CN102524041A - Method for planting salvia officinalis in hardness adherance - Google Patents
Method for planting salvia officinalis in hardness adherance Download PDFInfo
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- CN102524041A CN102524041A CN2012100752589A CN201210075258A CN102524041A CN 102524041 A CN102524041 A CN 102524041A CN 2012100752589 A CN2012100752589 A CN 2012100752589A CN 201210075258 A CN201210075258 A CN 201210075258A CN 102524041 A CN102524041 A CN 102524041A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting salvia officinalis in hardness adherance, which belongs to the technical field of algae propagation. The method comprises the following steps of: pre-processing the adherance, preparing a seedling collection pond, preparing to plant algae, collecting seedlings, cultivating young seedlings, putting in a sea area and managing on the sea. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the salvia officinalis are directly planted on artificial reefs, stones or cement components, can be firmly combined on the surfaces of the artificial reefs, the stones or the cement components through adhesion accentuation trainings in stages and then can be put into sea water in a appropriate time, new branches of the salvia officinalis can be grown on the adherance year by year, the problems that the salvia officinalis are in resource exhaustion due to man-made damage and the year-to-year propagation for maintaining algae resources in the sea area are solved, the method plays a great role in environment modification, resource recovery and the like, and simultaneously, the operation is simple and convenient.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the algae reproduction technical field, relate to a kind of method of on the hard adherance, planting mouse tail algae particularly.
Background technology:
Mouse tail algae [Sargassum thunbergii (Mert.) O.Kuntze] is China common marine alga in coastal intertidal zone.Since the mid-90 in 20th century, the using value of mouse tail algae is excavated more and more.Especially in recent ten years, along with the rise of China holothruian cultures industry, increase fast as the demand of the mouse tail algae of sea cucumber high-quality bait.The in enormous quantities collection makes this just be on the verge of exhaustion at initial several years with regard to limited mouse tail algae wild resource, satisfied not the market demand far away at present.
The quick exhaustion of mouse tail algae wild resource except demand growth too fast with the less two aspect reasons of resource; Also have an important reasons---perennial mouse tail algae accrue that very finite sum is slow; And the company's of being easy to rhizoid pulls up in the gatherer process; Cause whole strain (rhizoid) damage, can't produce new nutrition branch.Through observing, the process of gathering wild mouse tail algae can cause about 10～25% algae strain " to be uprooped ", and cumulative sequence year after year is very serious.
In the last few years, in order to tackle market demand and the dependence that reduces natural resources, China had tentatively grasped artificial breeding and the cultural technique of mouse tail algae, and for alleviating imbalance between supply and demand, alleviating provides hope to depending on unduly of wild resource to a certain extent.But but can't solve the exhausted state and the resource recovery work of wild resource.This is because the existing processes technology can only be used the adherance of flexible material making, such as the seedling curtain of braidings such as coir rope, ribbon and even bamboo chip.This seedling curtain softness is easy to operate, is fit to mariculture, but can not uses for a long time, can only use the several months mostly, and therefore relevant with it technology and technology can't be used for recovering mouse tail algae resource at seabeach and oceanic pasture.
Because the plate-like rhizoid of mouse tail algae can only once adhere to successfully when fertilized egg beginning sprouts, can't second transplant.Adhere to later plate-like rhizoid and bear new nutrition branch from shank portion every year, the decline of festering after the coming year, spring and summer cut one's eye-teeth, at this time new one batch vegetative shoot has reached cms long.The plate-like rhizoid adheres to after can not transplanting once more; Determined mouse tail algae for many years the advantage of continuous mitogenetic branch also cannot utilize; Therefore need a kind of method of directly planting on stone and the cement components, grow the purpose of long-term production and resource recovery in the hope of reaching once to plant.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of method of on the hard adherance, planting mouse tail algae; Utilize the reproductive characteristic of mouse tail algae; Direct plantation mouse tail algae on hard adherances such as artificial fish shelter, stone or cement components, make its can strong bonded on these material surfaces, machine is rendered in the seawater in due course then; Mouse tail algae can bear new branch year in year out on these adherances, solved to keeping the sea area algae resource problem of breeding year after year.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
A kind of on the hard adherance method of plantation mouse tail algae, may further comprise the steps: the adherance preliminary treatment, prepare in the pond of collecting seedling, and plants that algae is prepared, collects seedling, seedling culture, throw in the sea area and marine the management;
Described adherance preliminary treatment is that external diameter is not more than 1 meter hard adherance, fresh water or sea water immersion before using more than 2d, and there is attachment on removal adherance surface;
Prepare in the described pond of collecting seedling, and the pond of collecting seedling is positioned at canopy shape workshop, and the workshop of collecting seedling requires air penetrating, and illumination, temperature suit, and indoor light can reach 40～50% of outdoor natural light, regulates illumination through carrying additionally black braiding lace curtaining; The cement pit of the usefulness of collecting seedling with the sterilization of 5～10mg/L potassium permanganate solution and rinse well, is put the adherance of handling well at the bottom of the pond;
Described kind of algae prepared, select to grow healthy and strong, side shoot is many, to have more ripe receptacle and grow full, color and luster be that cervine mouse tail algae frond is as kind of an algae; Carry out dry in the shade stimulation before the use, the method for dry in the shade stimulation is, will plant algae and be placed on the shady and cool preferably place of circulation of air and spread out and leave standstill 50～70min, and dehydration rate is controlled at 50%～60%; Dry in the shade good kind algae earlier through cleaning, clear up harmful organisms and aufwuch;
Described collecting seedling; With the kind algae behind the dry in the shade stimulation, evenly be laid in the adherance top in the water body, intensity of illumination is 3000～4000lx; 22 ± 2 ℃ of water temperatures; Be deposited on the adherance surface with regard to having abundant fertilized egg behind 2～3d, shift out kind of an algae, keep changing the seedling culture stage over to behind the former constant 2d that has ready conditions;
Described seedling culture is after the end of collecting seedling, through the spatfall phase of 2d, the water level of loweing; With current flushing adherance surface, lip-deep sediments and scattered algae branch to be rinsed well, the whole seedling culture phase continued more than 4 weeks; Time is long more, and seedling is big more, helps final-period management more and becomes to live; Keep water quality to upgrade during this time, 22 ± 2 ℃ of water temperatures, illumination 4500～6000lx, and carry out daily cleaning; The seedling culture phase will be carried out adhesive force emphatically and strengthened training, and intensive training is divided into following three phases;
Phase I: the spatfall phase finished for the 1st, 2 weeks, used small-sized immersible pump to supply water, and the plus-pressure in addition of intaking not directly uses the adherance of flexible pipe flushing spatfall surperficial, and maximum pressure is no more than 1Mpa, per two days 1 time;
Second stage: the spatfall phase finished for the 3rd, 4 weeks, used giant flushing adherance surface and seedling, every day 1 time; According to seedling impact resistance situation, regulate pressure from low to high, maximum pressure is no more than 2Mpa;
Phase III: the spatfall phase is used giant flushing adherance surface and seedling, every day 1 time before finishing the 5th thoughtful plunging into the commercial sea; According to seedling development and impact resistance situation, regulate pressure from low to high, maximum pressure is no more than 3Mpa;
Throw in marine management in described sea area, seedling when indoor culture is above to the 5mm height, the input of plunging into the commercial sea of selecting a good opportunity; The time of throwing in is selected in morning or dusk, batch operation, and the operating time of plunging into the commercial sea is no more than 2hr, keeps seedling moistening; Plunge into the commercial sea in back 3 months weekly 1～2 time with giant flushing cleaning surface deposits, alleviate of the interference of sessile form animals and plants seedling, long until seedling to more than the 1.2cm height.
Further, described hard adherance be stone, oceanic pasture artificial fishing bank or cement components.
Further, described kind of algae in the cleaning behind the dry in the shade stimulation for after mixing by 0.1%～0.2% mass volume ratio with urea and seawater, said kind of algae of soaking flushing 5～10 minutes.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art:
The present invention has made full use of the reproductive characteristic of mouse tail algae; Directly on artificial fish shelter, stone or cement components, plant mouse tail algae; Make its can strong bonded on these material surfaces; Machine is rendered in the seawater in due course then, and mouse tail algae can bear new branch year in year out on these adherances, has solved the mouse tail algae resource exhaustion that causes because of artificial destruction and for keeping the sea area algae resource problem of breeding year after year; Huge in aspect effects such as environment remediation and resource recoveries, simultaneously simple, convenient.
The present invention is " directly plantation " mouse tail algae on hard adherance surface; Carry out adhesive force stage by stage in the seedling culture later stage and strengthen training; The mouse tail algae of " plantation " firmly anchors on the adherance through the plate-like rhizoid like this; The new nutrition branch of annual hair tonic reaches once collect seedling " plantation ", the purpose of growing continuously for many years.Help in the seashore intertidal zone or oceanic pasture shallow water area propagation mouse tail algae.Solved the difficult problem that on hard adherances such as stone, cement block, to plant mouse tail algae.
The present invention is 3000～4000lx in the phase control intensity of illumination of collecting seedling, and nurturing period 4500～6000lx can guarantee seedling development, can effectively contain the interference of adhering to of mixed and disorderly algae again.
Description of drawings:
Fig. a kind is grown the stone of success
Mouse tail algae seedling (microspur) on Fig. 2 stone
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is done further to explain.
A kind of on the hard adherance method of plantation mouse tail algae, may further comprise the steps: the adherance preliminary treatment, prepare in the pond of collecting seedling, and plants that algae is prepared, collects seedling, seedling culture, throw in the sea area and marine the management;
1, adherance and preliminary treatment: present embodiment adopts stone as adherance (like Fig. 1), before use through the sea water immersion of 2d.If more biological attachment thing is arranged on the stone, then can use the method for chemistry or physics to remove surface attachments before immersion treatment or in the middle of twice immersion.Biological attachment chemistry of physical use method is handled: soak 5h with available chlorine 3mg/L disinfectant solution; The inanimate attachment is cleared up with physical method (electric tool).Above-mentioned physico-chemical process is handled later and is washed with giant, and with sea water immersion and flushing 2～3 times, guarantees that adherance does not have residual disinfectant.
2, prepare in the pond of collecting seedling: what the pond of collecting seedling was used is the cement pit that is positioned at canopy shape workshop; The workshop will keep air unobstructed; The workshop ceiling removes the part material with interval, and the area of dismantling accounts between 1/4th to 1/3rd, and window opens wide around adding; Help air and flow, avoid indoor temperature too high.Under such ceiling condition; Indoor light can reach 40～50% of outdoor natural light; Make that the intensity of illumination on cement pit saliva plane reaches the intensity of illumination about 6000lx the most by force in the sunny at noon weather, through carrying additionally the further fine tuning illumination of black braiding lace curtaining.Suitable low light of the phase of collecting seedling is according to (4000lx), and the nurturing period is height (4500～6000lx) slightly.
Cement pit is used more than the sea water immersion 2d after will passing through cleaning, flushing again, newly-built pond will be earlier with freshwater soaking 2 times, at every turn more than the 5d.To use the sterilization of 5mg/L potassium permanganate before using, totally subsequent use with seawater flushing at last.Collect seedling after the pond is ready to.Put at the bottom of the pond of collecting seedling the stone of handling well is intensive, add seawater, the upper surface that makes stone is the 35cm in the underwater not, adjusts the outlet of scupper hose and highly keeps this water level.Water yield quantity of exchanged water on controll day through the control water inlet generally is controlled at 2 times that can exchange whole actual water capacities every day at least.
The seawater natural temperature of seeding collecting season can meet the requirements basically, does not need temperature equipment, but need avoid because the temperature that causes in indoor overlong time rises.The pool inner water temperature mainly keeps relative stability by means of an amount of water that changes, and it is obviously raise get final product, just suitable enlargement discharge when the later stage sky is warm.Test omnidistance temperature maintenance in 22 ± 2 ℃ of scopes.The growth of mouse tail algae, reproductive process also all need suitable discharge condition, and suitable quantity of exchanged water provides more nutritive salt and keep pure and fresh environment for mouse tail algae seedling.Quantity of exchanged water should be according to the heating and progressively improving gradually of developmental process and weather.
3, plant algae and prepare, select that side shoot is many, to have more ripe receptacle and grow full, color and luster be that cervine mouse tail algae frond is as kind of an algae.In appearance, when the receptacle surface of female frond forms granular projection, a large amount of secreting mucus of surface beginning, show that the ovum of mouse tail algae is ripe.Optimal collection opportunity is to have overworked the ovum that diffuses on indivedual algae strain receptacles.Select for use the kind algae of hanging ovum to collect seedling, can obviously shorten the time of collecting seedling.Carry out dry in the shade stimulation before the use, the method for dry in the shade stimulation is, will plant algae and be placed on the shady and cool preferably place of circulation of air and spread out and leave standstill, and duration 50min, dehydration rate is controlled at 50%～60%.Dry in the shade good kind algae earlier through cleaning, clear up harmful organisms and aufwuch.Need to prepare several big Plastic Drums, after mixing by 0.1% mass volume ratio with urea and seawater, soaking flushing kind algae 10 minutes so not only can play the effect of fertilising but also can play the effect of expelling that kills and wounds to the small animal that adheres on kind of the algae.Kind algae after the processing is used seawater flushing 1 time again;
4, collect seedling, kind algae that will be after above-mentioned steps is handled evenly is laid in the stone top in the water body.Owing to also can adhere to the lip-deep extension ovum of receptacle characteristic after the ovum of mouse tail algae ejects from receptacle, fertilized egg needs 24～36h to split away off from receptacle usually.This process is collected seedling exactly.
In the process of collecting seedling, often kind of an algae is stirred and shake and to accelerate fertilized egg and come off and make it and on block faces, be evenly distributed as far as possible.Behind the 3d, be deposited on the adherance surface, shift out kind of an algae gently, keep the former 2d that has ready conditions constant, promptly change the seedling culture stage over to regard to having abundant fertilized egg.Water temperature is controlled at illuminance about 4000lx in the time of 22 ℃ during collecting seedling; The method that adopts the black nylon net to hide ceiling when water temperature reaches 23～24 ℃ is reduced to 3000lx with light intensity, suppresses the procreation of assorted algaes such as diatom;
5, seedling culture, after the end of collecting seedling, through the spatfall phase of 2d, sprouting and rhizoid that fertilized egg is accomplished the initial stage generate, and can stand necessary water impact preferably attached on the stone.The water level of loweing with current flushing adherance surface, is rinsed lip-deep sediments and scattered algae branch well, guarantees that the seedling that has sprouted can access illumination, plays adhering to of assorted algae of prevention or set class animal simultaneously, alleviates harmful animal.The whole seedling culture phase continued for 5 weeks, can reach the 2mm height during 3 weeks.Keep water quality to upgrade during this time, 22 ± 2 ℃ of water temperatures, illumination 4500～6000lx also carry out daily cleaning; Seedling culture will carry out adhesive force emphatically and strengthen training, and intensive training is divided into following three phases:
First stage: the 1st, 2 weeks after the spatfall phase finishes, use small-sized immersible pump to supply water, the plus-pressure in addition of intaking not directly uses the adherance of flexible pipe flushing spatfall surperficial, per two days 1 time;
Second stage: the spatfall phase finishes the 3rd, 4 weeks of back, and height of seedling can reach (as shown in Figure 2) about 2mm.Use giant flushing adherance surface and seedling, every day 1 time.According to growing and seedling impact resistance situation, regulate pressure from low to high, but maximum pressure is no more than 2Mpa;
Phase III: the spatfall phase is used giant flushing adherance surface and seedling, every day 1 time before finishing back the 5th thoughtful plunging into the commercial sea.According to seedling impact resistance situation, regulate pressure from low to high, but maximum pressure is no more than 3Mpa;
6, throw in and marine management in the sea area: throw in described sea area and marine management is seedling, when indoor culture is above to 5mm, and the input of plunging into the commercial sea of selecting a good opportunity; The time of throwing in is selected in morning or dusk, batch operation, and the operating time of plunging into the commercial sea is no more than 2hr, keeps seedling moistening; After plunging into the commercial sea, in 3 months weekly 1 time with giant flushing cleaning surface deposits, alleviate of the interference of sessile form animals and plants to seedling, long until seedling to more than the 1.2cm height.
Claims (3)
1. the method for a plantation mouse tail algae on the hard adherance is characterized in that may further comprise the steps: the adherance preliminary treatment, and prepare in the pond of collecting seedling, and plants that algae is prepared, collects seedling, seedling culture, throw in the sea area and marine the management;
Described adherance preliminary treatment is that external diameter is not more than 1 meter hard adherance, fresh water or sea water immersion before using more than 2d, and there is attachment on removal adherance surface;
Prepare in the described pond of collecting seedling, and the pond of collecting seedling is positioned at canopy shape workshop, and the workshop of collecting seedling requires air penetrating, and illumination, temperature suit, and indoor light can reach 40～50% of outdoor natural light, regulates illumination through carrying additionally black braiding lace curtaining; The cement pit of the usefulness of collecting seedling with the sterilization of 5～10mg/L potassium permanganate solution and rinse well, is put the adherance of handling well at the bottom of the pond;
Described kind of algae prepared, select to grow healthy and strong, side shoot is many, to have more ripe receptacle and grow full, color and luster be that cervine mouse tail algae frond is as kind of an algae; Carry out dry in the shade stimulation before the use, the method for dry in the shade stimulation is, will plant algae and be placed on the shady and cool preferably place of circulation of air and spread out and leave standstill 50～70min, and dehydration rate is controlled at 50%～60%; Dry in the shade good kind algae earlier through cleaning, clear up harmful organisms and aufwuch;
Described collecting seedling with the kind algae behind the dry in the shade stimulation, evenly is laid in the adherance top in the water body; Intensity of illumination is 3000～4000lx; 22 ± 2 ℃ of water temperatures are deposited on the adherance surface with regard to having abundant fertilized egg behind 2～3d, shift out kind of an algae; Keep the former 2d that has ready conditions constant, promptly change the seedling culture stage over to;
Described seedling culture is after the end of collecting seedling, through the spatfall phase of 2d, the water level of loweing; With current flushing adherance surface, lip-deep sediments and scattered algae branch to be rinsed well, the whole seedling culture phase continued more than 4 weeks; Time is long more, and seedling is big more, helps final-period management more and becomes to live; Keep water quality to upgrade during this time, 22 ± 2 ℃ of water temperatures, illumination 4500～6000lx, and carry out daily cleaning; The seedling culture phase will be carried out adhesive force emphatically and strengthened training, and intensive training is divided into following three phases;
First stage: the spatfall phase finished for the 1st, 2 weeks, used small-sized immersible pump to supply water, and the plus-pressure in addition of intaking not directly uses the adherance of flexible pipe flushing spatfall surperficial, and maximum pressure is no more than 1Mpa, per two days 1 time;
Second stage: the spatfall phase finished for the 3rd, 4 weeks, used giant flushing adherance surface and seedling, every day 1 time; According to seedling impact resistance situation, regulate pressure from low to high, maximum pressure is no more than 2Mpa;
Phase III: the spatfall phase is used giant flushing adherance surface and seedling, every day 1 time before finishing the 5th thoughtful plunging into the commercial sea; According to seedling development and impact resistance situation, regulate pressure from low to high, maximum pressure is no more than 3Mpa;
Throw in marine management in described sea area, seedling when indoor culture is above to the 5mm height, the input of plunging into the commercial sea of selecting a good opportunity; The time of throwing in is selected in morning or dusk, batch operation, and the operating time of plunging into the commercial sea is no more than 2hr, keeps seedling moistening; Plunge into the commercial sea in back 3 months weekly 1～2 time with giant flushing cleaning surface deposits, alleviate of the interference of sessile form animals and plants seedling, long until seedling to more than the 1.2cm height.
2. a kind of method of on the hard adherance, planting mouse tail algae according to claim 1 is characterized in that artificial fishing bank or cement components that described hard adherance is stone, oceanic pasture.
3. a kind of method of on the hard adherance, planting mouse tail algae according to claim 1; It is characterized in that described kind of algae in the cleaning behind the dry in the shade stimulation for after mixing by 0.1%～0.2% mass volume ratio with urea and seawater, said kind of algae of soaking flushing 5～10 minutes.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103004576A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-03 | 山东省海水养殖研究所 | Method for artificially cultivating Sargassum thunbergii in intertidal zones |
| CN103444505A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-18 | 山东省海水养殖研究所 | Method for propagating sargassum thunbergii in intertidal zones |
| CN103843653A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-11 | 曾建 | High-quality high-yield seedling culture method of undaria pinnatifida |
| CN104488690A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-08 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Gracilaria seaweed algal turf repairing method |
| CN104521732A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Ecological restoration method of gracilaria algae |
| CN104542236A (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2015-04-29 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Artificial reproduction method for wild kelps |
| CN105993907A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-12 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Seedling collecting method and early breeding method of sargassum thunbergii |
| CN106718814A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of sargassum thunbergii seedling is collected seedling with attachment base and preparation method thereof |
| CN106718813A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of slow-release fertilizer nutritional preparation suitable for the new attachment base of collecting seedling of sargassum thunbergii |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103004576A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-03 | 山东省海水养殖研究所 | Method for artificially cultivating Sargassum thunbergii in intertidal zones |
| CN103444505A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-18 | 山东省海水养殖研究所 | Method for propagating sargassum thunbergii in intertidal zones |
| CN103444505B (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-12-02 | 山东省海水养殖研究所 | The method of a kind of sargassum thunbergii intertidal zone propagation |
| CN103843653A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-11 | 曾建 | High-quality high-yield seedling culture method of undaria pinnatifida |
| CN104488690A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-08 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Gracilaria seaweed algal turf repairing method |
| CN104542236A (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2015-04-29 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Artificial reproduction method for wild kelps |
| CN104521732A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Ecological restoration method of gracilaria algae |
| CN105993907A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-12 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Seedling collecting method and early breeding method of sargassum thunbergii |
| CN106718814A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of sargassum thunbergii seedling is collected seedling with attachment base and preparation method thereof |
| CN106718813A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of slow-release fertilizer nutritional preparation suitable for the new attachment base of collecting seedling of sargassum thunbergii |
| CN106718814B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-11-08 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of sargassum thunbergii seedling is collected seedling with attachment base and preparation method thereof |
| CN106718813B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2020-05-01 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Slow-release fertilizer nutrition preparation suitable for sargassum thunbergii seedling collection attachment base |
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