CN101911870A - Rape-sweet potato double cropping return-straw-to-field cultivating method - Google Patents
Rape-sweet potato double cropping return-straw-to-field cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101911870A CN101911870A CN 201010227811 CN201010227811A CN101911870A CN 101911870 A CN101911870 A CN 101911870A CN 201010227811 CN201010227811 CN 201010227811 CN 201010227811 A CN201010227811 A CN 201010227811A CN 101911870 A CN101911870 A CN 101911870A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rape-sweet potato double cropping return-straw-to-field cultivating method, which comprises the following steps: making rape ridges; preparing ridges and making furrows; applying basic fertilizer in furrows; sowing rapes; earthing up rapes by making deep furrows; performing field management; harvesting rape; burying furrows in vegetable land; ploughing and preparing land; applying basic fertilizer at bottom; earthing up ridged field by making deep furrows, planting sweet potatoes; performing field management; and harvesting sweet potatoes and the like. In the high-ridge and deep-furrow cultivating method, returning straw to field is adopted as a cultivating process of rape and sweet potatoes, so the problem that the straw of the rape and sweet potatoes cannot be returned to the field is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods of cultivation of straw-returning, especially relate to the methods of cultivation of winter rape stubble plantation summer sweet potato, 1 year two ripe returning total stalks into fields.
Background technology
The photosynthetic product of crops has over half being present in the stalk, and stalk is a kind of reproducible living resources of multipurpose that have.China peasant has long history to the utilization of crops straw, and traditional farming yields poorly period, and stalk quantity is few, and stalk removes and is used for packing ring, pasture on a small quantity, and fraction is used for outside feed and the fertilizer, and is most of as life fuel.Along with the development of agricultural production, crop yield significantly improves, and stalk quantity also increases synchronously, and popularizing of coal and liquefied gas burnt in the popularization of firewood-saving and coal-saving technology in addition, makes the rural area that a large amount of stalks more than needed be arranged.Facts have proved, crops straw is turned over press and the field is an effective well stimulation.
Winter rape results back plantation summer sweet potato is the important crops for rotation layout of China's dry farming.The methods of cultivation of rape and sweet potato are restricting straw-returning at present.Rape chess and sweet potato vine, fraction is as outside fuel and the feed, most of on-site incineration or be discarded in that roadside, canal are close to, stream, pond, directly contaminated environment waste resource, its reason is because the methods of cultivation of existing rape and sweet potato can not be implemented the requirement of rape chess and sweet potato vine total crop return.
At present, the nonirrigated farmland rape adopts the square cave of the bedding shallow ridges kind methods of cultivation, and sweet potato adopts micro-ridge shallow ridges single file to plant the methods of cultivation.The concrete methods of cultivation of rape and sweet potato may further comprise the steps:
1, make the rape furrow: the setting-out corrugate is done furrow, furrow face width 100cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, furrow ditch depth 15cm on the nonirrigated farmland of rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning.
2, leveling furrow face: it is broken that corrugate soil is turned up soil, cleaning furrow ditch, leveling furrow face.
3, the dish cave of buying oil: every furrow are made a call to 4 caves, spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 30cm.
4, base manure is spreaded manuer in holes: application in the planting hole.
5, plantation rape: transplanting rape, every cave plants a strain; Direct-sowing rape, every cave final singling 2 strains, fixed 4 strains in the every cave of field piece that the late sowing seedling is little.
6, field management: water and topdress, intertill and clean tillage, ditch cleaning ridging, insect pests crop smothering etc.
7, receive the de-oiling dish: receive the de-oiling vegetable seed on the spot.
8, handle the dish chess: the common on-site incineration of rape chess.
9, plough whole ground: plough rape field and broken Tu Fa, sweet potato makes preparations for sowing.
10, base manure bottom application: row application is on field face middle at the bottom of the ridge before doing the sweet potato ridge.
11, do the sweet potato ridge: ridge bottom width 70cm, ditch bottom width 20cm, the micro-ridge of high 25cm.
12, plant sweet potato: single file is planted, spacing in the rows 20cm.
13, field management: water and topdress, intertill and clean tillage, ditch cleaning ridging, insect pests crop smothering etc.
14, results sweet potato: after the sweet potato results, sweet potato vine is abandoned the field usually.
Above-mentionedly beat cave plantation rape and there is following defective in micro-ridge plantation sweet potato:
1, stalk field also: rape furrow ditch is shallow, and the sweet potato furrow is shallow, and rape chess and sweet potato vine all can't utilize ditch to bury also field, usually on-site incineration or abandon the field.
2, zanjon hilling difficulty is carried out: beat kind rape cave, cave apart from all equidistantly little, furrow face fluctuating soil block is many, and zanjon hilling difficulty is big, generally carries out the ditch cleaning ridging; Micro-ridge is planted sweet potato, and the ridge is little and steep, can only the ditch cleaning ridging.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, straw-returning is listed in the farming program of rape and sweet potato, a kind of rape-sweet potato double cropping return-straw-to-field cultivating method that solves returning total stalks into fields in cultivating procedure is provided.
Rape-sweet potato double cropping return-straw-to-field cultivating method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1, make the rape furrow: the setting-out corrugate is done furrow, furrow face width 100cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, furrow ditch depth 15cm on the nonirrigated farmland of rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning.
2, whole furrow are split ditch: split the plantation ditch on the furrow face, split from furrow ditch 20cm place at plantation ditch center, and it is uniform to plant ditch, and every furrow are split 2 plantation ditches.
3, base manure row replacement: row application is in the plantation ditch.
4, plantation rape: plant or the drilling rape with plantation ditch bar, transplanting rape spacing in the rows 15cm, direct-sowing rape stays the seedling number in the 12000-24000 strain for every mu.
5, zanjon is stopped up dish: stopped up dish with regard to zanjon the same day of rapeseed cultivation, and the furrow ditch is uprooted 25cm under the face of field, and Tu Fa is moved up equably in the empty width of cloth of furrow face two row rapes.
6, field management: the fertilising of watering, intertill and clean tillage, ditch cleaning ridging, insect pests crop smothering etc.
7, receive the de-oiling dish: receive the de-oiling vegetable seed on the spot.
8, dish chess buried channel: vegetable seed chess and vegetable seed shell full dose are treaded in the furrow ditch of rape furrow, accomplish that a furrow rape stalk buries a furrow ditch.
9, plough whole ground: after rape stalk treads in rape furrow ditch, with rape furrow ditch is the center, adopts the two sides stubble-cleaning to plough the soil, and making crude oil small sections of a vegetable plot ditch is to be the furrow ditch in the furrow, in the furrow, the end rape stalk of turning over is buried end synchronously, forms wide furrow face and the wide furrow ditch of 40cm of 100cm.
10, base manure bottom application: after the rape stubble is ploughed broken upturned soil, row application plant two the row sweet potatoes hilling under.
11, zanjon is stopped up furrow: stand in hoe opposite furrow hyposulculus soil on the sweet potato furrow face, form furrow bottom width 120cm, furrow furrow width 20cm, the sweet potato furrow of the high 40cm of furrow.
12, plant sweet potato: every ridge cultivation is inserted two row sweet potatoes, line-spacing 50cm in the furrow, spacing in the rows 26cm.
13, field management: the fertilising of watering, intertill and clean tillage, the ditch cleaning ridging keeps furrow face height, insect pests crop smothering etc.
14, results sweet potato: gather in the crops sweet potato in good time, tread in the sweet potato furrow ditch after the neat furrow face of sweet potato vine is cut, a furrow sweet potato vine buries a furrow ditch, one furrow, two row sweet potatoes divide both sides to receive, sweet potato harvest home like this, sweet potato vine is also buried end, has also carried out the blank furrow of second stubble crop simultaneously.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, the tillage method of high furrow zanjon has solved the also difficult problem in field of rape chess and sweet potato vine, and method is simple to save labor, and the protection environment that can conserve water and soil, poly-fertile retaining getting fat are improved the soil, drought-relief, waterlogging-preventing stable high yield.Through test, rape and sweet potato increase 15% than general planting per unit area yield, save 10% artificial.Rape furrow ditch and sweet potato furrow ditch be to same direction translation 40cm, straw-returning 2 years 4 times, and plow layer is brought up to about 25cm, the soil organic matter significantly enhances, be to improve the low and medium-yield farmland, build the methods of cultivation of high-yielding grain fields, economic, social, ecological benefits can both be improved.
Specific implementation method
Rape-sweet potato double cropping return-straw-to-field cultivating method may further comprise the steps:
1, make the rape furrow: the setting-out corrugate is done furrow, furrow face width 100cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, furrow ditch depth 15cm on the nonirrigated farmland of rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning.
2, whole furrow are split ditch: split the plantation ditch on the furrow face, split from furrow ditch 20cm place at plantation ditch center, and it is uniform to plant ditch, and every furrow are split 2 plantation ditches.
3, base manure row replacement: row application is in the plantation ditch.
4, plantation rape: plant or the drilling rape with plantation ditch bar, transplanting rape spacing in the rows 15cm, direct-sowing rape stay the seedling number in the 12000-24000 strain.
5, zanjon is stopped up dish: but stopped up dish with regard to zanjon the same day of rapeseed cultivation, the furrow ditch is uprooted 25cm under the face of field, Tu Fa is moved up equably in the empty width of cloth of furrow face two row rapes.
6, field management: the fertilising of watering, intertill and clean tillage, ditch cleaning ridging, insect pests crop smothering etc.
7, receive the de-oiling dish: receive the de-oiling vegetable seed on the spot.
8, dish chess buried channel: rape chess and vegetable seed shell full dose are treaded in the rape furrow ditch, accomplish that a furrow rape stalk buries a furrow ditch.
9, plough whole ground: after rape stalk treads in rape furrow ditch, with rape furrow ditch is the center, adopts the two sides stubble-cleaning to plough the soil, and making crude oil small sections of a vegetable plot ditch is to be the furrow ditch in the furrow, in the furrow, the end rape stalk of turning over is buried end synchronously, forms wide furrow face and the wide furrow ditch of 40cm of 100cm.
10, base manure bottom application: after the rape stubble is ploughed broken upturned soil, row application plant two the row sweet potatoes hilling under.
11, zanjon is stopped up furrow: stand in hoe opposite furrow hyposulculus soil on the sweet potato furrow face, form furrow bottom width 120cm, furrow furrow width 20cm, the sweet potato furrow of the high 40cm of furrow.
12, plant sweet potato: every ridge cultivation is inserted two row sweet potatoes, line-spacing 50cm in the furrow, spacing in the rows 26cm.
13, field management: the fertilising of watering, intertill and clean tillage, ditch cleaning ridging, insect pests crop smothering etc.
14, results sweet potato: gather in the crops sweet potato in good time, tread in the sweet potato furrow ditch after the neat furrow face of sweet potato vine is cut, a furrow sweet potato vine buries a furrow ditch, one furrow, two row sweet potatoes divide both sides to receive, sweet potato harvest home like this, sweet potato vine is also buried end, has also carried out the blank furrow of second stubble crop simultaneously.
Claims (1)
1. rape-sweet potato double cropping return-straw-to-field cultivating method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) make the rape furrow: the setting-out corrugate is done furrow, furrow face width 100cm, furrow furrow width 40cm, furrow ditch depth 15cm on the nonirrigated farmland of rotary tillage or artificial stubble-cleaning;
(2) whole furrow are split ditch: split the plantation ditch on the furrow face, split from furrow ditch 20cm place at plantation ditch center, and it is uniform to plant ditch, and every furrow are split 2 plantation ditches;
(3) base manure row replacement: row application is in the plantation ditch;
(4) plantation rape: plant or the drilling rape with plantation ditch bar, transplanting rape spacing in the rows 15cm, direct-sowing rape stays the seedling number in the 12000-24000 strain for every mu;
(5) zanjon is stopped up dish: stopped up dish with regard to zanjon the same day of rapeseed cultivation, and the furrow ditch is uprooted 25cm under the face of field, and Tu Fa is moved up equably in the empty width of cloth of furrow face two row rapes;
(6) field management: the fertilising of watering, intertill and clean tillage, ditch cleaning ridging, insect pests crop smothering etc.;
(7) receive the de-oiling dish: receive the de-oiling vegetable seed on the spot;
(8) dish chess buried channel: vegetable seed chess and vegetable seed shell full dose are treaded in the furrow ditch of rape furrow, accomplish that a furrow rape stalk buries a furrow ditch;
(9) plough whole ground: after rape stalk treads in rape furrow ditch, with rape furrow ditch is the center, adopts the two sides stubble-cleaning to plough the soil, and making crude oil small sections of a vegetable plot ditch is to be the furrow ditch in the furrow, in the furrow, the end rape stalk of turning over is buried end synchronously, forms wide furrow face and the wide furrow ditch of 40cm of 100cm;
(10) base manure bottom application: after the rape stubble is ploughed broken upturned soil, row application plant two the row sweet potatoes hilling under;
(11) zanjon is stopped up furrow: stand in hoe opposite furrow hyposulculus soil on the sweet potato furrow face, form furrow bottom width 120cm, furrow furrow width 20cm, the sweet potato furrow of the high 40cm of furrow;
(12) plant sweet potato: every ridge cultivation is inserted two row sweet potatoes, line-spacing 50cm in the furrow, spacing in the rows 26cm;
(13) field management: the fertilising of watering, intertill and clean tillage, the ditch cleaning ridging keeps furrow face height, insect pests crop smothering etc.;
(14) results sweet potato: gather in the crops sweet potato in good time, tread in the sweet potato furrow ditch after the neat furrow face of sweet potato vine is cut, a furrow sweet potato vine buries a furrow ditch, one furrow, two row sweet potatoes divide both sides to receive, sweet potato harvest home like this, sweet potato vine is also buried end, has also carried out the blank furrow of second stubble crop simultaneously.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102278117A CN101911870B (en) | 2010-07-11 | 2010-07-11 | Rape-sweet potato double cropping return-straw-to-field cultivating method |
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| CN2010102278117A CN101911870B (en) | 2010-07-11 | 2010-07-11 | Rape-sweet potato double cropping return-straw-to-field cultivating method |
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| CN101911870B CN101911870B (en) | 2011-11-16 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103053306A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-24 | 吴和生 | Method for planting potatoes by rape straw covering |
| CN105165740A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2015-12-23 | 青岛农业大学 | Method for raising sweet potatoes and earthworms in wheat stubble field |
| CN105453750A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-06 | 狄正兴 | Farming method for horizontal ridging and straw returning for sweet potatoes in sloping fields |
| CN105493680A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-20 | 狄正兴 | Cultivation method for covering sweet potato furrows with wheat straw |
| CN105594421A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-25 | 狄正兴 | Tillage method for covering sweet potato ridges and ditches with oilseed rape straw |
| CN105594420A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-25 | 狄正兴 | High-yield planting method for covering sweet potato field with straw |
| CN109429947A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-03-08 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of suitable Rocky Desertification Region oil-beautiful double cropping conservation tillage cultivation method |
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| CN1596590A (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2005-03-23 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Tillage cultivation method of corn |
| CN1759646A (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2006-04-19 | 刘建 | Planting tandem plowing type culturing method for returning full stalk to farmland suitable to zonal rice or wheat form |
| CN101543165A (en) * | 2009-04-18 | 2009-09-30 | 狄正兴 | Method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field |
| CN101699975A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2010-05-05 | 金坛市土壤肥料技术指导站 | Water and fertilizer applying method for planting paddy by returning total straws to field |
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2010
- 2010-07-11 CN CN2010102278117A patent/CN101911870B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2157605C1 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2000-10-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Ямбурггаздобыча" | Soil recultivation method |
| CN1596590A (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2005-03-23 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Tillage cultivation method of corn |
| CN1759646A (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2006-04-19 | 刘建 | Planting tandem plowing type culturing method for returning full stalk to farmland suitable to zonal rice or wheat form |
| CN101543165A (en) * | 2009-04-18 | 2009-09-30 | 狄正兴 | Method needing no tilling and punching for tilling rice stubble rape field |
| CN101699975A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2010-05-05 | 金坛市土壤肥料技术指导站 | Water and fertilizer applying method for planting paddy by returning total straws to field |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103053306A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-24 | 吴和生 | Method for planting potatoes by rape straw covering |
| CN105165740A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2015-12-23 | 青岛农业大学 | Method for raising sweet potatoes and earthworms in wheat stubble field |
| CN105453750A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-06 | 狄正兴 | Farming method for horizontal ridging and straw returning for sweet potatoes in sloping fields |
| CN105493680A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-20 | 狄正兴 | Cultivation method for covering sweet potato furrows with wheat straw |
| CN105594421A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-25 | 狄正兴 | Tillage method for covering sweet potato ridges and ditches with oilseed rape straw |
| CN105594420A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-25 | 狄正兴 | High-yield planting method for covering sweet potato field with straw |
| CN109429947A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-03-08 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of suitable Rocky Desertification Region oil-beautiful double cropping conservation tillage cultivation method |
| CN109429947B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2023-09-29 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所 | Oil-jade double-cropping protective cultivation method suitable for stony desertification areas |
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| CN101911870B (en) | 2011-11-16 |
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