CN102089228B - 光伏打模块制造方法及装置 - Google Patents

光伏打模块制造方法及装置 Download PDF

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CN102089228B
CN102089228B CN2009801274843A CN200980127484A CN102089228B CN 102089228 B CN102089228 B CN 102089228B CN 2009801274843 A CN2009801274843 A CN 2009801274843A CN 200980127484 A CN200980127484 A CN 200980127484A CN 102089228 B CN102089228 B CN 102089228B
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海尔姆特·威格
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Grenzebach Maschinenbau GmbH
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Abstract

一种用于自动结合光伏打组件的组件的装置及方法，其具有以下特征：a)至少二条生产线(5、6)及用于结合多个基板、薄膜及玻璃片的至少二个组装桥；b)用于薄膜进给的迭装装置(8)及用于进给多个玻璃片的带式输送器(7)；c)用于定心及吸引多个薄膜的装置(8)以及用于定心及吸引多个玻璃板的装置(29、30)；d)用于运送及固定薄膜输送框(3)及玻璃输送框(4)的装置(10、11)；e)用于从相应输送框降下所述薄膜及玻璃板的装置(3、4)；f)用于进一步运输的装置。

Description

光伏打模块制造方法及装置
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏打模块的自动化生产。 
背景技术
现代玻璃立面常常不仅是结构体的功能组件，还越来越常用于产生太阳能。经裁适的太阳能模块允许准确整合至构造物网格(construction grids)及轮廓内。半透明太阳能电池或其它具备透明区域的不透明太阳能电池使光伏打装配玻璃系统看起来充满光线。在此情况中，太阳能电池常提供阳光及眩光防护的期望效果。 
此类光伏打设备的生产要求例如一般特别用在半导体及集成电子电路的生产中要求的工作条件。因此，光伏打设备的生产依然相对昂贵。因此有一目标是大批生产光伏打组件，从而降低成本。从外侧考虑，光伏打模块涉及由玻璃组成的基板、光伏打组件及玻璃片的连接，所述玻璃片是利用在热作用下结合这些玻璃片的薄膜而作为盖玻璃。 
DE 102004030411A1公开此光伏打组件、太阳能模块作为层压安全玻璃。 
所述公开申请案的目的是提供太阳能模块，所述太阳能模块具有使用基于聚乙烯缩丁醛(PVB)的薄膜的层压安全玻璃系统的特性。 
此目的是通过作为层压安全玻璃的太阳能模块实现的，其包括下列物的层压件： 
a)玻璃片， 
b)安置在两PVB基础薄膜之间的至少一个太阳能电池单元，及 
c)背盖， 
特征在于所述PVB基础薄膜的至少一者具有至少16N/mm2的抗撕裂性。 
所述文件未曾提及预期如何大批生产此组件。 
发明内容
因此，根据本发明的装置及根据本发明的方法是基于确保以自动受控基础、从所有观点来看都可靠且高成本效益、短循环时间生产光伏打模块(也就是对应组件的结合)的目标。 
本发明提供了一种用于在连续运转制程中自动结合光伏打模块的组件的装置，其中不同安装部件以特定顺序交互，所述装置具有以下特征： 
a)至少二个生产线(5、6)，用于定时传送多个基板； 
b)至少二个安置桥(A、B)，用于结合多个基板、薄膜及玻璃片； 
c)用于薄膜供应的迭装装置(8)及用于玻璃片供应的输送带(7)； 
d)用于将所述多个薄膜吸引并定心至薄膜输送框(3)上的装置(8)，以及用于将所述玻璃片吸引并定心至玻璃输送框(4)上的装置(29、30)； 
e)用于相对于相关的生产线(5、6)来输送及固定所述薄膜输送框(3)的装置(10、11)； 
f)用于相对于所述相关的生产线(5、6)输送及固定所述玻璃输送框(4)的装置(17、18)； 
g)用于从相应的输送框(3、4)降下所述薄膜及所述玻璃片的装置； 
h)用于在所述相关的生产线(5、6)上进一步输送已结合的光伏打组件的装置。 
本发明还提供了一种在连续运转制程中自动结合作为光伏打模块的组件的多个基板、薄膜及玻璃片的方法，所述方法具有以下特征： 
a)至少二个生产线被设计用于定时传送多个基板； 
b)至少二个安置桥(A、B)被设计用于结合所述多个基板、薄膜及玻璃片； 
c)提供用于薄膜供应的迭装装置(8)，以及提供用于玻璃片供应的输送带(7)； 
d)将所述多个薄膜吸引并定心至薄膜输送框(3)上，且将已在所述输送带(7)上定心的所述多个玻璃片吸引至玻璃输送框(4)上； 
e)将所述多个薄膜及所述多个玻璃片连同其相应的输送框(3、4)一起输送至相应的生产线(5、6)并予固定； 
f)将所述多个薄膜及所述多个玻璃片降下至所述相应的生产线(5、6)上的相关联的基板或薄膜上； 
g)在所述相应的生产线(5、6)上进一步输送已结合的光伏打组件。 
本发明还提供了一种机器可解读储存媒体，用于执行所述方法，包括： 
用于定时传送多个基板的装置； 
用于结合光伏打模块中的多个基板、薄膜及玻璃片的装置； 
用于薄膜供应以及玻璃片供应的装置； 
将所述多个薄膜吸引并定心至薄膜输送框(3)上、且将所述多个玻璃片吸引至玻璃输送框(4)上的装置； 
将所述多个薄膜及所述多个玻璃片连同其相应的输送框(3、4)一起输送至相应的生产线(5、6)并予固定的装置； 
将所述多个薄膜及所述多个玻璃片降下至所述相应的生产线(5、6)上的相关联的基板或薄膜上的装置；以及 
在所述相应的生产线(5、6)上进一步输送已结合的光伏打模块的装置。 
附图说明
以下参照图式的内容更详细地说明本发明，图式中： 
图1示出安置桥的透视图； 
图2示出具备生产线的安置桥； 
图3示出薄膜安置的透视图； 
图4示出玻璃安置的透视图； 
图5示出定心装置的详细图； 
图6示出定心在迭装台上的薄膜的图示； 
图7示出玻璃片的定心的图示；以及 
图8示出薄膜在输送框上定心的图示。 
具体实施方式
在本案例中，光伏打模块由下列组成：基板，即具备光伏打作用涂层的玻璃片；放在所述基板上的薄膜；及作为覆盖物、俗称底玻璃的另一玻璃片。所述薄膜在此案例中为熔融薄膜的形式，其在加热过程中产生二个玻璃片之间的连接。 
这三种组件利用根据本发明的装置结合。 
在此过程中，基板被移到相应的生产线，其一方面用匹配的时钟时间被装上薄膜，且另一方面接着被另一玻璃片覆盖。 
图1示出为此目的已经开发的安置桥的透视图。此本质上包括主轨座(2)，所述主轨座被支撑在支架(1)上。在图1的实例中仅示出四个支架(1)，但如果主轨座(2)需要加长，则可在中央插入更多个支架(1)。 
薄膜输送框(3)被示于所示安置桥的左侧上，且在右侧上可看到玻璃输送框(4)。 
图2在上部以剖面图的形式且在下部以平面图的形式示出与生产线1(5)和生产线2(6)连接的安置桥。此二图式部分的中央区域在此例中为中断显示以便表示能在此点插入更多生产线的选择性。用于薄膜供应的迭装台(8)被显示在左侧上，而用于玻璃片供应的输送带(7)则被显示在右侧上。所需基板(具备光伏打作用涂层的玻璃片)在相应的生产线(5、6)上传送。结合光伏打模块的过程包括首先将薄膜施加于基板，然后施加俗称底板的玻璃片，使得它们精准地安装。 
图3示出薄膜安置的透视图。被安装在此区域中的二个支架(亦参照图1)连同二个主轨座(2)可被视为用于整个薄膜输送单元的支撑装置，这两个主轨座(2)中的一个被更详细绘出。薄膜输送框(3)被悬吊在二个主轨座(2)底下，且在薄膜已被往上吸之后，通过用于垂直举升运动的驱动系(12)使薄膜输送框(3)移动靠近二个主轨座(2)，以便随后在此高度级别移动至在生产线(1、2)上等候的基板区域。用于此运动的驱动系是由作用于二个定心装置(11)上的伺服驱动系(10)确保。利用传感器(10)检测迭装台(8)上的薄膜。提供真空压力泵(15)用于吸引薄膜或玻璃 片的过程。 
图3示出定心开口(13)其中之一，所述定心开口为成对配置，用于主轨座(2)中的定心销，在此例中是用于生产线(1)。这些定心开口(13)用于薄膜输送框(3)的精确固定，且当薄膜输送框(3)的定心销被锁定在此定心开口(13)中时确保薄膜被精确地降到其下方的基板上。装配在薄膜输送框(3)的两侧上的定心装置(11)是用于移动至主轨座(2)中的相关点的过程及用于定心销(24)的降下的过程(参照图5)。延伸于桥的整个纵向范围的通道(9)固持所有供应线及控制线。 
图4示出用于通过玻璃输送框(4)供应玻璃片的装置，所述装置对应于薄膜供应装置。被标示为(19)的用于玻璃输送框(4)的定心开口的位置仅在后主轨座(2)中显示。用于玻璃输送装置的定心单元被标示为(18)，其与用于薄膜输送单元的定心装置(11)对应。驱动二个定心单元(18)的伺服驱动系(17)确保整个玻璃输送装置移动至相应的生产线。利用真空压力吸盘(16)举升并牢固地固持相应的玻璃片。 
图5示出固定装置的详细图。在图中下方区域可见主轨座(2)，其具有用于固持定心销(24)的相应开口。在定心销(24)的两侧提供有滑动滚轮(23)以便引导定心销(24)。定心销(24)通过线性运动缸(25)固持及降下。定心单元通过驱动轴(21)驱动，所述驱动轴使通过导辊(21)的齿带(22)移动。 
此设计措施用于设想中的全部四个定心装置(11、18)，且因为所述齿带受引导的形状而被称为亚米茄(omega)驱动系。 
图6示出欲施加于迭装台(8)上的薄膜的初始定心。在此例中原则要素为所示的薄膜定心装置(26)。在每一例中需要至少二个薄膜定心装置(26)以便使薄膜定心。在此例中其数量主要是由放在其上的薄膜的大小决定。所述薄膜可为用手放置或者可由经适当设计的机器人从匣盒取出。 
图7示出玻璃片的定心。玻璃片通过被驱动系(32)驱动的输送带(31)经由用于玻璃片供应的输送带(7)送到此定心区域。在此例中，玻璃片经由驱动系(30)利用定心装置(29)定心。所示定心装置(29)的数量对应于可能玻璃片格式的数量。用于瑕疵玻璃片的识别的装置也被定位在此区域中，此装置在图中未单独显示。本领域技术人员会理解到此是以光学检测器的基础运作，且确保相关玻璃片在经发现有玻璃不良的情况自动分离。为了空间的理由，此附加装置可以安装在安置桥的中央。 
图8示出在输送框(3)上定心的薄膜。 
在此例中，图8的上部区域示出附接在支架(1)上的已知主轨座(2)及定心装置(11)。 
利用二个传感器(14)检测薄膜的存在。薄膜是通过定心组件(27)定心在输送框(3)上，图中所示吸引口(28)代表薄膜输送框(3)上的整个吸引口铸型，所述吸引口已依据相应薄膜的格式被激活。 
根据本发明的装置不仅有可能在多个生产在线同时生产光伏打组件，还有生产过程 的所有组件的有效控制及快速确实定位，进一步确保至少二个安置桥A和B的同时运作。 
由于根据本发明的装置允许不同格式的光伏打组件的处理，故需要图中未详示的多个传感器以检测这些不同格式及对安装部件进行适当调整。 
需要有特殊控制程序让光伏打组件的生产系以高循环速率及可变生产程序同时进行无干扰运作。 
高循环速率要求高移动速度，为此在此最好使用齿带驱动系。然而，齿带驱动具有相对较高定位容差，但这会利用根据本发明的定心手段降低。 
高移动速度的另一种可行方式是使用线性驱动系，其因系统的本质会有高定位精确度。但这会导致高出许多的成本。 
组件符号表 
(1)支架(基座框架) 
(2)主轨座 
(3)薄膜输送框 
(4)玻璃输送框 
(5)生产线1 
(6)生产线2 
(7)用于玻璃片供应的输送带 
(8)用于薄膜供应的迭装台 
(9)供应及控制线通道 
(10)用于薄膜输送装置的伺服驱动系 
(11)用于薄膜输送单元的亚米茄驱动系及定心装置 
(12)用于垂直举升运动的驱动系 
(13)用于定心销的定心开口(线1) 
(14)用于薄膜检测的传感器 
(15)真空压力泵 
(16)真空压力吸盘 
(17)用于玻璃输送装置的伺服驱动系 
(18)用于玻璃输送装置的亚米茄驱动系及定心装置 
(19)用于定心销的定心开口(线2) 
(20)驱动系(齿带) 
(21)用于亚米茄驱动系的导辊 
(22)齿带 
(23)用于定心销的滑动滚轮 
(24)定心销 
(25)用于定心销的线性运动缸 
(26)在迭装台上定心的薄膜 
(27)在吸引框上定心的薄膜 
(28)用于薄膜输送框的吸引口 
(29)用于玻璃片的定心装置 
(30)用于定心装置的驱动系 
(31)输送带 
(32)用于输送带的驱动系 
(A)安置桥 
(B)安置桥 

Claims (8)

1.一种用于在连续运转制程中自动结合光伏打模块的组件的装置，其中不同安装部件以特定顺序交互，所述装置具有以下特征：
a)至少二个生产线(5、6)，用于定时传送多个基板；
b)至少二个安置桥(A、B)，用于结合多个基板、薄膜及玻璃片；
c)用于薄膜供应的迭装装置(8)及用于玻璃片供应的输送带(7)；
d)用于将所述多个薄膜吸引并定心至薄膜输送框(3)上的装置，以及用于将所述玻璃片吸引并定心至玻璃输送框(4)上的装置(29、30)；
e)用于相对于相关的生产线(5、6)来输送及固定所述薄膜输送框(3)的装置(10、11)；
f)用于相对于所述相关的生产线(5、6)输送及固定所述玻璃输送框(4)的装置(17、18)；
g)用于从相应的输送框(3、4)降下所述薄膜及所述玻璃片的装置；
h)用于在所述相关的生产线(5、6)上进一步输送已结合的光伏打模块的装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于在连续运转制程中自动结合光伏打模块的组件的装置，其特征在于，提供用于检测瑕疵薄膜及玻璃片的第一构件，所述第一构件的检测结果在发现瑕疵的情况下导致相关组件分离。
3.根据权利要求1或2项所述的用于在连续运转制程中自动结合光伏打模块的组件的装置，其特征在于，提供用于检测多个薄膜及多个玻璃片的不同格式的第二构件，所述第二构件的参数被考虑以用于所述制程的控制。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于在连续运转制程中自动结合光伏打模块的组件的装置，其特征在于，使用多个伺服马达或多个线性驱动系作为驱动系。
5.一种在连续运转制程中自动结合作为光伏打模块的组件的多个基板、薄膜及玻璃片的方法，所述方法具有以下特征：
a)至少二个生产线被设计用于定时传送多个基板；
b)至少二个安置桥(A、B)被设计用于结合所述多个基板、薄膜及玻璃片；
c)提供用于薄膜供应的迭装装置(8)，以及提供用于玻璃片供应的输送带(7)；
d)将所述多个薄膜吸引并定心至薄膜输送框(3)上，且将已在所述输送带(7)上定心的所述多个玻璃片吸引至玻璃输送框(4)上；
e)将所述多个薄膜及所述多个玻璃片连同其相应的输送框(3、4)一起输送至相应的生产线(5、6)并予固定；
f)将所述多个薄膜及所述多个玻璃片降下至所述相应的生产线(5、6)上的相关联的基板或薄膜上；
g)在所述相应的生产线(5、6)上进一步输送已结合的光伏打模块。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，提供用于检测瑕疵薄膜及玻璃片的第一构件，所述第一构件的检测结果在发现瑕疵的情况下导致相关组件分离。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，提供用于检测多个薄膜及多个玻璃片的不同格式的第二构件，所述第二构件的参数被考虑以用于所述制程的控制。
8.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，使用多个伺服马达或多个线性驱动系作为驱动系。
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ES2382526T3 (es) 2012-06-11
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ATE550778T1 (de) 2012-04-15
KR20110055547A (ko) 2011-05-25
WO2010015942A2 (de) 2010-02-11
DE102008036274A1 (de) 2010-02-18
WO2010015942A3 (de) 2010-06-03
US8646170B2 (en) 2014-02-11
EP2308079A2 (de) 2011-04-13
US20110179619A1 (en) 2011-07-28

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