CN101909570A - 外科手术台装置 - Google Patents

外科手术台装置 Download PDF

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CN101909570A
CN101909570A CN2008801223974A CN200880122397A CN101909570A CN 101909570 A CN101909570 A CN 101909570A CN 2008801223974 A CN2008801223974 A CN 2008801223974A CN 200880122397 A CN200880122397 A CN 200880122397A CN 101909570 A CN101909570 A CN 101909570A
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CN101909570B (zh
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迈克尔·德马里亚
史蒂夫·拉姆
马克·斯坦利
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Mizuho Orthopedic Systems Inc
Orthopedic Systems Inc
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
    • A61G13/02—Adjustable operating tables; Controls therefor
    • A61G13/08—Adjustable operating tables; Controls therefor the table being divided into different adjustable sections
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
    • A61G13/0036—Orthopaedic operating tables
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
    • A61G13/0036—Orthopaedic operating tables
    • A61G13/0054—Orthopaedic operating tables specially adapted for back or spinal surgeries
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
    • A61G13/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G13/104—Adaptations for table mobility, e.g. arrangement of wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
    • A61G13/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G13/12—Rests specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of patient-supporting surfaces
    • A61G13/1205—Rests specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of patient-supporting surfaces for specific parts of the body
    • A61G13/122—Upper body, e.g. chest
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
    • A61G13/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G13/12—Rests specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of patient-supporting surfaces
    • A61G13/1205—Rests specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of patient-supporting surfaces for specific parts of the body
    • A61G13/123—Lower body, e.g. pelvis, hip, buttocks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
    • A61G13/02—Adjustable operating tables; Controls therefor
    • A61G13/04—Adjustable operating tables; Controls therefor tiltable around transverse or longitudinal axis

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Abstract

外科手术台利用了被铰接地固定到彼此的第一和第二部件。第一和第二部件还被连接到与铰接的部分分开的支撑件。升降机在支撑件处上下地移动其中一个部件。由第一和第二部件形成的框架的因而发生的位置可呈现平坦表面，或被向上或向下定向了的“V”形的配置。

Description

外科手术台装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2007年10月22日递交的美国临时专利申请60/960933的权益。
发明背景
本发明涉及一种新颖且有用的外科手术台。
外科手术实践要求将患者支撑在外科手术台上，及通过移动来调整患者的身体，所述移动包括倾斜、提升及降低。而且，通常围绕患者身体的腰部的关节运动(articulation)在某些事例中是有必要的。过去，这样的移动是通过使用由外科手术工作人员放置在患者的下方和周围的诸如靠垫和衬垫的支撑件来实现的。
另外，专门化的马达驱动的外科手术台已经被设计，以产生支撑表面的位置的多样性，以将患者定向成躺在相同的表面上。例如，美国专利6634043描述了一种包括头部和一对足部立柱的医疗台，在用于操纵患者以实现合适的支撑的上部位置和下部位置之间，头部和足部立柱全部都是可延伸且可收缩的。
美国专利7152261描述了一种模块化的支撑系统，所述系统对于其中一对支撑件相互邻近地独立地操作以为患者提供多个支撑位置的外科手术是有用的。
允许一对部件进行关节运动以便以安全且有效的方式为外科手术安置患者的外科手术台在医疗领域中将会是一显著的进步。
发明简述
根据本发明，此处提供了一种新颖且有用的外科手术台。
本申请的外科手术包括具有近端和远端的第一部件。第二部件也被包括，且拥有近端和远端。第一和第二部件的远端被铰接地连接到彼此，以形成一框架来支撑患者，用于实施外科手术。
第一支撑件握持住第一部件的近端。第一支撑件还包括允许第一部件的近端部分相对于第一支撑件移动的升降机。第二支撑件握持住第二部件的近端，且包括枢轴，以允许当在第一支撑件中发现升降机的移动时，第一部件相对于第二部件的铰接。
还存在与第一部件有关的长度补偿机构，以提供在第一部件的近端部分相对于第一支撑件之间的距离的调整。这样的长度补偿可以采用定位在第一部件和第一支撑件的中间的具有轴颈的轴(journaled shaft)的形式。进一步地，另一个铰链可以存在于轴颈和第一支撑件之间，以提供所要求的关节运动。
一上部身体支撑件也可以被形成在由第一和第二部件所形成的框架上。这样的上部身体支撑件可包括可滑动的平台，当所述框架被铰接以在其第一和第二部件之间形成角度时，所述可滑动的平台允许患者进行柔和的移动(gentle movement)。这样的上部身体支撑件可采用通过带子或链及链轮机构进行移动的变平了的构件(flattened member)的形式。
进一步地，本发明的外科手术台可包括允许框架沿着第一和第二支撑件共有的轴倾斜的滚子驱动器(roll drive)。此外，由于患者这样的安置，所述滚子驱动器准许外科医生以一种方便且安全的方式履行医疗程序。
所述框架，还有第一和第二支撑件，可通过向一截外科手术台提供稳定性和可调性的杆来相互链接。轮也可被提供在第一和第二支撑上，以允许外科手术台轻易地从贮藏室移动到手术室及再次返回。
明显地，上文已经描述了一种新颖且有用的外科手术台。
因此，本发明的一个目标是提供一种能够为了进行外科手术程序而将患者安置在各种各样的位置中的外科手术台。
本发明的另一个目标是提供一种外科手术台，所述手术台能够为进行外科程序而安置患者，并消除患者相对于外科手术台的有摩擦的拖拽。
本发明的另一个目标是提供一种能够将患者安置在有角度的位置(angulated position)中，以便允许外科医生履行背部手术的外科手术台。
本发明的另一个目标是提供一种能够通过装有马达的机构(motorizedmechanism)，将患者安置在各种各样的外科手术位置中，由此最大化患者舒适安全度的外科手术台。
本发明的进一步的目标是提供一种准许在外科手术程序过程中，使用X射线设备的外科手术台。
本发明的另一个目标是提一种当患者正被操纵进入外科手术位置中时，消除患者上的夹点(pinch point)的外科手术台。
本发明的进一步的目标是提供一种简单、紧凑，且在为进行外科手术程序而安置患者的过程中，易于使用的外科手术台。
本发明的又一个目标是提供一种在术中脊柱屈伸的过程中，实现患者身躯的谐调的平移(harmonious translation)的外科手术台。
本发明的另一个目标是提供一种包括当患者为进行外科手术程序而被安置时，阻止患者脊柱的分心(distraction)和压缩的机构的外科手术台。
本发明的另一个目标是提供一种支撑脊柱的自然生物力学的外科手术台。
本发明的进一步的目标是提供一种改进外科手术部位的外科手术通道(surgical access)和可视化的外科手术台。
本发明的另一个目标是提供一种在腰椎截骨手术过程中，使闭合便利的外科手术台。
本发明的又一个目标是提供一种采用两部件铰接结构(two-part hingedstructure)的外科手术台，以增强俯仰及侧向程序。
本发明的进一步的目标是提供一种减少肾静脉受压并最小化硬膜外腔静脉出血的外科手术台。
本发明拥有其他目标和优点，尤其是有关于其特殊的特性和特征时，当说明继续时，这些特性和特征将会变得明显。
附图简述
图1是本发明的外科手术台的侧视图。
图2是本发明的外科手术台通过其铰链机构向上地成角度以为进行背部手术而安置患者的侧视图。
图3是本发明的手术台的铰接部分的侧视图，与图1和2中的布置相反。
图4是本发明的铰链调整机构的局部透视图。
图5是与本发明的手术台的铰接部件一起使用的、用于支撑患者的身躯或胸部的可滑动平台的俯、前、右透视图。
图6是被采用用于使本发明的身躯平台滑动的机构的部分透视图。
图7是图1的外科手术台的部分俯视图，示出了面部衬垫、胸部衬垫、臀部衬垫，及扶手和可滑动平台。
图8是本发明的外科手术台的一部分的示意侧视图，在其中，两个部件在相同的平面中。
图9是外科手术台的一部分的侧视图，示出了外科手术台通过其铰链机构而向上的关节运动，以及在这样的关节运动过程中，面部和身躯支撑件的移动。
为了本发明的更好的理解，参考下面的本发明优选方案的详细描述，所述描述应与上述图连起来被领会。
本发明优选实施方案详述
本发明的各个方面将从下面的其优选实施方案的详述演变而来，所述详述可参照先前所描述的图。
本发明作为一个整体的实施方案在图中被参考符号10示出。手术台10包括作为其两个元件的第一部件12和第二部件14。第一部件12包括近端部分16和远端部分18。同样地，第二部件14设置有近端部分20和远端部分22。图1中，铰链24可旋转地将第一部件12的远端部分18连接到第二部件14的远端部分22。第一部件12、第二部件14及铰链24形成一框架26，该框架26用于在外科手术过程中支撑患者。
再一次参考图1，可观察到，第一支撑件28握持住第一部件12的近端部分16，而第二支撑件30握持住第二部件14的近端部分20。可调整的杆构件32进一步稳定第一支撑件28和第二支撑件30之间的相互连接。多个轮34允许外科手术台10在表面36上滚动。这样的移动能力对于外科手术台12的储藏和使用是有必要的。当然，当外科手术台被用于医疗程序时，轮34可被锁到位。
转向图2，可看出，第一部件12已经相对于第二部件14旋转，指示箭头38。图1用虚线描绘了远端18和22的上下移动。在这个操作过程中，铰链24绕轴40旋转，且第二部件14的近端部分绕枢轴42旋转。另外，升降机44降低第一部件12的近端部分16。呈带轴颈的轴的形式的调整器46决定第一部件12的近端部分16和支撑件28之间的距离。进一步，枢轴48允许调整器46的一部分相对于升降机44的旋转。升降机44可以是已知的配置，类似于在California的Union City的Mizuho Orthopedic SystemInc所发布的Jackson外科手术台中存在的一个配置。
关于图7，明显的，外科手术台10包括许多患者支撑件。例如，扶手50和52延伸到第二部件14，以用于由其进行支撑。面部支撑件54和胸部支撑件56位于平台58之上，所述平台58沿着框架26的第二部件14滑动，其细节在下文中将会被讨论。臀部支撑件60安置在第一部件12的顶上。框架26顶上的其他衬垫为了清楚起见未被示出。
关于图3，明显地，手术台10的铰接结构24与在图1和2上被示出的部件12和14一起被示出。铰链24与控制杆62一起被采用，控制杆62被枢轴地连接到第一部件12的突出部(tab)64和第二部件14的突出部66。当第一部件12和第二部件14向下地铰接时，形成一向上的V形，控制杆的连接点68沿着弧形70移动到点68A。同时，在控制杆的末端上，突出部64处的连接点72移动到点72A。同样地，当部件12和14向上地铰接以形成倒V形时，连接点68沿着弧形70移动到一被确定为68B的位置，而位置点72相对于部件12移动到被示为72B的点。最为重要的是，点68和72之间、68A和78A之间以及68B和72B之间的距离保持相同，被确定为图3中的距离“A”。
现在参考图4，可被观察到，以断开的构型展示了用于移动部件12和14的驱动机构74。实质上，丝杠76经由联接杆78，按照指示箭头80，而被旋转。马达82提供用于联接杆和丝杠76的顺时针或逆时针方向的移动的激励力。如图4所描绘的，丝杠76已经被转动，以向上地将框架26移动进入被倒置的V形位置中。
现在转向图5和6，明显地，描绘了胸部或身躯滑动平台58。平台58包括中央部分84及向上延伸的臂86和88。当平台58被放置在框架26顶部时，中央开口90位于患者面部的下面，如图7所示的。板92协助将平台58安装到框架26。锁定夹具94将平台58稳定在框架26的顶部。
图6描绘了滑动机构96，所述滑动机构96移动平台58，与在此前所描述的部件14和12的铰接相称。连接到控制杆62的板98与联接件102一起捕获(capture)定时带100。由此，控制杆连接点72的移动，指示箭头104，按照指示箭头106来移动带100。不必说，驱动板108也按照指示箭头106移动，且在臂88处，经由驱动销89连接到滑动平台58。换句话说，控制杆62的连接点72在一个方向上的移动引起滑动平台58在对立的方向上的移动。
参考图7-9，在手术中，平台58被放置在框架26上面，且当部件12和14绕铰链24且在轴40周围移动时，被允许在其上滑动。除此之外，通常由软泡沫材料构成的面部支撑件54被放置在滑动平台58上，在开口90胸部支撑件56的上面。臀部支撑件60也如图7所示地被放置。除此之外，其他衬垫可位于框架26的顶部，所述衬垫未被描绘以便展现手术台10的机械机构。参考图8，可被观察到，患者110已经被放置在手术台10上，处于俯卧的位置之中。头部112位于面部支撑件54顶部，而患者身体114的余下部分向框架26的第一部件12延伸。如图8所示出的，患者一般是在水平位置。部件14相对于部件12的铰接或移动，图9，引起在倒置的V形形成中，框架26的向上的移动，这允许患者110为进行手术程序而被恰当地安置，比如进行背部手术及类似的。也应注意，滑动平台58和面部支撑件54按照指示箭头116，已经向铰链轴40移动，以阻止患者110相对于手术台10的有摩擦的拖拽。也应意识到，患者110可被侧面地放置在手术台10上，处于仰卧及类似的位置之中。当然，手术台10绕轴40的铰接将依照发生在患者110上的外科手术程序而与患者110这样的变化和位置一起来完成。就是说，框架26的第一和第二部件的远端部分18和22可从如图2中所要求的指示箭头18的水平位置提升或降低。
尽管在上文中，为了完全公开本发明的目的，已经详尽地解释了本发明的实施方式，但对本技术领域中的专业技术人员，明显地，在不脱离本发明的精神和原理的情况下，可在这样的细节上做许多改变。

Claims (13)

1.一种外科手术台装置，包含：
a.第一部件，所述第一部件包括近端和远端；
b.第二部件，所述第二部件包括近端和远端；
c.铰链，所述铰链可旋转地连接所述第一部件和所述第二部件的所述远端部分，所述第一部件和所述第二部件形成框架；
d.第一支撑件，所述第一支撑件握持住所述第一部件的所述近端；
e.第二支撑件，所述第二支撑件握持住所述第二部件的所述近端；
f.升降机，所述升降机相对于所述第一支撑件移动所述第一部件的所述近端部分，而所述第二部件的所述近端部分正被所述第二支撑件握持住。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其还包括调整器，所述调整器决定所述框架的所述第一部件和所述第一支撑件之间的距离。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述调整器还包括在所述框架的所述第一部件和所述第一支撑件之间的一个枢轴。
4.如权利要求3所述的装置，其还包括在所述框架的所述第二部件和所述第二支撑件之间的另一个枢轴。
5.如权利要求1所述的装置，其还包括在所述第一部件和所述第二部件之间用于旋转所述铰链的丝杠机构。
6.如权利要求5所述的装置，其还包括调整器，所述调整器决定所述框架的所述第一部件和所述第一支撑件之间的距离。
7.如权利要求6所述的装置，其中，所述调整器还包括在所述框架的所述第一部件和所述第一支撑件之间的一个枢轴。
8.如权利要求7所述的装置，其还包括在所述框架的所述第二部件和所述第二支撑件之间的另一个枢轴。
9.如权利要求1所述的装置，其还包括相对于所述框架滑动地安置的胸部平台。
10.如权利要求9所述的装置，其还包括调整器，所述调整器决定所述框架的所述第一部件和所述第一支撑件之间的距离。
11.如权利要求10所述的装置，其中，所述调整器还包括在所述框架的所述第一部件和所述第一支撑件之间的一个枢轴。
12.如权利要求3所述的装置，其还包括在所述框架的所述第二部件和所述第二支撑件之间的另一个枢轴。
13.如权利要求9所述的装置，其还包括被联接到所述胸部平台的控制杆，以实现所述胸部平台的滑动与所述第一部件和所述第二部件的所述远端部分的所述铰链旋转。
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