CN101781155A - Nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling - Google Patents
Nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN101781155A CN101781155A CN201010112173A CN201010112173A CN101781155A CN 101781155 A CN101781155 A CN 101781155A CN 201010112173 A CN201010112173 A CN 201010112173A CN 201010112173 A CN201010112173 A CN 201010112173A CN 101781155 A CN101781155 A CN 101781155A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling. The substrate block comprises the following components: peat, vermiculite, pearlite, spent mushroom composts, chopped straws, coated controlled-release urea and coated controlled-release compound fertilizers. The substrate block is prepared by such natural materials as peat, vermiculite and pearlite, and agricultural organic wastes and polymer-coated controlled-release fertilizers. The substrate block is especially suitable for seedling of the vegetables planted with seeds. The main nutrients in the substrate are provided by the polymer-coated controlled-release fertilizers and the content of the nutrients is improved by more than 10 times over the common seedling substrates; meanwhile, the substrate can be matched with the controlled-release fertilizers with different release speeds according to the needs of the cultivated plants so as to ensure the release speed of the nutrients in the substrate to meet the nutrient needs of different cultivated plants. Being used for crop seedling, the substrate block can realize that additional fertilizers are not needed in the seedling stage and even the early growth stage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant growth medium, particularly relate to a kind of nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling.
Background technology
At present main seedling raising manners has four kinds in the vegetables production process: 1) groundbed is grown seedlings, and at facility or land and set up the seedbed, table soil turns over the whole thin back of rake and adds fertilizer, covers fine earth 1-1.5 centimetre after seed broadcasting or the program request.Need more experience but this method seedling bed earth is mixed, burn seedling easily, the waste seed, weeds are many, and soil-borne disease is serious.2) Tu Tuo grows seedlings, promptly use to make Tu Tuo than the soil of viscosity and grow seedlings, this mode because soil sticks together permeability poor, seedling percent is low, Tu Tuo is broken easily during transplanting, causes and hinders root, slow seedling is slow.3) nutrition pot/bag is grown seedlings, and is container with polypots or cardboard cup promptly, inserts fine earth and grows seedlings, the selected soil of growing seedlings, mostly be local garden mould and add a certain proportion of fertilizer,, do not have strict technological standard because material is selected and the randomness of proportioning, general peasant is difficult for grasping, for grow seedlings experience person's face speech of shortage, the as easy as rolling off a log failure phenomenon that occurs growing seedlings, in addition, because fetch earth, sterilize, join fertilizer, make up a prescription, adorn alms bowl, to take off sport technique segment such as alms bowl very cumbersome, time-consuming.4) with materials such as the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, crushing straws, by mechanical compaction, make the seedling medium piece and grow seedlings, but this type of seedling medium piece is because wherein contained available nutrient is seldom, after grow seedlings of vegetable and field planting, need repeatedly to apply fertilizer, time-consuming and fertilizer utilization ratio is not high.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling.
Nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention comprises each components of following parts by weight:
The peat composed of rotten mosses: 10-70, vermiculite: 10-50, perlite: 2-30, mushroom residue: 0-25, crushing straw: 0-25, coated release-controlled urea: 1-10, coated release-controlled composite fertilizer: 1-10.
Above-mentioned nutrient slowly-released type vegetable seedling substrate also can the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, mushroom residue, crushing straw, coated release-controlled urea and a coated release-controlled composite fertilizer by above-mentioned parts by weight be formed.Be preferably as follows the described nutrient slowly-released type vegetable seedling substrate of parts by weight: the peat composed of rotten mosses: 50, vermiculite: 20, perlite: 5, mushroom residue: 10, crushing straw: 5, coated release-controlled urea: 5, coated release-controlled composite fertilizer: 5.
In the described coated release-controlled urea, fertilizer releasing period is 30 days-100 days, and nitrogen content is 38%-44%, preferred 42%; Wherein, fertilizer releasing period is meant that 25 ℃ of waters leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion among the employing GB/T23348-2009, and nitrogen nutrient discharges 80% used fate in the coated release-controlled urea, and tolerance is ± 25%.
In the described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer, fertilizer releasing period is 30 days-100 days, N, P
2O
5, K
2The quality percentage composition ratio of O is 0-30: 0-30: 0-30, and described N, P
2O
5, K
2Among the O at the most one quality percentage composition be 0.Fertilizer releasing period is meant that 25 ℃ of waters leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion among the employing GB/T23348-2009, and nitrogen nutrient discharges 80% used fate in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of ternary or binary; For unazotized coated release-controlled composite fertilizer, its fertilizer releasing period is that potassium element discharges 80% used fate in the fertilizer, and tolerance is ± 25%.
Above-mentioned coated release-controlled urea need be according to the different fertilizer of selecting the Different Nutrients release period for use of different vegetable crop growth period fertilizer requirement with coated release-controlled composite fertilizer.
Above-mentioned nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention is cylindrical piece or square piece, and the top of described cylindrical piece or described square piece is provided with at least one depression.Described depression be shaped as cylinder shape, diameter is 0.5cm-5cm, height is 0.5cm-5cm, number is 1-3; When described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling was cylindrical piece, the diameter of described cylindrical piece was 1cm-10cm, and height is 1cm-10cm; When described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling was the square piece, the length of described square piece was 1cm-10cm, and wide is 1cm-10cm, and height is 1cm-10cm.The number of depression is 2 or 3, is in order to sow a plurality of kinds, so that interracial grafting; Multi-tool has the substrate block of a depression when sowing high-quality hybrid vegetables.
The present invention also provides the method for preparing above-mentioned nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling.This method, comprise the steps: behind the described peat composed of rotten mosses, described vermiculite, described perlite, described mushroom residue, described crushing straw, described coated release-controlled urea and the described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer mixing, be pressed into described cylindrical piece or square piece, obtain nutrient slowly-released type vegetable seedling substrate provided by the invention; The top of described cylindrical piece or described square piece is provided with at least one depression;
The parts by weight of each component are as follows in the described nutrient slowly-released type vegetable seedling substrate:
The peat composed of rotten mosses: 10-70, vermiculite: 10-50, perlite: 10-30, mushroom residue: 0-25, crushing straw: 0-25, coated release-controlled urea: 1-10, coated release-controlled composite fertilizer: 1-10.
In this method, be preferably as follows the described nutrient slowly-released type vegetable seedling substrate of parts by weight: the peat composed of rotten mosses: 50, vermiculite: 20, perlite: 5, mushroom residue: 10, crushing straw: 5, coated release-controlled urea: 5, coated release-controlled composite fertilizer: 5.In the described coated release-controlled urea, fertilizer releasing period is 30 days-100 days, and nitrogen content is 38%-44%, preferred 42%; In the described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer, fertilizer releasing period is 30 days-100 days, N, P
2O
5, K
2The quality percentage composition ratio of O is 0-30: 0-30: 0-30, and described N, P
2O
5, K
2Among the O at the most one quality percentage composition be 0.
The present invention utilizes natural material, agricultural organic waste and polymer coating controlled release fertilizer five equilibrium to prepare nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling.This substrate block is specially adapted to by vegetables planted with seeds, as leaf vegetables, vegetables are fructovegetative grows seedlings, and for example cucumber, dish green pepper, eggplant, tomato, muskmelon, wild cabbage and pumpkin.Main nutrient in the matrix is provided by polymer coating controlled release fertilizer, the more common seedling medium of nutrient content improves more than 10 times, matrix can be according to the different release and release control fertilizer of needs collocation release rate of raise crop simultaneously, and nutrient releasing speed satisfies the nutrient demand of different raise crops in the matrix thereby make.Utilize this substrate block to carry out crop seedling, can realize that seedling stage and even fertility the early stage need not append fertilizer.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.The content of N described in the present invention, P
2O
5Content and K
2The content of O is the quality percentage composition.
Embodiment 1, utilize nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention to carry out cucumber seedling-raising
According to shown in the table 1, get the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, mushroom residue, crushing straw and the coated release-controlled urea of different amounts, mechanical compaction becomes to be provided with the cylindrical piece of a top depression behind the mixing, obtains nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A provided by the invention, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L.The diameter of this substrate block is 5cm, and height is 2.5cm; The diameter of described top depression is 1cm, and height is 1cm; The number of described top depression is 1.
Nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L all carry out cucumber seedling-raising according to following step shown in the his-and-hers watches 1:
1) the water proof plastics film is completed in leveling cucumber seedbed, to prevent bundle under water branch seepage and the root system, then described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention is put on plastics film neatly, and the gap between the adjacent substrate block is 3 centimetres.Substrate block A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L all establish 200 for every kind.
2) pour water to the seedbed; can repeat according to actual needs to pour water to the extremely central no hard-core of described substrate block water-swelling; the cucumber seeds that show money or valuables one carries unintentionally vernalization next day is put into the top depression place of described substrate block; put into a cucumber seeds in each substrate block; cover the vermiculite of 1.5 cm thicks, controlled temperature is 25-30 ℃, and ambient moisture is 80%-90%; all do not apply fertilizer seedling stage, the seedling rate of gained cucumber seeds and to reach field planting standard growth fate as shown in table 1.
The nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling cucumber seedling rate of table 1, different components and reach the field planting standard growth
Fate
| The substrate block numbering | Peat composed of rotten mosses parts by weight | The vermiculite parts by weight | The perlite parts by weight | The mushroom residue parts by weight | The crushing straw parts by weight | The coated release-controlled urea parts by weight | Coated release-controlled composite fertilizer parts by weight | Seedling rate (%) | Reach field planting standard growth fate (d) |
| ??A | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??25 |
| ??B | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??50 |
| ??C | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??10 | ??10 | ??95％ | ??25 |
| ??D | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 53 days |
| ??E | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??5 | ??5 | ??95％ | ??25 |
| ??F | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??45 |
| ??G | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??10 | ??10 | ??70％ | ??25 |
| ??H | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach in 53 days |
| The field planting standard | |||||||||
| ??I | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??26 |
| ??J | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??53 |
| ??K | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??10 | ??10 | ??96％ | ??27 |
| ??L | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 53 days |
In the table 1, the field planting standard of cucumber be two leaves wholeheartedly, substrate block D, H, L grow seedlings for the substrate block that does not contain the slowly-releasing nutrient.Used coated release-controlled urea nitrogen content is 42%, fertilizer releasing period 50d; The content of N is 17.32% in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer nutrient, P
2O
5Content be 14.50%, K
2The content of O is 14.12%, fertilizer releasing period 50d.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled urea of 50d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
Polyethylene 3 weight parts, polypropylene 3 weight parts, polystyrene 1 weight part and talcum powder 0.8 weight part are joined in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; The content that is coated on 125 weight part nitrogen contents by high pressure spray nozzle is 46% urea, obtains described coated release-controlled urea, and the coating rate of this fertilizer is 5.87%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in this coated release-controlled urea nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 50 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled urea is 50 days.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of 50d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
1. with the urea (content of N is 46%) of 40kg, the double superhosphate (P of 35kg
2O
5Content be 44%), 25kg Repone K (K
2The content of O is 60%) make the composite fertilizer that diameter is 1mm-2mm through mixing granulation again.
2. get polyethylene 3 weight parts, polypropylene 3 weight parts, polystyrene 1 weight part and talcum powder 0.8 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Be coated in the above-mentioned composite fertilizer of 125 weight parts by high pressure spray nozzle, obtain described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer, the coating rate of this fertilizer is 5.87%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of this ternary nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 50 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled composite fertilizer is 50 days.
Embodiment 2, utilize nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention to carry out the dish green pepper to grow seedlings
According to shown in the table 2, get the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, mushroom residue, crushing straw and the coated release-controlled urea of different amounts, mechanical compaction becomes to be provided with the cylindrical piece of a top depression behind the mixing, obtains nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A provided by the invention, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L.The diameter of this substrate block is 5cm, and height is 2.5cm; The diameter of described top depression is 0.5cm, and height is 0.5cm; The number of described top depression is 1.
Nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L shown in the his-and-hers watches 2 all carry out the dish green pepper according to following step and grow seedlings:
1) the water proof plastics film is completed in leveling dish green pepper seedbed, to prevent bundle under water branch seepage and the root system, then described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention is put on plastics film neatly, and the gap between the adjacent substrate block is 3 centimetres.Substrate block A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L all establish 200 for every kind.
2) pour water to the seedbed, can repeat according to actual needs to pour water to the extremely central no hard-core of described substrate block water-swelling, the dish green pepper seed that show money or valuables one carries unintentionally vernalization next day is put into the top depression place of described substrate block, put into a dish green pepper seed in each substrate block, cover the vermiculite of 1.5 cm thicks, controlled temperature is 25-30 ℃, and ambient moisture is 75%-85%, the seedling rate of gained dish green pepper seed and to reach field planting standard growth fate as shown in table 2.
The nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling dish green pepper seedling rate of table 2, different components and reach field planting standard growth fate
| The substrate block numbering | Peat composed of rotten mosses parts by weight | The vermiculite parts by weight | The perlite parts by weight | The mushroom residue parts by weight | The crushing straw parts by weight | The coated release-controlled urea parts by weight | Coated release-controlled composite fertilizer parts by weight | Seedling rate (%) | Reach field planting standard growth fate (d) |
| ??A | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??28 |
| ??B | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??40 |
| ??C | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??10 | ??10 | ??92％ | ??28 |
| ??D | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 43 days |
| ??E | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??5 | ??5 | ??97％ | ??28 |
| The substrate block numbering | Peat composed of rotten mosses parts by weight | The vermiculite parts by weight | The perlite parts by weight | The mushroom residue parts by weight | The crushing straw parts by weight | The coated release-controlled urea parts by weight | Coated release-controlled composite fertilizer parts by weight | Seedling rate (%) | Reach field planting standard growth fate (d) |
| ??F | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??38 |
| ??G | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??10 | ??10 | ??65％ | ??28 |
| ??H | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 43 days |
| ??I | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??29 |
| ??J | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??43 |
| ??K | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??10 | ??10 | ??93％ | ??28 |
| ??L | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 43 days |
In the table 2, the field planting standard of dish green pepper is five leaves, and substrate block D, H, L grow seedlings for the substrate block that does not contain the slowly-releasing nutrient.Used coated release-controlled urea nitrogen content is 42%, fertilizer releasing period 60d; The content of N is 20.71% in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer nutrient, P
2O
5Content be 12.38%, K
2The content of O is 12.38%, fertilizer releasing period 60d.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled urea of 60d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
Get polyethylene 3.5 weight parts, polypropylene 3 weight parts, polystyrene 1 weight part and talcum powder 0.8 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Being coated on 125 weight part nitrogen contents by high pressure spray nozzle is 46% urea, obtains coated release-controlled urea, and the coating rate of this fertilizer is 6.23%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in this coated release-controlled urea nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 60 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled urea is 60 days.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of 60d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
1. with the urea (content of N is 46%) of 48kg, the double superhosphate (P of 30kg
2O
5Content be 44%), 22kg Repone K (K
2The content of O is 60%) make the composite fertilizer that diameter is 1mm-2mm through mixing granulation again.
2. get polyethylene 3.5 weight parts, polypropylene 3 weight parts, polystyrene 1 weight part and talcum powder 0.8 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Be coated in the above-mentioned composite fertilizer of 125 weight parts by high pressure spray nozzle, obtain described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer, the coating rate of this fertilizer is 6.23%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of this ternary nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 60 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled composite fertilizer is 60 days.
Embodiment 3, utilize nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention to carry out eggplant seedling raising
According to shown in the table 3, get the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, mushroom residue, crushing straw and the coated release-controlled urea of different amounts, mechanical compaction becomes to be provided with the cylindrical piece of a top depression behind the mixing, obtains nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A provided by the invention, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L.The diameter of this substrate block is 5cm, and height is 2.5cm; The diameter of described top depression is 0.5cm, and height is 0.5cm; The number of described top depression is 1.
Nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L all carry out eggplant seedling raising according to following step shown in the his-and-hers watches 3:
1) the water proof plastics film is completed in leveling eggplant seedbed, to prevent bundle under water branch seepage and the root system, then described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention is put on plastics film neatly, and the gap between the adjacent substrate block is 3 centimetres.Substrate block A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L all establish 200 for every kind.
2 pour water to the seedbed, can repeat according to actual needs to pour water to the extremely central no hard-core of described substrate block water-swelling, the eggplant seed that show money or valuables one carries unintentionally vernalization next day is put into the top depression place of described substrate block, put into an eggplant seed in each substrate block, cover the vermiculite of 1.5 cm thicks, controlled temperature is 25-35 ℃, and ambient moisture is 80%-90%, the seedling rate of gained eggplant seed and to reach field planting standard growth fate as shown in table 3.
The nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling eggplant seedling rate of table 3, different components and reach field planting standard growth fate
| The substrate block numbering | Peat composed of rotten mosses parts by weight | The vermiculite parts by weight | The perlite parts by weight | The mushroom residue parts by weight | The crushing straw parts by weight | The coated release-controlled urea parts by weight | Coated release-controlled composite fertilizer parts by weight | Seedling rate (%) | Reach field planting standard growth fate (d) |
| ??A | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??30 |
| ??B | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??50 |
| ??C | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??10 | ??10 | ??94％ | ??30 |
| ??D | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 55 days |
| ??E | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??5 | ??5 | ??94％ | ??30 |
| ??F | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??47 |
| ??G | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??10 | ??10 | ??56％ | ??30 |
| ??H | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 55 days |
| ??I | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??33 |
| ??J | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??55 |
| ??K | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??10 | ??10 | ??95％ | ??30 |
| ??L | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 55 days |
In the table 3, the field planting standard of eggplant is five leaves, and substrate block D, H, L grow seedlings for the substrate block that does not contain the slowly-releasing nutrient.Used coated release-controlled urea nitrogen content is 42%, fertilizer releasing period 70d; The content of N is 23.67% in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer nutrient, P
2O
5Content be 12.35%, K
2The content of O is 8.42%, fertilizer releasing period 70d.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled urea of 70d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
Get polyethylene 3.5 weight parts, polypropylene 3.3 weight parts, polystyrene 1 weight part and talcum powder 0.8 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Being coated on 125 weight part nitrogen contents by high pressure spray nozzle is 46% urea, obtains described coated release-controlled urea, and the coating rate of this fertilizer is 6.44%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in this coated release-controlled urea nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 70 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled urea is 70 days.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of 70d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
1. with the urea (content of N is 46%) of 55kg, the double superhosphate (P of 30kg
2O
5Content be 44%), 15kg Repone K (K
2The content of O is 60%) make the composite fertilizer that diameter is 1mm-2mm through mixing granulation again.
2. get polyethylene 3.5 weight parts, polypropylene 3.3 weight parts, polystyrene 1 weight part and talcum powder 0.8 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Be coated in the above-mentioned composite fertilizer of 125 weight parts by high pressure spray nozzle, obtain described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer, the coating rate of this fertilizer is 6.44%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of this ternary nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 70 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled composite fertilizer is 70 days.
Embodiment 4, utilize nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention to carry out tomato to grow seedlings
According to shown in the table 4, get the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, mushroom residue, crushing straw and the coated release-controlled urea of different amounts, mechanical compaction becomes to be provided with the cylindrical piece of a top depression behind the mixing, obtains nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A provided by the invention, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L.The diameter of this substrate block is 5cm, and height is 2.5cm; The diameter of described top depression is 0.5cm, and height is 0.5cm; The number of described top depression is 1.
Nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L shown in the his-and-hers watches 4 all carry out tomato according to following step and grow seedlings:
1) the water proof plastics film is completed in leveling tomato seedbed, to prevent bundle under water branch seepage and the root system, then described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention is put on plastics film neatly, and the gap between the adjacent substrate block is 3 centimetres.Substrate block A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L all establish 200 for every kind.
2) pour water to the seedbed, can repeat according to actual needs to pour water to the extremely central no hard-core of described substrate block water-swelling, the tamato seed that show money or valuables one carries unintentionally vernalization next day is put into the top depression place of described substrate block, put into a tamato seed in each substrate block, cover the vermiculite of 1.5 cm thicks, controlled temperature is 25-35 ℃, and ambient moisture is 80%-90%, the seedling rate of gained tamato seed and to reach field planting standard growth fate as shown in table 4.
The nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling tomato seedling rate of table 4, different components and reach field planting standard growth fate
| The substrate block numbering | Peat composed of rotten mosses parts by weight | The vermiculite parts by weight | The perlite parts by weight | The mushroom residue parts by weight | The crushing straw parts by weight | The coated release-controlled urea parts by weight | Coated release-controlled composite fertilizer parts by weight | Seedling rate (%) | Reach field planting standard growth fate (d) |
| ??A | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??25 |
| ??B | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??40 |
| ??C | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??10 | ??10 | ??85％ | ??25 |
| ??D | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 45 days |
| ??E | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??5 | ??5 | ??92％ | ??25 |
| ??F | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??45 |
| ??G | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??10 | ??10 | ??50％ | ??25 |
| ??H | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 45 days |
| ??I | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??27 |
| ??J | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??43 |
| ??K | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??10 | ??10 | ??90％ | ??25 |
| ??L | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 45 days |
In the table 4, the field planting standard of tomato is four leaves, and substrate block D, H, L grow seedlings for the substrate block that does not contain the slowly-releasing nutrient.Used coated release-controlled urea nitrogen content is 42%, fertilizer releasing period 60d; The content of N is 17.25% in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer nutrient, P
2O
5Content be 6.75%, K
2The content of O is 11.25%, fertilizer releasing period 60d.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled urea of 60d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
Get polyethylene 3.5 weight parts, polypropylene 3 weight parts, polystyrene 1 weight part and talcum powder 0.8 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Being coated on 125 weight part nitrogen contents by high pressure spray nozzle is 46% urea, obtains coated release-controlled urea, and the coating rate of this fertilizer is 6.23%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in this coated release-controlled urea nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 60 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled urea is 60 days.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of 60d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
1. with the urea (content of N is 46%) of 40kg, the calcium superphosphate (P of 40kg
2O
5Content be 18%), 20kg Repone K (K
2The content of O is 60%) make the composite fertilizer that diameter is 1mm-2mm through mixing granulation again.
2. get polyethylene 3.5 weight parts, polypropylene 3 weight parts, polystyrene 1 weight part and talcum powder 0.8 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Be coated in the above-mentioned composite fertilizer of 125 weight parts by high pressure spray nozzle, obtain described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer, the coating rate of this fertilizer is 6.23%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of this ternary nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 60 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled composite fertilizer is 60 days.
Embodiment 5, utilize nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention to carry out muskmelon to grow seedlings
According to shown in the table 5, get the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, mushroom residue, crushing straw and the coated release-controlled urea of different amounts, mechanical compaction becomes to be provided with the cylindrical piece of a top depression behind the mixing, obtains nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A provided by the invention, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L.The diameter of this substrate block is 8cm, and height is 3cm; The diameter of described top depression is 1cm, and height is 1cm; The number of described top depression is 1.
Nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L shown in the his-and-hers watches 5 all carry out muskmelon according to following step and grow seedlings:
1) the water proof plastics film is completed in leveling muskmelon seedbed, to prevent bundle under water branch seepage and the root system, then described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention is put on plastics film neatly, and the gap between the adjacent substrate block is 3 centimetres.Substrate block A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L all establish 200 for every kind.
2) pour water to the seedbed, can repeat according to actual needs to pour water to the extremely central no hard-core of described substrate block water-swelling, the muskmelon seeds that show money or valuables one carries unintentionally vernalization next day is put into the top depression place of described substrate block, put into a muskmelon seeds in each substrate block, cover the vermiculite of 2 cm thicks, controlled temperature is 28-35 ℃, and ambient moisture is 50%-60%, the seedling rate of gained muskmelon seeds and to reach field planting standard growth fate as shown in table 5.
The nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling muskmelon seedling rate of table 5, different components and reach field planting standard growth fate
| Matrix | The peat composed of rotten mosses is heavy | Vermiculite is heavy | Perlite | Mushroom residue | Crushing straw | Coated release-controlled | Coated release-controlled multiple | Seedling rate | Reach the field planting standard |
| Block number | The amount umber | The amount umber | Parts by weight | Parts by weight | Parts by weight | The weight of urea umber | The Hefei parts by weight | ??(％) | Growth fate (d) |
| ??A | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??22 |
| ??B | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??45 |
| ??C | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??10 | ??10 | ??92％ | ??22 |
| ??D | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 48 days |
| ??E | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??5 | ??5 | ??80％ | ??22 |
| ??F | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??39 |
| ??G | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??10 | ??10 | ??51％ | ??22 |
| ??H | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 48 days |
| ??I | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??28 |
| ??J | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??48 |
| ??K | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??10 | ??10 | ??93％ | ??24 |
| ??L | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 48 days |
In the table 5, the field planting standard of muskmelon is three leaves, and substrate block D, H, L grow seedlings for the substrate block that does not contain the slowly-releasing nutrient.Used coated release-controlled urea nitrogen content is 42%, fertilizer releasing period 50d; The content of N is 21.65% in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer nutrient, P
2O
5Content be 5.08%, K
2The content of O is 11.30%, fertilizer releasing period 50d.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled urea of 50d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
Get polyethylene 3 weight parts, polypropylene 3 weight parts, polystyrene 1 weight part and talcum powder 0.8 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Being coated on 125 weight part nitrogen contents by high pressure spray nozzle is 46% urea, obtains described coated release-controlled urea, and the coating rate of this fertilizer is 5.87%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in this coated release-controlled urea nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 50 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled urea is 50 days.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of 50d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
1. with the urea (content of N is 46%) of 50kg, the calcium superphosphate (P of 30kg
2O
5Content be 18%), 20kg Repone K (K
2The content of O is 60%) make the composite fertilizer that diameter is 1mm-2mm through mixing granulation again.
2. get polyethylene 3 weight parts, polypropylene 3 weight parts, polystyrene 1 weight part and talcum powder 0.8 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Be coated in the above-mentioned composite fertilizer of 125 weight parts by high pressure spray nozzle, obtain described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer, the coating rate of this fertilizer is 5.87%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of this ternary nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 50 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled composite fertilizer is 50 days.
Embodiment 6, utilize nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention to carry out wild cabbage to grow seedlings
According to shown in the table 6, get the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, mushroom residue, crushing straw and the coated release-controlled urea of different amounts, mechanical compaction becomes to be provided with the cylindrical piece of a top depression behind the mixing, obtains nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A provided by the invention, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L.The diameter of this substrate block is 6cm, and height is 3cm; The diameter of described top depression is 0.6cm, and height is 0.6cm; The number of described top depression is 1.
Nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L shown in the his-and-hers watches 6 all carry out wild cabbage according to following step and grow seedlings:
1) the water proof plastics film is completed in leveling wild cabbage seedbed, to prevent bundle under water branch seepage and the root system, then described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention is put on plastics film neatly, and the gap between the adjacent substrate block is 3 centimetres.Substrate block A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L all establish 200 for every kind.
2) pour water to the seedbed, can repeat according to actual needs to pour water to the extremely central no hard-core of described substrate block water-swelling, the cabbage seed that show money or valuables one carries unintentionally vernalization next day is put into the top depression place of described substrate block, put into a cabbage seed in each substrate block, cover the vermiculite of 1.5 cm thicks, controlled temperature is 20-25 ℃, and ambient moisture is 70%-90%, the seedling rate of gained cabbage seed and to reach field planting standard growth fate as shown in table 6.
The nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling wild cabbage seedling rate of table 6, different components and reach field planting standard growth fate
| The substrate block numbering | Peat composed of rotten mosses parts by weight | The vermiculite parts by weight | The perlite parts by weight | The mushroom residue parts by weight | The crushing straw parts by weight | The coated release-controlled urea parts by weight | Coated release-controlled composite fertilizer parts by weight | Seedling rate (%) | Reach field planting standard growth fate (d) |
| ??A | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??30 |
| ??B | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??52 |
| ??C | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??10 | ??10 | ??83％ | ??30 |
| ??D | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 52 days |
| ??E | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??5 | ??5 | ??75％ | ??30 |
| ??F | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??45 |
| ??G | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??10 | ??10 | ??32％ | ??30 |
| ??H | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 52 days |
| ??I | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??32 |
| ??J | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??49 |
| ??K | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??10 | ??10 | ??85％ | ??30 |
| ??L | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 52 days |
In the table 6, the field planting standard of wild cabbage is five leaves, and substrate block D, H, L grow seedlings for the substrate block that does not contain the slowly-releasing nutrient.Used coated release-controlled urea nitrogen content is 42%, fertilizer releasing period 70d; The content of N is 15.06% in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer nutrient, P
2O
5Content be 7.58%, K
2The content of O is 11.23%, fertilizer releasing period 70d.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled urea of 70d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
Get polyethylene 3.5 weight parts, polypropylene 3.3 weight parts, polystyrene 1 weight part and talcum powder 0.8 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Being coated on 125 weight part nitrogen contents by high pressure spray nozzle is 46% urea, obtains described coated release-controlled urea, and the coating rate of this fertilizer is 6.44%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in this coated release-controlled urea nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 70 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled urea is 70 days.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of 70d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
1. with the urea (content of N is 46%) of 35kg, the calcium superphosphate (P of 45kg
2O
5Content be 18%), 20kg Repone K (K
2The content of O is 60%) make the composite fertilizer that diameter is 1mm-2mm through mixing granulation again.
2. get polyethylene 3.5 weight parts, polypropylene 3.3 weight parts, polystyrene 1 weight part and talcum powder 0.8 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Be coated in the above-mentioned composite fertilizer of 125 weight parts by high pressure spray nozzle, obtain described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer, the coating rate of this fertilizer is 6.44%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of this ternary nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 70 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled composite fertilizer is 70 days.
Embodiment 7, utilize nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention to carry out pumpkin to grow seedlings
According to shown in the table 7, get the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, mushroom residue, crushing straw and the coated release-controlled urea of different amounts, mechanical compaction becomes to be provided with the square piece of a top depression behind the mixing, obtains nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A provided by the invention, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L.The length of this substrate block is 8cm, and wide is 8cm, and height is 3cm; The diameter of described top depression is 1.5cm, and height is 1.5cm; The number of described top depression is 1.
Nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling A, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K and L shown in the his-and-hers watches 7 all carry out pumpkin according to following step and grow seedlings:
1) the water proof plastics film is completed in leveling pumpkin seedbed, to prevent bundle under water branch seepage and the root system, then described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling provided by the invention is put on plastics film neatly, and the gap between the adjacent substrate block is 3 centimetres.Substrate block A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L all establish 200 for every kind.
2) pour water to the seedbed, can repeat according to actual needs to pour water to the extremely central no hard-core of described substrate block water-swelling, the pumpkin seed that show money or valuables one carries unintentionally vernalization next day is put into the top depression place of described substrate block, put into a pumpkin seed in each substrate block, cover the vermiculite of 2 cm thicks, controlled temperature is 25-30 ℃, and ambient moisture is 50%-60%, the seedling rate of gained pumpkin seed and to reach field planting standard growth fate as shown in table 7.
The nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling pumpkin seedling rate of table 7, different components and reach field planting standard growth fate
| The substrate block numbering | Peat composed of rotten mosses parts by weight | The vermiculite parts by weight | The perlite parts by weight | The mushroom residue parts by weight | The crushing straw parts by weight | The coated release-controlled urea parts by weight | Coated release-controlled composite fertilizer parts by weight | Seedling rate (%) | Reach field planting standard growth fate (d) |
| ??A | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??21 |
| ??B | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??46 |
| ??C | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??10 | ??10 | ??81％ | ??21 |
| ??D | ??50 | ??20 | ??5 | ??10 | ??5 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 48 days |
| ??E | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??5 | ??5 | ??78％ | ??21 |
| ??F | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??44 |
| ??G | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??10 | ??10 | ??12％ | ??21 |
| ??H | ??10 | ??10 | ??10 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 48 days |
| The substrate block numbering | Peat composed of rotten mosses parts by weight | The vermiculite parts by weight | The perlite parts by weight | The mushroom residue parts by weight | The crushing straw parts by weight | The coated release-controlled urea parts by weight | Coated release-controlled composite fertilizer parts by weight | Seedling rate (%) | Reach field planting standard growth fate (d) |
| ??I | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??5 | ??5 | ??99％ | ??22 |
| ??J | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??1 | ??1 | ??99％ | ??48 |
| ??K | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??10 | ??10 | ??83％ | ??21 |
| ??L | ??70 | ??50 | ??30 | ??25 | ??25 | ??0 | ??0 | ??99％ | Also do not reach the field planting standard in 48 days |
In the table 7, the field planting standard of pumpkin be two leaves wholeheartedly, substrate block D, H, L grow seedlings for the substrate block that does not contain the slowly-releasing nutrient.Used coated release-controlled urea nitrogen content is 42%, and fertilizer releasing period is 45d; The content of N is 15.21% in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer nutrient, P
2O
5Content be 6.80%, K
2The content of O is 14.17%, and fertilizer releasing period is 45d.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled urea of 45d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
Get polyethylene 3 weight parts, polypropylene 2.8 weight parts, polystyrene 0.8 weight part and talcum powder 0.7 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Being coated on 125 weight part nitrogen contents by high pressure spray nozzle is 46% urea, obtains described coated release-controlled urea, and the coating rate of this fertilizer is 5.52%.Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in this coated release-controlled urea nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 45 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled urea is 45 days.
Used fertilizer releasing period is the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of 45d among this embodiment, and its preparation method is as follows:
1. with the urea (content of N is 46%) of 35kg, the calcium superphosphate (P of 40kg
2O
5Content be 18%), 25kg Repone K (K
2The content of O is 60%) make the composite fertilizer that diameter is 1mm-2mm through mixing granulation again.
2. get polyethylene 3 weight parts, polypropylene 2.8 weight parts, polystyrene 0.8 weight part and talcum powder 0.7 weight part and join in the kautschin solvent of 100 weight parts, be heated to 145 ℃ and make the macromolecular material dissolving, form covering liquid; Be coated in the above-mentioned composite fertilizer of 125 weight parts by high pressure spray nozzle, obtain described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer, the coating rate of this fertilizer is 5.52%.
Leave standstill the testing method of soaking test portion according to what provide among the GB/T23348-2009 at 25 ℃ of waters, recording in the coated release-controlled composite fertilizer of this ternary nitrogen nutrient, to discharge 80% used fate be 45 days, and promptly the fertilizer releasing period of this coated release-controlled composite fertilizer is 45 days.
Claims (10)
1. nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling comprises each components of following parts by weight:
The peat composed of rotten mosses: 10-70, vermiculite: 10-50, perlite: 2-30, mushroom residue: 0-25, crushing straw: 0-25, coated release-controlled urea: 1-10, coated release-controlled composite fertilizer: 1-10.
2. substrate block according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described nutrient slowly-released type vegetable seedling substrate is made up of each component of following parts by weight:
The peat composed of rotten mosses: 10-70, vermiculite: 10-50, perlite: 2-30, mushroom residue: 0-25, crushing straw: 0-25, coated release-controlled urea: 1-10, coated release-controlled composite fertilizer: 1-10.
3. substrate block according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the parts by weight of each component are as follows in the described nutrient slowly-released type vegetable seedling substrate:
The peat composed of rotten mosses: 50, vermiculite: 20, perlite: 5, mushroom residue: 10, crushing straw: 5, coated release-controlled urea: 5, coated release-controlled composite fertilizer: 5.
4. according to the arbitrary described substrate block of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: in the described coated release-controlled urea, fertilizer releasing period is 30 days-100 days, and nitrogen content is 38%-44%, preferred 42%.
5. according to the arbitrary described substrate block of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: in the described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer, fertilizer releasing period is 30 days-100 days, N, P
2O
5, K
2The quality percentage composition ratio of O is 0-30: 0-30: 0-30, and described N, P
2O
5, K
2Among the O at the most one quality percentage composition be 0.
6. according to the arbitrary described substrate block of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling is cylindrical piece or square piece, and the top of described cylindrical piece or described square piece is provided with at least one depression.
7. substrate block according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described depression be shaped as cylinder shape, the diameter of described depression is 0.5cm-5cm, the height of described depression is 0.5cm-5cm, the number of described depression is 1-3;
When described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling was cylindrical piece, the diameter of described cylindrical piece was 1cm-10cm, and height is 1cm-10cm;
When described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling was the square piece, the length of described square piece was 1cm-10cm, and wide is 1cm-10cm, and height is 1cm-10cm.
8. method for preparing the arbitrary described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling of claim 1-7, comprise the steps: the described peat composed of rotten mosses, described vermiculite, described perlite, described mushroom residue, described crushing straw, behind described coated release-controlled urea and the described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer mixing, obtain the arbitrary described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling of claim 1-5, then the arbitrary described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling of claim 1-5 is pressed into described cylindrical piece or described square piece, obtains claim 6 or 7 described nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling; The top of described cylindrical piece or described square piece is provided with at least-individual depression;
The parts by weight of each component are as follows in the described nutrient slowly-released type vegetable seedling substrate:
The peat composed of rotten mosses: 10-70, vermiculite: 10-50, perlite: 2-30, mushroom residue: 0-25, crushing straw: 0-25, coated release-controlled urea: 1-10, coated release-controlled composite fertilizer: 1-10.
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the parts by weight of each component are as follows in the described nutrient slowly-released type vegetable seedling substrate:
The peat composed of rotten mosses: 50, vermiculite: 20, perlite: 5, mushroom residue: 10, crushing straw: 5, coated release-controlled urea: 5, coated release-controlled composite fertilizer: 5.
10. according to Claim 8 or 9 described methods, it is characterized in that: in the described coated release-controlled urea, fertilizer releasing period is 30 days-100 days, and nitrogen content is 38%-44%, preferred 42%; With,
In the described coated release-controlled composite fertilizer, fertilizer releasing period is 30 days-100 days, N, P
2O
5, K
2The quality percentage composition ratio of O is 0-30: 0-30: 0-30, and described N, P
2O
5, K
2Among the O at the most one quality percentage composition be 0.
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| CN201010112173A CN101781155A (en) | 2010-02-11 | 2010-02-11 | Nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010112173A CN101781155A (en) | 2010-02-11 | 2010-02-11 | Nutrient slowly-released type substrate block for vegetable seedling |
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| CN101781155A true CN101781155A (en) | 2010-07-21 |
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| CN106106079A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of fruits and vegetables of greenhouse implantation methods of multiple-unit organic substrate |
| CN109258399A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-25 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of screening technique of highly effective water-keeping matrix and application |
| CN110338048A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-18 | 广东胜天农业工程有限公司 | A kind of soilless culture method of cherry and tomato |
| CN111374027A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-07 | 广东石油化工学院 | Compound culture medium for pepper seedling culture mushroom residues |
| CN111972257A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-24 | 四川省立枫禾田生态科技有限公司 | Plastic horticultural cultivation medium and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN113692939A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-26 | 中国农业大学 | Seedling protection nutrient body of carbon-based organic fertilizer |
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| CN106035024A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-10-26 | 南通科技职业学院 | West pumpkin plug seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109258399A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-25 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of screening technique of highly effective water-keeping matrix and application |
| CN110338048A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-18 | 广东胜天农业工程有限公司 | A kind of soilless culture method of cherry and tomato |
| CN110338048B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2022-01-14 | 广东胜天农业工程有限公司 | Soilless culture method for cherry tomatoes |
| CN111374027A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-07 | 广东石油化工学院 | Compound culture medium for pepper seedling culture mushroom residues |
| CN111972257A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-24 | 四川省立枫禾田生态科技有限公司 | Plastic horticultural cultivation medium and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112655393A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-16 | 湖南省园艺研究所 | Simple, rapid and efficient citrus seedling breeding method based on soil building |
| CN113692939A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-26 | 中国农业大学 | Seedling protection nutrient body of carbon-based organic fertilizer |
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