CN101815511A - 抗菌儿茶酚类及其相关方法 - Google Patents
抗菌儿茶酚类及其相关方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101815511A CN101815511A CN200880110002A CN200880110002A CN101815511A CN 101815511 A CN101815511 A CN 101815511A CN 200880110002 A CN200880110002 A CN 200880110002A CN 200880110002 A CN200880110002 A CN 200880110002A CN 101815511 A CN101815511 A CN 101815511A
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Abstract
本发明包括一种化合物或一种包含由结构OHRR2R(I)所示的式(I)化合物的口腔护理组合物,其中R3选自氢原子和Hm(H)所示的结构,其中m是0-100的整数,R独立地选自具有1-50个碳原子的第一烃结构,R1和R2独立地选自氢原子和具有1-10个碳原子的第二烃结构。本发明还披露了相关的方法。
Description
背景技术
在个人护理行业,尤其是口腔护理中,有效和安全的抗菌药是很重要的。许多疾病状况与口腔内的细菌活性有关。牙菌斑、牙龈炎、牙周炎和牙垢是一些在口腔中与细菌有关的已知症状。
为了预防或治疗这些疾病状况,在口腔护理组合物中常常加入抗菌药。经常这些抗菌药被列为缺乏活性,例如不能提供有力地减少细菌或细菌次产物,包括挥发性硫化物(“VSC”)。在某些情况下,由于低溶解度和因此形成的低生物利用度、阳离子电荷(限制了在口腔制剂中的使用)和缺少安全性等因素,其它的有效药物不能被制成制剂。
发明概述
本发明包括一种化合物或一种口腔护理组合物,包含式(I)所示的化合物:
其中,R3选自氢原子和式(II)所示的结构:
其中,m是0-100的整数,R独立地选自具有1-50个碳原子的第一烃结构,并且R1和R2独立地选自氢原子和具有1-10个碳原子的第二烃结构。
还包括使用式(I)化合物的方法,包括使基质与式(I)化合物接触来减少基质中细菌群落的方法。
还有,本发明包括用包含式(I)化合物的组合物接触哺乳动物口腔表面来维持和/或促进哺乳动物全身健康的方法,包含使哺乳动物的口腔表面和包含式(1)化合物的组合物接触。
发明详述
贯穿本文所用,范围被用作描述该范围内的各自和所有值的简写。该范围内任何的值可以被选用作最终的范围。
本发明包括所示结构的式(I)化合物:
其中,R3是式(II)所示的结构:
其中,结构中的符号“m”表示0-100的整数,1-20的整数,1-15的整数,或1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10的整数。R可以独立地表示本领域公知或待发展的任意的烃结构。R的烃结构可以优选具有1-50个碳原子、1-20个碳原子,或1-10个碳原子。另外,如果需要,R可以是烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基和/或烷烃基(alkane group)。
式(I)化合物中的R1和R2独立地表示氢原子或具有1-10个碳原子的第二烃结构。R1和R2在式(I)化合物的各单体中可以相同或不同。R1和R2可以独立地选自烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基和/或烷烃基。
任意R、R1、R2和R3的烃结构都可以独立地是环结构、链结构、线性结构、分支结构或它们的组合。R、R1、R2和R3和/或整个化合物(I)的烃结构中的任意碳原子都可以独立地被或者不被本领域公知的官能团所取代。优选的官能团是甲基、乙基、丁基、羟基、烷基和卤素。
本发明包括式(III)所示的化合物:
其中,R1和R2可以独立地选自氢原子、烯基和烷基,或者其为式(IV)所示的化合物。
上述化合物可以通过合适途径或合成工艺合成得到,或从自然资源中分离或纯化得到。例如,本发明化合物的制备可以通过母体儿茶酚的简单Friedel-Crafts型酰化反应,随后还原生成目标终产物。
本发明包括一种口腔护理组合物,该组合物包含至少一种上述结构式所示的化合物和一种合适的载体。这种载体可以包括口腔组合物中除了活性成分以外的所有组分,例如非活性成分、赋形剂。这些载体可以是或包括水、甘油、盐、聚乙二醇、热解法二氧化硅、聚合物、海洋胶体、胶体丙烯酸酯聚合物、纤维素聚合物、淀粉、明胶、油、表面活性剂、暴露在口腔环境后溶解的材料、织物基质、纤维和其它赋形剂。载体的形式可以是凝胶、液体、膏、小珠、锭剂、口香糖、可咀嚼糖果(“chewie),泡沫、喷雾剂(雾化的或非雾化的)和固体。
本发明的化合物(I)在口腔护理组合物中可以是任意量。所希望的是,以口腔护理组合物的总重量为基础,所包含的化合物(I)可以占总重量的约0.001wt.%至约10wt.%,例如0.01wt.%至约5wt.%,或者约0.1wt.%至约2wt.%。这有效量可以根据口腔组合物的形式而改变。例如,在牙膏、牙凝胶、口腔清洗剂、锭剂和牙粉中,有效量可以为至少约0.01wt.%或至少约0.05wt.%。
如果需要,本发明的化合物或口腔组合物可以被涂在口腔护理器具的上面和/或充满在口腔护理器具里面,口腔护理器具如纤维或丝线、毛、舌头和/或软组织清洗元件、护牙托、和/或正畸或假体性植入物或元件。
除了抗菌化合物以外,许多活性成分和功能性材料可以加入到口腔护理组合物中。这些材料包括但不限于磨料、保湿剂、表面活性剂、抗牙垢剂、增稠剂、粘度改进剂、防龋剂、芳香剂、着色剂、其它抗菌药、抗氧化剂、抗炎组分等等。这些材料可以根据已知方法加入到膏、清洗剂、胶、锭剂、条和其它口腔护理组合物形式。
[18]根据一些实施方案,口腔护理组合物的载体是固体或膏状,该口腔组合物包括一种牙科上可接受的磨料材料,它可以磨光牙釉质,或提供美白效果。非限制例包括二氧化硅磨料,如硅胶和沉淀二氧化硅。商业化的实施方案包括115(由J.M.Huber,Edison,N.J.,United States of America销售)和XWA,783或650XWA(DavisonChemical Division of W.R.Grace & Co.,New York,N.Y.,United States of America)。其它合适的牙膏磨料包括但不限于偏磷酸钠、聚偏磷酸钾、磷酸三钙、二水磷酸二钙、硅酸铝、锻烧氧化铝、膨润土或其它硅质材料、或它们的组合。
根据一些实施方案,口腔护理组合物包括至少一种保湿剂,对例如预防牙膏暴露在空气中时变硬有好处。任何口腔可接受的保湿剂都可以使用,包括但不限于多元醇,如甘油、山梨醇、木糖醇和低分子量的PEGs。在一些实施方案中,存在一种或多种保湿剂,其占总重量的约1wt.%至约70wt.%,例如约1wt.%至约50wt.%,约2wt.%至约25wt.%,或约5wt.%至约15wt.%。
口腔护理组合物还可以包括至少一种表面活性剂。在一些实施方案中,表面活性剂可以增加稳定性,借助其去污力来帮助清洗牙齿表面,并在搅拌时产生泡沫,例如在使用本发明的牙膏组合物刷牙的过程中。任何口腔可接受的表面活性剂都可以被使用,大多数为阴离子型、非离子型或两性型。合适的阴离子型表面活性剂包括但不限于C8-20烷基硫酸水溶性盐、C8-20脂肪酸的磺酸化甘油单酯、肌氨酸盐、牛磺酸盐等等。这些和其它分类的说明例包括十二烷基硫酸钠、椰子单甘油酯磺酸钠、十二烷基肌氨酸钠、十二烷基羟乙基磺酸钠、聚乙二醇单十二醚羧酸钠和十二烷基苯磺酸钠。合适的非离子型表面活性剂包括但不限于泊洛沙姆、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、氧化叔胺、氧化三膦、二烷亚砜等等。合适的两性表面活性剂包括但不限于C8-20脂肪族仲胺和叔胺的衍生物,其有阴离子基团,如羧酸盐、硫酸盐、磺酸盐、磷酸盐或膦酸盐。合适的例子是可可酰胺丙基甜菜碱(cocoamidopropylbetaine)。在一些实施方案中,一种或多种表面活性剂占总重量的约0.01wt.%至约10wt.%,例如约0.05wt.%至约5wt.%,或者约0.1wt.%至约2wt.%。
在另一个实施方案中,组合物包括一种口腔可接受的抗牙垢剂。一种或多种这类制剂应用于各种实施方案中。合适的抗牙垢剂可以包括但不限于磷酸盐类和多磷酸盐类(如焦磷酸盐类),聚胺基丙烷磺酸(AMPS),三水枸橼酸锌,如聚天门冬氨酸和聚谷氨酸的多肽类,聚烯烃磺酸盐,聚烯烃磷酸盐,二膦酸盐类:比如氮杂环烷-2,2-二膦酸盐类(如氮杂环烷-2,2-二膦酸)、N-甲基氮杂环戊烷-2,3-二膦酸、乙烷-1-羟基-1,1-二膦酸(EHDP)和乙烷-1-氨基-1,1-二膦酸、磷酰烷羧酸(phosphonoalkane carboxylic acids)和它们的盐,如碱金属盐和铵盐。合适的无机磷酸盐和多聚磷酸盐可以包括,例如一价的、二价的和三价的磷酸钠,三聚磷酸钠(STPP),四聚磷酸盐,焦磷酸一钠、焦磷酸二钠、焦磷酸三钠和焦磷酸四钠,焦磷酸二氢二钠,三偏磷酸钠,六偏磷酸钠等等,其中在一些实施方案中钠可以任意地被钾或铵替换。
本发明口腔护理组合物可以包括聚羧酸盐聚合物。聚羧酸盐聚合物包括单体的聚合物或共聚物,其中单体中含有羧酸基团:如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸和马来酸或酸酐。非限制例可以包括聚乙烯甲基醚/马来酸酐(PVME/MA)共聚物,如那些在品牌(来自ISP,Wayne,N.J.,United States of America)下可以购买得到的。还有其它有用的抗牙垢剂包括多价螯合剂,包括羟基羧酸(hydroxycarbaxylic acids),如柠檬酸、富马酸、苹果酸、戊二酸和草酸及其盐,和氨基聚羧酸(aminopolycarboxylic acids),如乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)。
在一些实施方案中,本发明的组合物包含至少一种增稠剂。在一些实施方案中,增稠剂可以在口腔护理组合物中提供所需的稠度和/或口感。任何口腔可接受的增稠剂都可以应用,包括但不限于卡波姆(别名羧基乙烯聚合物),卡拉胶,纤维素聚合物:如羟乙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)及其盐,如CMC-钠,天然树胶:如卡拉牙胶、黄原胶、阿拉伯胶和西黄蓍胶,胶体硅酸镁铝,胶体硅等等。在一些实施方案中,一种或多种增稠剂占总重量的约0.01wt.%至约15wt.%,例如约0.1wt.%至约10wt.%,或者约0.2wt.%至约5wt.%。
根据一些实施方案中,口腔护理组合物包含至少一种粘度改进剂。在一些实施方案中,粘度改进剂抑制组分的沉降或分离,或促进液体组合物搅拌时的再分散性能。任何口腔可接受的粘度改进剂都可以应用,包括但不限于矿物油、凡士林、粘土和有机修饰的粘土、二氧化硅等等。在一些实施方案中,存在一种或多种粘度改进剂占总重量的约0.01wt.%至约10wt.%,例如约0.1wt.%至约5wt.%。
在一些实施方案中,组合物包括口腔可接受氟离子源。在一些实施方案中,存在一种或多种这种氟离子源。合适的氟离子源包括氟化物、一氟磷酸和氟硅酸盐、和氟化胺,包括奥拉氟(N’-十八烷基丙二胺-N,N,N’-三(2-乙醇)-二氢氟酸盐)。口腔可接受的这些盐都适用,包括但不限于碱金属(如钾、钠)、铵、亚锡和铟盐等等。在一些实施方案中,应用一种或多种水溶性的释放氟化物的盐。根据一些实施方案,一种或多种释放氟化物的盐提供的氟离子的量占总重量的约100ppm至约20,000ppm,约200ppm至5,000ppm,或约500ppm至约2,500ppm。在一些实施方案中,口腔护理组合物中含有约0.01wt.%至约5wt.%,约0.05wt.%至约1wt.%,或约0.1wt.%至约0.5wt.%氟化钠,其中氟化钠是唯一存在的释放氟离子的盐。
其它组分可以包括但不限于芳香剂、着色剂和其它活性成分,如抗氧化剂和抗炎剂。在一些实施方案中,这些附加的组分通过已知制备方法加入到口腔组合物中。
本发明包括减少、消除或预防基质的细菌群落的生长的方法,包括革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌和/或它们的混合。该方法包括本发明的任一化合物和/或组合物与所选基质接触。接触的持续时间可以是短的(几秒钟到几小时),或者基质涂有或充满或附着有本发明的化合物或组合物。基质可以是任何的包括本领域中的塑料、聚合物树脂、薄膜、金属、纤维、纺织品、木材、纸、陶瓷、或陶瓷制品。基质可以是想要控制细菌群落的装置、仪器、设备或者工具的全部或一部分,例如包括衣服、如尿布、内衣、鞋、医疗装置、外科器具、医疗埋植剂、办公用品、尿布包、女性用品、厕所用品、餐具、食品服务器具、垃圾桶、管道、门、电话听筒、电脑键盘、栅栏、地板、手术室表面、硬表面、宠物装置、如携带工具、玩具和垃圾箱;浴室和厨房表面、墙、货币、实验室设备、和/或眼科和牙科设备、仪器、埋植剂和工具,如接触镜、义齿和眼镜;和表皮和上皮表明。在口腔实施方案中,基质可以是表膜、釉质和/或口腔上皮。
本发明还包括维持和/或促进哺乳动物全身健康的方法。该方法包括口腔表面(如牙质、釉质、齿龈、上皮、表膜的表面)与本发明的组合物或化合物(I)接触。
实施例1
制备一种简单的清洗剂:将被选化合物(I)溶解在乙醇中,然后按照表1所列的配方制备,其中化合物(I)中m=0,R是烯丙基团(ally/group),R1和R2是氢原子。
实施例2
根据表1所列的配方制备与实施例1配方相对应的安慰剂。
表1:实施例清洗剂配方
组分 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 |
水 | 81.7349% | 81.7849% |
组分 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 |
乙醇 | 10 | 10 |
甘油 | 8 | 8 |
PEG-40脱水山梨醇双异硬脂酸酯 | 0.125 | 0.125 |
香料 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
糖精钠 | 0.010 | 0.010 |
染料,1%溶液 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 |
化合物(I) | 0.05% | 0.05% |
总计 | 100% | 100% |
将实施例1和2的处方用于进行恶臭减少性能的体外评价。上述处方各自放置在含有VSC的口腔环境中,含有0.03%TCN的清洗剂也放置在含有VSC的口腔环境中。
计算各处方的口腔环境中VSC的减少百分率。在这种情况下,期待任何恶臭的减少都需要来自优良的抗菌活性,尤其是抗革兰氏阴性菌,如F.nucleatum和P.melangenica,这些都是公知的在含硫氨基酸存在的情况下会产VSC。实施例1配方在对口腔恶臭产生水平上表现出有非常强烈的影响作用。
Claims (25)
3.权利要求2的组合物,其中m是0-50的整数。
4.权利要求2的组合物,其中m是1-20的整数。
5.权利要求2的组合物,其中m是1-15的整数。
6.权利要求2的组合物,其中m选自1、2、3、4、5和6。
7.权利要求2的组合物,其中所述第一烃结构和第二烃结构中的一个或两个独立地是环结构。
8.权利要求2的组合物,第一烃结构和第二烃结构中的一个或两个独立地是链结构。
9.权利要求8的组合物,其中所述烃链独立地是支链烃。
10.权利要求2的组合物,其中所述第一烃结构独立地选自烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基和烷烃基。
11.权利要求2的组合物,其中R独立地为具有1-20个碳原子的烃结构。
12.权利要求2的组合物,其中R独立地为具有1-10个碳原子的烃结构。
13.权利要求2的组合物,其中R1和R2独立地选自被取代或未被取代的甲基、被取代或未被取代的乙基,和被取代或未被取代的丁基。
14.权利要求2的组合物,其中式(I)化合物以约0.001重量%至约10重量%的量而存在。
15.权利要求2的组合物,其中式(I)化合物以约0.01重量%至约5重量%的量而存在。
16.权利要求2的组合物,其中式(I)化合物以约0.1重量%至约2重量%的量而存在。
17.权利要求2的口腔护理组合物,还包含口腔可接受的载体,所述载体选自凝胶、液体、粉末、与口腔环境接触后溶解的材料、织物基质、纤维、和膏。
18.权利要求3的组合物,还包含选自聚乙烯基甲基醚和马来酸酐的共聚物、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、壳聚糖、聚乙烯基膦酸聚合物/共聚物的制剂。
19.权利要求2的口腔护理组合物是膏、凝胶、锭剂、液体、口香糖、可咀嚼糖果和喷雾剂的形式。
21.权利要求19的方法,其中m是1-15的整数。
22.权利要求19的方法,其中所述第一烃结构独立地选自烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基和烷烃基。
23.权利要求19的方法,其中R1和R2独立地选自被取代或未被取代的甲基、被取代或未被取代的乙基,和被取代或未被取代的丁基。
24.权利要求19的方法,其中所述基质选自表膜、釉质和口腔上皮。
25.权利要求19的方法,其中所述基质是口腔表面。
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CN107118357A (zh) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-09-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种儿茶酚壳聚糖自愈合水凝胶材料及其制备方法 |
CN107118357B (zh) * | 2017-05-15 | 2019-07-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种儿茶酚壳聚糖自愈合水凝胶材料及其制备方法 |
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