CN101707986B - Pelteobagrus vachelli and pseudobagrus ussuriensis cross breeding method - Google Patents
Pelteobagrus vachelli and pseudobagrus ussuriensis cross breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101707986B CN101707986B CN2009102346681A CN200910234668A CN101707986B CN 101707986 B CN101707986 B CN 101707986B CN 2009102346681 A CN2009102346681 A CN 2009102346681A CN 200910234668 A CN200910234668 A CN 200910234668A CN 101707986 B CN101707986 B CN 101707986B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a pelteobagrus vachelli and pseudobagrus ussuriensis cross breeding method, which is characterized by comprising the steps of parent selection and breeding, outbreeding, cross bred fingerling culture and the like. By the pelteobagrus vachelli and pseudobagrus ussuriensis cross breeding method, a crossbreed of pelteobagrus vachelli and pseudobagrus ussuriensis, which has rapid growth, strong disease resistance and excellent meat quality can be obtained; and the method has significance for improving specific yield, breeding benefit, and serving production practice.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of food fish breed method, especially fish hybridization breeding method, intend the Chang cross breeding method in specifically a kind of Pelteobagrus vachelli and the Usu.
Background technology
Crossbreeding is the most classical breeding method.Dissimilar parents are hybridized, and can obtain reconfiguring and filial generation that type is abundant of gene, and some type may be the combination of parents' merit, super parents' merit also may occur.In fishery, heterotic utilization has become the important channel of improving fishery production.
Intend yellow cartfish that Chang (Pseudobagrusussuriensis) is subordinate to Silurformes Chang section respectively in Pelteobagrus vachelli (Pelteobagrus vachelli) and the Usu and belong to and intend Chang and belong to, be two kinds and equally do not belong to fish together.These two kinds of fish are the main economic fish of China Chang section, because of its fine and tender taste, delicious flavour, liked by vast consumption consumer, have ripe consumption market in China.China began to carry out the artificial propagation of these two kinds of fish and raise and train at the beginning of 21 century, and achieved success, and in Jiangsu, provinces such as Hubei, Liaoning begin to promote and culture.In order further to optimize these two kinds of fish culture performance structures, utilize crossbreeding technology to carry out distant hybridization with intending Chang in Pelteobagrus vachelli and the Usu, carry out the reorganization of fish gene, be expected to obtain to have the crossbreed that growth is fast, resistance against diseases is strong and meat is excellent, improve specific yield, culture benefit.Have not yet to see the technology report of intending Chang crossbreeding aspect in relevant Pelteobagrus vachelli and the Usu.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is by crossbreeding technology, research and develop and a kind ofly have in Pelteobagrus vachelli and the Usu hybridization of intending Chang parents' merit or super parents' merit and culture new product, thereby be the production practices service.
Technical scheme of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) parent selects and cultivates
In the autumn of breeding the previous year, select to intend Chang as the crossbreed parent in Pelteobagrus vachelli that 2 full ages are above, milter body weight 0.6kg is above, raun body weight 0.3kg is above and the Usu that 2 full ages are above, milter body weight 0.25kg is above, raun body weight 0.1kg is above, according to every mu of 150～200kg they are put in a suitable place to breed and in same pond, to carry out reinforced cultivating, throw something and feed manufactured feed and fish gruel of nurturing period, beginning every bath in 10～15 days once after the beginning of spring, each 1～2 hour, impel gonad maturity;
2) outbreeding
1. artificial induced spawning
When the pond water temperature is stabilized in more than 22 ℃, can begin to select belly to expand softness, gonopore above raun in little red 3 ages in winter and the little red above milter in 3 ages in winter of gonapophysis and carry out artificial induced spawning, oxytocic drug comprises No. 2 (LRH-A of luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog
2), human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG), maleic acid DOM (DOM), the hormone dosage milter is 50% of a raun, the method of hastening parturition is injected by two pins, be 12～14 hours two pin blanking times, milter injection is synchronous with raun second pin, and every kilogram of Pelteobagrus vachelli raun dosage of hastening parturition is 35～40 μ g (LRH-A
2)+2000～2500IU (HCG)+3～5mg (DOM) intends Chang raun 50～60 μ g (LRH-A in every kilogram of Usu
2)+2000～2500IU (HCG)+5～7mg (DOM) separates the female milter of hastening parturition and stimulation by running water impels the sexual gland fast-ripenin;
2. smart ovum obtains
When 25 ℃ of water temperatures, raun is pressed every examination in 2～3 hours a time after hastening parturition and reaching effector phase (general second pin injection about 12 hours), the light fish belly of pressing, to there be the ovum grain to take out spawning inducing pool from the ripe raun that gonopore flows out, and dry water on the fish body with dry towel, and fish-egg clamp-oned in preprepared dry plastics basin or the bowl, squeeze ovum simultaneously according to intending Chang in Pelteobagrus vachelli ♀ * Usu
, intend Chang ♀ * Pelteobagrus vachelli in the Usu
The milter that combo selects a tail to hasten parturition is cut fish belly open, takes out the dendroid spermary and puts dry the stone roller in alms bowl, bowl or the culture dish, and shred spermary with scissors and discharge in the spermary sperm stand-by;
3. artificial hybridization insemination
Fish with 7% is cleaned sperm in the container that fills fish-egg with physiological saline, rocking of not stopping fully mixes the smart ovum of two kinds of different fish, carry out artificial insemination, fish-egg after will inseminating after 1～2 minute is attached on preprepared net sheet fish nest or the palm fish nest uniformly, or use the talcum powder unsticking, the artificial hybridization insemination is finished;
4. exomixis ovum hatching management
Incubating oosperm can adopt hydrostatic qi of chong channel ascending adversely hatching or the hatching of hatching cylinder unsticking, and hydrostatic hatching water temperature is controlled at 24～28 ℃.During the hatching of hatching cylinder, water velocity is controlled at and ovum can have been dashed and the cylinder bottom that do not fall; Before the incubating oosperm and hatching will be with 50～100ppm formalin soaking disinfection 10～15 minutes in the time of 24 hours; The hydrostatic hatchery depth of water is controlled at 60～80cm; Before the demoulding downright bad ovum on the fish nest is shaken off, and change the pond, avoid downright bad ovum in the demoulding process, to grow water mold and pollute hatching water, the demoulding time changes with hatching water variation of temperature, during 24 ℃ of water temperatures, incubating oosperm changed the pond about 36 hours, during 28 ℃ of water temperatures, incubating oosperm changed the pond about 24 hours, and two pond water temperature difference are less than ± 1 ℃ when changing the pond;
3) hybridization fry rearing
After the fertilized egg demoulding is finished, in time take out the fish nest, behind the demoulding 2～3 days, fry begins plankton bait such as small-sized cladocera of initial feeding and copepoda, need throw something and feed in preceding 2 days and filter plankton bait through 40 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, day throws something and feeds 2 times, after throwing something and feeding 5 days, change the seed rearing pond of having cultivated biological bait in advance over to according to every mu 3～50,000 tails, and in the pond, set up an office to increase and throw bulk eel material or the fish slurry of splashing, the number of times of throwing something and feeding is morning and afternoon each 1 time, and throwing something and feeding in the week a little is gradually reduced to 1～2 place, after concentrated the ingesting 3～5 days, change the morning and throw particle diameter 1.5～2.0mm, protein content is 38～40% granular mixed feed, all change the throwing granular mixed feed morning and afternoon after one week, and particle diameter is in time adjusted along with the increase of fish body, and size is as the criterion so that fry is agreeable to the taste.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with embodiment below.
Intend the Chang cross breeding method in a kind of Pelteobagrus vachelli and the Usu, comprise the following steps:
1, the parent selects and cultivates
Autumn in 2007, select the Pelteobagrus vachelli that 2 full ages are above and anosis nothing is hindered, milter body weight 0.6kg is above, raun body weight 0.3kg is above and intend Chang respectively as the crossbreed parent more than 2 full ages and in the Usu that anosis nothing is hindered, milter body weight 0.25kg is above, raun body weight 0.1kg is above, female milter ratio is 2:1, put 150～200kg in a suitable place to breed for every mu, 1.5 meters of the pond depth of waters, throw something and feed manufactured feed and fish gruel of nurturing period, begin by the end of March once every bath in 10～15 days, each 1～2 hour, impel gonad maturity;
2, outbreeding
1) artificial induced spawning
2008, in late May, 2009～early July, doing the pool selects belly to expand softness, the little red raun of gonopore and the little red milter of gonapophysis to carry out artificial induced spawning, 22～28 ℃ of the water temperatures of hastening parturition, oxytocic drug and dosage: every kilogram of Pelteobagrus vachelli raun 35～40 μ g (LRH-A
2)+2000～2500IU (HCG)+3～5mg (DOM) intends Chang raun 50～60 μ g (LRH-A in every kilogram of Usu
2)+2000～2500IU (HCG)+5～7mg (DOM), milter dosage is 50% of raun, the mode of hastening parturition adopts the injection of two pin thoracic cavities, be 12 hours two pin blanking times, the milter injection is carried out simultaneously with raun second pin, the female milter of hastening parturition is separately put in a suitable place to breed in 4 net cages, and with little pump water lift stimulation by running water, spawning rate can reach more than 90%.
2) smart ovum obtains
There are close ties raun effector phase and time, and during 22 ℃ of left and right sides of water temperature, effector phase is 18～20 hours; When 25 ℃ of water temperatures, effector phase is about 12 hours; Effector phase is about 10 hours in the time of 28 ℃; When reaching effector phase, raun begins to check whether parent population can lay eggs, method gently presses fish belly then can begin manually to squeeze ovum if any the ovum grain from the smooth outflow of gonopore, dry the water on the produced raun body of picking out with dry towel, and fish-egg clamp-oned the preprepared plastic basin, crowded ovum is selected the male parent population not of the same race with raun of having hastened parturition simultaneously, cut fish belly open, taking out the dendroid spermary with tweezers puts in the dry stone roller alms bowl, and shred spermary to pulpous state with scissors, discharge in the spermary sperm stand-by.
3) artificial hybridization insemination
Fish with 7% is cleaned sperm in the container that fills fish-egg with physiological saline, rocking of not stopping fully mixes the smart ovum of two kinds of different fish, carry out artificial insemination, fish-egg after will inseminating after 1～2 minute is laid in preprepared net sheet fish nest uniformly with tubule, or with changing the hatching of hatching cylinder after the talcum powder unsticking over to, general fertilization rate can reach 70～80%, and is approaching with these two kinds of fish selfing results.
4) exomixis ovum hatching management
Incubating oosperm can adopt hydrostatic qi of chong channel ascending adversely hatching or the hatching of hatching cylinder unsticking, is controlled at 24～28 ℃ if any temperature control condition hydrostatic hatching water temperature, is preferably about 26 ℃, can improve incubation rate greatly like this.During the hatching of hatching cylinder, water velocity is controlled at and ovum can have been dashed and the cylinder bottom degree of being deposited as that do not fall; To prevent and treat the generation of saprolegniasis before the incubating oosperm in the time of 24 hours with 50～100ppm formalin soaking disinfection in 10～15 minutes with hatching; Hydrostatic hatchery (single pond 5～6m
2) depth of water is controlled at 60～80cm; Before the demoulding downright bad ovum on the fish nest is shaken off, and change the pond, avoid downright bad ovum in the demoulding process, to grow water mold and pollute hatching water, the demoulding time changes with hatching water variation of temperature, during 24 ℃ of water temperatures, incubating oosperm changed the pond about 36 hours, during 28 ℃ of water temperatures, incubating oosperm changed the pond about 24 hours, and two pond water temperature difference are less than ± 1 ℃ when changing the pond;
3, hybridization fry rearing
After the fertilized egg demoulding is finished, in time take out the fish nest, and carry out early stage in the hatchery and cultivate, just the fry golden yellow of demoulding is deposited at the bottom of the pond, behind the demoulding 2～3 days, fry begins to change black and is pasting the pool wall upstream, this moment, fry began opening, the bait of hybridization fish opening is small-sized cladocera and copepoda, so this moment must be from the bait pool with 80～100 purpose plankton nets fish for these zooplanktons and with the filtration of 40 mesh sieve thin,tough silk afterwards meiofauna throw something and feed and ingest to fry, the plankton that the biological net of directly throwing something and feeding after throwing something and feeding 2 days is fished for, day throws something and feeds 2 times, morning and afternoon respectively once, after plankton was thrown something and fed 5 days, fry can grow to about 1cm, change the seed rearing pond (generally putting preceding 7～10 the Heavenly Stems pool fertilising water inlet in a suitable place to breed) of having cultivated biological bait in advance this moment over to according to every mu 3～50,000 tails, and in the pond, set up an office and set up the food platform and increase and throw bulk eel material or the fish slurry of splashing, the number of times of throwing something and feeding be morning and afternoon each 1 time, lower storage reservoir is thrown something and fed in one week and a little is gradually reduced to 1～2 place, after treating concentrated ingesting 3～5 days, change the morning and throw particle diameter 1.5～2.0mm, protein content is 38～40% granular mixed feed, all change the throwing granular mixed feed morning and afternoon after one week, particle diameter is in time adjusted along with the increase of fish body, size is as the criterion so that fry is agreeable to the taste, and whole domestication process is lasted about about 15～20 days.
Intend the Chang cross breeding method in above-mentioned a kind of Pelteobagrus vachelli and the Usu, have following advantage:
1, spawning rate, fertilization rate, incubation rate and seed rearing survival rate and this two kinds of fish selfings basically identical as a result in the distant hybridization of the present invention combination reproductive process, its hybrid combination goes for extensive hybrid seedlings production fully.
2, the economic characters of hybrid combination performance such as ingestion ability, growth rate and resistance against diseases are all superior than the self-bred progeny performance, and this is combined as the commercial crossbreeding combination, has good popularizing application prospect.
Claims (8)
1. intend the Chang cross breeding method in Pelteobagrus vachelli and the Usu, it is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
1) parent selects and cultivates
In the autumn of breeding the previous year, select to intend Chang as the crossbreed parent in Pelteobagrus vachelli that 2 full ages are above, milter body weight 0.6kg is above, raun body weight 0.3kg is above and the Usu that 2 full ages are above, milter body weight 0.25kg is above, raun body weight 0.1kg is above, put in a suitable place to breed and in the pond, carry out reinforced cultivating, throw something and feed manufactured feed and fish gruel of nurturing period, and regularly bath impels gonad maturity;
2) outbreeding
1. artificial induced spawning
When the pond water temperature is stabilized in more than 22 ℃, can begin to select belly to expand softness, gonopore above raun in little red 3 ages in winter and the little red above milter in 3 ages in winter of gonapophysis and carry out artificial induced spawning, oxytocic drug comprises No. 2 (LRH-A of luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog
2), human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG), maleic acid DOM (DOM), the hormone dosage milter is 50% of a raun, the method of hastening parturition is injected by two pins, be 12～14 hours two pin blanking times, the milter injection is synchronous with raun second pin, and separating the female milter of hastening parturition also, stimulation by running water impels the sexual gland fast-ripenin;
2. smart ovum obtains
When 25 ℃ of water temperatures, the injection of raun second pin begins after 12 hours to check, the light fish belly of pressing, to there be the ovum grain to take out spawning inducing pool, and dry water on the fish body, and fish-egg will be clamp-oned in preprepared dry plastics basin or the bowl with dry towel from the ripe raun that gonopore flows out, the male fish not of the same race of selecting a tail to hasten parturition, cut fish belly open, take out the dendroid spermary and put in dry stone roller alms bowl, bowl or the culture dish, and shred spermary with scissors and discharge in the spermary sperm stand-by;
3. artificial hybridization insemination
Fish with 7% is cleaned sperm in the container that fills fish-egg with physiological saline, rocking of not stopping fully mixes the smart ovum of two kinds of different fish, carry out artificial insemination, fish-egg after will inseminating after 1～2 minute is attached on preprepared net sheet fish nest or the palm fish nest uniformly, or use the talcum powder unsticking, the artificial hybridization insemination is finished;
4. exomixis ovum hatching management
Incubating oosperm can adopt hydrostatic qi of chong channel ascending adversely hatching or the hatching of hatching cylinder unsticking, hydrostatic hatching water temperature is controlled at 24～28 ℃, and fertilized egg is shaken off downright bad ovum on the fish nest through about 24～36 hours hatching, and change the pond, avoid downright bad ovum in the demoulding process, to grow water mold and pollute hatching water; During the hatching of hatching cylinder, water velocity is controlled at and ovum can have been dashed and the cylinder bottom that do not fall; To use the medicine soaking disinfection with hatching in the time of 24 hours before the incubating oosperm;
3) hybridization fry rearing
After the fertilized egg demoulding is finished, in time take out the fish nest, behind the demoulding 2～3 days, fry begins initial feeding microplankton bait, need throw something and feed in preceding 2 days and filter plankton bait through 40 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, day throws something and feeds 2 times, after throwing something and feeding 5 days, change the seed rearing pond of having cultivated biological bait in advance over to according to every mu 3～50,000 tails, and in the pond, set up an office to increase and throw bulk eel material or the fish slurry of splashing, the number of times of throwing something and feeding is morning and afternoon each 1 time, and throwing something and feeding in the week a little is gradually reduced to 1～2 place, after concentrated the ingesting 3～5 days, change the morning and throw particle diameter 1.5～2.0mm, protein content is 38～40% granular mixed feed, all change the throwing granular mixed feed morning and afternoon after one week, and particle diameter is in time adjusted along with the increase of fish body, and size is as the criterion so that fry is agreeable to the taste.
2. intend the Chang cross breeding method in a kind of Pelteobagrus vachelli according to claim 1 and the Usu, it is characterized in that parent fish rearing puts in a suitable place to breed according to every mu of 150～200kg, after the beginning of spring beginning every bath in 10～15 days once, each 1～2 hour.
3. intend the Chang cross breeding method in a kind of Pelteobagrus vachelli according to claim 1 and the Usu, it is characterized in that adopting hormotone to hasten parturition, the dosage of hastening parturition is every kilogram of Pelteobagrus vachelli raun 35～40 μ g (LRH-A
2)+2000～2500IU (HCG)+3～5mg (DOM) intends Chang raun 50～60 μ g (LRH-A in every kilogram of Usu
2)+2000～2500IU (HCG)+5～7mg (DOM).
4. intend the Chang cross breeding method in a kind of Pelteobagrus vachelli according to claim 1 and the Usu, it is characterized in that raun is hastened parturition reaches after effector phase by going out to lay eggs raun and extrude fish-egg every an examination in 2～3 hours, and crowded ovum adopts extremely hero to get spermary and shred the release sperm with scissors simultaneously.
5. intend the Chang cross breeding method in a kind of Pelteobagrus vachelli according to claim 1 and the Usu, it is characterized in that before the hatching and hatching process with 50～100ppm formalin soaking disinfection 10～15 minutes, the hydrostatic hatchery depth of water is 60～80cm.
6. intend the Chang cross breeding method in a kind of Pelteobagrus vachelli according to claim 1 and the Usu, it is characterized in that the demoulding time changes with hatching water variation of temperature, during 24 ℃ of water temperatures, incubating oosperm changed the pond about 36 hours, during 28 ℃ of water temperatures, incubating oosperm changed the pond about 24 hours, and two pond water temperature difference are less than ± 1 ℃ when changing the pond.
7. intend the Chang cross breeding method in a kind of Pelteobagrus vachelli according to claim 1 and the Usu, it is characterized in that the plankton bait of throwing something and feeding to hybridization fry opening is cladocera and copepoda, change the kind of throwing something and feeding gradually along with the fish body increases, be converted into the granular mixed feed of ingesting until taming and dociling food.
8. according to intending the Chang cross breeding method in each described a kind of Pelteobagrus vachelli and the Usu among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that hybridizing combo according to Pelteobagrus vachelli
Intend Chang in the * Usu
Intend Chang in the Usu
* Pelteobagrus vachelli
Carry out.
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| CN102428880B (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2014-03-05 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Paracanthobrama guichenoti bleeker germ cell incubation method, as well as fry hatching method |
| CN102228681A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2011-11-02 | 吴江市水产养殖有限公司 | Fish spawning inducer and spawning induction method |
| CN103404469B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-08-05 | 华能澜沧江水电有限公司 | The artificial fecundation method of a kind of Ju Po |
| CN106577388B (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2019-08-06 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of cross breeding method of excellent No. 1 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco of Huang of improvement growth traits |
| CN107912340A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-17 | 宁夏润宝禾农业科技有限公司 | A kind of mating system of Yellow River catfish kind |
| CN111034657A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-21 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Method for marking rough micropterus salmoides fries by using circulating water culture tank in pond |
| CN115251010B (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2024-01-30 | 宁波大学 | Hybridization breeding method for female salmon and male wide fin |
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