CN102067792A - Seedling culture method for lateral-branch grafting of precious melon variety - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a seedling culture method for the lateral-branch grafting of precious melon variety, which is characterized in that the seedling culture for the lateral-branch grafting of precious melon variety can be realized by cion culture, stock culture, grafting and seedbed management. Because in the seedling culture method, the seedbed is adopted to culture precious melon variety germchit cions, the young stem has equivalent thickness with the seed seedling emergence hypocotyl, is suitable for various industrial grafting methods and can quickly breed the branch grafting seedlings of the precious melons in a large scale. Because stock cotyledon period grafting is adopted, the method has the advantages of high survival rate, intensified and industrial production, high production efficiency and low seedling culture cost and saves seed cost for above 99%. Because the seedling culture method can collect cions in four seasons, the seedling culture method is suitable for requirements on supplying seedlings in each period so as to quicken the popularization speed of precious melon variety and accelerate the development of the industrialization, scale and modernization agriculture.

Description

The seedling-cultivating method of the melon kind side shoot of a kind of preciousness grafting

Technical field

The present invention relates to the seedling-cultivating method of the melon kind side shoot of a kind of preciousness grafting.

Background technology

In recent years, along with Chinese economic development, living standards of the people improve constantly, and domestic and international melon the putting on market of the rare kind of famous-particular-excellent makes on the market rich choice of products colorful,, productivity effect is very outstanding.But the seed price is very expensive; a seed increases to several units by several angles; peasant household wants 1.5 seeds to breed an own-rooted tree; 3-4 grain seed is bred a grafting; every mu of grafting cost needs 1000-3000 unit; the seedling cost accounts for production imcome 1/3, has therefore hindered the popularization of improved seeds greatly, thereby has had a strong impact on industrialization, scale, modern agricultural development.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention provides a kind of factorial seedling growth facility that utilizes; by cultivating the rare precious melon seedling of famous-particular-excellent in advance; make it differentiate the side shoot head continuously in the seedbed; utilize branch to do the grafting scion, do stock at cotyledon period, carry out grafting with cucurbit, pumpkin or wild watermelon; reduce the seedling cost; improve fast numerous coefficient, accelerated precious melon variety popularization, promoted the seedling-cultivating method of the precious melon kind side shoot grafting of industrialization, scale, modernized Agricultural Development.

The seedling-cultivating method of the melon kind side shoot of preciousness of the present invention grafting may further comprise the steps:

A, scion cultivated: transplant in polypots or seedbed after selecting the precious melon kind of high-quality to grow seedlings, load 2/3 loam, 1/3 seedling medium, seedling little pinching in tri-leaf period, the long 5-6 sheet of seedling true leaf, branch 4-5, when the littler pinching of each long branch 3-4 sheet leaf, stay 4-5 sheet leaf to continue to cultivate branch, cultivated through 3-4 month, when temperature is 23～27 ℃, every a collection of scion of clip in 7-10 days;

B, rootstock seedling cultivate: select pumpkin, cucurbit for use, wild watermelon-stock kind is sowed in the dish of matrix cave by stages and in groups through seed soaking, vernalization, after choosing bud, and temperature is 23～27 ℃, emerges in 5-7 days, and 2 days neat seedlings treat that cotyledon is open and flat, and lobus cardiacus is displayed for the first time and got final product grafting;

C, grafting: at stock one lateral lobe handle base portion with the downward oblique cutting 0.5-0.7cm of bamboo let; With blade scion two faces are cut the wedge shape of growing into 0.5-0.7cm, extract bamboo let, the scion oblique cutting is gone in the bamboo hole, be seated the real apical grafting method grafting of finishing;

D, seedbed management: it is 25-27 ℃ that the precious melon product seedling after the above-mentioned grafting is put into temperature, air humidity is 95-100%, the artificial healing chamber that lucifuge is sheltered from heat or light, rose in the 3rd day and strengthen ventilation gradually, increase illumination gradually, 5-7 days, enter incorporating period, the immigration seedling rearing room is cultivated, and healing in grafting 8-10 days survives, and wholeheartedly can go out the garden to three leaves wholeheartedly the time and is transplanted to the land for growing field crops when seedling grows up to two leaves.

Effect of the present invention

1, the present invention is owing to utilize the seedbed to cultivate famous and precious melon seedling scion, and therefore young stem is suitable with seed sprouting hypocotyl thickness, is fit to the various grafting methods of batch production and uses, and can breed precious melon branch grafting on a large scale fast.

2, the present invention is owing to adopt the grafting of stock cotyledon period, so the survival rate height, thereby can intensify, batch production production, the production efficiency height, and seedling cost is low, saves seed costs more than 99%.

3, the present invention is because spring and summer four seasons autumn and winter can be gathered scion, and need for seedling suitable each period, thereby accelerate precious melon variety popularization, promotes industrialization, scale, modernized Agricultural Development.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

Family's nursery is grown seedlings:

Scion cultivated: purchase and plant 150, seed soaking mid-August, vernalization, pick up bud and be sowed in the matrix cave dish, emerged in 5 days, 7 days neat seedlings, 4-5 days long a slice leaves, three little pinching of true leaf (removing trunk diameter growth point wheat size) are transplanted in the 30*40cm polypots when growing the 5th, six leaf, can become seedling 100-120 basin, place on the balcony layer frame.Treat each side shoot, long to three leaf pinching again, so continuous pinching 3-4 time, keep away in the full envelope of balcony glass and build miniature greenhouse winter, heat with oily spit of fland or low profile thermal wind furnace, keep 23-25 ℃ of daytime, at 16-18 ℃ of night, once can intercept the young stem of 15-20 branch and get final product graft seedling growth to reaching every by the end of December.

Stock is cultivated, and sows stock by stages and in groups, seed soaking, vernalization, chooses bud and is sowed in the dish of matrix cave, emerged in 7 days, and 10 days neat seedlings, 20-25 ℃ of temperature maintenance, cotyledon is open and flat, and lobus cardiacus is displayed for the first time and is got final product grafting.Disease resistance is strong, and female flower is many.

Grafting: pull out the stock growing point with bamboo let, to opposite side oblique cutting 30 degree, to 0.5-0.7cm, extract scion branch children stem 2-3cm from the cotyledon base portion, two faces are whittled into the wedge shape of long 0.5-0.7cm, extract bamboo let, insert scion, are seated the real apical grafting method grafting of finishing;

Attention: 1. different stock stems are roughly selected and are selected different thicknesses bamboo let jack, select the scion of different thicknesses branch for use.2. topdress immediately after every batch of branch extracts and water, preventing disease pest control heats short seedling, can extract once more in 7-10 days.3. stock was sowed in every batch of seedling grafting in preceding 2-3 days, and optimum period is cultivated the rootstock seedling of next group scion grafting.

Seedbed management: take the bow epiphragma after the point disk seedling growing grafting, temperature keeps 25-27 ℃, and humidity kept 95%-100% in preceding 3 days, the combination in 1 day of grafting mouth, and healing in 3-4 days, microtubule fasolculus in 5-8 days is connected, and survives in 9-10 days.Early Febuary, 3-4 sheet true leaf can be transplanted to the land for growing field crops, every 7-10 days, can transplant a collection of seedling, about 1500-2000, can transplant 20 mu for such four batches.

Embodiment 2:

Factorial seedling growth:

The scion seedling is cultivated: specially canopy is specially supported, and one of 0.5 mu of net area greenhouse by solar heat is set, and boiler heating, temperature keeping equipment is complete, build the 0.7-0.8m height, the wide bedstead of 1.2m, upper berth matrix 0.15-0.2m is thick for bed, cloth ground hot line, temperature controller, 5000 maternal plants can be transplanted in a greenhouse.2. purchase 7500 in famous and precious rare melon seed, seed soaking mid-August, vernalization, choose bud and be seeded in the matrix cave dish, emerged in 5 days, 7 days neat seedlings, pinching mid-September, transplanting on the greenhouse by solar heat bedstead, distance between rows and hills 20 * 20cm.3. the little pinching of each side shoot 3 leaf (wheat size) keep 5-6 blade, treat long branch to the littler pinching of 3 leaves, and 3-4 time continuously, the seedbed can cover with.Heat winter, 22-25 on daytime ℃ of room temperature, at 16-18 ℃ of night, bed temperature keeps 16-18 ℃, the late December grafting of can collecting seedling, every batch collect seedling after, topdress immediately, water the spray medicine.

Rootstock seedling is cultivated: 100,000 of the every batch of sowings (cucurbit, pumpkin or wild watermelon seed all can) seed soaking mid-December, vernalization, choose in the dish of bud sowing media cave, artificial climate goes out seedling room and emerges.The immigration intelligent greenhouse of emerging in 4 days treats that cotyledon is open and flat, and lobus cardiacus is displayed for the first time and got final product grafting.

Grafting: the special messenger extracts famous and precious melon dish branch and delivers to the grafting chamber, and the grafting workman roughly selects with different thicknesses bamboo let and scion according to stock hypocotyl stem.Spend to opposite side oblique cutting 30 from the cotyledon base portion with bamboo let, reach 0.5-0.7cm, select close scion two faces of thickness to be whittled into wedge shape, extract bamboo let, insert scion, be seated the real apical grafting method grafting of finishing.

Seedbed management: the cave dish is shelved and is moved into the healing chamber after the grafting, and the insulation of healing chamber is 25-27 ℃, and preserving moisture is 90%-100%, shading 2-4 days, the healing of grafting mouth, progressively cooling adds lustre to, and microtubule fasolculus in 5-8 days is connected and is moved into seedbed management, survived in 9-10 days, early Febuary, 3-4 sheet true leaf can be transplanted to the land for growing field crops, can sell ten thousand of grafting 5-10 for every batch, can sell a collection of 15-20 days early spring, and can sell a collection of 7-10 days early summer late spring.0.5 mu of greenhouse is gathered scion 8-10 and is criticized, but ten thousand graftings of grafting 80-100, but every seed is bred maternal plant clip strain more than 100 grafting scion, has to expand numerous coefficient more than 100 times.

Claims (1)

1. the seedling-cultivating method of the melon kind side shoot of preciousness grafting is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

A, scion cultivated: transplant in polypots or seedbed after selecting the precious melon kind of high-quality to grow seedlings, load 2/3 loam, 1/3 seedling medium, seedling little pinching in tri-leaf period, the long 5-6 sheet of seedling true leaf, branch 4-5, when the littler pinching of each long branch 3-4 sheet leaf, stay 4-5 sheet leaf to continue to cultivate branch, cultivated through 3-4 month, when temperature is 23～27 ℃, every a collection of scion of clip in 7-10 days;

B, rootstock seedling cultivate: select pumpkin, cucurbit for use, wild watermelon-stock kind is sowed in the dish of matrix cave by stages and in groups through seed soaking, vernalization, after choosing bud, and temperature is 23～27 ℃, emerges in 5-7 days, and 2 days neat seedlings treat that cotyledon is open and flat, and lobus cardiacus is displayed for the first time and got final product grafting;

C, grafting: at stock one lateral lobe handle base portion with the downward oblique cutting 0.5-0.7cm of bamboo let; With blade scion two faces are cut the wedge shape of growing into 0.5-0.7cm, extract bamboo let, the scion oblique cutting is gone in the bamboo hole, be seated the real apical grafting method grafting of finishing;

D, seedbed management: it is 25-27 ℃ that the precious melon product seedling after the above-mentioned grafting is put into temperature, air humidity is 95-100%, the artificial healing chamber that lucifuge is sheltered from heat or light, rose in the 3rd day and strengthen ventilation gradually, increase illumination gradually, 5-7 days, enter incorporating period, the immigration seedling rearing room is cultivated, and healing in grafting 8-10 days survives, and wholeheartedly can go out the garden to three leaves wholeheartedly the time and is transplanted to the land for growing field crops when seedling grows up to two leaves.