CN101861327B - 一种抗炎化合物的无定形形式 - Google Patents
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- CN101861327B CN101861327B CN2008801131050A CN200880113105A CN101861327B CN 101861327 B CN101861327 B CN 101861327B CN 2008801131050 A CN2008801131050 A CN 2008801131050A CN 200880113105 A CN200880113105 A CN 200880113105A CN 101861327 B CN101861327 B CN 101861327B
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Abstract
本发明涉及抗炎化合物这一技术领域,特别是类固醇类的化合物,尤其是涉及皮质类固醇硝基氧基衍生物的一种新的无定形形式,其药物制剂以及其在治疗或预防皮肤或粘膜的疾病或症状中的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抗炎化合物这一技术领域,特别是类固醇类的化合物,尤其是涉及皮质类固醇硝基氧基衍生物的一种新的无定形形式,其药物制剂以及其在治疗或预防皮肤或粘膜的疾病或症状中的应用。
背景技术
大多数皮肤或粘膜的疾病或病症是由致炎因子引起的肿胀导致的,致炎因子如但不局限于恶性细菌、真菌、病毒、寄生虫、自身免疫、过敏、激素和/或致炎因子。最常见的皮肤或粘膜的疾病或病症包括但不局限于皮肤结痂、特应性皮炎、接触性皮炎、脂溢性皮炎、皮肤病、湿疹、大疱性表皮松解症,红斑,糜烂,皮肤脱落,渗出,炎症,扁平苔癣,红苔藓,丘疹形成,瘙痒,尿布疹,股癣,牛皮癣和疣。皮炎和湿疹的发生是皮肤的上真皮和表皮的炎症反应的结果。当湿疹出现时,表皮中的角化细胞扩张,液体在其中积聚,此过程称为皮肤海绵层水肿。在慢性湿疹或皮炎中,主要变化包括表皮膨胀,其导致皮肤表面瘙痒、粗糙化和脱皮。水分从皮肤中流失导致角质层肿胀,其会转化为皮肤破裂和疼痛。此外,皮炎可分为接触性皮炎(过敏的或非过敏的)、特发性皮炎和脂溢性皮炎。非过敏性接触性皮炎的发生是对皮肤刺激物如酸、碱、油、清洁剂和溶剂的响应。
特应性皮炎是一种复发性和/或慢性的皮肤肿胀,其免疫学起源是由多种共同抗原引发的。特应性皮炎的特征是会出现严重的搔痒和湿疹,经常还有红斑。它主要在童年时期出现,出现的部位通常是面部、颈部、上部躯干、手腕、手和皮肤褶。在世界范围内,特应性皮炎普遍出现在儿童身上,在有的国家可以达到30%,而较少出现在成年人中。该疾病严重影响病人的生活质量以及他们的家庭环境。
过敏性接触性皮炎是对重复暴露于抗原过敏而出现的。过敏性接触性皮炎出现在直接接触抗原的皮肤区域。
脂溢性皮炎侵袭头皮和其它有毛发的区域、面部、皮肤褶区域并由酵母或细菌诱发的肿胀导致。大多数人有头皮屑,这是一种轻的脂溢性皮炎。牛皮癣是显性常染色体炎症性疾病,其特征为角化细胞的繁殖,其繁殖导致在例如膝盖、肘和臀部上形成鳞状块。这在美观上不雅并使得患者不舒服。
皮肤疾病通常采用含类固醇试剂和/或抗菌剂和/或抗真菌剂的乳膏、凝胶或软膏治疗。
外用皮质类固醇是治疗皮肤病的有力手段。然而,临床实践中超有效外用类固醇的使用通常限于仅两周,这是因为它们通常会带来不良副作用如皮肤萎缩、灼热、瘙痒、刺激、干燥、毛囊炎、多毛症、痤疮、色素沉着不足、口周皮炎、过敏性接触性皮炎、皮肤浸渍和继发感染。
与全身给药相比,尽管皮质类固醇的外部给药使副作用最小化,但活性成分仍会进入血流中,而变成全身有效。皮质类固醇的全身吸收能导致可逆的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴抑制、库欣综合症状症状、高血糖、对儿童骨骼生长和老年人骨质密度的影响、眼部并发症(形成白内障和青光眼)和皮肤萎缩。此外,使用外用皮质类固醇还可导致快速耐药。
尽管现代糖皮质激素比最初引入的那些安全很多,但制备具有更高的临床功效和更低的副作用的新的分子和制剂的研究仍然在进行。已经开发了几种产品以提高外用剂的功效和/或效率,尽管这些产品只具备有限的成功。人们开发出许多外用制剂,例如乳膏、洗液、凝胶等,试图提高有效成分的释放效率。然而,尽管能将皮肤病药直接地涂敷到皮肤表面,这些外用制剂没有提供完全的解决方法,因为通常即使采用最佳制剂也仅有部分改进结果,并且仍经常存在难治性皮损,治疗时间也没有明显缩短。
美国专利4335121公开了6α,9α-二氟-17α-(1-氧代丙氧基)-11β-羟基-16α-甲基-3-氧代-雄甾-1,4-二烯-17-O-硫代羧酸的S-氟甲酯(通常称为氟替卡松丙酸酯)及其衍生物。这些化合物具有良好的抗炎活性,特别在外用涂敷时。
专利文献EP 929565描述了皮质类固醇的硝基氧基酯,其可用于治疗皮肤病病症;该专利具体地公开了皮质类固醇的硝基氧基酯,其中所述硝基氧基通过烷基链共阶连接到糖皮质激素部分。该文献报道:这些类固醇化合物的硝基衍生物与它们的母体化合物相比,在全身给药后,显示出更高的功效和更好的全身耐受性,如更好的胃耐受性和降低的心血管副作用。
专利申请WO 03064443公开了皮质类固醇的硝基氧基衍生物,其中所述硝基氧基通过连接体WOR共价连接到糖皮质激素部分,所述连接体具有一个芳环或杂芳环。该文献报道:这些类固醇的硝基氧基衍生物与它们的母体化合物相比,显示出更高的药理活性和更少的副作用。
专利申请WO 0061604公开了皮质类固醇的硝基氧基衍生物,其中所述硝基氧基通过“抗氧化剂部分”共价连接到糖皮质激素部分,根据该专利申请中描述的测试,所述“抗氧化剂部分”是能防止产生自由基的化合物的片段。该文献报道:这些化合物可用于治疗氧化应激状态有关的病理,而相应的母体化合物在这种情况下显示较低活性或较高每性。
上述文献没有公开外用给药后皮质类固醇硝基氧基衍生物的活性,且没有具体地提供化合物外用耐受性信息。
专利申请WO 9734871公开了亚硝化或亚硝基化类固醇及其用于治疗呼吸系统疾病的用途,具体地讲,描述了9-氟-11β-羟基-16α,17α-[(1-甲基亚乙基)双氧]孕甾-1,4-二烯-3,20-二酮-21(4-硝基氧基)-丁酸酯在过敏性哮喘和肺炎的肺部模型中的活性。该专利申请没有提到这些化合物在治疗皮肤病症中的用途。
HyunE.等,British Journal of Pharmacology(英国药理学期刊)(2004)143,618-625涉及氢化可的松21-[4’-(硝基氧基甲基)苯甲酸酯]在急性皮炎模型中的活性的研究,该研究中评估了水肿形成和白细胞补充,结果证明该化合物比其前体氢化可的松具有更高抗炎活性。该文献没有报道任何有关该化合物在长期治疗后对皮肤的作用的信息。此外,Hyun E.等描述的实验模型并不能预见其同样适用于其它皮肤病症。
专利申请WO 2007025632公开了类固醇化合物的硝基氧基衍生物,含有它们的外用药物制剂以及它们在治疗皮肤或粘膜疾病中的应用,这些类固醇化合物的硝基氧基衍生物显示出更高的药理活性和更好的外用耐受性。其中特别提到的一个化合物是(11β,16α)-9-氟-11-羟基-16,17-[(1-甲基亚乙基)双氧]-21-[4-[(硝基氧基)甲基]苯甲酰]氧基]-孕甾-1,4-二烯-3,20-二酮。
附图说明
附图1和2分别表示化合物(I)的无定形形式和晶体形式的X-射线粉末衍射谱图。Y轴代表强度,单位为cps。X轴表示代表2θ角。
附图3和4分别表示化合物(I)的无定形形式和晶体形式的傅立叶变换拉曼光谱图。Y轴表示代表强度。X轴表示波数,单位为cm-1。
附图5和6分别表示化合物(I)的无定形形式和晶体形式的差示扫描量热图。Y轴表示热流量,单位为mW。X轴表示温度,单位为℃。
发明详述
本发明涉及一种抗炎性的类固醇化合物的无定形形式,该化合物的化学式是(11β,16α)-9-氟-11-羟基-16,17-[(1-甲基亚乙基)双氧]-21-[4-[(硝基氧基)甲基]苯甲酰]氧基]-孕甾-1,4-二烯-3,20-二酮,同时还涉及它的制备方法,其作为治疗活性物质的用途以及包含该新形式的药物组合物。在本申请中术语“化合物(I)”代表(11β,16α)-9-氟-11-羟基-16,17-[(1-甲基亚乙基)双氧基]-21-[4-[(硝基氧基)甲基]苯甲酰]氧基]-孕甾-1,4-二烯-3,20-二酮。
专利申请WO 2007025632公开了化合物(I)及其制备方法。其结构式是:
化合物(I)具有重要的局部抗炎活性。它在临床治疗或预防皮肤或粘膜的多种疾病或病症中是有用的,例如皮肤结痂、特应性皮炎、接触性皮炎、脂溢性皮炎、皮肤病、湿疹、大疱性表皮松解症,红斑,糜烂,皮肤脱落,渗出,炎症,扁平苔癣,红苔藓,丘疹形成,瘙痒,尿布疹,股癣,牛皮癣和疣。它通常是以乳膏、洗液、软膏、喷雾剂或类似的形式应用的。
由于化合物(I)的剂型通常是液体或半液体的形式,而该化合物在以前的申请中是以晶体的形式得到的,这在制备所述制剂的过程中难于处理,这就需要得到化合物(I)的更易于处理的形式。因此,在利用阿加莎研磨机研磨化合物(I)的晶体的过程中,偶然发现部分晶体转化成一种无定形的物质。该无定形的物质特别适于制备液体或半液体形式的制剂,并且提供了在制备液体或半液体制剂时运用晶体形式的化合物(I)所出现的问题的解决方案。
本发明的一个主要的实施方案中涉及无定形形式的化合物(I)。
传统的制备无定形物质的方法包括将相应的晶体物质熔化和将熔化的物质快速冷却。然而,这样的方法一般仅限于试验室规模的,对于工业规模的制备是不现实和不适用的。类似地,前面所述的通过阿加莎研磨机研磨不能定量地得到无定形形式,同样也不适用于工业化生产。
因此,在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供了一种制备化合物(I)的无定形形式的方法,包括:
(i)将化合物(I)溶于二氧六环;
(ii)将所得溶液过滤;和
(iii)在-5至5℃温度下冷冻干燥,收集得到的无定形形式的化合物(I)。
在本发明的一个优选的实施方案中,步骤(iii)中的无定形形式的化合物(I)是在-2至2℃温度下冷冻干燥得到的。
在本发明的一个优选的实施方案中,步骤(iii)中的无定形形式的化合物(I)是在0℃温度下冷冻干燥得到的。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,无定形的化合物(I)用于制备局部用药物。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,无定形的化合物(I)用于制备乳膏、洗液、软膏、喷雾剂和类似形式的药物。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种包括无定形的化合物(I)的药物制剂,其可用于治疗或预防皮肤或粘膜的多种疾病或病症,包括皮肤结痂、特应性皮炎、接触性皮炎、脂溢性皮炎、皮肤病、湿疹、大疱性表皮松解症,红斑,糜烂,皮肤脱落,渗出,炎症,扁平苔癣,红苔藓,丘疹形成,瘙痒,尿布疹,股癣,牛皮癣和疣。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明涉及无定形的化合物(I)在制备乳膏、洗液、软膏、喷雾剂和类似形式的局部用药物中的应用,所述药物可用于治疗或预防皮肤或粘膜的多种疾病或病症,包括皮肤结痂、特应性皮炎、接触性皮炎、脂溢性皮炎、皮肤病、湿疹、大疱性表皮松解症,红斑,糜烂,皮肤脱落,渗出,炎症,扁平苔癣,红苔藓,丘疹形成,瘙痒,尿布疹,股癣,牛皮癣和疣。
优选的药剂形式包括乳膏、洗液、软膏和喷雾剂。所述药剂形式可通过本领域公知的方法制备。
本发明中局部制剂中化合物(I)的比例取决于所制备的具体剂型,通常占0.001至12重量%。然而,对于大多数剂型,最有利的比例通常在0.001至1%,更优选0.01至0.5%和特别约0.025至0.1%。在不同的剂型中均可含有药学上可接受的非活性成分。所述成分是:一种或多种溶剂例如几种醇包括但不仅限于乙醇、丙二醇、三醋酸甘油酯、己烯二醇及它们的组合;合适的可用于外用制剂的合适的闭塞剂包括但不仅限于凡士林,微晶蜡,二甲基硅氧烷,蜂蜡,矿物油,角鲨烷,液体石蜡,牛油树脂,巴西棕榈蜡、SEPIGEL(一种异构烷烃,聚丙烯酰胺和月桂醇7OE的混合物)以及它们的组合;表面活性剂例如但不仅限于CETPMACROGOL 1000,(Crodor,Inc.)、硬脂酸甘油酯,硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯、硬脂酸甘油酯和硬脂酸酯PEG100(如ARLACEL 165)的混合物、聚山梨醇酯40、聚山梨醇酯60、聚山梨醇酯80、CETETH-20、单棕榈酸失水山梨醇酯、单硬脂酸失水山梨醇酯、单油酸失水山梨醇酯及它们的组合。其它各种非活性成分也可存在于外用剂型中。它们可为载体(如水或矿物油)、皮肤调理剂(如羊毛脂、甘油、胆固醇、十八醇十六醇混合物、聚二甲基硅氧烷、PEG 100、PEG 200、PEG 300、PEG 400或肉豆蔻酸异丙酯)、缓冲剂(如柠檬酸盐/柠檬酸、磷酸氢二钠/柠檬酸或磷酸二氢钠/柠檬酸)或防腐剂(如咪脲、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯或对羟基苯甲酸丙酯)。
本发明实施方案
本发明将通过下面的实施例作进一步的阐明,其不是对本发明范围的限制。
实施例1:制备(11β,16α)-9-氟-11-羟基-16,17-[(1-甲基亚乙基)双氧]-21-[4-[(硝基氧基)甲基]苯甲酰]氧基]-孕甾-1,4-二烯-3,20-二酮的无定形形式。
在25毫升的烧瓶中将160mg化合物(11β,16α)-9-氟-11-羟基-16,17-[(1-甲基亚乙基)双氧]-21-[4-[(硝基氧基)甲基]苯甲酰]氧基]-孕甾-1,4-二烯-3,20-二酮溶于10毫升二氧六环中。将得到的溶液过滤,在0℃下冷冻干燥回收原料,并在相同温度下冷冻保存。
无定形形式的特征
化合物(I)的无定形形式通过下面的步骤进行表征。
仪器和实验条件
X-射线粉未衍射仪:布鲁克D8 Advance。辐射Cu Kα(λ=1.5418埃);管功率35kV/45mA;Vantec1探测器;间隔大小2θ0.017°,105±5秒每间隔,扫描间隔2θ2°-50°。样品载片使用直径为12nm的单石英玻璃。FT-拉曼光谱仪:布鲁克RFS100。Nd:YAG在1064纳米激发,激光功率100mW,锗探测器,64次扫描,间隔50-3500cm-1,分辨率2cm-1。采用铝质样品载片。差示扫描量热仪:Perkin Elmer DSC 7。使用金质坩锅。
无定形形式的特征
无定形的化合物(I)的X-射线粉末衍射图案呈宽晕形状,其仅略高于基线,表明是一种无定形的物质(附图1)。而另一方面,晶体形式则在2θ角8.0°,14.9°,15.2°和16.9°处显示出尖锐的峰(附图2)。
无定形的化合物(I)的拉曼光谱显示出明显的峰变宽的特征(附图3)。峰的位置与晶体形式的是相同的,但是部分精细结构消失了。晶体形式的最强峰是来自于C=O键和C=C键的振动,其频率在1740cm-1,1657cm-1,1616cm-1和1604cm-1;在C-H区有大量可良好分辨的峰。
无定形的化合物(I)的差示扫描量热谱图显示出在接近40℃处的不明显的玻璃化转变态,其ΔCp=0.23J/(g K)。该玻璃化转变态伴随着重结晶的,在71℃处具有放热峰,重结晶的焓为150J/g(附图5)。而另一方面,晶体形式的物质则没有显示任何变化直至其开始分解,约在200℃(附图6)。
Claims (11)
2.一种制备如权利要求1所述的无定形形式的方法,包括:
(i)将化合物(I)溶于二氧六环;
(ii)将所得溶液过滤;和
(iii)在-5至5℃温度下冷冻干燥,收集得到的无定形形式的化合物(I)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中步骤(iii)中的无定形形式的化合物
(I)是在-2至2℃温度下进行冷冻干燥的。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中步骤(iii)中的无定形形式的化合物(I)是在0℃温度下进行冷冻干燥的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的无定形形式在制备用于治疗或预防皮肤或粘膜的疾病或病症的药物制剂中的应用。
6.权利要求5所述的应用,用于制备用于治疗皮肤结痂、特应性皮炎、接触性皮炎、脂溢性皮炎、湿疹、大疱性表皮松解症,红斑,糜烂,皮肤脱落,渗出,扁平苔癣,红苔藓,丘疹形成,瘙痒,尿布疹,股癣,牛皮癣或疣的药物制剂。
7.权利要求5所述的应用,用于制备用于治疗皮肤病的药物制剂。
8.权利要求5所述的应用,用于制备用于治疗炎症的药物制剂。
9.权利要求5至8任一项所述的应用,其中所述的制剂是乳膏、洗液、软膏和喷雾剂剂型。
10.一种药物制剂,其包括如权利要求1所述的无定形形式以及一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂。
11.权利要求10所述的制剂,其剂型为乳膏、洗液、软膏和喷雾剂。
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ES200702796A ES2324007A1 (es) | 2007-10-25 | 2007-10-25 | Una forma amorfa de un compuesto antiinflamatorio. |
ESP200702796 | 2007-10-25 | ||
PCT/EP2008/064387 WO2009053439A2 (en) | 2007-10-25 | 2008-10-23 | An amorphous form of an anti-inflammatory compound |
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ES2359708B1 (es) * | 2009-11-16 | 2012-03-30 | Ferrer Internacional S.A. | Procedimiento de preparación de la (11beta,16alfa)-9-fluoro-11-hidroxi-16,17-[1-metil-etilidenebis(oxi)]-21-[1-oxo-[4-(nitrooximetil)benzoxi]]preña-1,4-dien-3,20-diona. |
RU2629601C1 (ru) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-08-30 | Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования "Казанская государственная медицинская академия" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации | Способ лечения больных красным плоским лишаем |
RU2709534C1 (ru) * | 2018-07-12 | 2019-12-18 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования "Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России) | Способ лечения хронических дерматозов |
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US8313504B2 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2012-11-20 | Cordis Corporation | Foam matrix embolization device |
ITMI20020148A1 (it) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-07-29 | Nicox Sa | Nuovi corticosteroidi |
EP1336602A1 (en) * | 2002-02-13 | 2003-08-20 | Giovanni Scaramuzzino | Nitrate prodrugs able to release nitric oxide in a controlled and selective way and their use for prevention and treatment of inflammatory, ischemic and proliferative diseases |
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ES2364953T3 (es) | 2011-09-19 |
DE602008006244D1 (de) | 2011-05-26 |
CY1112540T1 (el) | 2015-12-09 |
US20100261691A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
DK2205620T3 (da) | 2011-07-25 |
AU2008316471A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
CN101861327A (zh) | 2010-10-13 |
RU2010120844A (ru) | 2011-11-27 |
MX2010004423A (es) | 2010-09-10 |
JP2011500762A (ja) | 2011-01-06 |
PT2205620E (pt) | 2011-07-12 |
EP2205620A2 (en) | 2010-07-14 |
ATE505477T1 (de) | 2011-04-15 |
CA2703441A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
BRPI0818822A2 (pt) | 2015-04-22 |
WO2009053439A2 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
ES2324007A1 (es) | 2009-07-28 |
PL2205620T3 (pl) | 2011-10-31 |
KR20100091159A (ko) | 2010-08-18 |
WO2009053439A3 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
EP2205620B1 (en) | 2011-04-13 |
SI2205620T1 (sl) | 2011-08-31 |
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