CN101984791B - Double-harvest-one-year industrialized culture method for octopuses - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-harvest-one-year industrialized culture method for octopuses, which comprises the following steps of: cultivating parent octopuses in a strengthened mode, laying eggs, hatching fertilized eggs, cultivating young bodies, cultivating adults at a controlled temperature and the like. The method can stabilize and improve the physical quality of the parent octopuses, reduce mutual killing, effectively reduce the diseases of the fertilized eggs and improve hatchability. Furthermore, an adopted octopus industrialized cultivator for the fertilized eggs of the octopuses can be conveniently moved, so that cost is low, sterilization and desinsection can be performed by a high concentration medicated bath, the infringement of parasites to the octopus eggs which have relatively long hatching periods can be greatly reduced, and the adopted octopus industrialized cultivator is particularly suitable for hatching the octopus eggs on a large scale. By adopting hidden matters, the energy loss of octopus young bodies caused by swinging can be reduced, and the growth speed of the octopus young bodies can be improved. Male and female octopuses are bred in an isolated mode in the step of cultivating the adults at the controlled temperature, so that the mutual killing and energy loss caused by mating can be avoided, and the weight increment of finished octopuses is facilitated. The double-harvest-one-year industrialized culture method for the octopuses has the advantages of industrialization value, short production period, high hatchability and fewer diseases.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of batch production aquatic products cultural technique of heating, relate in particular to 1 year two batches of industrialized cultivation method of octopus.
Background technology
The octopus major part is a shallow sea property kind, and minority deep-sea property kind is also arranged.The octopus inner casing is degenerated, and little shell pin on both sides, back residual two is not only had a photophore.1 pair of oviduct of female body tool.Main battalion dwells at the end and lives in the seabed and creep, and also can rely on of short duration the parade in the bottom seawater of reaction of funnel water spray.The reproduction and the overwintering migration habit that have short square to leave are food with lobster, shrimp aunt, crab class, shellfish and benthic fishes.Self is the hunting object of shark, conger pile etc. often.Different types of egg laying amount of octopus differs very big, from several thousand surplus ten ten thousand do not wait, ovum is ripe in batches, output in batches, the ovum shape such as the rice grain of output, Chang Chengsui connects together.The object that octopus is fished for as the coastal waters tradition; Because otter-trawl is fished for bosom ovum parent in its trip to offshore in a large number in reproduction period, made resource receive very big infringement, to the nineties in 20th century; Fishing operation in coastal each the main octopus fishing ground of China obviously reduces, and its stock number falls sharply.The enforcement of the artificial large-scale farming of octopus, to increasing the mariculture new varieties, it is significant to increase economic efficiency, and to the many batches of cultural techniques of octopus, the document that also not have to be correlated with discloses.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention is directed to above-mentioned technical barrier and will solve just provides a kind of can obtaining and has industrialization value and 1 year two batches of industrialized cultivation method of octopus with short production cycle, that incubation rate is high, disease is few, and in seedling raising process, can easily carry out sterilizing operation cheaply.
1 year two batches of industrialized cultivation method of octopus, it has following steps:
1. parent population reinforced cultivating: in spawning pond, place things concealed, choose sexually matured octopus in 4～May or 10～November and support temporarily at spawning pond as parent population, the new iced trash fish of throwing something and feeding, the crab that lives were with reinforced cultivating at least 1 month; Parent population is separately cultured at different storage pond, holding ponds according to male and female; The ratio of things concealed and parent population is 1: 1;
2. the hatching lay eggs: step parent population was 1. raised together with the pond to 1: 1 than 2: 1 by male and female, and the ratio of things concealed and parent population is 1: 1, and the new iced trash fish that continues to throw something and feed, work crab; Day quantity of exchanged water is 100% to 200%, with normal aeration quantity inflation, and is aided with the low light level;
3. incubating oosperm: the fertilized egg of in the things concealed of step spawning pond 2., collecting octopus; Fertilized egg is placed on the octopus batch production egg apparatus; And octopus batch production egg apparatus is hung on the hatchery hatches, keeping 17 ℃ to 20 ℃ of water temperature range, a day quantity of exchanged water is 200% to 300%; Salinity range 15 ‰ to 29 ‰, pH scope 7.1 to 8.2; Every operation that will carry out disinfection with the octopus batch production egg apparatus taking-up hatchery of the fertilized egg of octopus at a distance from 3-7 days, and simultaneously water and routine disinfection are changed in the hatchery;
4. larval culture: the octopus young that 3. hatches in step moves to nursery pond, and the nursery pond bottom is provided with the porous brick through sterilization; The hatching back began the open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding on the 3rd; Open-mouthed bait contains wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii; It is 90: 10 that wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii are thrown something and fed according to the number ratio for the first time, and then, every day, the ratio of wheel animalcule reduced 10 day by day, and corresponding artemia nauplii ratio increases by 10 day by day, up to all being artemia nauplii.
5. the adult temperature control is cultured: will pass through the octopus young after 4. step cultivates and move into greenhouse breeds of heating, the bottom of culturing the pond is provided with things concealed, and water temperature is controlled at 24 ℃, is going out the pond before at parent population reinforced cultivating next time.
For further prioritization scheme, the technological means of taking also comprises:
Octopus batch production egg apparatus has support column 1; The upper end of support column 1 is connected with hook 2; Support column 1 side is shaped at least 2 snap rings 11; Support column 1 is arranged with attaches ovum frame 3; Attaching ovum frame 3 can be clamped on the snap ring 11; Attach ovum frame 3 and have radial cantilever 31; Be shaped on the positioning convex column 32 of evagination on the cantilever 31, can hang cord.
The hatching water of incubating oosperm step is the sand filtration clean sea water, need put into the EDTA of 1 mg/litre, with the chelating heavy metal.
The step of culturing the adult temperature control adopts the isolated rearing of male and female octopus.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: parent population is separately cultured at different storage pond, holding ponds according to male and female; The ratio of things concealed and parent population is 1: 1; Support the process as a domestication temporarily, can stabilize and increase the physique of parent population, it is residual mutually to divide the foster temporarily things concealed parent population ratio with 1: 1 in pond to reduce, thereby reduces the loss of parent population.
Suitable parent population female-male proportion utilizes limited parent population resource to greatest extent.
Adopt said temperature, salinity and pH scope; Can effectively reduce the disease of fertilized egg; Improve incubation rate, and adopt the octopus batch production egg apparatus of the fertilized egg of octopus to move easily, thereby the low cost of making, high concentration dipping sterilization and disinsection are achieved; Can reduce parasite greatly to the relatively infringement of long octopus ovum of incubation cycle, and be applicable to the hatching of extensive octopus ovum.
Adopt things concealed can reduce the energy loss that the octopus young is caused owing to moving about, accelerate its growth rate.EDTA can reduce in the seawater heavy metal ion to the adverse effect of the octopus young.
The step of culturing the adult temperature control adopts the isolated rearing of male and female octopus, can avoid the mutual residual and energy loss that causes owing to mating, is beneficial to the weightening finish of finished product octopus.
Therefore, the present invention is that a kind of can obtaining has industrialization value and 1 year two batches of industrialized cultivation method of octopus with short production cycle, that incubation rate is high, disease is few, and in seedling raising process, can easily carry out sterilizing operation cheaply.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts octopus batch production egg apparatus sectional structure sketch map for the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 attaches ovum frame perspective view for the embodiment of the invention adopts octopus batch production egg apparatus;
Fig. 3 is an embodiment of the invention incubating oosperm sketch map;
Fig. 4 is an embodiment of the invention flow chart of steps.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Drawing reference numeral explanation: support column 1, snap ring 11, helical groove 12, connector 13, hook 2, connector 21, attach ovum frame 3, cantilever 31, positioning convex column 32, buckle 33, reinforcement 34.
Embodiment: 1 year two batches of industrialized cultivation method of octopus, it has following steps:
1. parent population reinforced cultivating: in spawning pond, place things concealed, choose sexually matured octopus in 4～May or 10～November and support temporarily at spawning pond as parent population, the new iced trash fish of throwing something and feeding, the crab that lives were with reinforced cultivating 30 days; Parent population is separately cultured at different storage pond, holding ponds according to male and female; The ratio of things concealed and parent population is 1: 1;
2. the hatching lay eggs: step parent population is 1. raised together with the pond than 1.5: 1 by male and female, and the ratio of things concealed and parent population is 1: 1, and the new iced trash fish that continues to throw something and feed, work crab; Day quantity of exchanged water is 100%, with normal aeration quantity inflation, and is aided with the low light level; Generally be controlled at below the 1500Lux the preferred 1000Lux of present embodiment;
3. incubating oosperm: in the things concealed of step spawning pond 2., collect the fertilized egg of octopus, fertilized egg is placed on the octopus batch production egg apparatus, and octopus batch production egg apparatus is hung on the hatchery hatches; Keep 17 ℃ to 20 ℃ of water temperature range, temperature difference per day is less than 1 ℃, and a day quantity of exchanged water is 200%; Salinity range 15 ‰ to 29 ‰; Present embodiment is preferred 20 ‰, pH scope 7.1 to 8.2, and present embodiment is preferably about 7.3; Every operation that will carry out disinfection with the octopus batch production egg apparatus taking-up hatchery of the fertilized egg of octopus at a distance from 5 days, and simultaneously water and routine disinfection are changed in the hatchery; Sterilizing operation is hung in the little water body environment for taking out with the octopus batch production egg apparatus of the fertilized egg of octopus and concentrate, and retracts the hatchery after sterilizing 40 seconds with the PVP-I of 40mg/L.Little water body environment is generally conventional plastic cistern.When fertilized egg had more than 75% hatching, every day, the ovum frame 3 that attaches with octopus batch production egg apparatus rose along snap ring 11 step by step.Its effect is to utilize the fluctuation of water that the egg membrane of octopus ovum is further destroyed, and quickens hatching, and the young that minimizing hatches is out collected with convenient attached near the discarded ovum string.The hatching water should be the sand filtration clean sea water, need put into the EDTA of 1 mg/litre, with the chelating heavy metal.
4. larval culture: the octopus young that 3. hatches in step moves to nursery pond, and the nursery pond bottom is provided with the porous brick through sterilization; The hatching back began the open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding on the 3rd; Open-mouthed bait contains wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii; It is 90: 10 that wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii are thrown something and fed according to the number ratio for the first time, and then, every day, the ratio of wheel animalcule reduced 10 day by day, and corresponding artemia nauplii ratio increases by 10 day by day, after all being artemia nauplii, changing to throw and scratches sufficient type.
Breeding density during larval culture is controlled at 200 tail/rice
3, different with cuttlefish, the octopus young is bad to move about; Thereby the octopus batch production egg apparatus of this moment also should hang the breath of the net sheet confession octopus young; And the net sheet of suspension should contact with at the bottom of the pond, cooperates porous brick, makes that the water body at the middle and upper levels in the nursery pond also can obtain utilizing.
The young that has just hatched is about about 2 centimetres, and its outward appearance is almost completely consistent with adult.In order to accelerate the growth of the octopus young, cultivate water temperature and can adopt the method for gradient increased temperature progressively to be warming up to 24 ℃.
The hatching back began the open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding on the 3rd.The open-mouthed bait of the octopus young is a compound formulation, promptly contains to strengthen wheel animalcule and strengthen artemia nauplii.Strengthening wheel animalcule is 90: 10 with strengthening artemia nauplii according to the number ratio, and then, the ratio of strengthening wheel animalcule every day reduces 10 day by day, strengthens the artemia nauplii ratio accordingly and increases by 10 day by day, up to all being the reinforcement artemia nauplii.
Strengthening wheel animalcule uses with nutrition fortifier reinforcement back before throwing something and feeding with the reinforcement artemia nauplii.Nutrition fortifier is chlorella or yeast.Cultural method is following: with about 50 cubic metres ponds as the bait pond, the clear pond of bleaching powder, aeration was cultivated preceding preparation in 3 days.In wheel animalcule or halogen worm culture pond, inoculate chlorella earlier, when reaching 1,000 ten thousand cells/ml, inoculating rotifer, inoculum density are about 30 cells/ml.After 3-5 days, along with the breeding of wheel animalcule, the part wheel animalcule of can gathering every day.Gathering has together sucked the filtration string bag with seawater together with wheel animalcule with siphon pipe, and the interpolation fresh seawater is supplemented to former water level in the bait pond.Throw something and feed as required to the octopus young as bait according to aforementioned proportion.It is too much that the bait pond of having added fresh seawater can wheel animalcule occur, and cause the not enough phenomenon of chlorella quantity.This moment, available yeast was thrown something and fed as replenishing.After the results, passed through approximately 10-20 days repeatedly, water quality runs down, and residual bait, assorted algae deposition are arranged at the bottom of the pond, and the wheel animalcule reproduction rate descends, and at this moment wheel animalcule is all gathered, and changes the pond and cultivates again.
Long after 10cm when the octopus young, change and throw fresh and alive small fish and shrimp.
5. the adult temperature control is cultured: will pass through the octopus young after 4. step cultivates and move into greenhouse breeds of heating, the bottom of culturing the pond is provided with things concealed, and water temperature is controlled at 24 ℃, is going out the pond before at parent population reinforced cultivating next time.Go out Chi Houke and sell, or change net cage continuation breed a period of time over to.
Octopus batch production egg apparatus has support column 1; The upper end of support column 1 is connected with hook 2; Support column 1 side is shaped at least 2 snap rings 11; Support column 1 is arranged with attaches ovum frame 3; Attaching ovum frame 3 can be clamped on the snap ring 11; Attach ovum frame 3 and have radial cantilever 31; Be shaped on the positioning convex column 32 of evagination on the cantilever 31, can hang cord.
The hatching water of incubating oosperm step is the sand filtration clean sea water, need put into the EDTA of 1 mg/litre, with the chelating heavy metal.
The step of culturing the adult temperature control adopts the isolated rearing of male and female octopus.
Although combined preferred embodiment the present invention has been described; Right its is not in order to limit the present invention; Any those skilled in the art; Under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can implement the displacement and the modification of various changes, coordinate to the theme of listing here, so protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion when looking the scope thereof that is proposed.
Claims (3)
1. 1 year two batches of industrialized cultivation method of octopus is characterized in that having following steps:
1. parent population reinforced cultivating: in spawning pond, place things concealed, choose sexually matured octopus in 4～May or 10～November and support temporarily at described spawning pond as parent population, the new iced trash fish of throwing something and feeding, the crab that lives were with reinforced cultivating at least 1 month; Described parent population is separately cultured at different storage pond, holding ponds according to male and female; The ratio of described things concealed and described parent population is 1: 1;
2. the hatching lay eggs: step parent population was 1. raised together with the pond to 1: 1 than 2: 1 by male and female, and the ratio of described things concealed and described parent population is 1: 1, and the new iced trash fish that continues to throw something and feed, work crab; Day quantity of exchanged water is 100% to 200%, with normal aeration quantity inflation, and is aided with the low light level;
3. incubating oosperm: the fertilized egg of in the things concealed of step spawning pond 2., collecting octopus; Described fertilized egg is placed on the octopus batch production egg apparatus; And described octopus batch production egg apparatus is hung on the hatchery hatches, keeping 17 ℃ to 20 ℃ of water temperature range, a day quantity of exchanged water is 200% to 300%; Salinity range 15 ‰ to 29 ‰, pH scope 7.1 to 8.2; Every at a distance from 3-7 days will be described with the operation that carries out disinfection of the octopus batch production egg apparatus taking-up hatchery of the fertilized egg of octopus;
4. larval culture: the octopus young that 3. hatches in step moves to nursery pond, and described nursery pond bottom is provided with the porous brick through sterilization; The hatching back began the open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding on the 3rd; Described open-mouthed bait contains wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii; It is 90: 10 that described wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii are thrown something and fed according to the number ratio for the first time, and then, every day, the ratio of wheel animalcule reduced 10 day by day, and corresponding artemia nauplii ratio increases by 10 day by day, up to all being artemia nauplii;
5. the adult temperature control is cultured: will pass through the octopus young after 4. step cultivates and move into greenhouse breeds of heating, the bottom of culturing the pond is provided with things concealed, and water temperature is controlled at 24 ℃, is going out the pond before at parent population reinforced cultivating next time; Step 3. in, sterilizing operation is hung in the little water body environment for will be described take out and concentrate with the octopus batch production egg apparatus of the fertilized egg of octopus, retracts the hatchery after sterilizing 35 seconds to 60 seconds with the PVP-I of 30mg/L to 45mg/L; Step 3. in, when fertilized egg had more than 75% hatching, every day, the ovum frame (3) that attaches with described octopus batch production egg apparatus rose step by step; Described octopus batch production egg apparatus has support column (1); The upper end of described support column (1) is connected with hook (2); Described support column (1) side is shaped at least 2 snap rings (11); Described support column (1) is arranged with attaches ovum frame (3); Described attach ovum frame (3) and can be clamped on the snap ring (11); Described attach ovum frame (3) and have radial cantilever (31); Be shaped on the positioning convex column (32) of evagination on the described cantilever (31), can hang cord.
2. 1 year two batches of industrialized cultivation method of octopus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the hatching water of incubating oosperm step is the sand filtration clean sea water, need put into the EDTA of 1 mg/litre, with the chelating heavy metal.
3. 1 year two batches of industrialized cultivation method of octopus according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described adult temperature control is cultured step and is adopted the isolated rearing of male and female octopus.
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| CN102550460B (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-07-31 | 山东省海洋水产研究所 | Artificial propagation method of Octopus ocellatus in outdoor earth pond |
| CN104756922B (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-10-28 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of intensive overwintering culture method of long octopus |
| CN109287526B (en) * | 2018-09-22 | 2021-06-04 | 连云港侨海渔业科技有限公司 | Method for domesticating and pre-germinating sepia esculenta parents |
| CN109644898A (en) * | 2019-02-03 | 2019-04-19 | 宁德市南海水产科技有限公司 | A kind of complete artificial method for culturing seedlings of long octopus scale |
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| CN101317551A (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2008-12-10 | 浙江海洋学院 | Artificial nursery stock growing method for Ooctopus ocellatus |
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