CN101606468B - Simple method for cultivating nostoc commune and cultivating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a simple method for cultivating nostoc commune and a cultivating device. A plastic pipe is enclosed into a frame; the frame is provided with a simple cultivating device of a cultivating net with hole diameter being 0.5-3.0mm; and nutrient solution with simple prescription is used for preparing an artificial water body nostoc commune seedlings cultivating mode with each-level standard control condition and simple facility, and a natural water body nostoc commune cultivating mode with large-scale, open and large-area and simple facility, wherein the artificial water nostoc commune cultivating mode comprises a first-stage cultivation with a flask, a second-stage cultivation with a plastic bucket and a nostoc commune cultivation with a cement pool. The cultivating device is simple, convenient, economic and practical, and has the advantages of no soil amelioration, recycle and floating bed type. The cultivating method has the advantages of simple facility, standard cultivating condition and low cultivating cost, and is suitable for cultivating the nostoc commune in the natural water body with lager area.

Description

A kind of simple cultivation method and cultivation device of ground fungus

technical field

The invention relates to a method for cultivating ground fungus, in particular to a simple cultivating method and a cultivating device for ground fungus.

Background technique

Nostoc commune is a combination of fungi and algae, and its symbiotic algae is Nostoc, which is a common nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. It belongs to Cyanophyta, Nostocaceae. Dark black, a bit like soaked black fungus, hence the name. The reproduction method of the fungus is that the algae filaments are separated into several algae segments by the heterocysts, which are easily separated from the heterocysts, and each algae segment grows into a filament through cell division. Heterospores and chlamydospores are produced on the filaments for vegetative reproduction. Ground fungus is widely distributed, mostly born on wet soil surfaces, and is most common on wetlands after rain in summer. It is rich in protein, multivitamins and minerals such as phosphorus, zinc and calcium. Studies have found that a component contained in ground vegetables can inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase in the human brain, thereby producing a curative effect on Alzheimer's disease. As a cold food, it can reduce heat, astringe, replenish qi, improve eyesight, and treat night blindness and rectal prolapse; external use can cure burns, scalds, skin care and beauty, etc.

The Chinese invention patent number is 03119091.X, and the name is a method for cultivating ground fungus. The method discloses that the ground fungus is soaked in ethanol solution, washed in sterilized culture solution, put into a homogenizer, and ground into a slurry and then inoculated into the culture medium, the temperature is controlled at 10-40°C, the light intensity is controlled at 10-1800μE·m-2·s-1, the culture medium is replaced every 10-20 days, and the culture medium per cubic meter can be replaced every month. Harvesting diameter is 40kg of the fresh fungus of 3-7mm. At present, the culture methods of ground fungus are concentrated in culture vessels or artificial culture pools, which require corresponding vessels or artificial culture pools. The culture solution requires a special formula, and the culture solution needs to be replaced frequently. The culture cost is large and it is not suitable for large-scale cultivation. Area cultivation.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a simple cultivation method of Auricularia auricularia with simple and easy cultivation facilities, standardized cultivation conditions, low cultivation cost, suitable for large-area cultivation of natural water bodies, and has the advantages of soilless and recycling utilization. , floating bed type and the like; the present invention also provides a culture device suitable for the method.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a simple and easy cultivation method of Auricularia auricularia, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

a culture solution configuration: after fresh water is boiled and filtered, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients are added to the filtered fresh water to prepare a culture solution, and each 100ml of the culture solution contains nitrogen with a mass of 0.5 to 2.09 and phosphorus with a mass of 0.2 to 0.89, Make the nitrogen-phosphorus mass ratio in the culture solution be 0.625～10: 1; Nitrogen-phosphorus nutrient salt can be obtained by commercially available, also can mix by nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, the quality of nitrogen in 100ml culture solution is 1.0g, the quality of phosphorus 0.59 is better.

b Primary culture: Add the culture solution described in step a to the flask, and then inoculate the Auricularia species at a ratio of 0.2 to 1.0 g of germplasm per 100 ml of the culture solution, and then inoculate the fungus at a temperature of 15° C. to 25° C. , the light intensity is 1500-3000Lx, and the light time is 10-14 hours under the condition of cultivating, culturing until the cell density of the fungus in the culture medium reaches 50,000-100,000/ml, and the first-grade fungus culture is obtained;

c Secondary cultivation: move the above-mentioned first-level fungus culture into a plastic bucket, add the culture solution described in step a into the plastic bucket according to the volume ratio of the first-level fungus culture and culture solution in a ratio of 1:10 to 30, Then cultivate under the conditions of temperature 20°C-25°C, light intensity 3000-6000Lx, light time not less than 12 hours, and aerated culture until the algae stick together into small strips to obtain the second-grade fungus culture ;

d Auricularia seedling cultivation: move the above-mentioned secondary Auricularia culture into the cement pool, add the culture solution described in step a into the cement pool according to the ratio of the volume ratio of the secondary Auricularia culture to the culture solution of 1:8-30, The liquid level in the cement pool is 0.6-1.5m, the pH value of the liquid is 7.0-9.2, and then the temperature is 20°C-25°C, cultivated under the conditions of natural light and aerated culture during the day, and cultivated for 7-20 days to obtain Agaric seedlings sticking together into blocks;

e ground fungus cultivation: fish out the above-mentioned ground fungus seedlings with 10-60 mesh sieve silk nets, place the ground fungus seedlings on the cultivation net of a culture device floating on the natural water surface for cultivation, and let the ground fungus grow for 1-4 days per cultivation. The fungus seedlings are dried out of the natural water surface for 2 to 5 hours, and cultivated until the fungus is harvested. It can also be cultivated on the cultivation net of a cultivation device that collects wild ground fungus seedlings and puts them on the natural water surface.

In the step c, the aerated culture is placed in a plastic bucket with loose stones and/or connected with a blower to inflate.

In step d, the daytime aerated culture is to place an aerated stone every 1 to 4 square meters in the cement pool and/or connect a blower to inflate.

In step e, place 200-400 grams of the Auricularia auricula seedlings per square meter on the cultivation net; a better cultivation density can be achieved.

The culture device of the above-mentioned simple culture method comprises a frame surrounded by plastic tubes, and a culture net with a mesh aperture of 0.5-3.0 mm is arranged on the frame. The cultivation device is simple, convenient, economical and practical. The cultivation net of 0.5-3.0 mm prevents other zooplankton from entering the cultivation net, and also prevents the fungus from floating out of the mesh, and is more conducive to draining in time when it is dried. Frees water and removes blockages on the mesh. The frame can be polygonal, circular and oval etc. Plastic tube also can be replaced with bamboo tube, wood etc., and culture net can be made with gauze, nylon and vinylon etc.

Pulleys are arranged symmetrically above both sides of the frame, suspension ropes are arranged on the pulleys, and the suspension ropes are connected to the frame. Suspended by pulleys, it is convenient for the fungus to be dried when it is cultivated, and it is also conducive to the harvest of the fungus. Pulleys can be made of wood, plastic or metal etc.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of the culture solution configuration with concise formula, standardized control conditions at all levels, simple and simple artificial water body Auricularia seedling cultivation method, large-scale, open and large-scale natural water body, The method of cultivating the fungus with simple facilities, the cultivation of the seedlings of the fungus in artificial water includes primary cultivation in flasks, secondary cultivation in plastic buckets and cultivation of fungus seedlings in cement pools; The growth habits of different physiological stages of different physiological stages are cultivated with simple and easy facilities and conditions, which is conducive to improving the survival rate of Auricularia auricularia seedlings and shortening the seedling cultivation time, and is more conducive to Auricularia auricularis in natural water bodies. Large-scale large-scale production has improved the growth rate of the fungus, and the growth rate has reached 25%. The biomass of the fungus grows rapidly when it is cultivated, and it can double in general in 3 to 5 days, so that ordinary people can also carry out large-scale production. fungus. Due to the proper drying, the contact time with the harmful organisms is reduced; the blockage that may appear on the mesh of the culture net is also removed in time, and the normal exchange between the wood and the water is maintained; especially the secretion of the fungus is improved. The quantity and quality of the glial sheath increase the content of soluble dietary fiber, enhance the ability to resist environmental coercion, and thus prolong the life of the culture. The equipment cost of the present invention is relatively low, and it is easy to make. Ordinary people can use the standing materials to carry out independent cultivation as a cultivation facility. Therefore, the present invention is a kind of cultivation facility that is simple and easy to implement, with standardized cultivation conditions and low cultivation cost, and is suitable for natural A simple cultivation method of Auricularia chinensis cultivated in large area in water body.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the culture device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1

A kind of culture device of ground fungus as shown in Figure 1, comprises the frame 3 that surrounds with plastic pipe, is provided with the culture net 4 that mesh aperture is 0.5～3.0 millimeters on the frame 3, is symmetrically arranged on the top of frame 3 both sides. Pulley 1, pulley 1 is fixed with shelf, and pulley 1 is provided with suspension rope 2, and suspension rope 2 is fixedly connected with frame 3, and when the ground fungus on the cultivation net 4 is to be dried out like this, as long as pull suspension rope 2 Allow framework 3 and training net 4 to hang up, fix suspension rope 2 again and get final product. After drying out, just put down the suspension rope 2 and pull up the suspension rope 2 to drain water when harvesting simultaneously, which is also easy to harvest.

Example 2

The preparation of the culture solution of simple cultured fungus: the quality of nitrogen in 100ml of culture solution is 0.5-2.0g (about 1.0g is better), and the quality of phosphorus is 0.2-0.8g (about 0.5g is better) as a standard. Mix the commercially available nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers with boiled and filtered clean fresh water, and stir to make the culture solution. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers can also be self-mixed with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers.

Example 3

A kind of simple and easy cultivation method of Auricularia auricularia, in Erlenmeyer flask, add 2000ml of nutrient solution (the nutrient solution of above-mentioned embodiment 2, hereinafter the same), then inoculate 4～20g of Auricularia auricula and plant in Erlenmeyer flask, at temperature is 15 ℃～ Cultivate under the conditions of 25°C, light intensity of 1500-3000Lx, and light time of 10-14 hours until the cell density of the fungus in the culture solution in the Erlenmeyer flask reaches 50,000-100,000/ml, and the first-class ground fungus culture is obtained material; move the above-mentioned first-class ground fungus culture into a plastic bucket, then add about 40,000ml of culture solution into the plastic bucket (other buckets and bags can also be used instead), and then keep the temperature at 20°C to 25°C and the light intensity at 3000°C. ～6000Lx, the light time is not less than 12 hours (13, 14, 15, 16, 18 hours, etc. can be used), cultivated under the condition of aerated culture with loose air stones, cultivated until the algae sticks into small strips, and obtains the second grade Ground fungus culture: move the above-mentioned secondary ground fungus culture into the cement pool, and then add about 800,000ml of culture solution into the cement pool, so that the liquid level in the cement pool is controlled at 0.6-1.5m, and the pH value in the cement pool is 7.0- 9.2, then cultivate at a temperature of 20°C to 25°C, natural light and daytime aerated culture with air stones and blowers, and cultivate for 7 to 20 days to obtain agaric seedlings that stick together into blocks; use a 10 to 60 mesh sieve Pull out the above-mentioned Auricularia seedlings from the silk net, place the above-mentioned Auricularia seedlings on the cultivation net of the cultivation device of the above-mentioned embodiment 1 floating on the natural water surface with the placement amount of 200～400 grams/square meter, and cultivate them every time 1～4 The range of daily intervals allows the fungus seedlings to dry out of the natural water surface for 2 to 5 hours. The drying time is determined by the weather conditions. Generally, the interval between sunny days is long and the drying time can be short. In the rainy season, it takes one day to dry out, and the drying time can be extended , Cultivated until the ground fungus is harvested, 1000 grams of fresh ground fungus can be harvested per square meter per month.

In the above-mentioned embodiment 3, the volume ratio of the first-grade fungus culture in the plastic barrel to the culture solution added can also be 1:10, 1-15, 1-25 or 1-30, etc. The volume ratio of the secondary ground fungus culture to the added culture solution in the cement pool can also be 1:8, 1-15, 1-25 or 1-30, etc. I won't list them all here.

In the above-mentioned Example 3, the flasks, plastic buckets and cement pools should be pre-sterilized to prevent bacterial infection during cultivation.

If it is temporarily difficult to grasp the various control conditions during the cultivation of Auricularia auricularia seedlings, wild Auricularia auricularia seedlings can also be directly collected as seedlings instead of culture solution configuration, primary cultivation, secondary cultivation and Auricularia auricularis seedling cultivation. The cultivation device of Example 1 is used for natural water body cultivation.

Claims (5)

1. the simple and easy cultural method of a Nostoc commune is characterized in that comprising the steps:

A culture fluid configuration: after fresh water boils and filters, nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient joined in the fresh water after the filtration be mixed with culture fluid, containing quality in the described culture fluid of every 100ml is the nitrogen of 0.5～2.0g and the phosphorus of 0.2～0.8g, makes that nitrogen phosphorus mass ratio is 0.625～10: 1 in the described culture fluid;

The b one-level is cultivated: add the described culture fluid of step a in flask, insert Nostoc commune algae kind with the ratio of inoculating 0.2～1.0g germplasm in the described culture fluid of every 100ml again, it is 15 ℃～25 ℃ in temperature then, intensity of illumination is 1500～3000Lx, light application time is to cultivate under 10～14 hours the condition, be cultured to that the cell density of Nostoc commune reaches 5～100,000/ml in the culture fluid, obtain one-level Nostoc commune culture;

The c secondary is cultivated: above-mentioned one-level Nostoc commune culture is moved in the Plastic Drum, add the described culture fluid of step a to Plastic Drum in the ratio of the volume ratio 1: 10～30 of one-level Nostoc commune culture and culture fluid, it is 20 ℃～25 ℃ in temperature then, intensity of illumination is 3000～6000Lx, light application time is for being no less than 12 hours, cultivate under the inflation culture condition, be cultured to the adhesion of algae kind and become little strip, obtain secondary Nostoc commune culture;

D Nostoc commune seedling is cultivated: above-mentioned secondary Nostoc commune culture is moved in the cement pit, add the described culture fluid of step a to cement pit in the ratio of the volume ratio 1: 8～30 of secondary Nostoc commune culture and culture fluid, liquid level in the described cement pit is at 0.6～1.5m, liquid pH value is 7.0～9.2, it is 20 ℃～25 ℃ in temperature then, natural lighting and daytime inflate under the culture condition and cultivate, and cultivate 7～20 days, obtain adhesion and become block Nostoc commune seedling;

The e Nostoc commune is cultivated: pull above-mentioned Nostoc commune seedling out with 10～60 purpose bolting silk nets, the cultivation that described Nostoc commune seedling is positioned over the culture apparatus that floats over the nature water surface is cultivated on the net, every cultivation allowed described Nostoc commune seedling do the nature water surface 2～5 hours in 1～4 day, being cultured to Nostoc commune gathers, described culture apparatus comprises the framework that surrounds with plastic tube, it is 0.5～3.0 millimeter cultivation net that described framework is provided with the mesh aperture, the top of described framework both sides is symmetrically arranged with pulley, described pulley is provided with suspension rope, described pulley is fixed with shelf, and described suspension rope is connected with described frame fixation.

2. the simple and easy cultural method of a kind of Nostoc commune as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that cultivating to placing gas exhausting stone and/or be connected with the fan blower inflation in Plastic Drum in inflation described in the step c.

3. the simple and easy cultural method of a kind of Nostoc commune as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that inflation on daytime described in the steps d cultivate in cement pit per 1～4 square metre place a gas exhausting stone and/or be connected with the fan blower inflation.

4. the simple and easy cultural method of a kind of Nostoc commune as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that every square metre of described Nostoc commune seedling 200～400 grams of the online placement of described cultivation in step e.

5. the culture apparatus that is used for the simple and easy cultural method of the described a kind of Nostoc commune of claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the framework that surrounds with plastic tube, it is 0.5～3.0 millimeter cultivation net that described framework is provided with the mesh aperture, the top of described framework both sides is symmetrically arranged with pulley, described pulley is provided with suspension rope, described pulley is fixed with shelf, and described suspension rope is connected with described frame fixation.

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