materials fully dissolves, finally add dragon fruit pollen to mix, be dragon fruit pollen suspension.Pollen suspension is selected the container of glass material when preparation and splendid attire.
embodiment 4
Adopt the pollen suspension of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 to carry out pollen germination test, adopt 15% glucose solution (containing dragon fruit pollen 10 g/L) in contrast.The dragon fruit fresh pollen of collection is added respectively in above-mentioned processing, cultivate sprouting and the pollen tube growth situation of after 24 hours, examining under a microscope dragon fruit pollen, statistics is as shown in table 1:
The germination rate of table 1 dragon fruit pollen and pollen tube growth situation
By table 1, found out, the pollen germination rate of the pollen suspension of the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 all reaches more than 34.5%, higher than control treatment, more than pollen tube length reaches 110 μ m, illustrate that pollen suspension of the present invention can improve the germination rate of dragon fruit pollen, promote the growth of pollen tube.
embodiment 5
Adopt the pollen suspension of embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 to carry out liquid spray-on process test of pollination, and compare in contrast with artificial pollination and spontaneous pollination, investigation percentage of fertile fruit.Test is carried out at District South, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province rising sun scape Agricultural Technological Garden, concrete process of the test is: spend when in full bloom June at orchard second batch, in evening 11 left and right carry out above-mentioned test, 2h left and right before dragon fruit is bloomed, chooses on same branch and has 2 buds and 2 bud sizableness and the bud of simultaneously opening evening on the same day is listed with duration.Each test is processed and to be chosen 30-50 the flower sign of listing.
Each processes pollinating method:
Pollen suspension spraying pollination: by the pollen suspension small hand-held sprayer of embodiment 2, embodiment 3, in facing apart from 5-10cm position under column cap point spray 2-3, pollinate, dragon fruit pollen suspension is used while allocating, and from adding dragon fruit pollen to having pollinated, is no more than 4 hours; Artificial point is awarded pure pollen: in writing brush, pollen collection extremely being coiled, with writing brush, mix and dip in upper pollen column cap touching 4-5 time with writing brush.Spontaneous pollination is processed and is only listed, and does not do any pollination and processes.After 10 days, calculate percentage of fertile fruit, result of the test is as shown in table 2:
The impact on dragon fruit percentage of fertile fruit is processed in the different pollinations of table 2
By table 2, found out, the percentage of fertile fruit of the pollen suspension of the embodiment of the present invention 2 and embodiment 3 reaches respectively 96.5%, 98.5%, percentage of fertile fruit higher than artificial pollination, spontaneous pollination, illustrate that pollen suspension Pollination Effect of the present invention is good, can greatly improve the percentage of fertile fruit of dragon fruit, improve orchard worker's economic benefit.In test, carry out in process, adopt pollen suspension to carry out liquid spraying pollination, the time is short, and speed is fast, and its work efficiency is awarded pollen than artificial point and improved 2-3 doubly.
Claims (8)
1. dragon fruit pollen suspension, contains following component: the water of glucose 50-150 g/L, boric acid 0.02-0.06 g/L, nitrate of lime 0.01-0.05 g/L, gibberellin 0.03-0.09 g/L, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.2-0.3 g/L, dragon fruit pollen 5-10 g/L and surplus.
2. dragon fruit pollen suspension according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described dragon fruit pollen suspension also contains L-PROLINE 0.6-0.8 g/L.
3. the preparation method of dragon fruit pollen suspension described in claim 1 or 2, comprise the following steps: get in proportion each raw material, sodium carboxymethylcellulose is soluble in water, add again other components except dragon fruit pollen, dissolve, finally add dragon fruit pollen, mix, be dragon fruit pollen suspension.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the pH value of institute's water is 6.5-8.2.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: pollen suspension avoids using canister when preparation and splendid attire.
6. the pollinating method of dragon fruit pollen suspension described in claim 1 or 2, comprises the following steps: in dragon fruit flowering stage, pack dragon fruit pollen suspension into sprayer, over against column cap point, spray.
7. pollinating method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in the position apart from 5-10cm over against column cap point, spray under 2-3.
8. pollinating method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: dragon fruit pollen suspension is used while allocating, and from adding dragon fruit pollen to having pollinated, is no more than 4 hours.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN105493808A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-20 | 广西南宁市绿滋宝农业科技有限公司 | Highly-efficient planting method of dragon fruits |
| CN105494081A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-20 | 防城港市星湖生态农业有限公司 | Pollination method for pitaya |
| CN106577252A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-26 | 潘显船 | Dendrobium officinale pollination method |
| CN109197204A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-15 | 华亭县正元生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of high winter resistance dragon fruit new varieties |
| CN111887150A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-06 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Breeding method of high-yield high-quality multi-resistance cotton |
| CN113439656A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-28 | 广东丽豪生物农业有限公司 | Microbial inoculation and wheat breeding method |
| CN113966701A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-25 | 浙江天泽农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of bird's nest fruit |
| CN117441609A (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-01-26 | 浙江大学海南研究院 | Preparation method and application of pollen mixture |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105493808A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-20 | 广西南宁市绿滋宝农业科技有限公司 | Highly-efficient planting method of dragon fruits |
| CN105494081A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-20 | 防城港市星湖生态农业有限公司 | Pollination method for pitaya |
| CN106577252A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-26 | 潘显船 | Dendrobium officinale pollination method |
| CN109197204A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-15 | 华亭县正元生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of high winter resistance dragon fruit new varieties |
| CN109197204B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2021-07-27 | 华亭市正元生态农业发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating new variety of pitaya with high cold resistance |
| CN111887150A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-06 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Breeding method of high-yield high-quality multi-resistance cotton |
| CN113439656A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-28 | 广东丽豪生物农业有限公司 | Microbial inoculation and wheat breeding method |
| CN113966701A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-25 | 浙江天泽农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of bird's nest fruit |
| CN113966701B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-07-26 | 浙江天泽农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of bird's nest fruit |
| CN117441609A (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-01-26 | 浙江大学海南研究院 | Preparation method and application of pollen mixture |
| CN117441609B (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-05-14 | 浙江大学海南研究院 | Preparation method and application of pollen mixture |
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