CN109566287A - A kind of rhodiola seedling method on scale - Google Patents
A kind of rhodiola seedling method on scale Download PDFInfo
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- CN109566287A CN109566287A CN201811569835.3A CN201811569835A CN109566287A CN 109566287 A CN109566287 A CN 109566287A CN 201811569835 A CN201811569835 A CN 201811569835A CN 109566287 A CN109566287 A CN 109566287A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of rhodiola method for culturing seedlings, it is the following steps are included: a, seedbed preparation: building seedling shed, seedbed, matrix is wherein used on seedbed；B, rhodiola seed is taken, is sowed；C, growth period seedbed management；D, hardening, transplanting crop field.Method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, rhodiola seed emergence rate is high, growing way is good, and the hardening time is short, plant adaptability is good, and the rhodiola seedling yield of acquisition is high, good quality, has good application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Tibetan medicine cultivation fields, and in particular to a kind of rhodiola seedling method on scale.
Background technique
Rhodiola Rhodiola crenulata (HK.f.et Thoms.) H.Ohba is that Crassulaceae rhodiola is more
Year raw herbaceous plant, is distributed mainly on Tibet, northwestern Yunnan Province, 2800-5600 meters of western Sichuan of high mountain ruckle and crack of stone
In.Rhodiola rhodioloside rich in, flavones, multivitamin and microelement, also containing necessary to organism
17 kinds of amino acid are known as " plateau ginseng ", are the root of kirilow rhodiola medicinal materials uniquely included in national 2015 editions pharmacopeia.Studies have shown that
Rhodiola has the multiple efficacies such as anti anoxia, antifatigue, antiviral and antitumor, and exploitation prospect is very wide.
Since rhodiola has splendid medical value, market sharply rises to the demand of rhodiola, often
The demand in year has reached 1000 tons, so that the wild resource amount on distribution ground gradually decreases and the distribution of resource height above sea level increases year by year,
Acquisition difficulty continues to increase.And the demand in market is only not only unable to satisfy by picking wild resource, it even results at root of kirilow rhodiola
In endangered edge.If if the later period still relies solely on wild excavation, using rhodiola medicinal material as the pharmacy of raw material
Enterprise will sink into the available condition of no medicine, this will be havoc for root of kirilow rhodiola demand class pharmacy corporation, also be unfavorable for red
The continual exploitation of red-spotted stonecrop class medicinal material utilizes.
To meet the ever-increasing market demand and the sharply wild resource of reduction, artificial growth rhodiola gesture is must
Row.But since rhodiola growth conditions is more special, to be not only grown in High aititude region, and percentage of seedgermination it is low,
Slow growth, artificial breeding difficulty are larger, it is difficult to realize large-scale planting.In order to promote the exploitation benefit of rhodiola resource
With there is an urgent need to develop efficient rhodiola seed seedling-raising methods.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high survival rates, rhodiola seedling method on scale best in quality.
The present invention provides a kind of rhodiola method for culturing seedlings, comprising the following steps:
A, seedbed preparation: building seedling shed, seedbed, matrix is wherein used on seedbed, the matrix is by comprising following weight
The raw material of proportion is prepared:
35~50 parts of coco bran, 15~30 parts of decomposed cow dung, corn stover 15-25 parts decomposed, 5~10 parts of perlite, vermiculite 5
~10 parts；
B, rhodiola seed is taken, is sowed；
C, growth period seedbed management；
D, hardening, transplanting crop field.
Wherein, in step a: the matrix is by being prepared comprising the raw material that following weight matches: 35~50 parts of coco bran,
15~30 parts of decomposed cow dung, corn stover 15-25 parts decomposed, 5~10 parts of perlite, 5~10 parts of vermiculite, N fertile 1 part, P fertilizer 1.5
Part, 2 parts, 1 part of streptomyces microflavus of K fertilizer.
The N fertile (nitrogenous fertilizer) is in terms of N；P fertilizer (phosphate fertilizer) is with P2O5Meter；K fertilizer (potash fertilizer) is with K2O meter.
Wherein, in step a: the matrix is by being prepared comprising the raw material that following weight matches: 35~40 parts of coco bran,
25~30 parts of decomposed cow dung, corn stover 20-25 parts decomposed, 5~10 parts of perlite, 5~10 parts of vermiculite, N fertile 1 part, P fertilizer 1.5
Part, 2 parts, 1 part of streptomyces microflavus of K fertilizer.
Wherein, the matrix is that the raw material comprising following weight proportion is prepared:
40 parts of coco bran, 25 parts of decomposed cow dung, 25 parts of decomposed corn stover, 5 parts of perlite, 5 parts of vermiculite, 1 part of N fertilizer, P fertilizer
1.5 parts, 2 parts, 1 part of streptomyces microflavus of K fertilizer.
Wherein, the matrix also contains 2 parts of potassium humate.
Wherein, in step a: matrix with a thickness of 30-50cm.
Wherein, in step b: measurement rhodiola seed germination percentage is sowed according to every square of germination 300-800 seedling；
Preferably, according to the germination 500 seedlings sowing of every squares theory.
Wherein, it when sowing, after seed and fine sand are mixed according to the ratio of 1:5-10, is sown on nursery bed substrate.
Fine sand: the sand sieved with 100 mesh sieve for partial size.
Wherein, in step c: the seedbed management includes temperature, liquid manure, illumination, thinning and prevention and treatment pest management.
Wherein, in step d: the hardening is at branch quantity >=3, seedling height >=3cm, rhizome diameter >=1cm
Start
Method for culturing seedlings provided by the invention is combined with specific nursery parameter by specific matrix, can effectively be protected
Card rhodiola is grown under control environment, and the seedling uniformity of incubation is high, healthy and strong, pest and disease damage is few, high survival rate, to have
Effect improves the nursery yield and quality of rhodiola；And the method for the present invention can guarantee that seed is evenly distributed, in addition rationally
The mode of thinning guarantees that big seedling is uniformly distributed, and without carrying out the seedling separation operation such as transplanting during entire nursery, not only avoids pair
Seedlings root damages, and human cost and management cost is greatly saved, and has good application value.
Obviously, above content according to the present invention is not being departed from according to the ordinary technical knowledge and customary means of this field
Under the premise of the above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the present invention, the modification, replacement or change of other diversified forms can also be made.
The specific embodiment of form by the following examples remakes further specifically above content of the invention
It is bright.But the range that this should not be interpreted as to the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to example below.It is all to be based on above content of the present invention
The technology realized all belongs to the scope of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It is described further below with embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
The raw material that the present invention uses includes that coco bran, decomposed cow dung, decomposed corn stover, perlite, vermiculite etc. can be purchase
Commercial product is bought, can also prepare or make by oneself according to literature procedure.Each ingredient obtains by the following method in the present invention:
Coco bran: purchased from the Guangzhou agriculture Co., Ltd of raw liter.PH value is 5.5-6.5, and pellet diameter is 0-6mm, conductance
Rate is less than 0.5ds/m, is soaked stand-by, be soaked method: coco bran brick being put into corresponding big container, and the water of sufficient amount is added, is allowed
Coco bran brick impregnates in water until expansion completely, pouring out extra water can be used directly.
Decomposed cow dung preparation method: after the cow dung of water content 65-75% is crushed with pulverizer according to the weight ratio of 3:1 with
After mixing, cattle and sheep manure fermentation microbial inoculum is uniformly sprinkling upon thereon for the stalk section of 1-3cm long, turns over throwing uniformly, and adjustment mixture contains
Water is 50-60%, and judgment method is to be firmly grasped material with hand and there are no water and seep to drip, and material of loosing one's grip can scatter, fermentation body is piled
Semicircle is spherical, and heap body covers insulation quilt and carries out heat preservation acceleration fermentation when temperature is low, carries out a turning to heap body at interval of 3 days,
Windrow no longer heat up and loose at fermentation 15-20 days, and when brown color ferments completion.
Decomposed corn stover preparation method: brown sugar 2kg is added in pure water 20kg, is heated to brown sugar and dissolves, is down to water temperature
Straw decomposing inoculant 1 is added after 35 DEG C to wrap, stirs evenly and seals.Decomposing agent activates after 5 days, by corn stover pulverizer powder
It is broken into the segment that length is 1-3cm, then stalk is watered with river water, is irrigated, control stalk water content is 55-65%, will be swashed
The straw decomposing inoculant lived uniformly is sprinkling upon stalk surface, is turned one time with tools such as spades, piles wide 2 meters, 1.5 meters high, length
Unlimited strip, is covered tightly with insulation quilt.Stalk heap body more just starts to collapse 1/3-1/2 after turning in 7 days 1 time, fermentation 15 days,
Stalk becomes brown or dark brown, and with soft and flexible for hand when wet, very crisp when dry to be easily broken, stalk fermentation is complete at this time
At.
Cattle and sheep manure fermentation microbial inoculum: every gram of living bacteria count >=1,000,000,000 are purchased from Henan Yue Bao Biotechnology Co., Ltd.Stalk
Decomposing agent: every gram of living bacteria count >=6,000,000,000 are purchased from Luoyang Ou Kebaike Bioisystech Co., Ltd.Streptomyces microflavus: also referred to as
For 5406 antibiotic bacterias, every gram of living bacteria count >=1,000,000,000 are purchased from Qingdao seashore great Mei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.Perlite: grain
Diameter is 3-6mm, is purchased from Guomei Gardening Tech Co., Ltd., Zhejiang.Vermiculite: partial size 3-6mm is purchased from Guomei Gardening Tech Co., Ltd., Zhejiang.
Urea: total nitrogen >=46% is purchased from Yunnan Yuntianhua Co., Ltd..Agriculture grade calcium superphosphate: effective P2O5>=16%, it is purchased from
Yunnan Nong Chu chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd；Agriculture grade potassium sulfate: potassium oxide >=52% throws the new Lop Nur Strong sylvite Limited Liability purchased from state
Company；Potassium humate, content of humic acid >=70%, potassium oxide >=8%, purchased from Pingxiang City laterite humic acid Co., Ltd.
The preparation of the seedling medium of the present invention of embodiment 1
Seedling medium of the present invention the preparation method is as follows:
40kg coco bran is taken, 25kg decomposed cow dung, the decomposed corn stover of 25kg, 5kg perlite, 5kg vermiculite is uniformly mixed, then
Agriculture grade calcium superphosphate, the 4kg agricultural grade potassium sulfate of urea 2.14kg, 9.4kg are added with spray-on process, adds the thin of 0.1kg
Yellow streptomycete.
The rhodiola method for culturing seedlings of the invention of embodiment 2
One, seedling shed and seedbed preparation
Seedling shed is built, seedbed is set on the soil in seedling shed, the high 10cm in seedbed, wide 1m, long 2m do width between seedbed
Soil of the furrow ridge of 40cm, high 30cm as aisle, in smooth seedbed.
1. seedbed is laid with anti-meadow cloth
It is covered in seedbed bottom and surrounding furrow ridge land used cloth, for anti-grass and prevents from pricking too deep bonding under seedling root system largely
Soil.
2. matrix is loaded in seedbed
Prepared rhodiola special seedling substrate (the i.e. nursery base of the preparation of embodiment 1 or 2 is loaded on seedbed
Matter), it with a thickness of 50mm, is watered by the way of spray to matrix after the completion of filling, water content of substrate reaches 90%.
Two, seed sows pre-treatment
1. measurement germination number: it is carried out by the way of culture dish, method particularly includes: pad one layer of filter in culture dish bottom
Paper takes wait sow sub- 0.02g, is uniformly placed on filter paper, and clear water infiltrates filter paper.3 repetitions are taken altogether, are placed in incubator and are trained
It supports, culture midway pays attention to keeping filter paper wet, its germinating capacity and germination quantity are measured after 15 days, calculates the reason of every gram of seed
By emergence quantity.
Although calculating seed dosage according to theoretical number of emerging, in the practical growth course of rhodiola, planted
Soil, moisture, nutriment, temperature etc. influence, and emergence rate can reduce.
2. calculating seed dosage: calculating the theory on guaranteeing every square of matrix according to the determination data of germination number and go out
Seed dosage when 500 seedling of seedling, and increase by 10% dosage on this basis.
3. seed soaking: after 0.1% carbendazim and 0.1% Bravo mixed liquor seed soaking 10-15min, being cleaned with flowing water
It drains away the water after seed.
Three, it sows
Seed and fine sand are gently agitated for after being thoroughly mixed according to the ratio of 1:10, uniform broadcasting on nursery bed substrate,
Then spraying clear water with sprayer comes into full contact with seed with matrix.After the completion of seed broadcasting according to seedbed size on seedling bed
Small plastic shed (high 50cm, wide 1m, long 2m) is built for keeping the temperature, accelerating the speed of emergence of rhodiola seed and improving emergence in side
Uniformity.
Four, growth period seedbed management
On the basis of simulating natural condition, improvement temperature, illumination etc. create good conditions for rhodiola growth.
Specific way to manage is as follows:
1. temperature management:
Temperature of shed mainly passes through sunshade net, side form ventilation, Small plastic shed canopy film and heat preservation and is controlled, April to September kind
Son sowing to 2 leaf phase seedbed temperature control is 15-35 DEG C, and 2 leaves to 6 leaf phase seedbed temperature are 10-30 DEG C, 6 leaves to branch phase temperature
Degree control is 10-25 DEG C；It is 5-25 DEG C that October to next year seedling in March, which is in branch phase control seedbed temperature,.
2. illumination management:
April is to September: intensity of illumination is continuously improved with seedling early growth, and Small plastic shed is not necessarily to open before seed is sprouted, and small
The sunshade net of 70% shading rate is covered on builder's temporary shed, while seedling raising greenhouse sunshade net is unfolded, and daylight strength control is 3000Lx
Below.Seedling sprout after to 2 leaf phases, the sunshade net of 70% shading rate is changed to the sunshade net of 30% shading rate on Small plastic shed, and
Seedling raising greenhouse sunshade net is unfolded in morning 9:30~10:00,17:30~18:00 closes sunshade net, daylight intensity in the afternoon
Control is 5000-15000Lx；2 leaf phases to the branch phase, remove the sunshade net of 30% shading rate of Small plastic shed, and morning 8:30~
Seedling raising greenhouse sunshade net is unfolded in 9:00, and 18:30~19:00 closes seedling raising greenhouse sunshade net, daylight strength control in the afternoon
For 8000-20000Lx；March October to next year: seedling raising greenhouse sunshade net is unfolded in morning 10:00~11:00 in branch phase seedling,
16:30~17:00 closes seedling raising greenhouse sunshade net in the afternoon, and is kept the temperature in 18 points of closing seedling raising greenhouse insulation quilts, daytime
Intensity of illumination control is 5000-20000Lx.
3. water management:
To 2 leaf phases, Small plastic shed canopy film is not opened for sowing, is watered 1 time within every 7 days, and watering mode is that sprayer uniformly sprays, and is protected
Card medium of seedling bed is by the state for being pressed with water exudation；2 leaf phases to 6 leaf phases, Small plastic shed canopy film is all opened, and is watered 1 time within every 5 days, is poured
Water mode is that sprayer uniformly sprays, and matrix keeps " semi-wet " state of " holding is agglomerating, and landing dissipates "；6 leaf phases and with
Afterwards, it waters 1 time within every 7 days, watering mode is to pour hydraulic giant with 1000 mesh to spray, and matrix keeps the state of " semi-wet ".
4. fertilizer management:
Without fertilizing operation before the 2 leaf phase of rhodiola seedling；It is sprayed in the form of foliar fertilizer within every 15 days after 2 leaf phases
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor 1 time of the urea of 0.5-1% and 0.1-0.2%, sprayed in the form of foliar fertilizer within every 30 days in it is micro
Element fertilizer 1 time, dose are every square metre of 0.1L fertilizer solution, which is to assist the supplement matrix source of manure.
5. prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management:
The disease control of progress in every 30 days, with 500 times of liquid of Bravo, 500 times of liquid of carbendazim, thiram 500 times of liquid, agricultures
It is prevented and treated with 1000 times of liquid of streptomysin；Mostly based on aphid, bradysia odoriphaga, aphid is killed with 1000 times of liquid of imidacloprid for insect pest,
Bradysia odoriphaga carries out pouring root killing with 1000 times of liquid of nicotine matrine.
6. thinning management:
Seedling it is long to 6 leaf phase when thinning carried out to overstocked seedling, and by the kind transplantation of seedlings gone out a base less to seedling
In matter, it is watered with root water, guarantees its transplanting survival rate.
Five, hardening phase seedbed management
Rhodiola seedling grade reaches branch quantity >=3, seedling height >=3cm, seedling when rhizome diameter >=1cm
Hardening of the being allowed for access phase.The seedling hardening phase gradually increases the intensity of illumination of seedling bed and makes seedling bed temperatures approach in shifting after starting
Crop field temperature is planted, reduces the watering frequency to seeing that dry watering, fertilizer and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management are consistent with growth period.
Six, transplantation of seedlings crop field is planted
By the rhodiola seedling carrying substrates selection cloudy day by 2 weeks hardenings or transplant tomorrow morning to crop field to be planted
In, crop field to be planted is erected with the sunshade net that shading rate is 75%, and root water is watered with after the completion of transplanting, is paid attention to during grown in field
Watering.
Illustrate beneficial effects of the present invention with the mode of test example below:
The example that test example 1 carries out rhodiola nursery using the method for the present invention
Seedling raise period: on March 27th, 2018；
Nursery place: the area Ba Yi, Linzhi city, Tibet Autonomous Region changes over to new ways Monba national countryside, Tibet medicine company medicinal material planting base；
Seedlings growing area: 4m2；
Nursery seed and source: the wild rhodiola seed in Tibet Autonomous Region, Dangxiong County, Lhasa Yangbajing town, acquisition
People: 5 ancestrals；
Nursery amount: 0.43g；
Method for culturing seedlings: carrying out according to the method for embodiment 2, and the seedling medium used is matrix prepared by embodiment 1.
Data statistics: germinative number: 103 plants/0.02g, sowing quantity 0.43g, it is contemplated that 2200 plants of output of seedling, practical output of seedling
1976 plants, emergence rate 89.8%.It survives 1829 plants after 6 months, survival rate 96.8%, seedling branch average 7.3, seedling root
Stem diameter is 1.36cm.
The screening test of the seedling medium of the present invention of test example 2
Test site of the present invention is that the area Ba Yi, Tibet Autonomous Region Linzhi city changes over to new ways Monba national countryside, the plantation of Tibet medicine company medicinal material
Base.
One, the screening of basic seedling medium
Inventor compares the component and dosage of different seedling mediums in same seedling shed, and only seedling medium is not
With outer, method for culturing seedlings of other processing with embodiment 2.
Totally 9 kinds of nursery base matrix, the test area of every kind of matrix are 5 ㎡, sow seed 0.54g.
The composition of each matrix is as follows:
No. 1 base matrix: 50kg coco bran, 15kg decomposed cow dung, the decomposed corn stover of 15kg, 10kg perlite, 10kg are taken
Vermiculite is uniformly mixed.
No. 2 base matrix: 50kg coco bran, 25kg decomposed cow dung, the decomposed corn stover of 15kg, 5kg perlite, 5kg leech are taken
Stone is uniformly mixed.
No. 3 base matrix: 50kg coco bran, 15kg decomposed cow dung, the decomposed corn stover of 25kg, 5kg perlite, 5kg leech are taken
Stone is uniformly mixed.
No. 4 base matrix: 40kg coco bran, 25kg decomposed cow dung, the decomposed corn stover of 25kg, 5kg perlite, 5kg leech are taken
Stone is uniformly mixed.
No. 5 base matrix: 35kg coco bran, 30kg decomposed cow dung, the decomposed corn stover of 25kg, 5kg perlite, 5kg leech are taken
Stone is uniformly mixed.
No. 6 base matrix: 35kg coco bran, 25kg decomposed cow dung, the decomposed corn stover of 20kg, 10kg perlite, 10kg are taken
Vermiculite is uniformly mixed.
No. 7 base matrix: 50kg coco bran, 25kg perlite, 25kg vermiculite is taken to be uniformly mixed.
No. 8 base matrix: 50kg decomposed cow dung, 10kg perlite, 10kg vermiculite is taken to be uniformly mixed.
No. 9 base matrix: 50kg is taken to inhale water saturated turfy soil (Klasmann TS1), 25kg perlite, 25kg vermiculite
It is uniformly mixed that (base matrix is once public in the patent application for the Publication No. CN 107371528A that the applicant applies early period
It opens).
Nursery the results are shown in Table 1.
Seedling survival rate (6 months): refer to the ratio between survival number of the seedling in matrix after 6 months and germinative number.
The nursery effect of 19 kinds of base matrix of table compares
As shown in Table 1, long to the seeding ratio and seedling of rhodiola using 1-6 base matrix of the invention
Gesture overall performance is more preferable, and especially with No. 4 base matrix, the root of kirilow rhodiola seedling survival rate through 6 months growth periods is higher, branch
More, growing way is good.The effect of base matrix of the present invention is better than disclosed No. 9 base matrix, better than in No. 9 basis up-regulations
Whole 7 obtained, No. 8 matrix.
No. 9 base matrix effects are not as good as the present invention, thus it is speculated that are since its formula can not supply fertilizer source, during seedling early growth
Only outer fertilising source, utilization rate of fertilizer is lower and fertilizer efficiency is not sufficiently stable, and can not enduringly provide caused by fertility seedling.And this hair
Bright matrix formulations, which are capable of providing, stablizes lasting fertilizer efficiency, and therefore, rhodiola emergence rate and kind transplantation of seedlings survival rate are higher, kind
Seedling growing way is more prosperous.
Two, the determination of seedling medium
Adding ingredient on the basis of determining base matrix, further increases nursery effect.
The composition of each seedling medium is as follows:
Number 1: 40kg coco bran, 25kg decomposed cow dung, the decomposed corn stover of 25kg, 5kg perlite, the mixing of 5kg vermiculite are taken
Uniformly, then with spray-on process urea 2.14kg is added, the agriculture grade calcium superphosphate of 9.4kg is added, 4kg agricultural grade potassium sulfate is added.
Number 2: 40kg coco bran, 25kg decomposed cow dung, the decomposed corn stover of 25kg, 5kg perlite, the mixing of 5kg vermiculite are taken
Uniformly, the streptomyces microflavus of 0.1kg is added.
Number 3: 40kg coco bran, 25kg decomposed cow dung, the decomposed corn stover of 25kg, 5kg perlite, the mixing of 5kg vermiculite are taken
Uniformly, then with spray-on process urea 2.14kg is added, the agriculture grade calcium superphosphate of 9.4kg is added, 4kg agricultural grade potassium sulfate is added,
Add the streptomyces microflavus of 0.1kg.
Number 4: 40kg coco bran, 25kg decomposed cow dung, the decomposed corn stover of 25kg, 5kg perlite, the mixing of 5kg vermiculite are taken
Uniformly, then with spray-on process urea 2.14kg is added, the agriculture grade calcium superphosphate of 9.4kg is added, 4kg agricultural grade potassium sulfate is added,
The streptomyces microflavus of 0.1kg is added, the potassium humate for adding 2kg is uniformly mixed.
Number 5: 50kg is taken to inhale water saturated turfy soil (Klasmann TS1), 25kg perlite, the mixing of 25kg vermiculite
Even, the potassium humate of streptomyces microflavus, 2kg that 0.1kg is added is uniformly mixed.
Nursery the results are shown in Table 2.
The effect of the final seedling medium of table 2 compares
As shown in Table 2, when being only added with chemical fertilizer or streptomyces microflavus in preferred base matrix, to big premium scape
Its emergence rate or seedling branch quantity have an impact, when the two is added simultaneously according to special ratios (number 3), emergence rate and seedling
Survival rate, branch quantity, seedling rhizome diameter are significantly increased, and seedling is more healthy and stronger, adaptable, can enter hardening as early as possible
Phase simultaneously shortens the hardening time, is more suitable for transplanting.
According to early-stage study, although the performance when being used for seedling rearing room nursery of the formula of number 5 preferably, is educated applied to seedbed
Miao Shi, emergence rate have decline, and seedling survival rate improves instead, but are integrally not so good as matrix of the present invention in seedling quantity and quality
Formula.
To sum up, method for culturing seedlings provided by the invention, through particular substrate in conjunction with nursery parameter, seeding ratio is high, strong
It is strong, growing way is good, the hardening time is short, and the rhodiola seedling yield of acquisition is high, good quality, has good popularization and application valence
Value.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of rhodiola method for culturing seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
A, seedbed preparation: building seedling shed, seedbed, matrix is wherein used on seedbed, the matrix is by matching comprising following weight
Raw material be prepared:
35~50 parts of coco bran, 15~30 parts of decomposed cow dung, corn stover 15-25 parts decomposed, 5~10 parts of perlite, vermiculite 5~10
Part；
B, rhodiola seed is taken, is sowed；
C, growth period seedbed management；
D, hardening, transplanting crop field.
2. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step a:
The matrix is by being prepared comprising the raw material that following weight matches: 35~50 parts of coco bran, 15~30 parts of decomposed cow dung,
Decomposed corn stover 15-25 parts, 5~10 parts of perlite, 5~10 parts of vermiculite, 1 part of N fertilizer, 1.5 parts of P fertilizer, 2 parts of K fertilizer, thin yellow strepto-
1 part of bacterium.
3. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in step a:
The matrix is by being prepared comprising the raw material that following weight matches: 35~40 parts of coco bran, 25~30 parts of decomposed cow dung,
Decomposed corn stover 20-25 parts, 5~10 parts of perlite, 5~10 parts of vermiculite, 1 part of N fertilizer, 1.5 parts of P fertilizer, 2 parts of K fertilizer, thin yellow strepto-
1 part of bacterium.
4. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the matrix is comprising following weight
The raw material of proportion is prepared:
40 parts of coco bran, 25 parts of decomposed cow dung, 25 parts of decomposed corn stover, 5 parts of perlite, 5 parts of vermiculite, N are 1 part fertile, P is 1.5 parts fertile,
2 parts, 1 part of streptomyces microflavus of K fertilizer.
5. method for culturing seedlings according to any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that the matrix also contains potassium humate
2 parts.
6. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step a: matrix with a thickness of 30-50cm.
7. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step b: measurement rhodiola seed germination
Rate is sowed according to every square of germination 300-800 seedling；
Preferably, according to the germination 500 seedlings sowing of every squares theory.
8. method for culturing seedlings described in -7 any one according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when sowing, seed and fine sand are pressed
After the ratio mixing of 1:5-10, it is sown on nursery bed substrate.
9. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step c: the seedbed management includes temperature, water
Fertilizer, illumination, thinning and prevention and treatment pest management.
10. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step d: the hardening is in branch quantity >=3
A, seedling height >=3cm, when rhizome diameter >=1cm, starts.
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| CN115968886A (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-04-18 | 西藏诺迪康药业股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly rhodiola crenulata seed coating agent and coating method in Qinghai-Tibet plateau area |
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