CN101983765A - 一种助剂改性的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇的催化剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种助剂改性的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇的催化剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical class O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
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- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical group CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
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- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEVLJKYYUVTRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomalonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=O)C(O)=O XEEVLJKYYUVTRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 claims 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical group [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910007470 ZnO—Al2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 24
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
- C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
- C07C29/153—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the catalyst used
- C07C29/154—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the catalyst used containing copper, silver, gold, or compounds thereof
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- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/12—Silica and alumina
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/14—Silica and magnesia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/80—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with zinc, cadmium or mercury
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/08—Silica
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Abstract
一种助剂改性的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇的催化剂及制备方法,属于催化剂技术领域。其特征是所述二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂组分质量比:CuO∶ZnO∶Al2O3∶SiO2∶MgO=A∶B∶C∶D∶E,其A∶B的范围在1/5~5/1之间,C的范围在A与B之和的1~10%之间,D的范围在A与B之和的0.1~20%之间,E的范围在A与B之和的0~20%之间,D∶E的范围在0.001~100之间,采用共沉淀方法制得。本发明的效果和益处是相对于不含MgO、SiO2的同组分质量比CuO-ZnO-Al2O3催化剂,具有更好的活性、稳定性和甲醇选择性,制备方法简单、成本低、污染小,是二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇的高效催化剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于催化剂技术领域,涉及一种助剂改性的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂及制备方法。
背景技术
随着工业化发展速度的加快,特别是石油化工行业的迅猛发展,二氧化碳温室气体超标准排放,所引起的“温室效应”和“臭氧空洞”日益影响人类与大自然的和谐相处,已经引起全世界范围的广泛关注,2009年哥本哈根会议,再一次把世人的目光会聚到温室气体的排放上。二氧化碳气体的随意排放不仅造成严重的环境问题,而且造成碳资源的严重浪费。二氧化碳催化加氢,则可生成高附加值的化工产品如甲醇、甲烷、甲酸、二甲醚、乙醇等,这些产物进一步转化,可生产汽油和其它有机聚合物等,可以缓解目前资源紧缺的局面,具有化工、环保、经济等多重意义。
二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇是目前研究的热点,1923年世界上第一个甲醇工厂在BASF公司建立,所用催化剂是ZnO/Cr2O3,反应条件为300℃、20MPa。目前采用最多的是高活性、高选择性的CuO-ZnO-Al2O3催化剂,该催化剂在200℃就具有较好的活性和甲醇选择性。但是随着研究的进一步深入,新的高效催化剂和更缓和的反应条件不断呈现。CuO-ZnO-Al2O3催化剂的制备技术不断推陈出新,超细颗粒催化剂具有较高的比表面积、高分散度、热稳定性好、高表面能和表面活性点多等特点,表现出不同于常规材料的独特催化性能,同时超细催化剂具有副产物少和甲醇选择性高等特点。载体选择更加新颖化,常见的载体有ZrO2、Al2O3、TiO2、活性炭(AC)等,目前已出现用碳纳米管(CNTs)作为载体和用复合载体的催化剂,表现出更高的活性、甲醇选择性和热稳定性。目前对二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇铜基催化剂的研究主要集中在制备方法的进一步优化和改进上,目的是提高催化剂的活性、甲醇选择性和稳定性,通过添加助剂来改善催化剂的性能是研究者追求的目标之一。
中国专利CN1660490所涉及的甲醇合成催化剂,由CuO/ZnO/Al2O3,摩尔比为6/3/1,并加入一定量的表面活性剂组成,采用共沉淀法或分步沉淀法制得。
中国专利CN1329938所涉及的甲醇合成催化剂,CuO/ZnO/Al2O3按一定配比组成,在制备方法上与其它方法不同,将催化剂母料制备分为两部分,一是用共沉淀法制成含铜、锌、铝的共沉淀前驱体,二是采用共沉淀法制备不含铝的铜、锌共沉淀前驱体。
专利CN1660490所加入表面活性剂不能提高对二氧化碳的吸附,甲醇选择性提高不大,专利CN1329938在制备方法上较为复杂,本发明与以上两种专利相比,既没有加入表面活性剂,又不必为两部分制备催化剂前驱体,只需加入助催化剂MgO即可,制备工艺简单,环境污染小,成本低。
发明内容
本发明提供一种助剂改性的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂及制备方法,通过添加助催化剂SiO2、MgO+SiO2其中的一种来改善催化剂的性能,解决的技术问题是提高催化剂的活性、甲醇选择性和催化剂的稳定性。
本发明的技术方案是:
本发明所述的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂包括下述质量分数的组分:CuO∶ZnO∶Al2O3∶SiO2∶MgO=A∶B∶C∶D∶E,其A∶B的范围在1/5~5/1之间,C的范围在A与B之和的1~10%之间,D的范围在A与B之和的0.1~20%之间,E的范围在A与B之和的0~20%之间,D∶E的范围在0.001~100之间,CuO:20~70%(W/W%),ZnO:20~70%(W/W%),Al2O3:5~10%(W/W%),SiO2:0.1~20%(W/W%),MgO:0~20%(W/W%)。
本发明催化剂的制备采用共沉淀法,包括以下步骤:
步骤(1):将铜、锌、铝、镁的硝酸盐溶解在无水乙醇或水中,得到浓度为0.1~5mol/L的混合溶液,其中氧化镁加入量,控制在0~20%之间;
步骤(2):配置草酸乙醇溶液或草酸水溶液0.1~3mol/L,其中草酸可用碳酸钠、尿素、碳酸钾、碳酸氨其中一种代替;
步骤(3)称取一定量的正硅酸乙酯,或将所称取的正硅酸乙酯滴入10ml水中形成混合溶液,搅拌2~10分钟,并静置5~30分钟;
步骤(4):将步骤(2)的草酸水溶液在加热和搅拌的条件下,滴入步骤(1)所述的混合溶液中,同时滴入步骤(3)的正硅酸乙酯,如果用步骤(2)所述的草酸乙醇溶液在加热和搅拌的条件下滴入步骤(1)的混合溶液中,则需要滴入步骤(3)的正硅酸乙酯与水中形成的混合溶液,反应容器中溶液温度控制在50~80℃,加热、搅拌、反应4小时,老化1小时,然后将沉淀物前驱体过滤、洗涤、控制滤液pH值在7~8之间,如果溶剂为乙醇,须反应至乙醇完全蒸发,之后将滤饼或乙醇完全蒸发后的剩余物在110℃下干燥24小时,然后以3.0℃/min的程序升温至350℃焙烧4小时,降至室温,研磨、压片、破碎、筛分即得到二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇的催化剂。
本发明的效果和益处是所述方法制备的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂,活性、甲醇选择性和稳定性,均优于不添加SiO2或MgO+SiO2助剂的同比例CuO-ZnO-Al2O3催化剂,符合节能降耗和环保要求,适用于二氧化碳和氢气在较低温度和压力下反应。
具体实施方式
以下结合技术方案详细叙述本发明的具体实施方式。
实施例1
称取22.76g Cu(NO3)2·3H2O,21.91g Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,11.03g Al(NO3)3·9H2O,0.95g Mg(NO3)2·6H2O溶于300ml乙醇中,溶液记为A液,称取32.06gH2C2O4·2H2O溶于150ml乙醇中,溶液记为B液,称取0.52g正硅酸乙酯溶于10 ml水中,溶液记为C液,在70℃和搅拌条件下,把B液滴入A液中共沉淀反应,同时滴入C液,得到沉淀液(1),在70℃和搅拌条件下直至乙醇完全蒸发,然后把得到的催化剂前驱体在110℃下烘干24小时,以3.0℃/min的程序升温至350℃焙烧4小时,降至室温,研磨、压片、破碎、筛分得一定粒径颗粒,即得到二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂。
实施例2
称取22.76g Cu(NO3)2·3H2O,21.91g Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,11.03g Al(NO3)3·9H2O,0.95g Mg(NO3)2·6H2O溶于300ml水中,溶液记为A液,称取32.06g H2C2O4·2H2O溶于150ml水中,溶液记为B液,称取0.52g正硅酸乙酯,在70℃和搅拌条件下,把B液滴入A液中共沉淀反应,同时滴入正硅酸乙酯,得到沉淀液(1),在70℃和搅拌条件下反应4小时,老化1小时,然后把得到的催化剂前驱体沉淀过滤、洗涤,控制滤液PH值在7~8之间,把滤饼在110℃下烘干24小时,以3.0℃/min的程序升温至350℃焙烧4小时,降至室温,研磨、压片、破碎、筛分得一定粒径颗粒,即得到二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂。
实施例3
称取22.76g Cu(NO3)2·3H2O,21.91g Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,11.03g Al(NO3)3·9H2O,溶于300ml水中,溶液记为A液,称取32.06g H2C2O4·2H2O溶于150ml水中,溶液记为B液,称取0.52g正硅酸乙酯,在70℃和搅拌条件下,把B液滴入A液中共沉淀反应,同时滴入正硅酸乙酯,得到沉淀液(1),在70℃和搅拌条件下反应4小时,老化1小时,然后把得到的催化剂前驱体沉淀过滤、洗涤,控制滤液PH值在7~8之间,把滤饼在110℃下烘干24小时,以3.0℃/min的程序升温至350℃焙烧4小时,降至室温,研磨、压片、破碎、筛分得一定粒径颗粒,即得到二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂。
实施例4
称取22.76g Cu(NO3)2·3H2O,21.91g Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,11.03g Al(NO3)3·9H2O,溶于300ml乙醇中,溶液记为A液,称取32.06g H2C2O4·2H2O溶于150ml乙醇中,溶液记为B液,0.52g正硅酸乙酯溶于10ml水中,溶液记为C液,在70℃和搅拌条件下,把B液滴入A液中共沉淀反应,同时滴入C液,得到沉淀液(1),在70℃和搅拌条件下反应4小时,老化1小时,然后把得到的催化剂前驱体沉淀过滤、洗涤,控制滤液pH值在7~8之间,把滤饼在110℃下烘干24小时,以3.0℃/min的程序升温至350℃焙烧4小时,降至室温,研磨、压片、破碎、筛分得一定粒径颗粒,即得到二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂。
实施例5
称取22.76g Cu(NO3)2·3H2O,21.91g Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,11.03g Al(NO3)3·9H2O,0.95g Mg(NO3)2·6H2O溶于300ml乙醇中,溶液记为A液,称取26.96g Na2CO3溶于150ml乙醇中,溶液记为B液,称取0.52g正硅酸乙酯溶于10ml水中,溶液记为C液,在70℃和搅拌条件下,把B液滴入A液中共沉淀反应,同时滴入C液,得到沉淀液(1),在70℃和搅拌条件下直至乙醇完全蒸发,然后把得到的催化剂前驱体在110℃下烘干24小时,以3.0℃/min的程序升温至350℃焙烧4小时,降至室温,研磨、压片、破碎、筛分得一定粒径颗粒,即得到二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂。
实施例6
称取22.76g Cu(NO3)2·3H2O,21.91g Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,11.03g Al(NO3)3·9H2O,0.95g Mg(NO3)2·6H2O溶于300ml水中,溶液记为A液,称取26.96g Na2CO3溶于150 ml水中,溶液记为B液,称取0.52 g正硅酸乙酯,在70℃和搅拌条件下,把B液滴入A液中共沉淀反应,同时滴入正硅酸乙酯,得到沉淀液(1),在70℃和搅拌条件下反应4小时,老化1小时,然后把得到的催化剂前驱体沉淀过滤、洗涤,控制滤液PH值在7~8之间,把滤饼在110℃下烘干24小时,以3.0℃/min的程序升温至350℃焙烧4小时,降至室温,研磨、压片、破碎、筛分得一定粒径颗粒,即得到二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂。
实施例7
称取22.76g Cu(NO3)2·3H2O,21.91g Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,11.03g Al(NO3)39·H2O,溶于300ml水中,溶液记为A液,称取26.96g Na2CO3溶于150ml水中,溶液记为B液,称取0.52g正硅酸乙酯,在70℃和搅拌条件下,把B液滴入A液中共沉淀反应,同时滴入正硅酸乙酯,得到沉淀液(1),在70℃和搅拌条件下反应4小时,老化1小时,然后把得到的催化剂前驱体沉淀过滤、洗涤,控制滤液PH值在7~8之间,把滤饼在110℃下烘干24小时,以3.0℃/min的程序升温至350℃焙烧4小时,降至室温,研磨、压片、破碎、筛分得一定粒径颗粒,即得到二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂。
实施例8
称取22.76g Cu(NO3)2·3H2O,21.91g Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,11.03g Al(NO3)3·9H2O,溶于300ml乙醇中,溶液记为A液,称取26.96g Na2CO3溶于150ml乙醇中,溶液记为B液,0.52g正硅酸乙酯溶于10ml水中,溶液记为C液,在70℃和搅拌条件下,把B液滴入A液中共沉淀反应,同时滴入C液,得到沉淀液(1),在70℃和搅拌条件下反应4小时,老化1小时,然后把得到的催化剂前驱体沉淀过滤、洗涤,控制滤液pH值在7~8之间,把滤饼在110℃下烘干24小时,以3.0℃/min的程序升温至350℃焙烧4小时,降至室温,研磨、压片、破碎、筛分得一定粒径颗粒,即得到二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂。
附表1:催化剂CuO-ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2的催化性能(g·cat)
催化剂:CuO-ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2,CuO/ZnO/Al2O3/SiO2=5/4/1/X(质量比,其中
X=0.001~0.2)
反应条件:T=200℃,P=2.4Mpa,WHSV=3600h-1,H2/CO2=3/1(体积比),反应前用10% H2/N2程序升温至250℃还原2小时。
附表2:催化剂CuO-ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO的催化性能(g·cat)
催化剂:CuO-ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO,CuO/ZnO/Al2O3/SiO2/MgO=5/4/1/X/Y
(质量比,其中X=0~0.2,Y=0.001~0.2,且X/Y=1)
反应条件:T=200℃,P=2.4Mpa,WHSV=3600h-1,H2/CO2=3/1(体积比),反应前用10% H2/N2程序升温至250℃还原2小时。
Claims (7)
1.一种助剂改性的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇的催化剂及制备方法,其特征在于:所述二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂的组分质量比为CuO∶ZnO∶Al2O3∶SiO2∶MgO=A∶B∶C∶D∶E,其A∶B的范围在1/5~5/1之间,C的范围在A与B之和的1~10%之间,D的范围在A与B之和的0.1~20%之间,E的范围在A与B之和的0~20%之间,D∶E的范围在0.001~100之间,采用共沉淀法制得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种助剂改性的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇的催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于催化剂制备包括以下步骤:
步骤(1):将铜、锌、铝、镁的硝酸盐溶解在无水乙醇或水中,得到浓度为0.1~5mol/L的混合溶液,其中MgO的加入量控制在0~20%之间,SiO2的加入量控制在0.1~20%之间;
步骤(2):配置草酸乙醇溶液或草酸水溶液0.1~3mol/L,其中草酸可用碳酸钠、尿素、碳酸钾、碳酸氨其中一种代替;
步骤(3):将步骤(2)的草酸乙醇溶液或草酸水溶液在加热和搅拌的条件下,滴入步骤(1)的混合溶液中,同时滴入正硅酸乙酯与水形成的混合溶液,温度控制在50~80℃,反应直至乙醇完全蒸发,如果溶剂为水,正硅酸乙酯直接滴入,不需要溶于水中,反应4小时,老化1小时,然后将沉淀物前驱体过滤、洗涤、控制滤液pH值在7~8之间,之后将乙醇蒸发后剩余的催化剂前驱体或滤得的催化剂前驱体放入烘箱干燥干燥24小时,然后以3.0℃/min的程序升温至350℃焙烧4小时,降至室温,研磨、压片、破碎、筛分即得到二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇催化剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种助剂改性的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇的催化剂,其特征在于所述的二氧化碳催化加氢合成甲醇催化剂还包括助催化剂MgO、SiO2,其中MgO质量百分含量为0~20%,SiO2的质量百分含量为0.1~20%,SiO2与MgO的质量比在0.001~100之间。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种助剂改性的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇的催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于所述的载体沉淀剂为硝酸铝/硝酸镁混合溶液0.1~0.2mol/L。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种助剂改性的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇的催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于所述的沉淀剂是草酸或碳酸钠、碳酸钾、尿素、碳酸氨其中一种。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种助剂改性的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇的催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于50~80℃共沉淀,用草酸乙醇溶液滴定,所用正硅酸乙酯需要先溶解在水中形成水溶液,之后将所得水溶液滴入沉淀液中,结束后继续搅拌至乙醇蒸发完,催化剂前驱体在110℃下干燥24小时,以3.0℃/min的程序升温至350℃焙烧4小时。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种助剂改性的二氧化碳催化加氢制甲醇的催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于50~80℃共沉淀,用草酸水溶液滴定,同时滴入正硅酸乙酯,催化剂前驱体在110℃下干燥24小时,以3.0℃/min的程序升温至350℃焙烧4小时。
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CN109289854A (zh) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-01 | 四川天科技股份有限公司 | 一种高稳定性高强度合成甲醇催化剂及其制备方法 |
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CN109731578A (zh) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-10 | 东南大学 | 一种二氧化碳加氢转化催化剂及其制备方法与应用 |
CN113557087A (zh) * | 2019-04-15 | 2021-10-26 | 庄信万丰股份有限公司 | 含有铜、氧化锌、氧化铝和二氧化硅的催化剂 |
CN113557087B (zh) * | 2019-04-15 | 2024-03-19 | 庄信万丰股份有限公司 | 含有铜、氧化锌、氧化铝和二氧化硅的催化剂 |
CN111974393A (zh) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-11-24 | 西北大学 | 一种低温等离子体-光耦合甲烷制甲醇的催化剂的制备方法及制备甲醇的方法 |
CN112430472A (zh) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-03-02 | 武汉大学 | 一种co2加氢直接制备低碳醇联产汽油的方法 |
CN116637624A (zh) * | 2022-02-15 | 2023-08-25 | 厦门大学 | 一种高选择性高稳定性二氧化碳制甲醇催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN117019217A (zh) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-11-10 | 珠海市福沺能源科技有限公司 | 复合催化剂及其应用于二氧化碳加氢合成饱和烃的方法 |
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