CN101779594A - Method for artificially proliferating carragheen - Google Patents
Method for artificially proliferating carragheen Download PDFInfo
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- CN101779594A CN101779594A CN 201010127712 CN201010127712A CN101779594A CN 101779594 A CN101779594 A CN 101779594A CN 201010127712 CN201010127712 CN 201010127712 CN 201010127712 A CN201010127712 A CN 201010127712A CN 101779594 A CN101779594 A CN 101779594A
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- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for artificially proliferating carragheen, which can solve problems of undesirable effect of carragheen proliferation, irrealizable large-scale proliferation of carragheen resource and the like existing in the prior art. The invention adopts an artificial proliferation method to in-situ recover wild resources with carragheen during the period of tide. Artificial seeding is carried out indoors by selecting an appropriate attachment substrate and seedlings are bred to grow more than 0.5mm. After that, the seedlings with the attachment substrate together are fixed in a distribution area of carragheen seedlings during the period of tide, thereby realizing the purpose of carragheen population resource recovery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of marine alga artificial fecundation, relate in particular to a kind of method of pelvetia silquosa artificial fecundation.
Background technology
Pelvetia silquosa (Pelvetia siliquosa) is a kind of kelp with higher economic worth, frond contains rich in protein and colloid, also contain multiple nutritional components such as polysaccharose substance, minerals and vitamins, wherein algin content reaches 27.8%, crude protein 5.33%, mannitol 2.79%, potassium 4.99%, iodine 0.049%.Simultaneously pelvetia silquosa also has higher medical value, and it distinguishes the flavor of, and is cold in nature, softening and resolving hard mass, and the relieving cough and reducing sputum, antitumor, antibacterium, norcholesterol can be used for treating the oedema that angiocardiopathy, treatment thyromegaly and urologic disease cause; And have and remove noxious material, carcinogen and alpha-contamination effect in the human body; Contained fucosterol in the pelvetia silquosa frond has effects anti-oxidant and the treatment diabetes.
Pelvetia silquosa is the peculiar kind of China's Huanghai Sea, mainly is distributed in the ground such as Changhai, Liaoning, Jin Xian, Dalian, Lvshun, Xia County and Rongcheng, Shandong, Rushan, Miaodao Archipelago of China.Because of frond delicious flavour, clear and melodious, smooth, the nutritious masses of enjoying of mouthfeel like, can be rated as the fully natural green health food, be the senior dish of entertaining guests at a banquet, product price goes up year by year.In recent years,, cause the atrophy of failing year by year of its wild resource amount, be on the verge of exhausted danger owing to its locality characteristics on distributing are polluted, excessively gathered and reason such as artificial destruction in the sea area in addition.Therefore, how developmental research is protected and is recovered the pelvetia silquosa wild resource, for saving endangered species, recover China's marine site living resources diversity and safeguarding that sea area ecological balance meaning is extremely great.
Existing marine alga increment method comprises reef method and lapidation method clearly, be in marine alga mating season, in certain marine alga distributed areas, pass through the cleaning cay, soon other aufwuches are disposed on the cay, expose the new rock face, or in the marine alga area, dropping into new attaching substratum such as stone, purpose is to increase marine alga fertilized egg (or spore) bond area, to reach the purpose of marine alga propagation.But because spore (or fertilized egg) does not have adhesion-tight just to be fallen by the intertidal zone alluvion toward contact, it is few to cause on the new throwing adherance marine alga seedling to be taken place, and makes the marine alga cultivation effect undesirable, can not realize that marine algae resource amount large tracts of land is recovered or the purpose of propagation.
Summary of the invention
The method of a kind of pelvetia silquosa artificial fecundation of the present invention, it can solve, and pelvetia silquosa propagation that prior art exists wastes time and energy and cultivation effect is undesirable, can not realize problems such as the extensive propagation of pelvetia silquosa stock number.
The present invention can be attached to it on suitable matrix by artificial collection pelvetia silquosa fertilized egg, after indoor culture becomes the visible seedling of naked eyes, the artificial seedling of pelvetia silquosa is fixed in pelvetia silquosa distributed areas, intertidal zone together with matrix.Can effectively recover, enlarge pelvetia silquosa natural distribution zone and stock number, reach the purpose of pelvetia silquosa propagation.
In order to reach the purpose that solves the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of method of pelvetia silquosa artificial fecundation is characterized in that described method undertaken by following step:
1) selection that plants vegetables: at the beginning of annual 10 months-late November, in the intertidal zone, sea area that has pelvetia silquosa to distribute, the pelvetia silquosa that select that receptacle expands, surperficial nodosity shape projection, color and luster is vivid is cut the receptacle of maturation with scissors as planting vegetables, and concentrates the back as collecting seedling with planting vegetables;
2) preliminary treatment that plants vegetables: pelvetia silquosa plants vegetables and washes repeatedly 3-5 time with seawater, removes assorted algae and attachment, dries with the degreasing cotton gauze surface that will plant vegetables, and doing dries in the shade handled 1-3 hour;
3) purchase to collect seedling and use Seedling culturing device: collecting seedling needs soak repeatedly through fresh water with Seedling culturing device, and disinfection, rinses well with filtering sea then;
4) indoor seeding: the Seedling culturing device of handling well is tiled in the indoor raising of seedling pond, inject filtering sea 20-40cm, the good pelvetia silquosa that will dry in the shade then plants vegetables even spreading on Seedling culturing device, pelvetia silquosa behind the dry in the shade stimulation plants vegetables can diffuse smart ovum and insemination in a large number in seawater, in this process, stir seawater every day or stir and plant vegetables 3-5 time, fertilized egg is come off fast and adhere to evenly, microscopy slide after 2-4 days, fertilized egg is adhered to density and is reached 8～12 in per 4 * 10 visuals field, and behind adhesion-tight on the Seedling culturing device, pull out and plant vegetables;
5) indoor culture: the Seedling culturing device after fertilized egg is adhered to, educated with fresh filtering sea miniflow water planting in initial 2-3 days, change flowing water after 3-4 days over to and cultivate, the natural lighting strength range is at 4000-8000lx, and sunshine time 8-10 hour, nutrient concentration was NO in the control seawater
3-N:3-6g/m
3, PO
4-P:0.3-0.6g/m
3, water temperature range is at 20-18 ℃;
6) Seedling culturing device cleans: after the week of collecting seedling, do the wash the Seedling culturing device surface with banister brush, flush away mud scum and the diatom that adheres to; After 12-18 days, begin to scrub the seedling curtain with the pressure water jet, pressure is ascending, do not washed out with seedling and to be as the criterion, washed away every other day once, removed mud scum, diatom and assorted algae spore on the Seedling culturing device, after 30 days indoor culture time, seedling can reach 0.5-0.7mm, moves into the intertidal zone, sea area then;
7), Seedling culturing device is thrown in:
The harmful organisms of a, removing intertidal zone: the intertidal zone after spring tide ebbed tide between flood season, harmful organisms removing work is carried out in the natural cay sea area that selection has pelvetia silquosa to distribute;
Fixing of b, Seedling culturing device: will adhere to the Seedling culturing device of pelvetia silquosa seedling, and be fixed in cay district, intertidal zone.
The present invention also has following additional technical feature:
Described Seedling culturing device is the cement plate structure of armored concrete, and the surface is with coarse gravel; Perhaps, surface attachment shellfish shell, described shellfish shell are at least a in scallop shell, the oyster shell.
Described Seedling culturing device needs to soak repeatedly 30-60 days through fresh water, uses liquor potassic permanganate soaking disinfection 20-40 minute before the indoor seeding, then with sand filter seawater flushing 2-3 time.
Every described Seedling culturing device amount ranges that plants vegetables is 0.23-0.25kg.
The flow rates that described miniflow water planting is educated is 3-5cm/s, and the flow rates that described flowing water is cultivated is 7-10cm/s.
When described pressure water jet was scrubbed Seedling culturing device, the ascending scope of hydraulic pressure intensity was 0.3kg/cm
2～1.0kg/cm
2
Described harmful organisms comprises food seaweeds animals such as Bao, various snail, sea urchin.
Fixing of Seedling culturing device is to use the rapid-curing cutback cemented in intertidal zone cay district, and described rapid-curing cutback cement is low basicity quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement.
Every described cement plate is long * wide * thick be 25cm * 25cm * 5cm, adhering to the grit particle diameter is 0.4-0.7cm, adheres to density: 1-2 grain/cm
2Adhering to shellfish shell quantity is 12-24, and matsurface outwardly.
Reduce year by year even endangered realistic problem for solving wild pelvetia silquosa stock number, adopt the method for artificial fecundation, carry out the former bit recovery of intertidal zone pelvetia silquosa wild resource, by the attaching substratum of selecting to suit, collect seedling at indoors artificial, and with seedling culture to more than the 0.5mm, then seedling is fixed in pelvetia silquosa seedling distributed areas, intertidal zone together with Seedling culturing device, realize the purpose of pelvetia silquosa population resource recovery.
The present invention has the following advantages and good effect:
1, filters out 2 kinds of Seedling culturing devices that pelvetia silquosa fertilized egg preferably is adhered to, change the limitation that lapidation in the past or clear reef method had not only wasted time and energy but also be difficult to guarantee cultivation effect, by collecting seedling fertilized egg is gathered and is attached on the Seedling culturing device at indoors artificial, under the indoors artificial condition, pelvetia silquosa is cultivated than big seedling, when seedling length is above to 0.5mm, the wind wave resistance impact capacity is strengthened greatly, drops into the intertidal zone again.Thereby the phenomenon of having avoided fertilized egg also there be not adhesion-tight just to be fallen by the intertidal zone alluvion has guaranteed the adhesive rate and the germination and growth rate of fertilized egg.
2, utilize rapid-curing cutback cement, be fixed in Seedling culturing device on the rock rapidly at short notice, avoid stormy waves that it is washed away, our experiments show that, the survival rate of adhering to of seedling is improved greatly,, seedling is comparatively fast increased simultaneously in pelvetia silquosa area, intertidal zone, can grow up to into the algae specification through one-year age, reach the effect of pelvetia silquosa resource recovery.
Embodiment
1) selection that plants vegetables of pelvetia silquosa: pelvetia silquosa plants vegetables is annual October first arrival late November during choosing.In the intertidal zone, sea area that pelvetia silquosa distributes, the pelvetia silquosa that select that receptacle expands, surperficial nodosity shape projection, color and luster is vivid is cut the receptacle of maturation with scissors as planting vegetables, and concentrates the back as collecting seedling with planting vegetables.
2) preliminary treatment that plants vegetables of pelvetia silquosa: pelvetia silquosa plants vegetables and washes repeatedly 3-5 time with seawater, removes assorted algae and attachment, dries with the degreasing cotton gauze surface that will plant vegetables, and doing dries in the shade handled 1-3 hour.
3) collect seedling with Seedling culturing device and preliminary treatment: collect seedling with cement plate 25cm * 25cm * 5cm, reinforced concrete structure, surface design is that coarse gravel adheres to, particle diameter 0.4-0.7cm adheres to density: 1-2 grain/cm
2, need to soak repeatedly about 60 days through fresh water, soak 0.5h with the 200ppm liquor potassic permanganate before collecting seedling, rinse well with filtering sea then.
4) indoor seeding: the Seedling culturing device of handling well is tiled among indoor raising of seedling pond 8m * 1m * 1m, injects filtering sea 30cm, the good pelvetia silquosa that will dry in the shade then plants vegetables even spreading on Seedling culturing device, places the microexamination slide simultaneously.Every Seedling culturing device consumption that plants vegetables is 0.23-0.25kg, make its smart ovum diffuse and inseminate, in hydrostatic, gather fertilized egg, in this process, stir seawater every day or stir and plant vegetables 3-5 time, make fertilized egg come off fast and adhere to evenly, microscopy slide after 2-4 days, fertilized egg is adhered to density and is reached per 4 * 10 visual field 8-12, and behind adhesion-tight on the cement plate, pulls out to plant vegetables.
5) indoor culture: the cement plate after fertilized egg is adhered to, educated with fresh filtering sea miniflow water planting in initial 2-3 days, miniflow water flow velocity: 3-5cm/s, changing flowing water after 3-4 days over to cultivates, flow velocity: 7-10cm/s, intensity of illumination is controlled at 4000-8000lx, and sunshine time 8-10 hour, nutrient concentration was NO in the control seawater
3-N:3-6g/m
3, PO
4-P:0.3-0.6g/m
3, the natural temperature scope is at 20-18 ℃.
6) Seedling culturing device cleans: after the week of collecting seedling, do the wash the Seedling culturing device surface with banister brush, flush away mud scum and the diatom that adheres to; After 15 days, begin to wash Seedling culturing device with the pressure water jet, pressure grows from weak to strong, do not washed out with seedling and to be as the criterion, washed away every other day once, removed mud scum, diatom and assorted algae spore on the Seedling culturing device, after 30 days indoor culture time, seedling can reach 0.5-0.7mm, moves into the intertidal zone, sea area then.
7) Seedling culturing device is thrown in and is fixing: a, removing harmful organisms: the intertidal zone after spring tide ebbed tide between flood season, the natural cay sea area that selection has pelvetia silquosa to distribute, carry out harmful organisms removing work, should remove as some food seaweeds invertebrate snails, abalone, echinoid etc.; Fixing of b, Seedling culturing device: the cement plate that will adhere to the pelvetia silquosa seedling, be fixed in cay district, intertidal zone with rapid-curing cutback cement (low basicity quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement), place the 1-2 piece for every square metre, after the cement plate back side spread rapid-curing cutback cement, be positioned over the more smooth place of cay stone, every cement plate needs cement 50-80 gram approximately, after about 30 minutes can with the rock fixation.The pelvetia silquosa seedling through 3 months self-sows, can reach the above seedling of 1cm on the Seedling culturing device of intertidal zone, seedling density 120-300 strain/m
2, take this kind pelvetia silquosa propagation mode, the population stock number can obviously be recovered to enlarge.
When the pressure water jet was scrubbed Seedling culturing device, the ascending scope of hydraulic pressure intensity was 0.3kg/cm
2～1.0kg/cm
2
The present invention is directed to above pelvetia silquosa resource and be on the verge of exhausted harsh reality and the difficult technical bottleneck of marine alga seed propagation, 2 kinds of cement plate patterns (adhering to coarse gravel and scallop shell) of selecting for use suitable pelvetia silquosa to adhere to, collect seedling at indoors artificial, indoors artificial controlled condition becomes seedling more than the 0.5mm with seedling culture, and then drop into the natural waters intertidal zone and fix, make it at the intertidal zone self-sow, utilize the identical ecological niche original position of marine alga to repair principle, can reach the effect that the pelvetia silquosa stock number is recovered or enlarged.
In the above description, per 4 * 10 visual field 8-12: be in multiplication factor is the visual field on the slide that inspection is seen 4 * 10 power microscopes under, to have 8-12 fertilized egg to adhere to.4 * 10 is multiplication factor, and promptly eyepiece is 10 times, and object lens are multiplication factors of 4 times, and total multiplication factor is 40 times.NO
3-N: the concentration of nitrogen in the expression nitrate.PO
4-P represents the phosphorus concentration in the phosphate.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be the restriction of the present invention being made other form, and any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.But every technical solution of the present invention content that do not break away to any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that above embodiment did, still belongs to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the method for a pelvetia silquosa artificial fecundation is characterized in that, described method is undertaken by following step:
1) selection that plants vegetables: at the beginning of annual 10 months-late November, in the intertidal zone, sea area that has pelvetia silquosa to distribute, the pelvetia silquosa that select that receptacle expands, surperficial nodosity shape projection, color and luster is vivid is cut the receptacle of maturation with scissors as planting vegetables, and concentrates the back as collecting seedling with planting vegetables;
2) preliminary treatment that plants vegetables: pelvetia silquosa plants vegetables and washes repeatedly 3-5 time with seawater, removes assorted algae and attachment, dries with the degreasing cotton gauze surface that will plant vegetables, and doing dries in the shade handled 1-3 hour;
3) purchase to collect seedling and use Seedling culturing device: collecting seedling needs soak repeatedly through fresh water with Seedling culturing device, and disinfection, rinses well with filtering sea then;
4) indoor seeding: the Seedling culturing device of handling well is tiled in the indoor raising of seedling pond, inject filtering sea 20-40cm, the good pelvetia silquosa that will dry in the shade then plants vegetables even spreading on Seedling culturing device, pelvetia silquosa behind the dry in the shade stimulation plants vegetables can diffuse smart ovum and insemination in a large number in seawater, in this process, stir seawater every day or stir and plant vegetables 3-5 time, fertilized egg is come off fast and adhere to evenly, microscopy slide after 2-4 days, fertilized egg is adhered to density and is reached per 4 * 10 visual field 8-12, and behind adhesion-tight on the Seedling culturing device, pull out and plant vegetables;
5) indoor culture: the Seedling culturing device after fertilized egg is adhered to, educated with filtering sea miniflow water planting in initial 2-3 days, change flowing water after 3-4 days over to and cultivate, the natural lighting strength range is at 4000-8000lx, and sunshine time 8-10 hour, nutrient concentration was NO in the control seawater
3-N:3-6g/m
3, PO
4-P:0.3-0.6g/m
3, water temperature range is at 20-18 ℃;
6) Seedling culturing device cleans: after the week of collecting seedling, do the wash the Seedling culturing device surface with banister brush, flush away mud scum and the diatom that adheres to; After 12-18 days, begin to scrub the seedling curtain with the pressure water jet, pressure is ascending, do not washed out with seedling and to be as the criterion, washed away every other day once, removed mud scum, diatom and assorted algae spore on the Seedling culturing device, after 30 days indoor culture time, seedling can reach 0.5-0.7mm, moves into the intertidal zone, sea area then;
7) Seedling culturing device is thrown in:
The harmful organisms of a, removing intertidal zone: the intertidal zone after spring tide ebbed tide between flood season, harmful organisms removing work is carried out in the natural cay sea area that selection has pelvetia silquosa to distribute;
Fixing of b, Seedling culturing device: will adhere to the Seedling culturing device of pelvetia silquosa seedling, and be fixed in cay district, intertidal zone.
2. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Seedling culturing device is the cement plate structure of armored concrete, and the surface is with coarse gravel; Perhaps, surface attachment shellfish shell, described shellfish shell are at least a in scallop shell, the oyster shell.
3. according to the described method of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described Seedling culturing device needs to soak repeatedly 30-60 days through fresh water, uses liquor potassic permanganate soaking disinfection 20-40 minute before the indoor seeding, then with sand filter seawater flushing 2-3 time.
4. according to the described method of claim 3, it is characterized in that: every described Seedling culturing device amount ranges that plants vegetables is 0.23-0.25kg.
5. according to the described method of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the flow rates that described miniflow water planting is educated is 3-5cm/s, and the flow rates that described flowing water is cultivated is 7-10cm/s.
6. according to the described method of claim 5, it is characterized in that: when described pressure water jet was scrubbed Seedling culturing device, the ascending scope of hydraulic pressure intensity was 0.3kg/cm
2～1.0kg/cm
2
7. according to the described method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: fixing of Seedling culturing device is to use the rapid-curing cutback cemented in intertidal zone cay district, and described rapid-curing cutback cement is low basicity quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement.
8. according to the described method of claim 2, it is characterized in that: every described cement plate length * wide * thick 25cm * 25cm * 5cm of being, adhering to the grit particle diameter is 0.4-0.7cm, adheres to density: 1-2 grain/cm
2Adhering to shellfish shell quantity is 12-24, and matsurface outwardly.
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