CN101548562B - 用于无线通信系统中控制消息的确认的方法 - Google Patents

用于无线通信系统中控制消息的确认的方法 Download PDF

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CN101548562B
CN101548562B CN2007800443934A CN200780044393A CN101548562B CN 101548562 B CN101548562 B CN 101548562B CN 2007800443934 A CN2007800443934 A CN 2007800443934A CN 200780044393 A CN200780044393 A CN 200780044393A CN 101548562 B CN101548562 B CN 101548562B
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CN101548562A (zh
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A·坎得尔卡
A·格洛科夫
A·阿格拉沃尔
S·兰根
A·达斯
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Qualcomm Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H04L5/0055—Physical resource allocation for ACK/NACK
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal

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Abstract

描述了用于发送控制消息的技术。在一方面，指派消息可基于或者链接或者专用确认(ACK)资源来确认。终端可接收来自基站的指派消息，确定是否确认该指派消息，以及确定用于确认该指派消息的ACK资源。ACK资源可被链接到在其上接收到指派消息的控制块、链接到指派消息所给定的资源、或可被指派给终端。终端可在ACK资源上发送确认。在另一方面，可基于ACK资源来确认控制消息，该ACK资源是基于控制消息或者控制块确定的。ACK资源可被链接到控制消息所指派的资源或链接到控制消息。终端可在ACK资源上发送对控制消息的确认。

Description

用于无线通信系统中控制消息的确认的方法
本申请要求转让给本申请人并通过援引结合于此的、2006年12月4日提交的题为“ASSIGNMENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT FOR A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM（无线通信系统的指派确认）”的临时美国申请S/N.60/868,464的优先权。 
背景 
I.领域 
本公开一般涉及通信，尤其涉及用于发送控制消息的技术。 
II.背景 
无线通信系统被广泛部署用于提供诸如语音、视频、分组数据、消息接发、广播等各种通信服务。这些无线系统可以是能够通过共享可用系统资源来为多个用户支持通信的多址系统。此类多址系统的示例包括码分多址（CDMA）系统、时分多址（TDMA）系统、频分多址（FDMA）系统、正交FDMA（OFDMA）系统、单载波FDMA（SC-FDMA）系统等。 
多址系统通常采用向系统的个体用户指派系统资源的方法。期望尽可能有效地发送对资源的指派以便减少用于发送指派的开销量。另外，期望以可靠方式发送指派以使得所指派的资源适用于数据传输。可靠性对于与具有确定性期满时间不同的在时间上延长的持久指派而言尤其重要。 
因此，在本领域中有对用以高效且可靠地发送对资源的指派的技术的需要。 
概述 
本文描述了用于高效且可靠地发送诸如对资源的指派的那些控制消息的技术。在一方面，指派消息可基于或者链接或者专用确认（ACK）资源来确认。 在一种设计中，终端可接收来自基站的指派消息，并且可确定是否确认该指派消息。例如，在指派消息是在要被确认的控制块上接收到的情况下，可确认该指派消息。控制块可以是可被映射至物理资源的逻辑资源。如果指派消息要被确认，则终端可确定用于确认该指派消息的ACK资源。ACK资源可被链接到在其上接收到指派消息的控制块，或者链接到由指派消息指派的资源。ACK资源还可以是先前指派给终端的专用ACK资源。终端可在链接或专用ACK资源上发送确认。 
在另一方面，可基于ACK资源来确认控制消息，该ACK资源是基于控制消息或者在其上发送控制消息的控制块确定的。在一种设计中，数个控制块可用于发送控制消息。特定控制块可被链接到ACK资源，后者可被用于发送对在这些控制块上所发送的控制消息的确认。终端可基于控制消息或控制块来确定ACK资源。ACK资源可被链接到控制块或链接到控制消息所指派的资源。终端可在ACK资源上发送对控制消息的确认。 
在以下进一步详细描述了本公共的各个方面和特征。 
附图简述 
图1示出了无线通信系统。 
图2A到2C示出了链接和专用ACK资源。 
图3示出了ACK资源的设计。 
图4示出了ACK信道的设计。 
图5示出了信道二叉树的设计。 
图6示出了确认指派消息的过程。 
图7示出了用于确认指派消息的装置。 
图8示出了发送指派消息的过程。 
图9示出了用于发送指派消息的装置。 
图10示出了确认控制消息的过程。 
图11示出了用于确认控制消息的装置。 
图12示出了发送控制消息的过程。 
图13示出了用于发送控制消息的装置。 
图14示出了基站和终端的框图。 
详细描述 
图1示出具有多个基站110和多个终端120的无线通信系统100。基站是与诸终端通信的站。基站也可称为接入点、节点B、演进节点B等。每个基站110为特定地理区域102提供通信覆盖。术语“蜂窝小区”可指基站和/或其覆盖区，这取决于使用该术语的上下文。为了改进系统容量，基站覆盖区可被分成多个较小的区域，例如，三个较小的区域104a、104b和104c。每个较小的区域可由相应基站子系统来服务。术语“扇区”可指基站的最小覆盖区和/或服务此覆盖区的基站子系统。本文所描述的技术可用于具有扇区化小区的系统以及具有非扇区化小区的系统。出于简便起见，在以下描述中，术语“基站”被一般地用于指服务扇区的站以及服务蜂窝小区的站。 
终端120可散布在系统之中，且每个终端可以是静止或移动的。终端也可称为接入终端、移动站、用户装备、订户单元、站等。终端可以是蜂窝电话、个人数字助理(PDA)、无线通信设备、无线调制解调器卡、手持式设备、膝上型计算机、无绳电话等。终端可在任何给定时刻在前向和反向链路与零个、一个或多个基站通信。前向链路(或下行链路)指从基站到终端的通信链路，而反向链路(或上行链路)指从终端到基站的通信链路。 
对于集中式架构，系统控制器130可耦合到诸基站110并提供对这些基站的协调和控制。系统控制器130可以是单个网络实体或网络实体的集合。对于分布式架构，基站可根据需要彼此通信。 
本文中所描述的技术可用于各种无线通信系统，诸如CDMA、TDMA、FDMA、OFDMA和SC-FDMA系统。术语“系统”和“网络”常被可互换地使用。CDMA系统可实现诸如cdma2000、通用地面无线电接入(UTRA)等无线电技术。OFDMA系统可实现无线电技术，诸如超移动宽带(UMB)、演进UTRA(E-UTRA)、IEEE 802.16、IEEE 802.20、Flash(闪速)- 
Figure G2007800443934D00031
等。UTRA和E-UTRA在来自名为“第三代伙伴项目”(3GPP)的组织的文献中描述。cdma2000和UMB在来自名为“第三代伙伴项目2”(3GPP2)的组织的文档中进行了描述。这些不同的无线电技术和标准在本领域中是公知的。为了简明起见，以下针对 UMB对这些技术的特定方面进行描述，并且在以下大多描述中使用了UMB术语。UMB在皆注明为2007年8月并公众可获得的3GPP2C.S0084-001的题为“Physical Layer for Ultra Mobile Broadband(UMB)Air Interface Specification(超移动宽带(UMB)的物理层空中接口规范)”和3GPP2C.S0084-002的题为“Medium Access Control Layer For Ultra Mobile Broadband(UMB)AirInterface Specification(超移动宽带(UMB)的媒体接入控制层空中接口规范)”中进行了描述。 
系统100可前向和反向链路上使用各种信道进行话务数据和控制信息的传输。表1列出了UMB中的一些信道并提供关于每一信道的简述。UMB还在前向和反向链路上支持其它信道，这出于简便起见并未在表1中给出。 
表1 
  码元   信道   描述
  F-SCCH   前向共享控制   信道   携带接入准予、指派消息和其它与资源管   理和/或其它功能有关的消息。
  F-DCH   前向数据信道   携带前向链路上的话务数据
  R-ACKCH   反向确认信道   携带对F-DCH上发送的数据以及可能的   在F-SCCH上发送的消息的确认
基站可出于各种目的而向终端发送控制消息。例如，基站可发送包含对前向和/或反向链路的资源的指派、用于前向和/或反向链路上的数据传输的控制信息等的控制消息。期望尽可能高效且可靠地发送控制消息。 
在一方面，控制消息可在链接到ACK资源的控制块上发送，该ACK资源可用于确认这些控制消息。控制消息还可用消息、分组、信令等来述及。控制块可以是用于发送控制消息的逻辑资源，并且还可被称为控制信道块、F-SCCH块等。控制消息可被处理(例如，编码、交织和调制)并在控制块上发送。控制块可被映射到物理资源，该物理资源可按时间、频率、码等来给定。链接到控制块的ACK资源可对应于被预留用于发送对在控制块上所发送的控制消息的确认的特定物理资源。 
图2A示出了用于使用链接ACK资源发送对控制消息的确认的设计。在此设计中，多个(T个)控制消息可被处理并在前向链路上于T个控制块上发送。可基于诸如要发送的控制消息的预期数目、预留给控制块的资源量等各种 因素来选择T。全部T个控制块或其子集可被链接到ACK资源。在图2A中所示的设计中，前L个控制块1到L分别被链接到ACK资源1到L，而其余T-L个控制块不被链接到ACK资源，其中通常L≤T。对于在控制块l上发送的控制消息——其中l∈{1，...，L}，可在链接到控制块l的ACK资源l上发送对该消息的确认。在前L个控制块上发送的控制消息是经由其链接ACK资源来确认的。在其余T-L个控制块上发送的消息不经由链接ACK资源来确认。 
在一种设计中，T个可用控制块可被分成公共控制块和共享/多播控制块。公共控制块可被所有终端所监视。共享控制块可被进一步划分成数个组，并且多个终端被指派给每个组。每个终端可被指派特定的一组控制块，并且随后可监视该组中的共享控制块以及公共控制块。这种设计可减少每个终端监视的控制块的数目，同时经由统计多路复用增益改进可用控制块的利用率。在一种设计中，公共控制块可被链接到ACK资源，而共享控制块不被连接到ACK资源。在另一设计中，仅公共控制块的子集可被链接到ACK资源。这些设计使得链接ACK资源能够被所有终端所共享，因为公共控制块被所有终端监视。通常，可将任意数目的控制块和任意可用控制块链接到ACK资源。被链接到ACK资源的控制块的身份可经由广播信息和/或借助其它手段被通达给终端。 
通常，控制块可被用来向特定终端发送单播消息、向一组终端发送多播消息、或向所有终端发送广播消息。前L个控制块可被用来发送被认为重要以及要求对其确认的消息。其余控制块也可被用来发送可放弃对其的确认的消息。可基于诸如要求对其的确认的消息的预期数目、预留的ACK资源的量等各个因素来选择L。诸如指派消息、接入准予以及与资源管理和/或其它功能有关的消息等各种类型的消息可在控制块上发送。 
表2列出了可在控制块上发送的一些指派消息，并且提供对每个指派消息的简述。通常，指派消息可用于：(i)对前向链路资源和/或反向链路资源的指派；(ii)对资源的新指派、对附加资源的递增/补充指派、或对先前所指派资源的递减指派(去指派)。在一种设计中，指派消息可包括补充比特，后者可被设为‘0，用以指示消息对应新指派或者设为‘1’用以指示消息对应递增或递减指派。如果由消息指派的资源多于当前指派给终端的资源，则终端可确定指派消 息是对应递增指派。如果由消息指派的资源少于当前所指派的资源，则终端可确定指派消息是对应递减指派。 
表2 
  消息类型   描述
  接入准予   响应于来自终端的接入序列发送并携带该终端的MACID
  前向链路指派   通知终端对前向链路资源的修改，例如，对基节点、子区、分   组格式、预编码方案、秩等的指派。
  反向链路指派   通知终端对反向链路资源的修改，例如，对跳跃端口、分组格   式等的指派。
图2B示出了用于使用链接到所指派资源的ACK资源发送对指派消息的确认的设计。在此设计中，给终端的指派消息可在控制块上发送。指派消息可传达指派给终端的前向链路资源。所指派的前向链路资源可被链接到ACK资源。终端可接收指派消息、确定所指派的前向链路资源、以及在链接到所指派前向链路资源的ACK资源上发送对指派消息的确认。图2B中所示的设计可被用于任何类型的指派消息，例如，用于表2中所示的全部指派消息或其子集。 
图2C示出了用于使用专用ACK资源发送对指派消息的确认的设计。在此设计中，给终端的指派消息可在控制块上发送。指派消息可传达指派给终端的前向链路资源。终端可接收指派消息、确定所指派的前向链路资源、以及在先前指派给终端的ACK资源上发送对指派消息的确认。例如，终端可被指派特定ACK资源以供用于对在前向链路上发送的话务数据进行确认，并可使用所指派的ACK资源来发送对指派消息的确认。图2C中所示的设计可被用于任何类型的指派消息，例如，用于表2中所示的全部指派消息或其子集。 
图2A到2C示出了发送对指派消息的确认的三种设计。可能期望确认指派消息以便提高指派可靠性、改进调度、减少丢失或不能解码的分组、和/或获得其它益处。此外，通过确认指派消息，可减少要发送的指派的数目，并且可增加前向链路上的其它传输可用的资源和/或功率预算。 
图2A到2C中的设计可允许高效地分配并使用ACK资源来对基站所发送的指派消息进行确认。ACK资源可被链接到用于发送指派消息的控制块(例如，如图2A中所示)或者链接到所指派的前向链路资源(例如，如图2B中 所示)。ACK资源也可以是给终端的专用ACK资源(例如，如图2C中所示)。 
终端可使用其专用ACK资源来发送对前向链路数据的确认(或数据ACK)、对指派消息的确认(或指派ACK)、和/或对发送给终端的其它消息或传输的确认。对数据ACK和/或指派ACK使用专用ACK资源受到诸如终端的专用ACK资源的量、收到指派消息的类型、数据是否为在前向链路上接收到的数据等各种因素的控制。例如，如果前向链路数据和指派消息两者都被接收到，则可仅针对前向链路数据、或仅针对指派消息、或针对前向链路数据和指派消息两者发送确认。 
系统可将正交频分复用(OFDM)、单载波频分复用(SC-FDM)、和/或一些其它复用方案用于前向和反向链路中的每一个。OFDM和SC-FDM将整个系统带宽分成多个(K个)正交副载波，这些副载波也被称为频调、槽等。每个副载波可用数据来调制。一般而言，调制码元在OFDM下是在频域中发送，而在SC-FDM下是在时域中发送。 
在一种设计中，每条链路上的时频资源可被分成数个瓦片。每个瓦片可以是预定维度的时频块。在前向链路上，某些瓦片可被用于控制块，并且控制消息可被处理并在这些瓦片上发送。在反向链路上，ACK资源可占据某些瓦片的全部或一部分，并且确认可在这些瓦片的ACK部分上发送。 
控制消息(例如，指派消息)可以各种方式来发送。在一种设计中，控制消息可作为个体分组来处理。控制消息可被添加循环冗余校验(CRC)、编码、交织、在需要的情况下重复、并被映射到调制码元。调制码元可被映射到控制块，后者随后被映射到一个或多个瓦片。对控制消息的处理在前述3GPP2C.S0084文献中进行了详细描述。控制消息也可以其它方式被处理并发送。 
对控制消息(例如，指派消息)的确认消息可以各种方式来发送。对于图2A和2B中所示的设计，链接ACK资源可对应于未被终端用来对话务数据进行确认的时频资源或码元。链接ACK资源可被动态分配和传达，例如，通过在前向链路上发送的广播消息、通过系统参数、通过在呼叫建立期间交换信令等。对于图2C中所示的设计，专用ACK资源可被指派给终端，或者可与指派给终端的前向链路资源相关联。 
在一种设计中，R-ACKCH包括在反向链路上可用的所有ACK资源。可 用ACK资源中的一些可被用作L控制块的链接ACK资源，而其余ACK资源可被指派给终端。 
图3示出了ACK资源的设计。在一种设计中，瓦片可涵盖8个码元周期内的16个副载波并且可包括128个传输单元。传输单元可以是一个码元周期内的一个副载波，并且可被用于发送一个码元，后者可以是实数值或复数值。导频码元可在瓦片中的一些传输单元上发送，而其它码元可在瓦片中的其余传输单元上发送。如本文所用的，数据码元是对应话务数据的码元，信令码元是对应信令或控制信息的码元，导频码元是对应导频的码元，而导频是由基站和终端两者先验已知的数据。 
用于R-ACKCH的ACK资源可从反向链路上的特定瓦片获得。通常，瓦片的全部或其部分可被用作ACK资源。在图3中所示的设计中，半瓦片可被用作ACK资源，并且可被划分成四个子瓦片。半瓦片还可被称为ACK段，而子瓦片还可被称为ACK簇。用作ACK资源的半瓦片可占据瓦片的下半部，并且可涵盖8个码元周期内的8个副载波。每个子瓦片可涵盖两个连续码元周期内的8个副载波，并且可包括16个传输单元。也可以其他方式来定义ACK资源。 
图4示出了R-ACKCH的设计。反向链路是时间线可被分成各帧，并且每一帧可跨距预定时长，例如，8个码元周期。可用副载波可被排列成S个非交迭集合。可在每一帧中用S个副载波集来定义S个瓦片。R-ACKCH可被映射至每个ACK帧中的一个或多个ACK瓦片。ACK瓦片是R-ACKCH所被映射到的瓦片，而ACK帧是在其中发送R-ACKCH的帧。R-ACKCH可穿孔每个ACK瓦片的一部分。 
用于R-ACKCH的ACK瓦片的数目和ACK帧的数目可取决于各种因素，诸如系统带宽、数据信道的数目、要确认的前向链路数据的量、待确认的控制消息的预期数目等。在一种设计中，ACK瓦片的数目取决于系统带宽。例如，每个ACK帧可包括对应5MHz或更少系统带宽的4个ACK瓦片、对应10MHz系统带宽的8个ACK瓦片、对应20MHz系统带宽的16个ACK瓦片等。可在每个ACK帧中将更少或更多的ACK瓦片用于R-ACKCH。 
在一种设计中，对R-ACKCH定义多个(Q个)ACK索引。每个ACK索 引可与可用于发送确认的特定ACK资源相关联。指派给终端的前向链路资源可与ACK索引相关联，如以下所描述的。可确认控制块也可与ACK索引相关联。通常，指派给终端的前向链路资源和可确认控制块可基于任何已知映射被映射至ACK资源。 
用于R-ACKCH的ACK资源可占据反向链路上的某些瓦片，并且这些ACK瓦片可基于预定映射来确定。通常，ACK瓦片可以伪随机方式或确定性方式在时间上变动。R-ACKCH可被映射到不同副载波集以达成频率和干扰分集。R-ACKCH也可相对于反向链路上的数据信道是伪随机的，并且可均等地穿孔这些数据信道。这可通过对R-ACKCH进行跳跃、对数据信道进行跳跃、或者对R-ACKCH和数据信道进行跳跃来达成。频率跳跃方案可指示每个ACK帧中用于R-ACKCH的特定瓦片。跳频方案可被发送给终端或者可为终端先验地已知。在任一情形中，终端可知晓用于R-ACKCH的反向链路资源。 
多个终端可使用码分复用(CDM)、时分复用(TDM)、频分复用(FDM)、一些其它复用方案、或其组合来发送确认。多个终端可使用任意复用方案来在同一子瓦片中发送其确认。 
在一种设计中，使用CDM来发送确认。在此设计中，来自不同终端的确认可用不同扩展码来扩展，并且来自这些终端的扩展确认可在码域中彼此正交。扩展码可以是Walsh码、用傅里叶矩阵的列形成的正交码等。来自终端的1比特确认可用N码片扩展码来扩展，即通过复制确认比特N次并将N个复制比特与扩展码的N个码片相乘以获得用于确认的N个扩展码片。在一种设计中，1比特确认可用16码片扩展码来扩展以获得16个扩展码片。16个扩展码片可被映射至一个子瓦片中的16个传输单元。在另一种设计中，16个扩展码可用16点快速傅里叶变换(FFT)来进行变换以获得16个码元，后者可被映射至一个子瓦片中的16个传输单元。在任一情形中，达16个不同终端使用不同扩展码来在同一子瓦片中发送其确认，并且达64个不同终端可在一半瓦片的四个子瓦片中发送其确认。 
在一种设计中，可用扩展码的子集被用于发送确认，而其余扩展码被用于干扰估计。例如，八个扩展码可被用于在每个子瓦片中发送确认，并且其余八个扩展码可被用于干扰估计。 
在一种设计中，可在不同瓦片中的不同子瓦片上发送确认以达成时频分集。例如，可在第一瓦片中的子瓦片1上、第二瓦片中的子瓦片2上、第三瓦片中的子瓦片3上、以及第四瓦片中的子瓦片4上发送确认。四个瓦片可处在涵盖8个码元周期的同一帧中。在占据不同副载波集的四个不同瓦片上发送确认可达成频率分集。在四个不同子瓦片上发送确认可改进时间分集以及位于覆盖的边缘处的终端的链路预算。终端可具有对发射功率的上限，并且能在更长的时间段上以更多能量发送确认，这可改进对确认的接收。通常，在C个不同瓦片中的C个子瓦片上发送确认以达成C阶分集，其中C≥1。 
基站可执行互补解扩以恢复终端所发送的确认。为了恢复由终端在C个不同子瓦片上发送的确认，基站可用终端所用的扩展码来解扩对应C个子瓦片的每一个的收到码元，以获得对应C个子瓦片的C个解扩码元。对于C个子瓦片的每一个，基站还可用未被用来发送确认的扩展码的每一个来解扩收到码元，以获得对子瓦片的干扰估计。基站可定标并组合C个解扩码元和对C个副载波的干扰估计以获得检出的终端确认。 
在以上所描述的设计中，半瓦片被分成四个子瓦片，并且使用CDM在子瓦片集合上发送确认。还可以其它方式来划分半瓦片。在另一种设计中，每个子瓦片可涵盖两个副载波并跨距所有8个码元周期。在又一设计中，每个子瓦片可包括半瓦片的不同码元周期中的不同副载波。通常，可使用CDM、TDM、FDM等来在子瓦片上发送确认。 
多个终端可从基站接收个体指派消息，并可在单个半瓦片中的ACK资源上发送对这些消息的确认。一组终端还可接收可适用于该组中的所有终端的组指派消息。这些终端还可在半瓦片上发送对此组指派消息的确认。 
在一种设计中，信道树可被用于向终端指派资源。信道树可将资源指派约束至可用资源的所有可能置换的子集。这可减少用以发送指派消息的开销的量。 
图5示出了对应其中32个副载波集可供使用的情形的信道二叉树500的设计。数据信道集可用该32个副载波集来定义。每个数据信道被指派唯一信道ID，并可在每个时间区间被映射到一个或多个副载波集。在一种设计中，数据信道可对应信道树500中的每个节点来定义。如图5中所示的，数据信道 可按顺序从上到下并在每一层中从左到右编号。与最顶端节点相对应的最大数据信道被指派信道ID 0，并且被映射到全部32个副载波集。最低层1中的32个数据信道具有ID 31到62，并且被称为基信道或基节点。每个基信道被映射到一个副载波集。 
图5中所示的树结构对数据信道的使用设置某些约束。对于被指派的每个数据信道，作为所指派信道的子集(或子孙)的所有数据信道和该所指派信道是其子集的所有数据信道受到约束。受约束的信道与所指派信道不被并发地使用，以使得没有两个数据信道同时使用相同副载波集。 
在一种设计中，ACK资源可被指派给所指派供使用的每个数据信道，并被传达给终端。ACK资源可包括用于在每个ACK帧中发送确认的相关资源(例如，扩展码和子瓦片)。在此设计中，对每个数据信道的确认可在与该数据信道相关联的ACK资源上发送。 
在另一种设计中，ACK资源可与信道树中的每个基信道/节点相关联。较大的数据信道可使用：(i)该较大数据信道下所有基信道的ACK资源；(ii)基信道之一——例如具有最小信道ID的基信道——的ACK资源；或(iii)基信道的子集的ACK资源。对于以上的选项(i)和(iii)，对较大数据信道的确认可使用更多ACK资源来发送以改进可靠性。 
在又一种设计中，ACK资源可被指派给要被确认的每个数据分组。如果多个数据分组被并行发送——例如在多输入多输出(MIMO)传输中，则具有多个基信道的较大数据信道可被指派用于传输。基信道的数目可等于或大于数据分组的数目，并且每个数据分组可被映射至不同基信道。对每个数据分组的确认随后可使用相关联基信道的ACK资源来发送。 
在一种设计中，如果确认是作为反向链路上的数据传输的部分来发送的，则对指派消息的确认可使用指定信道ID(例如，未使用信道的最大信道ID)的ACK资源来发送。例如，如果指派消息将信道ID 15(其包括信道ID 31和32)指派给终端，则对指派消息的确认可使用信道ID 32的ACK资源来发送。这种设计可使得基站能够基于在其上接收到确认的信道ID来确定哪些正被确以。 
在一种设计中，如果有足够的与所指派的前向链路资源相关联的ACK资 源可用于发送确认，则可发送对指派消息的确认。例如，ACK资源可与信道树中的每个基节点相关联。如果终端仅被指派一个基节点，则ACK资源可能不可用于确认控制消息，而如果终端被指派一个以上的基节点，则ACK资源可能可用于确认控制消息。 
终端可同时或接近同时地接收指派消息和一个或多个数据分组。如果没有ACK资源可用于确认指派消息，则终端可仅针对数据分组发送确认。这可能是这种情形：例如，如果没有未使用信道，如果要确认的数据分组的数目等于或大于终端的可用ACK资源的数目等。如果数据分组在由指派消息所指派的前向链路资源上发送，且被正确地解码，则终端可针对数据分组发送确认。基站可基于接收到的针对数据分组的确认来推断出指派消息被终端正确地接收到。如果终端是链路资源有限或功率有限的，则终端也可仅针对数据分组发送确认。 
图6示出了终端对指派消息进行确认的过程600的设计。可从基站接收给终端的指派消息(框612)。可确定是否确认指派消息(框614)。框614中的确定可以基于各种因素，诸如其上接收到指派消息的控制块、指派消息的类型、是否至少一个数据分组要被确认、可供终端用于发送确认的ACK资源的量等。例如，如果在要对其发送确认的一组控制块中的控制块上接收到指派消息，则可发送确认。作为另一示例，如果指派消息是某一类型(例如，新指派)而非其它类型(例如，递增或递减)，则可发送确认。作为又一示例，如果有足够ACK资源可用——这取决于指派消息所指派的资源的量，则可发送确认。 
如果指派消息要被确认(框614为“是”)，则可确定用于确认指派消息的ACK资源(框616)。在一种设计中，ACK资源被链接到其上接收到指派消息的控制块，例如，如图2A中所示的。在另一设计中，ACK资源被链接到指派消息所指派的资源，例如，如图2B中所示的。在又一设计中，ACK资源被指派给终端，例如，如图2C中所示的。在任一情形中，对指派消息的确认可在ACK资源上发送(框618)。确认可跨时间和/或频率发送以达成分集。 
图7示出了用于确认指派消息的装置700的设计。装置700包括：用于从基站接收给终端的指派消息的装置(模块712)；用于确定是否确认指派消息的装置(模块714)；用于在指派消息要被确认的情况下确定用于确认指派消 息的ACK资源的装置(模块716)；以及用于在ACK资源上发送对指派消息的确认的装置(模块718)。 
图8示出了基站用来发送指派消息的过程800的设计。可将指派消息发送给终端(框812)。可在指定用于发送确认的ACK资源上接收对指派消息的确认(框814)。ACK资源可被链接到用于发送指派消息的控制块、链接到指派消息所指派的资源、或可被指派给终端。 
图9示出了用于发送指派消息的装置900的设计。装置900包括：用于向终端发送指派消息的装置(模块912)；以及用于在指定用于发送确认的ACK资源上接收对指派消息的确认的装置(模块914)。 
图10示出了终端对控制消息进行确认的过程1000的设计。可在控制块上接收控制消息(框1012)。可基于控制消息或控制块来确定ACK资源(框1014)。在一种设计中，ACK资源可被链接到控制块。在另一种设计中，控制消息可以是向终端指派资源的指派消息，并且ACK资源可被链接到所指派的资源。也可以其他方式来确定ACK资源。可在ACK资源上发送对控制消息的确认(框1016)。 
可基于各种准则来发送确认。在一种设计中，可针对特定控制块——例如链接到ACK资源的控制块——发送确认。例如，终端可监视被基站用来发送要被确认的控制消息的至少一个第一(例如，公共)控制块。终端可发送对在该至少一个第一控制块上接收到的控制消息的确认。例如，终端可监视被基站用来发送不要确认的控制消息的至少一个第二(例如，共享)控制块。终端可不发送对在该至少一个第二控制块上接收到的控制消息的确认。在另一设计中，终端可发送对以下的确认：(i)特定类型的控制消息，例如，指派消息而非接入准予消息；或者(ii)特定类型的指派消息。终端还可基于其它准则发送确认。 
图11示出了用于确认控制消息的装置1100的设计。装置1100包括：用于在控制块上接收控制消息的装置(模块1112)；用于基于控制消息或控制块确定ACK资源的装置(模块1114)；以及用于在ACK资源上发送对控制消息的确认的装置(模块1116)。 
图12示出了基站用于发送控制消息的过程1200的设计。可在控制块上发 送控制消息(框1212)。可在基于控制消息或控制块确定的ACK资源上接收对控制消息的确认(框1214)。 
图13示出了用于发送控制消息的装置1300的设计。装置1300包括：用于在控制块上发送控制消息的装置(模块1312)；以及用于在基于控制消息或控制块确定的ACK资源上接收对控制消息的确认的装置(模块1314)。 
图7、9、11和13中的模块可包括处理器、电子设备、硬件设备、电子组件、逻辑电路、存储器等，或其任意组合。 
图14示出可以是图1中的基站之一和终端之一的基站110和终端120的设计的框图。在此设计中，基站110和终端120各自配备有单个天线。 
在基站110处，发射(TX)数据和信令处理器1410可接收一个或多个终端的话务数据，基于为每个终端选取的一个或多个分组格式处理(例如，编码、交织、和码元映射)给每个终端的话务数据，并提供数据码元。处理器1410还可处理控制消息(例如，指派消息)并提供信令码元。处理器1410还可生成导频码元。调制器1412可对数据码元、信令码元和导频码元执行调制(例如，针对OFDM、CDM、SC-FDM等)并提供输出码片。发射机(TMTR)1414可调理(例如，转换到模拟、滤波、放大、以及上变频)这些输出码片并生成前向链路信号，此信号经由天线1416被发射。 
在终端120处，天线1452可接收来自基站110和可能的其它基站的前向链路信号并且可向接收机(RCVR)1454提供收到信号。接收机1454可调理并数字化收到信号并提供收到样本。解调器(Demod)1456可对收到样本执行解调(例如，针对OFDM、CDM、SC-FDM等)并提供收到码元。接收(RX)数据和信令处理器1458可处理(例如，码元解映射、解交织和解码)收到码元并将经解码数据和控制消息提供给终端120。 
控制器/处理器1470可接收来自处理器1458的解码结果并生成对数据分组、控制消息等的确认。TX数据和信令处理器1460可处理用于发送给基站110的话务数据以获得数据码元，处理确认和/或其它控制信息以获得信令码元，并生成导频码元。调制器1462可对数据码元、信令码元和导频码元执行调制并提供输出码片。发射机1464可调理这些输出码片并生成反向链路信号，该信号经由天线1452被发射。 
在基站110处，来自终端120和可能的其它终端的反向链路信号可由天线1416接收、由接收机1420调理并数字化、由解调器1422解调、以及由RX数据和信令处理器1424处理以恢复由终端120和其它终端发送的话务数据、确认和/或其它信息。控制器/处理器1430可接收确认并控制前向链路上向终端的数据传输。 
控制器/处理器1430和1470可以分别指导基站110和终端120处的操作。存储器1432和1472可以分别存储供基站110和终端120使用的程序代码和数据。 
本文所描述的信道的概念可指代可由终端或基站传送的信息或传输类型。并不要求或利用固定或预定副载波集、时间周期、或者其它资源专用于如此的传输。此外，时频资源是可被指派和/或用于发送数据和消息/信令的示例性资源。时频资源还可包括频率副载波、传输码元、和/或其它除时频资源之外的资源。 
本文中描述的这些技术可通过各种手段来实现。例如，这些技术可在硬件、固件、软件、或其组合中实现。对于硬件实现，实体(例如，终端或基站)上的处理单元可在一个或多个专用集成电路(ASIC)、数字信号处理器(DSP)、数字信号处理器件(DSPD)、可编程逻辑器件(PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、处理器、控制器、微控制器、微处理器、电子器件、设计成执行本文中描述的功能的其他电子单元、计算机、或其组合内实现。 
对于固件和/或软件实现，这些技术可用执行本文中描述的功能的代码(例如，程序、函数、模块、指令等等)来实现。通常，任何有形地体现固件和/或软件代码的任何计算机/处理器可读介质可被用来实现本文所述的技术。例如，这些固件和/或软件代码可被存储在存储器(例如，图14中的存储器1432或1472)中，并由处理器(例如，处理器1430或1470)执行。该存储器可被实现在处理器内，或可外置于处理器。固件和/或软件代码还可被存储在诸如随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、非易失性随机存取存储器(NVRAM)、可编程只读存储器(PROM)、电可擦PROM(EEPROM)、闪存、软盘、压缩盘(CD)、数字多功能盘(DVD)、磁或光数据存储设备等计算机/处理器可读介质中。代码可由一个或多台计算机/处理器执行，并且 可使计算机/处理器执行本文所描述的功能的某些方面。 
提供前面对公开的描述是为了使本领域任何技术人员皆能制作或使用本公开。对该公开各种修改对于本领域技术人员将是显而易见的，并且本文中定义的普适原理可被应用于其他变形而不会脱离本公开的精神或范围。由此，本公开并非旨在被限定于本文中所述的示例和设计，而是应被授予与本文中公开的原理和新颖性特征一致的最广义的范围。 

Claims (22)

1.一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：
在多个类型中的一个类型的控制块上，从基站接收给终端的指派消息；
基于在其上接收到所述指派消息的所述控制块的类型确定是否确认所述指派消息；以及
在所述指派消息要被确认的情况下确定用于确认所述指派消息的确认ACK资源。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
在链接到其上接收到所述指派消息的所述控制块的ACK资源上发送对所述指派消息的确认。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
在链接到所述指派消息所指派的资源的ACK资源上发送对所述指派消息的确认。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
在指派给所述终端的ACK资源上发送确认。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
当所述控制块是公共控制块时确认所述指派消息并且当所述控制块是共享控制块时不确认所述指派消息。
6.一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：
向终端发送指派消息，
在多个类型中的一个类型的控制块上发送所述指派消息，以及
在指定用于发送确认的确认ACK资源上接收对所述指派消息的确认。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括在链接到所述控制块的ACK资源上接收所述确认。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括在链接到所述指派消息所指派的资源的ACK资源上接收所述确认。
9.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括在指派给所述终端的ACK资源上接收所述确认。
10.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括当所述控制块是公共控制块时确认所述指派消息并且当所述控制块是共享控制块时不确认所述指派消息。
11.一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：
在多个类型中的一个类型的控制块上接收控制消息，
基于所述控制块的类型来确定确认ACK资源；以及
在所述ACK资源上发送对所述控制消息的确认。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述ACK资源被链接到所述控制块。
13.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送确认包括在所述控制块是要对其发送确认的一组控制块中的一者的情况下发送所述确认。
14.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
监视被基站用来发送要被确认的控制消息的至少一个第一控制块；以及
在所述控制块是所述至少一个第一控制块之一的情况下发送对所述控制消息的所述确认。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
监视被所述基站用来发送不要被确认的控制消息的至少一个第二控制块，以及
在所述控制块是所述至少一个第二控制块之一的情况下不发送对所述控制消息的确认。
16.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送确认包括在所述控制消息是指派消息的情况下发送所述确认。
17.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送确认包括在所述控制消息是要对其发送确认的那一类型的情况下发送所述确认。
18.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括当所述控制块公共是控制块时确认所述指派消息并且当所述控制块是共享控制块时不确认所述指派消息。
19.一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：
在多个类型中的一个类型的控制块上发送控制消息，以及在基于所述控制块的类型确定的确认ACK资源上接收对所述控制消息的确认。
20.如权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括在链接到ACK资源的至少一个第一控制块上发送控制消息，以及经由所链接的ACK资源接收对在所述至少一个第一控制块上发送的所述控制消息的确认。
21.如权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括在不链接到ACK资源的至少一个第二控制块上发送控制消息，以及不接收对在所述至少一个第二控制块上发送的所述控制消息的确认。
22.如权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括当所述控制块是公共控制块时确认所述指派消息并且当所述控制块是共享控制块时不确认所述指派消息。
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