WO2015042800A1

WO2015042800A1 - Self-water absorption truffle and preparation method and use thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2015042800A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/084189
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张小奇
Original assignee: 山东正汉生物科技股份有限责任公司
Priority date: 2013-09-25
Filing date: 2013-09-25
Publication date: 2015-04-02

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a self-water absorption truffle, wherein the shape of the truffle is square or rectangular, characterized in that, the truffle has a basin-shaped concave surface, wherein the basin-shaped concave surface can be circular, oval, square or rectangular. The truffle of the present invention can achieve self-water absorption during an artificial mushroom propagation process, thus overcoming the problems of no fruiting or a rotten mushroom bag, inferior mushrooms, waste mushrooms or the like which are present during pressurized injection-water supplementing and immersion-water supplementing of the prior art, and being able to achieve a convenient, accurate, high-quality and efficient and quantitative supply of water, thus greatly saving costs and reducing economic losses, with a broad application prospect and popularization value in the field of artificially propagating mushrooms.

Description

Self-absorbing bacteria block and preparation method and application thereof

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungi cultivation, in particular to a self-water-absorbing bacteria block and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique

With the improvement of people's lives, edible mushroom has become a common ingredient on the table of the people, and its market demand is huge. The edible mushroom has a delicious taste and is a large variety of edible and medicinal products in various countries in the world. It has become a daily health food for human beings and is extremely popular in domestic and foreign markets. China is the world's largest producer, exporter and consumer of edible mushroom. With the promotion and popularization of mushroom cultivation technology, the production of mushroom in China has been unprecedentedly improved.

Artificial cultivation of mushrooms requires the filling of nutrients (wood chips, wheat bran, rice bran, corn flour, etc.) into containers. This container is generally a non-toxic plastic bag. This plastic bag with a nutrient substrate is called a mushroom bag. The long cylindrical body, generally 8-15 cm in diameter and 20-60 cm in length, is called a mushroom rod or a fungus tube; it can also be pressed into a square shape, which is called a mushroom block. It may have a length of 20-30 cm, a width of 10-20 cm, and a thickness of 10-15 cm. Every time a batch of mushrooms is finished, the bacteria sticks or bacteria will lose water, and maintaining the necessary moisture is a prerequisite for ensuring the normal growth of the mushrooms. Therefore, it is necessary to replenish water to re-form the mushroom. This process generally needs to be repeated 3-4 times or more. At present, in the process of artificially cultivating mushrooms, the following two methods are usually used to replenish the bacteria rods or bacteria blocks: (1) Pressurized injection type hydration: pressurized injection and hydration with a special water injector; (2) immersion and hydration: The bacteria stick or the mushroom block is moved into the soaking pool for hydration. And because of the water absorption of each stick or mass The speed varies greatly. Under the same time and the same water pressure, the water absorption is not the same. The operator can not realize the quantitative water supply to the bacteria rod or the bacteria. Therefore, the water supply weight cannot be determined and the water is supplemented by the above two kinds of water supply methods. Serious problems such as excessive or insufficient water supply, and when soaking and hydrating, it is necessary to move the bacteria bar or the lower part of the fungus into the soaking pool to replenish water. Excessive hydration will result in no mushroom or rotten bag. If the hydration is insufficient, it will cause a large number of defective mushrooms and waste mushrooms, which will cause major economic losses. It can be seen that the development of a convenient, accurate, high-quality and efficient quantitative hydration method has become the primary problem to be solved in the field of mushroom cultivation. Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a new method of hydrating artificially cultivating mushrooms, that is, a self-water absorbing method. By adopting the hydration method of the invention, it is only necessary to add a certain amount of water to the concave surface of the mushroom block on the cultivation frame, and the bacteria block can naturally absorb water without moving the bacteria block, thereby realizing convenient, accurate and efficient quantitative water supply, and comprehensively solving The problems and deficiencies in the existing hydration methods.

The object of the invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

In one aspect, the invention provides a novel, concave shaped mass.

Preferably, the concave surface is a basin-shaped concave surface.

In one embodiment, the microbial mass may have a concave surface of one or more sides, and preferably, the surface is round, elliptical, square or rectangular.

Further preferably, the basin-shaped concave surface is a rectangular shape, and the size thereof may be, for example, a length.

10-56 cm, width 5-46 cm, thickness 2-8 cm; preferably, length 26 cm, width 11 cm, thickness 2 cm.

In another embodiment, the shape of the bacterium block may be a square shape or a rectangular shape, and the size thereof may be, for example, a length of 20-60 cm, a width of 10-50 cm, and a thickness of 4-25 cm; Preferably, the shape of the mushroom block is rectangular, and its size is 30 cm in length, 15 cm in width, and 7 cm in thickness.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of preparing the above-described concave shaped mass, the method comprising: removing a plastic bag outside the bacteria bag, and pressing it into a concave piece having the concave surface by mechanical pressing.

Preferably, the mechanical pressing method is a briquetting press method. The briquetting machine is composed of a mold, a briquetting machine table, a rivet, a motor and an attachment which are adapted to the shape of the concave slab. The specific pressing process is as follows: the bacteria bag is removed from the plastic bag and placed in the mold, and the motor is driven to rotate the rod to generate a pressing force to be extruded in the mold, and then the mold piece formed in the mold is taken out, thereby obtaining the said A fungus block with a concave surface.

In still another aspect, the present invention also provides the use of the above-described concave shaped mass in artificially cultivating a mushroom.

Preferably, the mushroom is a mushroom.

When the mushroom block of the invention is used for artificial cultivation of the mushroom, only a certain amount of water is added to the concave surface, and the bacteria block can naturally absorb water without causing excessive hydration or insufficient water supply, and the whole hydrating process There is no need to move the bacteria.

In one embodiment, the amount of water added to the concave surface of the bacterial mass can be determined based on the weight of the bacterial mass. For example, 20-80% of the weight of the fungus can be added to the concave surface.

Preferably, 40% of the weight of the fungus can be added to the concave surface. Advantages of the invention:

The inventors have unexpectedly found that the hydration method of the present invention has the following four advantages over the existing two methods of pressurized injection type hydration and immersion hydration:

1, can reduce labor intensity; 2, can improve the efficiency of one to three times or more;

3, can avoid the phenomenon of no mushroom and rotten bag caused by excessive water injection;

4. It can avoid the appearance of a large number of waste mushrooms and secondary mushrooms that are not valuable due to insufficient water supply. The invention will be exemplified below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following description is merely illustrative of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical solutions. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the claims. DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a self-water-absorbing bacterium block prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. detailed description

The following is an explanation of the terminology of the present invention:

"Nutrition substrate": nutrients required for artificial cultivation of mushroom, such as wood chips, wheat bran, rice bran, corn flour, etc.

"Waste mushroom": refers to the mushroom that has no edible value.

"Nice mushroom": refers to the mushroom of poor quality and lowest grade. For example, the lowest grade mushroom refers to a mushroom with a soft mushroom, a thin and small cap, a cap thickness of less than 8 mm, a cap diameter of less than 30 mm, a stipe length of more than 50 mm, and a shape that is not round.

"Block": After removing the plastic bag outside the bag, the nutrient substrate is taken out and pressed into a square shape by a mold. This shape is called a mushroom block. It may have a length of 20-60 cm, a width of 10-50 cm, and a thickness of 4-25 cm. "Cylindrical concave shape of round, elliptical, square or rectangular shape": mechanically pressing one or more sides of the mass to form a basin-shaped concave surface having the shape for holding water, thereby realizing automatic bacteria block Water absorption. Example 1 Self-watering mushroom mushroom block

The mushroom block of the embodiment has a basin-shaped concave surface on one side and a rectangular shape, and the rectangular shape has the following dimensions: a length of 30 cm, a width of 15 cm, and a thickness of 7 cm; and the basin-shaped concave surface is also rectangular, and The dimensions are 26 cm in length, 11 cm in width and 2 cm in thickness (as shown in Figure 1). The bacterium can realize self-water absorption and hydration in the process of artificially cultivating the mushroom. Example 2 Preparation method of self-watering mushroom mushroom mass

The mushroom package used in this embodiment comprises a non-toxic plastic bag and a nutrient substrate contained therein. The composition of the nutrient substrate is: 871 g of wood chips, 195 g of wheat bran, 130 g of rice bran, and 65 g of corn flour. After being bagged, sterilized, inoculated, and cultured, the plastic bag outside the bacteria bag was removed, and it was pressed into a block having a concave shape and a rectangular shape as described in Example 1 by a briquetting machine. Specific steps are as follows:

After removing the plastic bag outside the bacteria bag, it is placed in a mold suitable for the shape of the concave mushroom block, and the motor is driven by the motor to rotate and push to form a pressing force in the mold, and then taken out in the mold. The formed bacteria block has a concave self-water-absorbing mushroom mushroom mass. The shape of the mushroom block is rectangular, and its size is: length 30cm, width 15cm, thickness 7cm; the basin-shaped concave surface is also rectangular, and its size is 26cm in length, 11cm in width and 2cm in thickness (Fig. 1) Shown). Example 3 Application test of self-water-absorbing mushroom mushroom mass Test Example 1: The self-water absorbing water test was carried out using the plaque having a concave surface in Example 1. Test Example 2: A pressurized injection type hydration test was carried out using a bacterium having the same composition and appearance as that of Example 1 but having no concave surface.

Test Example 3: A soaking water test was carried out using a fungus having the same composition and appearance as that of Example 1 but having no concave surface.

The test results show that the two methods of pressurized injection hydration and soaking hydration cause the mushroom to not produce mushrooms or rotten packets, and a large number of defective mushrooms and waste mushrooms appear, causing significant economic losses; When hydrating, it is necessary to move the lower part of the mushroom block into the soaking pool for hydration.

The use of the concave block in the embodiment 1 achieves convenient, accurate and efficient quantitative water replenishment of the bacteria block, and no defective mushrooms and waste mushrooms appear in the test process, nor does it cause no mushroom or rotten bag. Greatly saved costs and reduced economic losses.

In summary, the concave block of the present invention fully overcomes the defects and deficiencies in the prior art by self-water absorbing and hydrating, and has broad application prospect and popularization value in the field of artificial cultivation of mushroom. It should be noted that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of some specific embodiments that are claimed, and the technical features described in one or more technical solutions may be combined with any one or more technical solutions. The resulting technical solutions are also within the scope of the present application, as these combined technical solutions have been specifically described in the present disclosure.

Claims

Rights request

1. A self-absorbing water-absorbing bacterial mass, characterized in that the bacterial mass has a concave surface.

2. The bacterial mass according to claim 1, characterized in that the concave surface is a basin-shaped concave surface.

3. The bacterial mass according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bacterial mass has one or more concave surfaces.

4. The bacterial mass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the concave surface is round, oval, square or rectangular.

5. The bacterial mass according to claim 4, characterized in that the concave surface is rectangular.

6. The bacterial block according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the size of the rectangular shape is 10-56cm in length, 5-46cm in width, and 2-8cm in thickness.

7. The bacterial block according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the dimensions of the rectangular shape are 26cm in length, 11cm in width, and 2cm in thickness.

8. The bacterial block according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the outer shape of the bacterial block is square or rectangular.

9. The bacterial block according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the outer shape of the bacterial block is rectangular, and its dimensions are: length 20-60cm, width 10-50cm, thickness 4- 25cm.

10. The bacterial block according to claim 9, characterized in that the dimensions of the rectangular shape are length 30cm, width 15cm, and thickness 7cm.

11. The bacterial mass according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that 20-80% of the weight of the bacterial mass is added to the concave surface.

12. The bacterial mass according to claim 11, wherein 40% of the weight of the bacterial mass is added to the concave surface.

13. A method for preparing bacterial blocks according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The method includes: after removing the plastic bag outside the bacteria bag, using a mechanical pressing method to press it into a bacteria block with the concave surface.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the mechanical pressing method is a briquetting machine pressing method.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the method includes: after removing the outer plastic bag of the bacterial package, placing it in a mold that is suitable for the shape and specifications of the bacterial package with the concave surface, The motor drives the rod to rotate and advance to generate extrusion force to make it extruded. Then the molded bacteria block is taken out to obtain a self-absorbing water bacteria block with a concave surface.

16. The use of the bacterial mass according to any one of claims 1 to 12 in artificial cultivation of mushrooms.

17. The use according to claim 16, characterized in that the mushroom is Lentinus edodes.