CN101755596B - Tomato grafting method - Google Patents
Tomato grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101755596B CN101755596B CN2010101037490A CN201010103749A CN101755596B CN 101755596 B CN101755596 B CN 101755596B CN 2010101037490 A CN2010101037490 A CN 2010101037490A CN 201010103749 A CN201010103749 A CN 201010103749A CN 101755596 B CN101755596 B CN 101755596B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tomato grafting method, which comprises the following steps of: sowing stock seeds; sowing cions and tomato seeds when the height of stock seedling is 4-6 cm; transversely cutting off top interior leaf at a position 4-5 cm above the lignification position of the root of the stock seedling, vertically cutting downwards from the middle position of the stock stem to a depth of 0.4-0.5 cm, transversely cutting at the depth of 0.5 cm to remove half of the stock stem with an incision angle of 90 degrees; removing root at a position 1.4-1.6 cm below the stem leaf of the cion seedling, vertically cutting upwards from the middle position of the cion stem to a depth of 0.5 cm, transversely cutting at the depth of 0.5 cm to remove half of the cion stem with an incision angle of 90 degrees; butting the incision of the stock and the incision of the cion and fixing with a fixture. Since the incisions of the stock and the cion are right angles, the contact area of the joint is large, the joint can be healed up completely, the incisions of the stock and the cion have strong affinity, and the survival rate reaches more than 93 percent. After grafting, a produced tomato variety has remarkably enhanced root-knot nematode disease resisting capability and TY virus resisting capability, and the yield of tomatoes is obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grafting method of tomato, belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
Tomato is one of main vegetables of China, because plantation year after year, various diseases such as root knot nematode disease and soil-borne disease take place more and more heavier; Cause the drought resisting, cold-resistant, low temperature resistant of tomato; Disease-resistant, insect resistance capacity descends, and causes the fruit-setting rate of tomato low, yields poorly.At present, cultivating tomato adopts the plantation of seedling raising and transplanting field planting seedling more, and grafting is not also extensively promoted in the production, and graft technology is immature, and the stock that is suitable for cultivating tomato is relatively deficienter, lacks graft technology.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention will solve is the deficiency to prior art, and a kind of grafting method of tomato is provided, the tomato variety that utilizes this method to obtain, and the ability of its root-knot nematode resistant and anti-TY virus is strong, output is high.
For overcoming the above problems, technical scheme of the present invention is following: a kind of grafting method of tomato is characterized in that: said grafting method may further comprise the steps:
(1), the cultivation of rootstock seedling and scion seedling
First sowing stock seed, when rootstock seedling height during at 4-6 centimetre, sowing scion tamato seed;
(2), the grafting of stock and scion
When 10-12 centimetre of stock height of seedling, the thick 0.4-0.5 of stem centimetre, 10-12 centimetre of scion height of seedling in the time of the thick 0.4-0.5 of stem centimetre, carries out grafting;
The above 4-5 centimeters in rootstock seedling base portion lignification position, horizontal truncated lobus cardiacus, the vertical incision from the centre position of stock stem, the degree of depth is 0.4-0.5 centimetre, 0.5 centimetre of degree of depth place crosscut, excision 1/2 stock stem wherein, 90 ° of otch angles;
The 1.4-1.6 centimeters is removed root under scion seedling cauline leaf, vertically cuts from the centre position of scion stem, and the degree of depth is 0.5 centimetre, 0.5 centimetre of degree of depth place crosscut, and excision 1/2 scion stem wherein, 90 ° of otch angles;
Otch with stock docks with the otch of scion then, fixes with fixture.
Further improvement as technique scheme:
Stock after the grafting and scion are placed in the greenhouse by solar heat, and day temperature is controlled at the 25-30 degree, and nocturnal temperature is controlled at the 16-20 degree, and humidity remains on 90-95% round the clock, when scion grows young leaves, takes down fixture behind the slow seedling.
Said stock is an eggplant rootstock.
Said eggplant rootstock is wild " African red eggplant " eggplant rootstock.
Said eggplant rootstock is wild " Solanum Torvum " eggplant rootstock.
Said scion is " a cherry tomato ".
Said scion is " a middle shape fruit tomato ".
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, compared with prior art, has the following advantages: use the conventional tomato variety of wild " African red eggplant " stock or " Solanum Torvum " stock grafting; The otch of stock and scion is the right angle; The interface contact-making surface is big, and healing is complete, and affinity is strong; Survival rate reaches more than 93%, and the root-knot nematode resistant ability of tomato variety and anti-TY virus capable significantly strengthen after the grafting, output is improved significantly.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further:
Specific embodiment
Embodiment carries out the test of winter planting rearing tomatoes in Xi Chen village, Wen Jia street, Shouguang City, Shandong Province greenhouse by solar heat, the time is in August, 2007-2008 year May and in August, 2008-2009 year May, and selected greenhouse by solar heat root-knot nematode morbidity is comparatively serious.
The grafting method of tomato carries out according to following steps:
(1) selects stock
Select well developed root system, drought resisting, cold-resistant, adverse circumstance growth potential is good; Soil is barren can grow, and fertile growing way is strong, and is low temperature resistant, anti-soil-borne disease, insect pest; Grafting affinity is strong, and survival rate is high, the tangible high-quality of wild species property " African red eggplant " and " Solanum Torvum " eggplant rootstock.
(2) select scion
The selection commodity property is good, anti-accumulating, quality better, high yield type cherry tomato or middle shape fruit tomato, this test and Selection conventional cultivation kind " 1,100 fringe ", " good luck " and " red Buddhist nun "; Wherein, " 1,100 fringe ", " good luck " are that Taiwan breeding agricultural Co., Ltd produces " cherry tomato " type seed, and " red Buddhist nun " is that Israel Ai Ma seeds company produces " middle shape fruit tomato " type seed.
(3) cultivation of scion seedling and rootstock seedling
In greenhouse by solar heat, prepare nutrition soil, select the cave dish in 105 holes, the nutrition soil of packing into; Broadcast the stock seed earlier, the stock height of seedling is about 4-6 centimetre after 30 days, and rootstock seedling is moved to 75 holes dish; Behind 3 to 5 days slow seedlings, select 105 holes dish to install nutrition soil again, broadcast tomato scion kind.
When the stock seed was sowed about 60 days, 10-12 centimetre of stock height of seedling, the thick 0.4-0.5 of stock stem centimetre, ingraftment seed was sowed about 25 days, and 10-12 centimetre of scion height of seedling, gets final product grafting by the thick 0.4-0.5 of scion stem centimetre.
(4) grafting of stock and scion
Select to carry out grafting with height and the thick corresponding to scion seedling of stem of rootstock seedling, in the higher position of rootstock seedling base portion degree of lignification, with more than this position 5 centimetres than tender tissue; With the directly horizontal truncated lobus cardiacus of sterilization sterile razor blade, the vertical incision from the centre position of stock stem, the degree of depth is 0.5 centimetre; 0.5 centimetre of degree of depth place crosscut, excision 1/2 stock stem wherein, 90 ° of otch angles; 1.5 centimeters are removed root under the cauline leaf of scion seedling, vertically cut from scion seedling stem centre position again, and the degree of depth is 0.5 centimetre; 0.5 centimetre of degree of depth place crosscut, excision 1/2 scion stem wherein, 90 ° of otch angles; With the otch of stock and the horizontal flat vertical parallel docking of otch of scion, fix with Grafting clip then, the grafting process is carried out in 75 hole seedling dishes.
(5) management of grafting
In greenhouse by solar heat, make a bow canopy, 75 holes of good stock of grafting and scion are coiled to be placed on bend in the canopy, cover straw mat on the bow canopy and shelter from heat or light; Temperature is controlled at the 25-30 degree daytime, is controlled at the 16-20 degree evening, and humidity remains on 90-95% round the clock, after 5-7 days with the degree of being of not wilting; Beginning is a small amount of ventilates, and strengthens ventilation later on gradually, and sees scattered light successively; Throw off straw mat in morning and evening, when scion grows young leaves, interface heals; Throw off straw mat, general grafting got final product field planting after 20 days, the Grafting clip of dismantling behind the slow seedling.
(6) field planting
Adopt size row planting method, 90 centimetres of big row, 50 centimetres of little row, 45 centimetres of spacing in the rows.
2 experimental group and 1 control group are set; The experimental group plantation is with " African red eggplant " stock " 1,100 fringe ", " good luck ", " red Buddhist nun " tomato with the grafting of " Solanum Torvum " stock difference; Totally six kinds; Control group plantation " 1,100 fringe ", " good luck ", " red Buddhist nun " seedling tomato, totally three kinds.
" 1,100 fringe " growing tomatoes 2 row with " African red eggplant " grafting; Seedling tomato " 1,100 fringe " plantation 2 row; " good luck " growing tomatoes 2 row of " African red eggplant " grafting; Seedling tomato " good luck " plantation 2 row, " red Buddhist nun " growing tomatoes 2 row of " African red eggplant " grafting, seedling tomato " red Buddhist nun " plantation 2 row; " 1,100 fringe " growing tomatoes 2 row of " Solanum Torvum " grafting; Seedling tomato " 1,100 fringe " plantation 2 row; " good luck " growing tomatoes 2 row of " Solanum Torvum " grafting; Seedling tomato " good luck " plantation 2 row, " red Buddhist nun " growing tomatoes 2 row of " Solanum Torvum " grafting, seedling tomato " red Buddhist nun " plantation 2 row.
Repeated to plant five times at 2008-2009, its managerial skills are consistent, and are ripe in identical environmental condition, get the mean value of five tests, and the viral situation of root-knot nematode situation, TY and the output situation of experimental group and control group compared.
Root knot nematode disease and TY virus state of an illness index calculation method are following:
Root-knot nematode hazard rating standard such as following table:
| Onset grade | Symptom is described |
| 0 grade | Root is normal, does not have visible root knot |
| 1 grade | A small amount of root knot is arranged on 1/3rd following roots |
| 3 grades | The root knot is arranged on 1/3rd to 1/2nd |
| 5 grades | The root knot is arranged on 1/2nd above roots, the root knot takes place in a small amount of secondary root |
| 7 grades | On all roots, comprise and also cover with the root knot in the secondary root |
TY virus hazard rating standard such as following table:
| Onset grade | Symptom is described |
| 0 grade | Overground stem and leaf growth are normal, and blade does not have TY virus harm shape |
| 1 grade | / 4th following top tender leafs have a small amount of TY virus harm shape |
| 3 grades | Three/with stem upper blade once a small amount of TY virus harm shape is arranged |
| 5 grades | / 2nd above stem middle and upper part blades have a large amount of TY virus harm shapes |
| 7 grades | Whole plant is by the TY virus infections, and harm is serious, can not form output |
Result of the test:
One, root-knot nematode situation
Since on February 25th, 2009, the seedling tomato began to have the generation of the sick worm of a small amount of root tie lines, and grafting is not checked through root knot nematode disease.
To on March 10th, 2009, seedling tomato root knot nematode disease index reached 17.8%, and the root knot nematode disease index of grafting is 0%.
To on March 25th, 2009, seedling root knot nematode disease index reached 25.1%, and the root knot nematode disease index of grafting is 0%.
Grafting finishes to gathering root knot nematode disease does not take place, and thus, the tomato variety root-knot nematode resistant ability that tomato grafting method of the present invention obtains is strong.
Two, TY virus situation
Since on February 18th, 2009, the seedling tomato began to have the generation of a small amount of TY virus, and grafting is not checked through TY virus.
To on March 7th, 2009, seedling tomato TY virus disease index reached 15%, and the TY virus disease index of grafting is 0%.
To on March 25th, 2009, seedling root knot nematode disease index reached 30.2%, and the TY virus disease index of grafting is 0%.
Grafting finishes to gathering TY virus does not take place, and thus, the anti-TY virus capable of tomato variety that tomato grafting method of the present invention obtains is strong.
Three, output situation
The average yield of experimental group and control group such as following table:
Can find out that from the data of last table output improves 46.6% after " 1,100 fringe " tomato utilization " African red eggplant " grafting, output improves 38.3% after utilization " Solanum Torvum " grafting.
Output improves 38.0% after " good luck " tomato utilization " African red eggplant " grafting, and output improves 26.7% after utilization " Solanum Torvum " grafting.
Output improves 34.6% after " red Buddhist nun " tomato utilization " African red eggplant " grafting, improves 32.7% after utilization " Solanum Torvum " grafting output.
Four, survival rate situation
Claims (6)
1. the grafting method of a tomato, it is characterized in that: said grafting method may further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivation of scion seedling and rootstock seedling
In greenhouse by solar heat, prepare nutrition soil, select the cave dish in 105 holes, the nutrition soil of packing into; Broadcast the stock seed earlier, the stock height of seedling is 4-6 centimetre after 30 days, and rootstock seedling is moved to 75 holes dish; Behind 3 to 5 days slow seedlings, select 105 holes dish to install nutrition soil again, broadcast tomato scion kind;
When the stock seed was sowed about 60 days, 10-12 centimetre of stock height of seedling, the thick 0.4-0.5 of stock stem centimetre, ingraftment seed was sowed about 25 days, and 10-12 centimetre of scion height of seedling, gets final product grafting by the thick 0.4-0.5 of scion stem centimetre;
(2) grafting of stock and scion
Select to carry out grafting with height and the thick corresponding to scion seedling of stem of rootstock seedling, in the higher position of rootstock seedling base portion degree of lignification, with more than this position 5 centimetres than tender tissue; With the directly horizontal truncated lobus cardiacus of sterilization sterile razor blade, the vertical incision from the centre position of stock stem, the degree of depth is 0.5 centimetre; 0.5 centimetre of degree of depth place crosscut, excision 1/2 stock stem wherein, 90 ° of otch angles; 1.5 centimeters are removed root under the cauline leaf of scion seedling, vertically cut from scion seedling stem centre position again, and the degree of depth is 0.5 centimetre; 0.5 centimetre of degree of depth place crosscut, excision 1/2 scion stem wherein, 90 ° of otch angles; With the otch of stock and the horizontal flat vertical parallel docking of otch of scion, fix with Grafting clip then, the grafting process is carried out in 75 hole seedling dishes;
(3) management of grafting
In greenhouse by solar heat, make a bow canopy, 75 holes of good stock of grafting and scion are coiled to be placed on bend in the canopy, cover straw mat on the bow canopy and shelter from heat or light; Temperature is controlled at the 25-30 degree daytime, is controlled at the 16-20 degree evening, and humidity remains on 90-95% round the clock, after 5-7 days with the degree of being of not wilting; Beginning is a small amount of ventilates, and strengthens ventilation later on gradually, and sees scattered light successively; Throw off straw mat in morning and evening, when scion grows young leaves, interface heals; Throw off straw mat, grafting got final product field planting after 20 days, the Grafting clip of dismantling behind the slow seedling;
(4) field planting
Adopt size row planting method, 90 centimetres of big row, 50 centimetres of little row, 45 centimetres of spacing in the rows.
2. the grafting method of a kind of tomato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: said stock is an eggplant rootstock.
3. the grafting method of a kind of tomato as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: said stock is wild " African red eggplant " stock.
4. the grafting method of a kind of tomato as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: said stock is wild " Solanum Torvum " stock.
5. the grafting method of a kind of tomato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: said scion is the cherry tomato.
6. the grafting method of a kind of tomato as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said scion is middle shape fruit tomato.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101037490A CN101755596B (en) | 2010-02-02 | 2010-02-02 | Tomato grafting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101037490A CN101755596B (en) | 2010-02-02 | 2010-02-02 | Tomato grafting method |
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| CN101755596A CN101755596A (en) | 2010-06-30 |
| CN101755596B true CN101755596B (en) | 2012-01-11 |
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| CN2010101037490A Expired - Fee Related CN101755596B (en) | 2010-02-02 | 2010-02-02 | Tomato grafting method |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN107182564A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-22 | 佛山市茂源环保科技开发有限公司 | A kind of root system engrafting method of katsura tree |
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| CN103843589A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-11 | 岑熙 | Wild head-changing grafting technology for solanaceous plants |
| CN103340103A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-10-09 | 江苏开昌农业综合开发科技有限公司 | Compound cultivation method for grafting tomato on potato |
| CN103609311B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-11-18 | 贵州平坝宝地农业科技产业有限公司 | A kind of method of cultivating growth and melon rate height tomato fast |
| CN104272981B (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2016-04-27 | 定远县金胜农业开发有限公司 | A kind of grafting method of tomato |
| CN104813850A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-08-05 | 广西大学 | Grafting method for tomato |
| CN105532268A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-05-04 | 祝忠新 | Tomato grafting technology |
| CN105684738A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-22 | 张月强 | Sunlight greenhouse tomato culture method |
| CN106376357B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2019-09-20 | 石新法 | A kind of method of fructus lycii grafting tomato |
| CN107873287A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-06 | 霍邱县范圩蔬菜种植专业合作社 | A kind of engrafting method of tomato |
| CN111357514A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-07-03 | 光泽县富民蔬菜专业合作社 | Tomato double-stock grafting method |
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2010
- 2010-02-02 CN CN2010101037490A patent/CN101755596B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107182564A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-22 | 佛山市茂源环保科技开发有限公司 | A kind of root system engrafting method of katsura tree |
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| CN101755596A (en) | 2010-06-30 |
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