CN101438690A - Artificial propagation method of crocodile - Google Patents
Artificial propagation method of crocodile Download PDFInfo
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- CN101438690A CN101438690A CNA2008102204718A CN200810220471A CN101438690A CN 101438690 A CN101438690 A CN 101438690A CN A2008102204718 A CNA2008102204718 A CN A2008102204718A CN 200810220471 A CN200810220471 A CN 200810220471A CN 101438690 A CN101438690 A CN 101438690A
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- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an artificial crocodile propagation method which comprises the following steps: (1) prenatal culturing; (2) mating; (3) preparing an incubator; (5) collecting eggs of the crocodile; (5) hatching; (6) deshelling; and (7) raising. The artificial crocodile propagation method improves the spawning rate of the crocodile, the fertility rate of the eggs up to 80-90%, the hatching rate above 90% and the survival rate approaching to 95%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture technology, particularly, relate to a kind of method of changing into artificial propagation from traditional crocodile natural propagation.
Background technology
Crocodile is a world rare animal, has more than 200,000,000 year life cycle, be so far not to living of finding the earliest and the most original reptile, be described as " living fossil ", it is very extensive to distribute, edibility that tool is high and pharmaceutical value.For example each seed amino acid of crocodile meat, bone and internal organ rich in proteins and needed by human body, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin and multiple rare bio-element are nutritious, delicious flavour, and blood-enrich, the strong bone of strong muscle can improve body immunity.In addition, the leatherware that crocodile skin is made has good quality, and is worth highly, enjoys people to like.
At present, the crocodile total amount that raise in the whole world only has 2,000,000, mainly is distributed in Southeast Asia one band.Ground such as China Guangdong, Shanghai, Guangxi and Hubei are also successively propagated artificially from external introduction crocodile.But, because crocodile natural propagation success rate is low, in addition in recent years, natural environment deterioration, the crocodile inhabited environment is destroyed, and lawless person's unrest is caught excessively and hunted, population quantity reduces just year by year, frequently faces the edge of extinction, has seriously limited the research and development of the relevant cause of crocodile.
Carry out crocodile artificial propagation research; not only can save animals on the brink of extinction; enlarge its population and quantity; preserve the ecological environment; inquire into the effect of its special physiological in physianthropy; can also be able to promote the development of grocery trade, medicaid and leather industry, have very big economic worth and market prospects.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the artificial propagation problem of crocodile, the invention provides the artificial fecundation method of a kind of crocodile, improved spawning rate, fertilization rate, incubation rate and the survival rate of crocodile.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of crocodile artificial fecundation method mainly may further comprise the steps:
(1) antenatal cultivation: in 3～April, when crocodile is arrived oestrus, the adult female crocodile is strengthened nutrition, the meat of feeding, replenishing vitamins and calcium simultaneously;
(2) mating: in 4～May, 1 male crocodile of maturation and the pairing of 1～3 adult female crocodile are raised, allowed mating under its nature;
(3) prepare incubator box: prepare incubator box, environment in the incubator box is carried out disinfection with thimerosal; Get soft herbaceous plant, after the sun dries, with the thimerosal sterilization, be layered at the bottom of the incubator box, thickness is 20～25cm;
(4) collect the crocodile ovum: in 6～July, at the other groove of laying eggs of building in female crocodile growth pool; In 1～3 day, collect the crocodile ovum after female crocodile lays eggs, do not stir the crocodile ovum in the operation;
(5) hatching: the crocodile ovum of collecting is in statu quo put into incubator box, and per two pieces of crocodile ovum are interval 7～12cm in incubator box, the herbaceous plant that lid layer is sterilized with thimerosal on the crocodile ovum, and thickness is 12～18cm; The temperature inside the box is controlled at 33 ℃, and humidity remains on 95～100%; Per 1.5～3 hours of every day, spray once contained the water of thimerosal; Detect the fertilization situation of crocodile ovum about ten days with illumination, take out unfertilized ovum; Then, incubation temperature is controlled at 28～34 ℃, continues breeding;
(6) go out shell: hatch after 60～90 days, the spalling of crocodile chorion, most of newborn crocodile climbs out of from chorion, to not climbing out of the crocodile of chorion after the crocodile chorion spalling 2～3 as a child yet, manually helps broken shell, and cuts off newborn crocodile umbilical cord, inserts iodine disinfection;
(7) feed: begin feeding about crocodile birth one week of back, feeding 5～10g dried shrimp or small fish first, after 2～3 days, according to crocodile activity situation, feeding again, at regular time and quantity, in birth one week of back, environmental temperature is once fallen every day, till 24 ℃.
The described incubation temperature of step (5) is controlled at 28～32 ℃.
The described incubation temperature of step (5) is controlled at 32～34 ℃.
The preferred Chinese herbal medicine whorlleaf stonecrop herb of described soft herbaceous plant.
The preferred bromogeramine of described thimerosal.
The described groove of laying eggs is positioned at female crocodile growth about 3～7 meters place, pool, is the platform of 5～10 meters of sizes, platform upper berth hay.
The invention provides the artificial fecundation method of a kind of crocodile, improved the spawning rate of crocodile, the fertilization rate reached to 80 of ovum～90%, incubation rate reach more than 90%, and survival rate is near 95%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described further and illustrates.
Crocodile artificial fecundation method provided by the invention, adopt following steps:
(1) antenatal cultivation: in 3～April, when crocodile is arrived oestrus, the adult female crocodile is strengthened nutrition, the meat of feeding, as chicken, pork etc., the feeding amount is 1/3 of a crocodile body weight, every day feeding once; While replenishing vitamins and calcium, as vitamin E, vitamin A and vitamin D.
Strengthening nutrition is to be provided nutrition to ensure for female crocodile breeds ovum, improves the fertilization rate of egg laying amount and ovum simultaneously; The female crocodile that laid eggs in general 1 year can lay eggs about 20～30 pieces, and 1 year, after strengthening nutrition, can lay eggs 30～50 pieces, like this year by year later on; The fertilization rate of ovum is 50% under nature, strengthens can bringing up to 80～90% after the nutrition.
(2) mating: in 4～May, 1 male crocodile of maturation and the pairing of 1～3 adult female crocodile are raised, allowed mating under its nature.Pairing is raised can improve the probability that female crocodile is become pregnant, and avoids the injures and deaths that cause for contention mating companion.
(3) prepare incubator box: prepare incubator box, environment in the incubator box is carried out disinfection with thimerosal; Get soft herbaceous plant, after the sun dries, after the sterilization of 0.5% bromogeramine, be layered at the bottom of the incubator box, thickness is 20～25cm.The preferred whorlleaf stonecrop herb of herbaceous plant, the tool sterilization, long-time use can not corroded.
(4) collect the crocodile ovum: in 6～July, at the other groove of laying eggs of building in female crocodile growth pool; In 1～3 day, collect the crocodile ovum after female crocodile lays eggs, do not stir the crocodile ovum in the operation;
The described groove of laying eggs is positioned at female crocodile growth about 3～7 meters place, pool, is the platform of 5～10 meters of sizes, and platform upper berth hay is built the groove of laying eggs for crocodile.
(5) hatching: the crocodile ovum of collecting is in statu quo put into incubator box, and per two pieces of crocodile ovum are interval 7～12cm in incubator box, the herbaceous plant that lid layer is sterilized with thimerosal on the crocodile ovum, and thickness is 12～18cm; The temperature inside the box is controlled at 33 ℃, and humidity remains on 95～100%; Per 1.5～3 hours of every day, spray once contained the water of thimerosal; Detect the fertilization situation of crocodile ovum about ten days with illumination, the circle of a black is arranged in the fertilized egg, take out unfertilized ovum; Then, incubation temperature is controlled at 28～34 ℃, continues breeding.The present invention has done temperature to hatching the influence of male and female crocodile number, sees Table 1.
Facts have proved that 28～32 ℃ of hatchings are hatched crocodile based on female crocodile; 32～34 ℃ of hatchings are hatched crocodile based on male crocodile, and temperature is higher than 34 ℃, and end of reel crust can appear in the crocodile that hatches, and deformities such as hunchback, temperature are lower than 28 ℃, can not hatch crocodile.
Table 1 temperature is to the influence of hatching crocodile sex
| Temperature (℃) | Male crocodile (%) | Female crocodile (%) |
| 28～32 | 80～90％ | 10～18％ |
| 32～34 | 10～18％ | 80～90％ |
(6) go out shell: hatch after 60～90 days, the spalling of crocodile chorion, most of newborn crocodile climbs out of from chorion, to not climbing out of the crocodile of chorion after the crocodile chorion spalling 2～3 as a child yet, manually helps broken shell, and cuts off newborn crocodile umbilical cord, inserts iodine disinfection; If the shell partial fracture of crocodile ovum surpasses 4 hours, crocodile still can not go out shell voluntarily, and inartificial again help will be extremely inside.
(7) feed: nascent crocodile can see that the crocodile belly has yolk, wait for that yolk disappears after, but feeding, this process needed about a week; Only feeding 5～10g dried shrimp or small fish of feeding first, after 2～3 days, according to crocodile activity situation, feeding again, at regular time and quantity; In birth one week of back, environmental temperature is once fallen every day, till 24 ℃.Progressively cooling is in order to allow crocodile adapt to growing environment, in order to avoid abrupt temperature drop, crocodile is sick or dead because of the temperature that can't conform.
Claims (6)
1. a crocodile artificial fecundation method is characterized in that, mainly may further comprise the steps:
(1) antenatal cultivation: in 3～April, when crocodile is arrived oestrus, the adult female crocodile is strengthened nutrition, the meat of feeding, replenishing vitamins and calcium simultaneously;
(2) mating: in 4～May, 1 male crocodile of maturation and the pairing of 1～3 adult female crocodile are raised, allowed mating under its nature;
(3) prepare incubator box: prepare incubator box, environment in the incubator box is carried out disinfection with thimerosal; Get soft herbaceous plant, after the sun dries, with the thimerosal sterilization, be layered at the bottom of the incubator box, thickness is 20～25cm;
(4) collect the crocodile ovum: in 6～July, at the other groove of laying eggs of building in female crocodile growth pool; In 1～3 day, collect the crocodile ovum after female crocodile lays eggs, do not stir the crocodile ovum in the operation;
(5) hatching: the crocodile ovum of collecting is in statu quo put into incubator box, and per two pieces of crocodile ovum are interval 7～12cm in incubator box, the herbaceous plant that lid layer is sterilized with thimerosal on the crocodile ovum, and thickness is 12～18cm; The temperature inside the box is controlled at 33 ℃, and humidity remains on 95～100%; Per 1.5～3 hours of every day, spray once contained the water of thimerosal; Detect the fertilization situation of crocodile ovum about ten days with illumination, take out unfertilized ovum; Then, incubation temperature is controlled at 28～34 ℃, continues hatching;
(6) go out shell: hatch after 60～90 days, the spalling of crocodile chorion, most of newborn crocodile climbs out of from chorion, to not climbing out of the crocodile of chorion after the crocodile chorion spalling 2～3 as a child yet, manually helps broken shell, and cuts off newborn crocodile umbilical cord, inserts iodine disinfection;
(7) feed: begin feeding about crocodile birth one week of back, feeding 5～10g dried shrimp or small fish first, after 2～3 days, according to crocodile activity situation, feeding again, at regular time and quantity, in birth one week of back, environmental temperature is once fallen every day, till 24 ℃.
2. crocodile artificial fecundation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the described incubation temperature of step (5) is controlled at 28～32 ℃.
3. crocodile artificial fecundation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the described incubation temperature of step (5) is controlled at 32～34 ℃.
4. crocodile artificial fecundation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the preferred Chinese herbal medicine whorlleaf stonecrop herb of described soft herbaceous plant.
5. crocodile artificial fecundation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the preferred bromogeramine of described thimerosal.
6. crocodile artificial fecundation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the described groove of laying eggs is positioned at female crocodile growth about 3～7 meters place, pool, is the platform of 5～10 meters of sizes, platform upper berth hay.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008102204718A CN101438690B (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | Artificial propagation method of crocodile |
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| CN2008102204718A CN101438690B (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | Artificial propagation method of crocodile |
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| CN101438690A true CN101438690A (en) | 2009-05-27 |
| CN101438690B CN101438690B (en) | 2011-06-08 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103404481A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-11-27 | 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 | Breeder alligator breeding method for improving zygotes and laying rate of Chinese alligators |
| CN103536943A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-29 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | Disinfection method for hatching room of crocodile hatching eggs and workers |
| CN103539267A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-29 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | Method for improving water quality of alligator pond |
| CN103583466A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-02-19 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | Method for domesticating laying crocodiles |
| CN103583413A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-02-19 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | Method for cleaning crocodile hatching eggs |
| CN104872059A (en) * | 2015-05-24 | 2015-09-02 | 梁金莲 | Artificial breeding method for Crocodylus siamensis |
| CN105831008A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-08-10 | 珠海市法维亚生物科技有限公司 | Breeding method capable of increasing fertility rate of breeding crocodiles and feed for breeding crocodiles |
| CN106879539A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-23 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | A kind of feedstuff feeding method of crocodile laying period |
| CN107047450A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-18 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | A kind of temperature humidity control method in crocodile egg incubation room |
| CN111685077A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-22 | 广东贞山鳄鱼养殖有限公司 | Artificial hatching method for crocodiles |
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| CN103548773B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2016-01-20 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | A kind of crocodile hatching room environment control method |
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2008
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103404481A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-11-27 | 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 | Breeder alligator breeding method for improving zygotes and laying rate of Chinese alligators |
| CN103539267B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2016-01-13 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | The method of a kind crocodile pond water quality improvement |
| CN103583466B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2016-06-01 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | The domesticating method of a kind crocodile |
| CN103583466A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-02-19 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | Method for domesticating laying crocodiles |
| CN103583413A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-02-19 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | Method for cleaning crocodile hatching eggs |
| CN103539267A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-29 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | Method for improving water quality of alligator pond |
| CN103536943A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-29 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | Disinfection method for hatching room of crocodile hatching eggs and workers |
| CN103583413B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2016-06-01 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | The purging method of a kind of crocodile kind egg |
| CN104872059A (en) * | 2015-05-24 | 2015-09-02 | 梁金莲 | Artificial breeding method for Crocodylus siamensis |
| CN105831008A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-08-10 | 珠海市法维亚生物科技有限公司 | Breeding method capable of increasing fertility rate of breeding crocodiles and feed for breeding crocodiles |
| CN105831008B (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2018-10-26 | 珠海市法维亚生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method for breeding and kind crocodile feed of raising kind crocodile rate of fertilization |
| CN106879539A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-23 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | A kind of feedstuff feeding method of crocodile laying period |
| CN107047450A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-18 | 广东宏益鳄鱼产业有限公司 | A kind of temperature humidity control method in crocodile egg incubation room |
| CN111685077A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-22 | 广东贞山鳄鱼养殖有限公司 | Artificial hatching method for crocodiles |
| CN111685077B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2022-05-17 | 广东贞山鳄鱼养殖有限公司 | Artificial hatching method for crocodiles |
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| CN101438690B (en) | 2011-06-08 |
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