CN101420848A - Applications of microencapsulated essential oils - Google Patents

Applications of microencapsulated essential oils Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101420848A
CN101420848A CNA2007800135914A CN200780013591A CN101420848A CN 101420848 A CN101420848 A CN 101420848A CN A2007800135914 A CNA2007800135914 A CN A2007800135914A CN 200780013591 A CN200780013591 A CN 200780013591A CN 101420848 A CN101420848 A CN 101420848A
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China
Prior art keywords
oil
essential oil
preparation
essential
microcapsules
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Granted
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CNA2007800135914A
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CN101420848B (en
Inventor
查尔斯·林德
阿姆农·克里茨曼
阿里·马库斯
普尼纳·斯特龙金
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Beijing China New Agriculture And High Tech Business Consulting Co ltd
BOTANOCAP Ltd
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BOTANOCAP Ltd
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Priority to CN201610411181.6A priority Critical patent/CN106070202A/en
Priority claimed from PCT/IL2007/000213 external-priority patent/WO2007094000A2/en
Publication of CN101420848A publication Critical patent/CN101420848A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests in coated particulate form
    • A01N25/28—Microcapsules or nanocapsules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/34—Nitriles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
    • A01N47/34—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the groups, e.g. biuret; Thio analogues thereof; Urea-aldehyde condensation products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
    • A01N57/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing heterocyclic radicals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/28—Myrtaceae [Myrtle family], e.g. teatree or clove
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Abstract

A new method for the preparation of microencapsulated essential oils is disclosed. The microcapsules containing essential oils or a formulation containing thereof may be used for various non-agricultural applications.

Description

The application of microencapsulated essential oils
Invention field
The present invention relates to be suitable for the essential oil preparation of the microencapsulation of non-agricultural application.
Background of invention
In recent years, some researchs have concentrated on the potential application of essential oil in the biology control in microorganism and the different insect pest.This essential oil is degraded quickly than synthetic compound in environment, and some have the specificity that helps beneficial insect of enhancing.The effect that the product insect is preserved in their antagonism is widely studied.Although have the most attracting character, about volatile problem of essential oil, water-soluble relatively poor and be easy to the problem that oxidisability has become a reality, it makes the essential oil preparation be difficult to as the hierarchy of control, and finally is applied to targeted environment.
Summary of the invention
Now wonderful discovery, some preparation that comprises the single of microencapsulated essential oils or combination can be used for various non-agricultural purposes, especially for treatment or prevent the uneasy of some target or to the injury of target.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and to carry out large-scale experimental work for the preparation that will successfully reach required effect.Although the Microencapsulation Method of some type can provide useful microcapsule formulation is used in some aspect, it may be invalid in using on the other hand.Similarly, although known some essential oil can have some activity, for example, antimicrobial acivity can not be guaranteed in each antimicrobial application effective.Will appreciate that as the technical staff, these difference are owing to many-sided factor causes, as from the rate of release of microcapsules, infiltrative degree, concentration, slowly discharge and a spot of efficient, microcapsules the deactivation of the distribution on the target, microcapsule shell, at microcapsules or contain other additives of existing its carrier or auxiliary agent, before the essential oil preparation is used or afterwards environment, pot-life, the various additives of existence etc. of target.
The application discloses the essential oil microcapsules of many aspects, and it is as follows:
Preparation
In a first aspect of the present invention, a kind of method (being referred to as " method of the present invention " here) for preparing the suspension of microcapsules is provided, each self-contained at least a essential oil, described method comprises:
(a) at least a alkanoic acid is mixed with at least a essential oil;
(b) mixture with step (a) mixes with alkaline aqueous solution, obtains suspension; With
(c) sneak into the aqueous saline solution that comprises at least a polyvalent cation to the suspension of step (b), thereby obtain comprising the suspension of the microcapsules of described at least a essential oil.
In one embodiment, step (a) is to carry out under the situation of solvent.
In another embodiment, at first described at least a alkanoic acid is dissolved in or is suspended in solvent, be preferably in water-immiscible liquid.
In one embodiment, described water-immiscible liquid is essential oil.
In another embodiment, described liquid is not essential oil.When described water-immiscible liquid was not essential oil, it can be selected from water-insoluble organic solvent, does not react under the condition that described solvent uses in the method.The limiting examples of this type of water-immiscible liquid is alkane (as hexane and benzinum), ether (as Anaesthetie Ether, butyl ethyl ether), pure and mild ketone.
In another embodiment, with this solid alkanoic acid fusion, it is added in described essential oil or water-immiscible carrier then.
The alkaline aqueous solution that uses in step (b) can be single monoacidic base such as the solution of NaOH or the mixture of two or more these type of alkali, for example, and NaOH and KOH, or NaOH and Na 2CO 3In one embodiment, this alkali is inorganic base.In another embodiment, this alkali is organic base.
In preferred embodiments, this monoacidic base is the alkali of sodium or potassium.
In another embodiment, the suspension that obtains in step (b) is the suspension of micelle.In another embodiment, the suspension that obtains in step (b) is clarified suspension.
The salting liquid of the polyvalent cation that adds in the step (c) of the inventive method is to contain to have to be higher than+solution of the cationic inorganic metal salt of 1 electric charge.In one embodiment, this inorganic metal cation is the ion of II family in those periodic table of elements.This type of cationic limiting examples is the polyvalent cation of Ca, Mg, Fe and Al.Preferably, described polyvalent cation is Ca.
Should be understood that when some atom had the cation of a plurality of different valence state, these all cations all comprised within the scope of the invention.
In one embodiment, described polyvalent cation is not Ca.
In another embodiment, described polyvalent cation is not Mg.
In another embodiment, described polyvalent cation is not Fe.
In another embodiment, described polyvalent cation is not Al.
In another embodiment, described polyvalent cation is not any among Ca, Mg, Fe or the Al.
In another embodiment, the aqueous saline solution of this step (c) comprises the mixture of two or more multivalent salts.This type of mixture can be has different cationic salt such as CaCl 2And MgCl 2Mixture, or have the salt such as the CaCl of different pair anions 2And Ca (OH) 2Mixture, or cationic salt such as CaCl with different price 2And FeCl 3Mixture.
The salting liquid of polyvalent cation also can be the organic molecule ion that has greater than+1 positive charge, as top disclosed.Multivalence organic cation limiting examples is the ammonium salt of diamines or triamine or tetramine, quaternised polyamine etc.The same with the inorganic metal salting liquid, this organic slat solution also can comprise two or more different organic salts.
Multivalent salts can be added in this reactant mixture, pure or as aqueous solution, for example, slaine such as Ca (OH) 2, CaCl 2, MgCl 2Or FeSO 4The aqueous solution.
The organic carboxyl acid that this at least a " alkanoic acid " is general formula R-COOH, wherein R is saturated and/or undersaturated aliphatic carbon chain, and-COOH is a hydroxy-acid group known in the organic chemistry.Within the scope of the invention, term alkanoic acid and fatty acid are used interchangeably.
In one embodiment, this alkanoic acid is water-immiscible compound.Typically, R is the aliphatic chain with main chain of 10-45 carbon atom.This main chain can be replacement or unsubstituted.In preferred embodiments, the examples of such optional replacement does not influence the hydrophobicity of carbochain.
In one embodiment of the invention, described alkanoic acid is selected from and has fusing point and be higher than 25 ℃ alkanoic acid.
Can by the limiting examples of the encapsulated unsaturated chain alkanoic acid of the inventive method capric acid, dodecylic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoid acid, arachic acid, behenic acid and lignoceric acid.
The limiting examples of unsaturated chain alkanoic acid is a vaccenic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, omega-fatty acid or the like.
The limiting examples of omega-fatty acid comprise alpha-linolenic acid (18:3-ω-3), parinaric acid (18:4-ω-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5-ω-3) (EPA), DHA (22:6-ω-3) (DHA), clupanodonic acid (22:5-ω-3) (DPA), eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4-ω-3), 21 carbon 5 alkene acids (21:5-ω-3), clupanodonic acid (22:5-ω-3), comprise its arbitrary derivative.
In one embodiment, this omega-fatty acid is the mixture of two or more these type of fatty acid.
The possible derivative of omega-fatty acid can comprise ester derivant, side chain or non-side chain C 1-C 30Arrcostab, side chain or non-side chain C 2-C 30Alkenyl esters, or side chain or non-side chain C 3-C 30Cycloalkyl ester such as phytosterin ester.
In one embodiment, described fatty acid extracts from following natural source and obtains, this natural source comprises, but be not limited to aquatile such as long tail anchovy (anchovies), capelin (capelin), Atlantic Ocean cod, Atlantic Ocean black carp, Atlantic Ocean mackerel, Atlantic Ocean catfish, salmon, sardine, shark and tuna; Plant such as flax and vegetables; With microorganism such as fungi and algae.
Term within the scope of the present invention " essential oil " also comprises vegetable oil and lipid.
The limiting examples of essential oil is a sesame oil, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, the lipid or the glycerin fatty acid derivative of glycerine-derive, cinnamon oil, cedar oil, caryophyllus oil, geranium oil, lemongrass oil, Angelica oil, peppermint oil, curcuma oil, wintergreen, rosemary oil, fennel oil, cardamom oil, caraway oil (caraway oil), chamomile oil, coriander oil, guaiac wood oil, cymin oil, dill oil, peppermint oil, parsley oil, basil, camphorated oil, Java Cananga Oil, citronella oil, eucalyptus oil, anise oil, ginger oil, copaiba balsam oil (copaiba balsamoil), perilla oil, cedar oil, jasmine oil, palmarosa Sofia (palmarosa sofia) oil, western peppermint oil, oil of badian (star anis oil), tuberose oil, neroli oil, Tolu balsam oil, patchouli oil, palmarosa oil, Japanese cypress oil (Chamaecyparis obtuse oil), Hiba oil, sandalwood oil, petit grain oil, laurel, vetiver oil, bergamot oil, Peru balsam oil, rosewood oil (bois de roseoil), oil of grapefruit, lemon oil, mandarin oil, orange oil, origanum oil (oregano oil), lavender oil, lindera oil (Lindera oil), pine needle oil, papper oil, attar of rose, orris oil, orange oil, tangerine oil (tangerine oil), tea oil, tea oil, thyme linaloe oil, thymol, garlic oil, peppermint oil (peppermintoil), onion oil, linaloe oil, Japanese peppermint oil, spearmint oil, and other are disclosed herein.
In one embodiment, this essential oil is an ethereal oil.
In another embodiment, this essential oil is aromatic plant (spice plant) essential oil.
In another embodiment, this essential oil is selected from citronella oil, geranium oil, tea oil, lavender oil, carnation oil (clove pine oil), eucalyptus oil, thyme linaloe oil and origanum oil.
Person of skill in the art will appreciate that, can be according to the specific essential oil of concrete application choice or the combination of essential oil.
In one embodiment, the microencapsulated essential oils microcapsules that obtain from the inventive method are wax shape or solid particle.
In another embodiment, these microcapsules do not separate with medium, and said preparation also so uses.
In another embodiment, said method also comprises the step of filtering and collecting the microencapsulated essential oils microcapsules.When separating solids microcapsules from aqueous medium, a spot of essential oil may be still not encapsulated.In order to obtain not having the microcapsules of oil (oil-dry), add a spot of absorbent that can absorb excessive oil usually.This absorbent can be selected from, for example, and cellulose, starch powder or Aerosil TMSilica such as Aerosil TM200 or 300, it can be buied from Degussa.In some applications, Aerosil TMBe preferred absorbent.
In another embodiment, method of the present invention also can comprise the step of adding at least a surfactant.This surfactant can be ionic or nonionic, and can add in the solution with the form of the form of pure material or solution (for example aqueous solution) or in the suspension, can during the manufacturing of microcapsules, add promoting or the size of control microcapsules, or form the back at microcapsules and add with the broken because gel that microencapsulation causes and obtain mobile preparation.A kind of particularly preferred surfactant is lauryl sodium sulfate (SDS).Preferably, this surfactant is with the 0.1-10% of the gross weight of preparation, and most preferably the concentration of 0.5%-5% is added.
In another embodiment, this method also comprises adds at least a additive, preferably in the preceding interpolation of step (c).This at least a additive can be solid, liquid, solution, suspension, or the mixture of two or more examples of such additives.
Operable various additives limiting examples is active medicine, natural or synthetic antioxidant, food tonic, vitamin, colouring agent, aromatic, oil, fat, spices, non-volatile natural essential oil or other dispersants or emulsifier.
The limiting examples of operable concrete additive is that gamma-Linolenic acid, Citrus oil (citrus oils) are as orange oil, nutritional supplement such as vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C and vitamin D, vitamin e, tocotrienols, phytosterol, vitamin K, beta carotene, marine oil (marine oil), omega-fatty acid, CoQ 10, the polarity antioxidant fat-soluble derivant, as ascorbic acid aliphatic ester, plant extracts such as rosemary,, Salvia japonica and origanum oil, algae extract and synthetic antioxidant such as BHT, TBHQ, ethoxyquin, alkyl gallate and quinhydrones or natural antioxidant.
Except surfactant, other limiting examples of preferred additives are space barrier polymer (steric barrier polymers), and it helps to keep the dispersion of particle.These space barrier polymers can be selected from, and are not limited to polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly-(ethyoxyl) nonyl phenol.As the pH that must regulate final microcapsule formulation, for example when microcapsule suspensions and other insecticidal compositions, can use the conventional reagent that is used to regulate acidity and basicity.This type of reagent can for example comprise hydrochloric acid, citric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
In case preparation, this liquid or solid preparation can extremely use at that time in preservation.Usually most convenient is the bottled or canned suspension that comprises encapsulated essential oil, in the case, tends to add formulation auxiliary agents with the stability of improving suspension and the simplification of application before storage.These auxiliary agents can be selected from density balance agent (density balancing agents), surfactant, thickener, biocide, dispersant, antifreezing agent, salt etc.Typically, this auxiliary agent adds with the concentration of about 30% weight of about 0.01%-.
The present invention also provides the microencapsulated essential oils that comprises a plurality of microcapsules preparation, and each microcapsules comprises at least a essential oil, wherein said preparation or the preparation of microencapsulated essential oils the method according to this invention.
Within the scope of the invention, terms " formulation " is meant microcapsules and any other combination of agents, and this microcapsules the method according to this invention prepares or used by arbitrary application of the present invention, and this reagent can be microcapsules adding medium wherein.Also can comprise any additives as disclosed herein according to preparation of the present invention.This term also refers to suspended substance or the dispersion of microcapsules in medium (for example solid or liquid).
Preparation of the present invention can prepare usually according to procedures known in the art.Referring to Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, J.B.Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, Pa., Banker and Chalmers, eds., 238-250 page or leaf (1982) and ASHP Handbook on Injectable Drugs, Toissel, 4 ThEd., 622-630 page or leaf (1986).
Usually, when said preparation will be used as pharmaceutical preparation, may need pharmaceutically suitable carrier such as media, auxiliary agent, excipient or thinner.This type of pharmaceutically suitable carrier is what know for those skilled in the art, and is what be easy to obtain for the public.Preferred pharmaceutically suitable carrier is for for essential oil or for being contained in wherein or being chemically inert carrier at lip-deep any other compounds of microcapsules.Concrete essential oil can be partly passed through in the selection of pharmaceutically suitable carrier, and by the concrete employed method of patient (animal or human) administration said preparation is determined.
Preparation of the present invention, it is suitable for the animal or human and uses, and for example, expelling parasite, antimicrobial, food additives preferably are suitable for oral administration or to patient's local skin administration.Therefore this type of preparation can be made of following: (a) liquid suspension, as be suspended in the essential oil microcapsules of the effective dose in carrier such as water, salt solution or the orange juice; (b) capsule, medicine bag (sachets), tablet, lozenge and lozenge, the active component of each self-contained scheduled volume, it is solid or particle; (c) powder; (d) suitable emulsion.
Liquid preparation can comprise thinner, and as water and alcohol, for example, ethanol, benzylalcohol and polyethylene glycol are with maybe adding pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant, suspending agent or emulsifier.
Capsule form can be common hard-or the capsule of soft-shell gelatine type, it comprises, for example, surfactant, lubricant and inert filler are as lactose, sucrose, calcium phosphate and corn starch.
Tablet form can comprise compatible carrier on one or more lactose, sucrose, mannitol, corn starch, potato starch, alginic acid, microcrystalline cellulose, gum Arabic, gelatin, guar gum, cataloid, Ac-Di-Sol talcum, dolomol, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, stearic acid and other excipient, colouring agent, thinner, buffer, disintegrant, wetting agent, preservative, aromatic and the pharmacology.
In another aspect of this invention, provide the microcapsules that prepare according to following method:
(a) at least a alkanoic acid is mixed with at least a essential oil;
(b) mixture with step (a) mixes with alkaline aqueous solution to obtain suspension;
(c) sneak into the aqueous saline solution that comprises at least a polyvalent cation to the suspension of step (b); With
(d) from this aqueous medium, collect described microcapsules, thereby obtained a plurality of microcapsules of at least a microencapsulated essential oils.
In one embodiment, the microcapsules of this preparation have amphipathic (amphiphatic) shell of the nuclear core that comprises at least a essential oil basically.
In another embodiment, this amphipathic shell multivalence alkanoate that is at least a alkanoic acid and polyvalent cation.
As known in the art, amphiphile (amphipile) is for not only having the molecule of hydrophobicity but also possess hydrophilic property group.The alkanoic acid that uses in the methods of the invention is amphiphile.In the alkanoic acid of general formula R COOH as defined above, R has the aliphatic chain of hydrophobic property and group-COOH or its salt form of possess hydrophilic property matter.Without being limited by theory, this amphipathic shell is made of hydrophobic group and its outside hydrophilic radical of being embedded in this essential oil nuclear core, and this hydrophilic radical outwards points to the surface of microcapsules.
The microcapsules of the nuclear core that comprises at least a essential oil are also provided, the multivalent salts form that wherein said amphipathic shell is at least a alkanoic acid with amphipathic shell encirclement.
Disclosed microcapsules and/or the preparation that comprises them can use in broad field of application.
In one embodiment, said preparation is the pharmaceutical preparation that is used by people patient and non-human patients.This pharmaceutical preparation can for example be used as anti-microbial agents.
In another embodiment, said preparation is the anti-microbial agents of non--medicine.
In another embodiment, said preparation is a preservative.
In another embodiment, said preparation is pest repellant or insecticide, and it is used for, for example, and expeling of the insect in family or environment or elimination.
In another embodiment, said preparation is used for food additives are delivered to Food ﹠ Drink by people and/or animal consumption.
The present invention also provides kit or the commercial packing external member that comprises preparation of the present invention.This kit can be a component kit or two component kits, and it comprises that the suspension of the volatile essential oil of at least a microcapsules microencapsulation is contained in first container wherein, and nonvolatile carrier is contained in second container wherein.Randomly, thus kit of the present invention also can comprise the specification that how this two component applied to targeted environment is reached required effect.
The preparation of this kit preparation or single component can solid or liquid form and exist with state that concentrate or dilution, and it can be by for example, hand, adsorbs the sponge or the piece of cloth of preparation in advance, obtains by spread by hand and is administered to target.
Various application disclosed herein can be used identical or different microcapsule formulation.The selection of said preparation is determined by several respects factor, as essential oil or essential oil combined physical, chemistry and/or biological property; Application mode; And preparation uses the character of target extremely.
Usually, the preparation that uses among the present invention comprises at least a encapsulated essential oil.The microcapsule formulation that preparation can be above-mentioned disclosed novel formulation or prepares by interfacial polymerization, it is discussed in more detail below.Be not subjected to the restriction of classification used herein, the preparation that uses during each is used in the present invention can be divided into following a few class:
1. the preparation of even preparation-identical microcapsules comprises the identical essential oil or the equal mixture of essential oil;
2. inhomogeneous preparation-the comprise preparation of at least two kinds of dissimilar microcapsules, all types of different essential oils or the different mixtures of essential oil of comprising.The different essential oils or the number of its mixture can change according to being used for.
In one embodiment, this inhomogeneous preparation comprises two types microcapsules, first kind comprises first essential oil or first blend of essential oils, and second kind comprise second essential oil or second blend of essential oils, wherein said first essential oil or first blend of essential oils respectively with second essential oil or different with described second blend of essential oils.Ratio between two types of microcapsules, i.e. ratio between first and second essential oils or first and second blend of essential oils can change and can be respectively, for example 1:1,1:2,1:5,1:10,1:100,2:1,5:1,10:1,100:1 etc.
The first inhomogeneous preparation can comprise with the ratio of 1:1 and only contain the microcapsules of eucalyptus oil and the microcapsules that only contain origanum oil.Second preparation can comprise microcapsules that contain tea oil and the microcapsules that contain the mixture of each origanum oil and eucalyptus oil, wherein this comprises the microcapsules of tea oil and the ratio that comprises between the microcapsules of mixture is 1:2, and the ratio of origanum oil and eucalyptus oil is 1:1 in described mixture.
In addition, this inhomogeneous preparation can for example comprise microcapsules that contain essential oil and the microcapsules that contain non--essential oil reagent.
In another embodiment, described inhomogeneous preparation comprises at least two types microcapsules, a kind ofly comprises essential oil and another kind comprises additive as herein defined.
In another embodiment, said preparation comprises two kinds of different microcapsules, and first kind comprises essential oil and second kind of mixture that comprises essential oil and additive.
In another embodiment, said preparation comprises at least two types microcapsules, and every type by diverse ways preparation, and is for example a kind of by the interfacial polymerization preparation, another kind ofly prepares by method of the present invention.
In another embodiment, said preparation comprises at least two types microcapsules, uses different polymer chains to prepare by interfacial polymerization separately, and for example, one type microcapsule shell is that polyurethane outer and another kind of type have the polyureas shell.
Spacer form preparation (Barrier forming formulation)-be meant when be applied to target and become dry after can form physical barrier, and can show the preparation of required effect at the same time, required effect for example anthelmintic action, desinsection, weeding, antifungal, is killed effect such as bacterium.
Spacer forms preparation and can change according to its target application, can determine essential oil from the wherein spacer or the film of the physical parameter of rate of release to form all thickness, permeability, porosity, water-soluble, heat endurance and other.
In certain embodiments, the physical barrier of this formation or film to essential oil from described microcapsules, or the rate of release from the combination coating of microcapsules and polymer film is influential, so that after essential oil discharged from microcapsules, its evaporation rate also can be aggregated the thing coating and reduce.
In another embodiment, the physical barrier of this formation does not influence rate of release, and only uses the barrier of the invasion and attack of oppose various microorganisms and/or pollution (physics, biological or chemical).In this type of embodiment, the combination of the barrier properties of the active and coated polymeric of essential oil can have subsequently result and adds and or act synergistically.
In other embodiment, these microcapsules comprise volatile essential oil, and carrier, this carrier be selected from usually multiple low-volatility or nonvolatilely at room temperature be the essential oil of liquid or solid.
In another embodiment, this carrier is not an essential oil.
Without being limited by theory, when the preparation of encapsulated essential oil was applied on the target, its exsiccation of contact also began to bring into play its effect.Initial action realizes that by media (carrier) although this carrier is optional in essence for high boiling, initial action is still realized by it.In case essential oil begins to discharge from microcapsules, observe adding and or acting synergistically of encapsulated and not-encapsulated essential oil (or non--essential oil carrier).
When equal difference between the even inhomogeneous preparation is when realizing according to the inclusion of microcapsules rather than carrier, this film forms the character that preparation can depend on carrier to a certain extent.As previously mentioned, this film forms preparation makes physical barrier or film form, the object of its encirclement (engulf) treatment, thereby stop or reduced intrusion or the water and of the effusion (for example under the situation of harvested fruits and vegetables, it be discussed in more detail below) of other chemical substances of various microorganisms and pathogene from target.The formation of spacer can be by using for example spraying with finite concentration with it in target, and the evaporation along with liquid medium (for example water for preparing therein of microcapsules, rather than carrier) forms the solid matter layer, and it is preferably the shape with condensed film.The thickness of this film depends on the concentration of preparation, size, carrier (solid or liquid), the number of applications on same loci or object, the method for using and the exsiccation degree of microcapsules.
This film also can form by the initial application of preparation of the present invention, and said preparation also comprises the reagent of complexing in the time of can contacting with the reagent of using afterwards and/or polymerization except encapsulated essential oil and carrier.For example, preparation of the present invention can contain or handle with fatty acid such as lauric acid, is applied on the target surface afterwards.After using said preparation, can use the aqueous solution of complexing agent such as calcium chloride in the position of at first using, thereby make microcapsules embed the formation of film wherein.
Expression as used herein " encapsulated (encapsulated) essential oil ", " encapsulated (encapsulation) " or its any other linguistic variant are meant the particle that can keep one or more essential oils therein of arbitrary shape and size.
This type of encapsulated example is a microencapsulation.Preferred microcapsules are for having its weight 10-98%, or the more preferably microcapsules of the essential oil of 60-95%, and prepare according to the inventive method in a preferred embodiment.
In another embodiment, the microcapsules that use with microcapsules of the present invention or replace the interfacial polymerization for by isocyanates of microcapsules of the present invention to obtain.This type of polymerization provides the shell of the microencapsulation of polyurethane, polyureas or its combination, as disclosed at WO 04/098767 for example.The common average-size of these type of microcapsules is between 0.1 and 100 micron.Other suitable microcapsules can be by preparing as disclosed method in WO 94/13139, EP0252897, US5576009 and US5925464.
The encapsulated essential oil preparation can comprise multiple microcapsules, not only according to its inclusion, also according to its preparation method.Therefore, said preparation can comprise the microcapsules of multiple size, shape, chemistry and physical parameter.
Term as used herein " nonvolatile vehicle " typically refers to uses that back and microcapsules rest on the target of processing and preferred the demonstration adds and or the organic reagent of synergistic effect.Examples of such carriers can be has high boiling point or dystectic liquid or solid (pure material or mixture), and it leaves evaporation rate on the target less than the evaporation rate of encapsulated essential oil using thereon the back.This type of media or carrier can for example be nonvolatile essential oil, nonvolatile vegetable oil, nonvolatile or solid terpenes class and lipid.
Usually, described carrier never only is a water.Yet, in various embodiments, may must make the key component of water as preparation.In this exemplary cases, when preparation microcapsules in the aqueous solution, perhaps add entry so that when having better flowability and sprayability, perhaps when preparation is packed in water or is stored, nonvolatile carrier can be added into as medium and can be to expelling parasite, desinsection, the deinsectization of preparation, kill larva or kill the aqueous solution that the ovum feature produces beneficial effect.
This liquid essential oil and lipid carrier are preferably those boiling points and are higher than 250 ℃, preferably are higher than 300 ℃ material.This type of high boiling point essential oil can for example be a cinerins.The example of lipid is sesame oil or cottonseed oil.
Term " solid carrier " is meant the solid reagent that wherein is mixed with microcapsules, with the pure material form or as mixture solid, and before target is used its solubilized, suspend or be dispersed in as in liquid medium such as the water.Solid carrier can for example be a powder type.
Term " liquid-carrier " is meant neat liquid, the homogenous fluid mixture of all ingredients (each reagent all can be solid, liquid or gas before mixing) or the heterogeneous mixture of this type of reagent, for example wherein is suspended with the suspension as microencapsulated essential oils as described in the microcapsules.Microcapsules liquid-carrier or solution (for example, its by with solid carrier dissolving or be dispersed in the suitable medium in the water for example prepare) in suspension, should not influence denseness, distribution, physical state or the concentration of the volatile essential oil in the microcapsules.Examples of such carriers is such material in addition: promptly described microcapsules wherein can dissolving, deterioration, decomposition, leachings or are experienced any physics or chemical change.
Term " suspension " or its any other linguistic variant are meant the dispersity of microcapsules in carrier; As a limiting examples, affiliated dispersion liquid is cottonseed oil and the dispersion liquid of microcapsules in water.According to the size of microcapsules, this term also can refer to colloidal state.
In its most common form,, the invention discloses the encapsulated of the mixture of a kind of essential oil or essential oil and various additives according to concrete application.
This nonvolatile carrier can be at least a nonvolatile essential oil, at least a nonvolatile vegetable oil or its any combination, and wherein at least a essential oil has the necessary required activity of the required effect of enforcement.For example, under the situation of preparation as the pest repellant of insect, a kind of essential oil that is contained in wherein has the expelling parasite ability.
This group with can be for example for but be not limited to following combination: (a) combination of two or more different nonvolatile essential oils; (b) two or more the different nonvolatile essential oils and the combination of at least a vegetable oil; (c) combination of a kind of nonvolatile essential oil and a kind of nonvolatile vegetable oil; (d) combination of two kinds of different nonvolatile vegetable oil, or the like.Also can similarly change, also can similarly change its any concrete representative (as different triglycerides) to any specific subgroup (as lipid).
Term " volatile ", " moderate is volatile " and " nonvolatile " are meant the degree of compound evaporability under environmental temperature and pressure.Low more to the boiling point that it be known to those skilled in the art that specific compound, its volatility is big more.About essential oil, volatile low boiling oil is that those are defined as boiling point and are lower than about 250 ℃ oil.The volatile oil of moderate is that those are defined as the oil of boiling point between 250 ℃ and 300 ℃.Nonvolatile or less volatile oil is that those are defined as boiling point and are higher than 300 ℃ oil.
" vegetable oil " is the natural complex mixtures of the oil that made by plant." essential oil " is those materials of giving its distinctive smell of plant, fragrance or other similarities usually.(in seed, flower, bark or leaf) found vegetable oil in the various piece of plant corpus, and the also enrichment in some specific cells or groups of cells (body of gland) of described vegetable oil.In general, according to the character of the part of finding to have essential oil, essential oil is the compound mixture that can be obtained by plant by variety of way.Described method for example can be by compression, by utilize steam distill, by with oily stripping (extractions) or absorb them, and by pressurizeing and flooding.This term also refers to the oil mixture that the vegetable oil enrichment of natural acquisition prepared by with one or more specific components, described specific components is monoterpene class, two terpenes, triterpene class, tetraterpene class, sesquiterpene and other polyterpene class and organic alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, acid and ester for example.
Although term " essential oil " can be used alternatingly in different literature references with " vegetable oil ", within the scope of the invention, the latter is meant the bigger compound group that comprises lipid.
Mentioned " lipid " of this paper comprises that the lipid of the lipid (comprising fat and oil and phosphatide), sphingol of fatty acid, glycerine-derive-derive (comprises ceramide, cerebroside, gangliosides and sphingomyelins), steroids and derivative, terpenes and derivative thereof, some aromatic compound and long-chain alcohol and wax.This term also refers to lipoprotein (lipid that combines with protein or carbohydrate), lipopolysaccharides and as the vitamin of lipovitamin.
In preferred embodiments, this grease separation is from sesame oil, Dalmatian chrysanthemum (pyrethrum), the lipid of glycerine-derive or glycerin fatty acid derivative and described at least a encapsulated essential oil are selected from cinnamon oil, cedar oil, caryophyllus oil, geranium oil, lemongrass oil, peppermint oil, sesame oil, thyme linaloe oil, curcuma oil, wintergreen, rosemary oil, anise oil, cardamom oil, chamomile oil, coriander oil, cymin oil, dill oil, peppermint oil, parsley oil, basil, camphorated oil, citronella oil, eucalyptus oil, anise oil, ginger oil, oil of grapefruit, lemon oil, mandarin oil, orange oil, pine needle oil, papper oil, attar of rose, orange oil, mandarin oil, tea oil, tea oil, lavender oil, caraway oil, garlic oil, peppermint oil, onion oil and spearmint oil.
In one embodiment, this essential oil is an ethereal oil.In another embodiment, this essential oil is selected from citronella oil, geranium oil, tea oil, lavender oil, carnation oil, eucalyptus oil, thyme linaloe oil, origanum oil and other aromatic plant essential oils.
In another embodiment, said preparation also can comprise the space barrier polymer and the gel-cracking agent of additive such as auxiliary agent, adhesive, antioxidant, water repellent agent, surfactant, the gathering of prevention microcapsules, as the part carrier or in microcapsules.
But can make used additives for example to improve the storage life ejection and to the absorption of substrate.This analog assistant is optional from natural and synthetic polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol oxide, ethene or copolymer-maleic anhydride, methyl vinyl ether-maleic acid copolymer, water-soluble cellulose, water soluble polyamide or polyester, acrylic acid copolymer or homopolymers, water soluble starch and modified starch, natural gum such as alginates, dextrin and protein such as gelatin and casein.
The physical state of said preparation, that is, depend on that nonvolatile carrier is liquid or solid as solid or liquid, or nonvolatile carrier and microcapsules in immiscible medium such as water be suspend or disperse.Need not consider its physical state, said preparation can use by it is further formed required dosage form, as the wettable powder of emulsible concentrate, wettable powder, particle, flowable preparation, suspension, particle, dust (dust), fumigant etc.The character of said preparation form can decide according to following parameters: targeted environment, application process, use the condition of being carried out, the relative concentration of the microcapsules in the nonvolatile carrier etc.
Though the concentration of the microcapsules in the nonvolatile carrier can be controlled, the concentration of encapsulated essential oil can change according to storage, weather conditions, dosage form, application process, the place of using, the targeted insect that will control etc.The concentration of volatile essential oil can be at 0.01-90% in the preparation, or changes between the preferred 0.1-25%.Yet the concentration of the required essential oil that is effective after using is very low.This concentration can be selected from 0.1% scope of volatile essential oil weight suitably, and preferred 0.25%.
Said preparation can be suitable for two kinds of release profiles (profile) of microcapsules, i.e. (1) rapid release curve; (2) and continue or postpone release profiles; (4) residual curve is wherein being followed lasting release profiles afterwards at so-called " rapid release ".
As previously mentioned, employed preparation utilization can be by microcapsules disclosed or this paper either party's method preparation required for protection.These microcapsules can reclaim from reactant mixture, and are suspended in nonvolatile carrier again or comprise in its solution, for example, and in order to prepare the purpose of inhomogeneous preparation.Perhaps, any medium, water-based or other, it comprises microcapsules, available at least a nonvolatile vehicle treated and need not separate these microcapsules.
Under the situation of preferably these microcapsules being separated from initial medium, can realize reclaiming by centrifugal or filtration, this depends on the size of microcapsules.These separated microcapsules can be with many parts of suitable solvents such as distilled water wash, to remove free reactant from the surface.These microcapsules also can under reduced pressure heat further to remove the reactant of any remnants in the microcapsules in case of necessity.Preferably, this step is undertaken by the temperature heating microcapsules at the intermediate value that is higher than the polymer that constitutes microcapsule shell (median) glass transition temperature.Then, these microcapsules can disperse or be suspended in described non-volatile liquid or solid carrier.
Aforesaid inhomogeneous preparation can be by being prepared as follows: prepare two or more different microcapsules at first as mentioned above, for example every type comprises different essential oils or mixture; From their initial media, separate microcapsules; And they are mixed with medium, thereby obtain inhomogeneous preparation with required ratio.
In some cases, described nonvolatile carrier is a granular solids, as powder, preferably disperses by the dry microcapsules that mix effective dose for this reason.In some cases, described nonvolatile carrier is a liquid, and suspension preferably prepares by the microcapsules of mechanical agitation effective dose in described carrier.Term " effective dose " is meant the amount of rule of thumb determining as used herein, and this amount can apply following and described required effect to targeted environment.
" aqueous formulation of encapsulated volatile essential oil " is the preparation that utilizes the known any method preparation of those skilled in the art.Aqueous formulation the method according to this invention of preferred described encapsulated volatile essential oil, or according to openly preparing with claimed method among the WO04/98767.
The method of WO04/98767 mainly comprises vulcabond or polyisocyanates (polyisocyanate) is dissolved in the essential oil, the mixture of emulsification gained in the aqueous solution that comprises diamines or polyamines and/or dihydroxy compounds or polyol, thereby implement the encapsulated of described essential oil by interfacial polymerization, around described essential oil drop, form polyureas and/or polyurethane film thus, this film can increase described essential oil stability, reduce its evaporation rate and control its rate of release when being applied to substrate.
Essential oil is from the delivery mode of microcapsules and the effect thereupon of the target handled is depended on the physical property of these microcapsules.Usually, active volatile essential oil is liquid storehouse (liquid depot) encapsulated and that carried by nonvolatile carrier by microcapsule shell, and described nonvolatile carrier can strengthen (add and or collaborative) its effect of bringing into play.Think that owing to there is the concentration gradient of volatile essential oil between the inside of microcapsules and outside, therefore when preparation was delivered to target, the content of microcapsules began to discharge.This dispose procedure and dynamics thereof can be subjected to the influence of following factors: (a) drying of microcapsules; (b) with the contacting of aqueous medium, for example water or rainwater, reservoir as previously discussed, the slow decomposition that it can change the permeability of microencapsulation shell and/or cause shell; (c) variations in temperature, particularly high temperature; (d) direct sunlight.Yet because the content of microcapsules may be spontaneous and discharge independently, therefore may exist does not need above-mentioned any conditioned disjunction it can not produce the situation of any influence.
Anti-microbial agents
The preparation that effectively administers and maintains with dairy products of the dairy herd of background-has on a large scale become main achievement.Cause a health problem of remarkable economical problem to relate to mastitis.Mastitis is for by intrusion and the breeding lactiferous vessel system that cause or the inflammation of breast tissue of bacterium in the mammal breast of (comprising the people).In case mammal got mastitis, the ability of its recombined milk liquid has been subjected to the infringement of inflammation.That is this mammal begins the milk liquid of diacrisis, and somatic cell such as leucocyte in the milk liquid increase.Equally, the gland cell of mammary gland sustains damage, thereby they fall into a decline along with increasing in connective tissue, have caused the secretion emulsion to reduce.
Mastitis is for influencing the disease of the dairy animal of 15%-20% in the world wide.In the U.S., thinking has 50% cow to have the limbs (quarters) of one or more infection.In Europe, there is the animal doctor of 30%-40% to get involved according to estimates because mastitis causes.Mastitis is also often seen in the women.
Bacterial infection, particularly bovine mastitis are the problems that consumes money and difficulty most that the rancher has to handle usually.The breast factory owner infects promptly communicable and environment in the face of two kinds of dissimilar mastitiss.Communicable mastitis is during the process of giving milk, and contacts with the dairy products equipment that may carry the former body source of mastitis disease by animal and spreads.The environment mastitis is to be caused by the material infection animal skin that comes from following place: the environment that animals such as barnyard environment, field, stock barn inside stayed.
Communicable mastitis is dipped composition by the sterilization of the back nipple of giving milk, thereby controlled at an easy rate.This type of sterilization is dipped and is killed the bacterium that moves on to the animal surface from the instrument of giving milk.The environment mastitis is preferably treated by the spacer film that protection sensitive organization avoids infecting.
Mastitis can various rank intensity exist, and from not observing the inflammation of symptom to nipple, high fever makes animal weak and dejected, lacks appetite.In fact these situations have caused the rapid decline of milk yield.
Infection is caused by microorganism, but for them, entering mammary gland and establishing and cause in the site of infection, relates to many-sided factor.Exist multiple this type of factor (for example, health, stock barn condition, weather, the instrument of giving milk, feed, gene) to work simultaneously.
On breast, there is a large amount of microorganisms with inside.In fact, 137 kind and the subspecies microorganism relevant have been proved conclusively with the mammary gland of cow; Wherein some are the normal flora part, and generally can not cause mastitis.On the contrary, they can protect breast to avoid the infection that the pathogene bacterium is caused.
Yet some other microorganism can cause infection in mammary gland.Modal, those cause that about 90% mastitis infects is Streptococcusagalactiae (Streptococcus agalactiae), staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus Aureus), streptococcus dysgalactiae (Streptococcus Dysgalactiae), streptococcus uberis (Streptococcus uberis), Escherichia coli (Escherischia coli) and corynebacterium pyogenes (Corynebacterium pyogenes).
The microorganism that has communicable microorganism and environment.Infected cow is the main source of communicable microorganism, and it is survived on skin and nipple wound and breeds.They are made up of Streptococcusagalactiae (Streptococcus agalactiae), staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus Aureus) and streptococcus dysgalactiae (Streptococcus dysgalactiae).Environment microorganism (Escherichia coli (Escherischiacoli) and other colon bacillus, streptococcus uberis (Streptococcus uberis)) does not remain on the nipple.Yet their existence indicates the pollution of the height of the soil, straw mattress and the water that are particularly caused by fertilizer.
Used multiple means of defence to be used in people patient and non-human patients, avoiding disease.It can comprise for wash off or restricting bacterial and other be positioned at the nipple expose portion microorganism gathering and carry out give milk before the maintenance health of height, and therefore can wait and clean by colostrum (foremilk).
A based composition that uses in treatment and prevention mastitis forms from the water-based coating system.These applicator have reduced the probability that animal is dyed by the existence of killing activity agent.Yet these nipples are dipped thing (dips) and are very easy to remove.For example, dip thing based on the nipple of polyvinyl alcohol enough water resistancees can not be provided.That is owing to be exposed to water, these films have consumed at about 3 to 4 hours.Under the situation that does not have enough barrier films, this dairy animal is subject to the pollution of environment venereal disease substance, and it can promote the mastitis in the herds.
The feature of another kind of coating substance is by forming the film spacer at skin surface, thereby avoids the contact between vulnerable tissue and the environment.Many antimicrobial materials and multiple such film formation or polymeric material are inconsistent.For example, antimicrobial material can not use effectively with latex, is because this antimicrobial material finally is precipitated out from latex.In addition, latex can not provide the effect of lasting coating mammalian skin.Recently development product provides for mammiform film forming spacer and the applicator that contains antimicrobial.This type of applicator comprises the liquid, polyvinylpyrrolidone and other polyvinyls that have dissolved, protein hydrolysate (protein hydrozylate), natural and synthetic glue, water, ethanol, methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, soluble polymer, unsaturated fat oil, cellulose derivatives, acrylate copolymer structure (lattice) etc.
Clay poultice, homeotherapy, medicinal plant and oxygen therapy can be used as the medicable method to mastitis.Antibiotic is used in existing suggestion, and is used for the treatment of ill animal.Yet it is also far from desirable solution.The problem that milk products is caused except antibiotic (pollution that causes by the antibiont residue, with yogurt and cheese processing in relevant problem, or the like) outside, antibiotic can't reduce the probability of mastitis, this is because they are introduced as possible solution.With opposing or even invalid relevant problem be unusual reality in the situation of the mastitis that causes by colon bacillus and staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus Aureus).
The US patent 6,106,838 of Nitsas discloses antimicrobial compositions, and it comprises the active component of the essential oil that obtains from Origanumvulgare ssp.hirtum, and it comprises thymol and carvacrol as its Main Ingredients and Appearance.Said composition is used for the treatment of the multiple disease that is caused by the pathogene microorganism, comprises the chronic mastitis or the mastitis that are caused by staphylococcus (Staphylococcus) or streptococcus (Streptococcus).
The US patent 6,649,660 of Ninkov discloses pharmaceutical composition, and it has comprised the oily extract of the plant that comes from Labiatae family, and it is used for the treatment of infected by microbes.The US patent 6,921,539 of Ninkov also discloses the therapeutic anti microbial composite similarly and they are being treated as the method in the disease of mastitis.
Above-mentioned document does not openly have the use of the encapsulated essential oil preparation of prevention and therapeutic properties.
Content-in industry exists for before giving milk and the demand of the biocide preparation after giving milk, it is the effective skin antiseptic of height that is used to prevent mastitis, and at the same time for so that low frequency or high-frequency are given milk, making breast and skin of nipple keep good environment.In addition, this based composition can provide and kill the microorganism of causing mastitis fast, and it is water miscible, nontoxic and not irritated.This based composition helps low-frequency dairy of giving milk (dairies), and has eliminated the obstacle of the practice exploitation of the dairy of giving milk for further high-frequency.
Now definite, the preparation that comprises the encapsulated essential oil for preparing by the inventive method or interfacial polymerization can be used for combating microorganisms to be infected as mastitis, and therefore is used to prevent, control and treat microorganism-relevant disease or illness.
Therefore, provide comprise at least a according to the present invention the anti-microbial agents of the encapsulated essential oil microcapsules of new method or foregoing interfacial polymerization preparation, wherein said preparation is effective in treatment or prevention disease relevant with at least a microbial pathogens or illness.
Term ＂ treatment ＂ is meant a certain amount of according to the use that comprises the preparation of volatile essential oil of the present invention as used herein, it effectively improves undesirable symptom relevant with disease or illness, the performance of the symptom of prevention before they occur, reduce the progress of disease or illness, the deterioration of the symptom that reduction is relevant with disease or illness, the irreversible infringement that reduction is caused by pathogene, palliate a disease or the severity or the recovery from illness of illness, guarantee to recover more fast, or the prevent disease form takes place or above-mentioned two or more combination.
In one embodiment, described microbial pathogens is selected from Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli), staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus Aureus), Micrococcus CNS (Micrococcus CNS), streptococcus dysgalactiae (Streptococcus Dysgalactiae), the concealed bacillus (AreanobacteriumPyrogenes) of suppurating, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas Aeruginos).
In another embodiment, described anti-microbial agents be used for the treatment of or the animal and human that prevents giving milk in mastitis.
In another embodiment, described anti-microbial agents is a preservative.
A kind of method of regulating and control mastitis in dairy animal is provided equally, and method comprises to the nipple of described animal uses antimicrobial essential oil preparation, and described preparation is optional can to form separation layer, thereby has prevented microorganism entering to breast basically.
Term ＂ regulation and control (modulating) ＂ is meant a certain amount of according to the use that comprises the preparation of volatile essential oil of the present invention as used herein, it effectively improves undesirable symptom relevant with mastitis, the performance of the symptom of prevention before they occur, reduce the progress of mastitis, reduce the deterioration of the symptom relevant with mastitis, the irreversible infringement that reduction is caused by pathogene, alleviate the severity and the recovery from illness of mastitis, improve and to give milk or recover more fast, or the prevent disease form takes place or above-mentioned two or more combination.
A kind of method that reduces the microbial population on surface or the target also is provided, and described method comprises to surface or target uses antimicrobial essential oil preparation, chooses wantonly and can form antimicrobial separation layer.
In one embodiment, described surface or target are the nipple of dairy animal.
Term " dairy animal " is meant thinks the animal of dairy animal.This type of animal can be ox, goat, camel, alpaca etc.Yet this type of preparation also can be treated the mastitis in the dairy animal effectively, and its milk products are not human diet's part usually in dairy animal.This term also refers to the people.
Formulations employed can be uneven or uniform.In addition, this microencapsulated essential oils can be executed to target with high boiling point (active or nonactive) carrier, as disclosed in US application 11/040,102 author of the present invention, this whole being incorporated herein by reference.
In another embodiment, described preparation comprises at least a encapsulated antimicrobial essential oil and at least a-encapsulated essential oil, as carrier.Preferably, described antimicrobial essential oil is one or more origanum oils, basil, rosemary oil, eucalyptus oil, tea oil or thyme linaloe oil.
Other can encapsulated essential oil be those essential oils that obtain from Labiatae (Lamiaceae), Labiatae (Labiatae) or Verenaceae (Verbenaceae).
The preparation that can form separation layer also can comprise polymer, and it is being applied to the described spacer of back exsiccation formation on the animal skin.Perhaps, said preparation can comprise at least a monomer, and it is in case become dry or polymerization formation polymer spacers in the presence of initator.
In one embodiment, the antimicrobial spacer that forms after using preparation of the present invention is based on the polymer or the monomer that are contained in this essential oil preparation.In another embodiment, this polymer or monomer are not contained in the preparation, but before using, and then it are applied on the skin after using this essential oil preparation, or use with the mixture of now joining before using.
This essential oil preparation, it is used for the disease such as the mastitis of regulating and controlling microbial-relevant or is used to reduce microbial population, also can comprise the antibacterial agent that other is generally used for controlling or treating disease such as mastitis.This type of combination can cause more effectively antimicrobial acivity, its also can show to the action of microorganisms of wide range more prolong or effect extensively.In addition, this type of combination can reduce the valid density of described Antibacterial significantly.Therefore, this type of preparation can be used for regulating and control the mastitis of communicable environment.
Do not wish to be restricted at this, the optional autostability chlorine of other antimicrobial (stabilizedchlorine) as chlorine dioxide, chlorhexidine salt, release chlorine (chlorine release) compound such as alkali metal hypochlorite, oxidant such as hydrogen peroxide and peracid; Protonated carboxylic acid (being fatty acid) is as enanthic acid, sad, n-nonanoic acid, capric acid, hendecanoic acid; Acid anion (acid anionics) is as alkyl aryl sulphonic acid; Quaternary ammonium salt, and iodine.
The preparation of this aspect can be applied to the nipple of dairy animal, by any with the method known as spraying (spraying) on nipple, dab (brushing), swab (swabbing) or bubble (foaming), and any time during giving milk.Said preparation can be used by nipple being dipped in holder that comprises preparation of the present invention or container (be called nipple-dip method).
After using, make the nipple that has been coated become dry, formed antimicrobial spacer and preventative barrier thereon by preparation.
In one embodiment, can immediately said preparation be sprayed at after milking on the breast of animal, this moment, nipple was the easiest is infected, and can remove by the breast from animal before milking next time.Use after this is milked and to prevent that pathogene from entering in the nipple immediately after milking, because nipple-end sphincter (being responsible for closing nipple-end) keeps exposing about 30 minutes in the back of milking.
In another embodiment, this mastitis-resisting preparation can used when the not galactopoiesis phase of not milking begins and during the not galactopoiesis phase.It also can periodically be used breast in the whole not galactopoiesis phase, to prevent and to control mastitis.Necessary part in the mastitis control scheme is not galactopoiesis therapy (dry cowtherapy).Not galactopoiesis therapy is the treatment of the cow during about 4 to 10 weeks before the childbirth cub.Be also referred to as during this period non--lactation period.Although during this period, mammal is not exposed to the machine of milking of potentially contaminated form, and 40 to 50 percent nipple infects and takes place during this period.Because mammiferous immune response is weakened during not galactopoiesis, thereby a high proportion of infection occurs.In addition, papillary dilation during not galactopoiesis makes microorganism to the easier intrusion of mammary gland, and does not have lactation stream (flushinglactation), and the probability of infection increases.Therefore, during not galactopoiesis, treat the probability that dairy animal can reduce infection.
Embodiment 1:
Use the high speed shear blender, the solution that 35g toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI) is mixed with the essential oil (table 1) of 250g adds in the 500g water that contains 5g polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).To wherein adding the 120ml water that has 55.6g polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000.Mix at room temperature and continue 2 hours.The emulsion that obtains is handled with 12g guar gum and 4g Nefocide.In order to destroy the hydrogel viscosity of emulsion, add the lauryl sodium sulfate (SDS) of 10g 1%.
In order to estimate its antimicrobial efficacy, particularly treat mastitis, next on multiple microorganism, test said preparation.
Usually, find that said preparation is effective anti-microbial agents, the pathogene of all tests is all had effectiveness.
Embodiment 2:
To be dissolved in the 250ml H that contains 2.5g polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) that 12g stearic acid in the 100g essential oil adds to quick stirring (high speed shear agitator) 2In the solution of O.To wherein, add 22.8g CaCl 2Hexahydrate is in 20ml H 2Solution among the O, and stirred 2 hours.Then, add the 1.5g nipagin, 8ml Latron B 1956 and 3g guar gum, and continue again to stir 2 hours.
Preparation includes the microcapsules of other essential oils similarly:
The 1-tea oil, encapsulated in lauric acid, use CaCl 2
The 2-thyme linaloe oil, encapsulated in stearic acid, use CaCl 2
The 3-eucalyptus oil, encapsulated in stearic acid, use CaCl 2, contain free (with free) Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil;
The 4-origanum oil, encapsulated in capric acid, use CaCl 2, contain free Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil;
The 5-tea oil, encapsulated in capric acid, use FeCl 2
The 6-citronella oil, encapsulated in lauric acid, use MgCl 2, contain free Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil;
The 7-tea oil, encapsulated in capric acid, use MgCl 2
Testing in vitro:
The effectiveness that use is tested above-mentioned preparation to the sample of the following pathogen that comes from Israeli Dairy Board (preparation and sell):
A) Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli),
B) staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus Aureus),
C) Micrococcus CNS (Micrococcus CNS),
D) streptococcus dysgalactiae (Streptococcus Dysgalactiae)
E) suppurate concealed bacillus (Areanobacterium Pyrogenes) and
G) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas Aeruginos).
Every kind of different bacterium was grown 18 hours at 37 ℃ on TSBA and sheep blood culture plate.The concealed bacillus (Arcanobacterium Pyrogenes) of will suppurating grew 42 hours down at 30 ℃.Then, with bacterium with the Sterile Saline of 0.9N from the culture plate wash-out, and be suspended in the Sterile Saline.With the concentration adjustment of bacterial suspension to about 5 x 10 8CFU/ml.
In this suspension, use the essential oil preparation that comprises origanum oil, tea oil or thyme linaloe oil.Use the essential oil preparation of variable concentrations, 0.01% to 1%.The common volume of inoculated bacteria and oil formulation is 5ml.
After 10 minutes, use vavuum pump to filter in this mixture the mixture vortex of this inoculum and essential oil preparation by aseptic glass micro-filter (1.2 microns of GF/C are available from Whatman filter company).
With the dilution of this liquid filtrate and be transferred to TSBA and sheep blood culture plate.This plate was cultivated 18-42 hour under optimum temperature; Count the bacterium colony of the bacterium on each plate thereafter.
The result is summarised in following table 1 and 2:
Figure A200780013591D00301
Figure A200780013591D00311
Table 1: according to the summary of the antibacterial efficacy of the different preparation of the encapsulated essential oil of method of embodiment 1.
Figure A200780013591D00312
Table 2: according to the summary of the antibacterial efficacy of the different preparation of the encapsulated essential oil of method of embodiment 2.
Embodiment 3:
The essential oil that the plant of essential oil such as tea oil, eucalyptus oil, origanum oil, the essential oil that obtains from thyme, essential oil that the herbaceous plant that obtains from origanum (origanum) obtains and other Labiatae (Lamiaceae), Labiatae (Labiatae) or Verenaceae (Verbenaceae) belongs to is also encapsulated according to the method for embodiment 2.
These essential oils also can be by coming encapsulated as embodiment 1 disclosed interfacial polymerization.The mixture that has also prepared the microcapsules that comprise polyurethane microcapsule and polyurea microcapsule, its various microcapsules have different release characteristics, to provide the release characteristics of relative broad range for preparation.
Expeling of insect and elimination
Background-with insecticide like that only after insect has been positioned on the target, shouting pain also may cause direct or the delay infection, the effectiveness difference that just may show them, insect repellent stops insect to fly into or contact and stops them to bite or suck they attractive surfaces, for example animal and human's skin.Under many circumstances, expeling is bitten, is sucked blood and other harassing and wrecking insects are badly in need of very much, because their parts also can spread disease.Therefore, the active ingredient that is used to drive away this type of insect have important cleaning, health with the cosmetic sexual function to realize its effect.
Insect repellent is extensively sent out use in the U.S. and the whole world.In some areas, the use of insect repellent is very necessary, thereby is used for avoiding or reducing the appearance of the disease of being carried by insect.For example Center for Disease Control (Centers for Disease Control CDC) receives about 101,000 example report Lai Mushi (Lyme) sick (being propagated by deer lice class) and 1,000 example every year and reports encephalitis (by mosquitoes spread).
Known a lot of effectively pest repellants in this area.These one of them N, the N-diethyl--toluamide (DEET) demonstrated and has been very effectively mosquito pest repellant, and think one of at present the most frequently used.DEET is being applicable to patient's skin in design, and expulsion rather than kill insects.The many compositions that comprise this material can be buied, and it is used for humans and animals, for example with emulsion or aerosol combination form.
Begun to pay close attention to the toxicity of children being used for a long time DEET and other available insect pest repellants recently.At present, forbid the children below 7 years old are used DEET.Recently US EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA) determine no longer to allow the product that contains DEET to Labels Were Marked with children are safe promptings.In addition, although DEET is effective pest repellant, it has dual shortcoming, and it must use with relative high concentration, and prior, it can not effectively provide lasting antagonism insect to surpass about 6 hours protective effect.
In time sustained release preparation, many encapsulated insect repellents of having reported for work.The example of this type of pest repellant system is disclosed in people's such as Munteanu U.S. patent 4,548,764 and the U.S. patent 5,069,231 of Rutherford.The encapsulated system of this type of pest repellant has very limited effect in time, and the common term of validity is less than 1 week.Usually have height volatile materials such as ester, ether and aldehyde in the composition that can get, it makes these compositions unstable in essence, and therefore needs the existence of chemical stabilizer.
The pest repellant that can get for the another kind of driving away the little insect of sucking blood from mammalian skin, hair or hair is cyano group (3-Phenoxyphenyl) methyl-4-chloro-α-(1-Methylethyl)-phenylacetate.This reactive compound can be formulated as the composition (referring to for example US patent No. 4,547,360) that is suitable for being locally applied to mammalian skin, hair or hair easily.
Essential oil also uses in driving away insect.For example, use lavender oil to be used to protect children to avoid the head louse invasion and attack.Piperonal (1,3-benzodioxole (benzodioxol)-5-formaldehyde) is introduced as pest repellant on market recently.Having produced the lemongrass candle that is used to drive away insect, is not very effective insect repellent although demonstrated citronella oil, though when its when candle is released into the air.The topical composition of buying that comprises citronella oil is not very effective, if the patient perspires, may be owing to their action time is very short, that is, 10-20 minute or littler, and if expeling effect completely needs to cover whole health.
Reported for work in agricultural based on the use of the preparation of essential oil.The present inventor's PCT publication number WO 04/098767 discloses the microcapsules of essential oil, its useful as pesticides, insect repellent and antiviral or antifungal agent etc.When microcapsules are applied to given material, be contained in wherein essential oil with constant speed along with the time discharges.The effectiveness of these type of microcapsules depends on the parameter that the usefulness of encapsulated material is relevant with microcapsules itself, promptly, the thickness of big or small, encapsulated film, be contained in the ability etc. of the lasting release of essential oil wherein, and do not depend on the aqueous medium that becomes dry immediately after the targeted environment that they are carried.
The present inventor's US patent application 11/040,102 discloses the encapsulated essential oil preparation, and it comprises at least a encapsulated volatile essential oil and nonvolatile carrier, contains described at least a volatile essential oil in carrier.This type of preparation is used for agricultural environment Pest Control population.
Content-have now found that is as those essential oil preparations of making according to the method or the method for the present invention of US application 11/040,102, but can be used for driving away or eliminating insect from animal or human's skin or surface with to the target of their attractive land.This type of insect is to cause worry or injury to the animal or human, and can for example be mosquito, lice class, fly, ant and cockroach.Also found this type of preparation can directly be applied to animal or human's skin can contact with the animal or human or the indoor or outdoors surface of intimate contact on.
For example, US application 11/040,102 preparation, it (for example comprises encapsulated volatile essential oil, lemongrass) and nonvolatile essential oil as carrier (for example, Dalmatian chrysanthemum), and it also can contain active agent such as insect growth regulator, IGR, Rimon (Novaluron), (contain with encapsulated essential oil, in carrier, or both), verified they from wet or moist environment such as natural or artificial reservoir such as fish pond, lake, crawl, drink reservoir and the effectiveness of insect is driven away or eliminated in other aquatic products industry.
Compare with existing insect repellent,, determined that use pest repellant/elimination preparation can arrive one or more following advantages for similar purpose:
1. compare with those commercially available pest repellants that get, they are more effective for using of application on human skin;
2. they have reduced insect population significantly in handled zone, therefore eliminate or lowered significantly the use of skin contact preparation;
3. they have reduced the disease that caused by mosquito and other insect or the diffusion of infringement more effectively;
4. they can be used in combination and have synergy at haunt serious place and skin preparation of mosquito or insect;
5. they can be used to reduce in the animal place population of insect, need not single animal be used as dog canopy, stock barn and circus troupe; With
Therefore 6. they can be used near children, have avoided direct contact and have used and guaranteed children more are far more than side effect to the adult.
Therefore, another aspect of the present invention provides pest repellant or insecticidal preparation, be used for being reduced in the population of insect of the non-agricultural environment of processing, described preparation comprises at least a encapsulated volatile essential oil and nonvolatile carrier, carries described at least a volatile essential oil in this carrier.Nonvolatile carrier can be solid or liquid-carrier.
In one embodiment, the preparation of this encapsulated essential oil is that the method according to this invention is prepared.In another embodiment, the preparation of this encapsulated essential oil prepares by interfacial polymerization.
In another embodiment, the insect of described insect for causing worry or injury to the animal or human.This type of insect can, be not limited thereto, be selected from mosquito, lice class, fly, ant and cockroach.
In another embodiment, described nonvolatile carrier is selected from nonvolatile essential oil, nonvolatile vegetable oil or its any combination.
When the preparation said preparation was suitable for directly being applied on animal or human's the skin, it can also comprise at least a medicine or cosmetic reagent, and when its application to skin, it can provide other advantage (for example menthol, vanillic aldehyde).
For the animal or human uses, this essential oil can be selected from: peppermint oil, caryophyllus oil, eucalyptus oil and lavender oil; Fennel oil, Angelica oil, orris oil, anise oil, orange oil, Java Cananga Oil, caraway oil, cardamom oil, guaiac wood oil, cymin oil, lindera oil, cinnamon oil, geranium oil, copaiba balsam oil, coriander oil, perilla oil, cedar oil, citronella oil, jasmine oil, palmarosa Sofia oil, cedar oil, spearmint oil, western peppermint oil, oil of badian, tuberose oil, caryophyllus oil, neroli oil, wintergreen, Tolu balsam oil, patchouli oil, attar of rose, palmarosa oil, Japanese cypress oil, Hiba oil, sandalwood oil, petit grain oil, laurel, vetiver oil, bergamot oil, Peru balsam oil, rosewood oil, camphorated oil, mandarin oil, eucalyptus oil, limette oil, lavender oil, linaloe oil, lemongrass oil, lemon oil, rosemary oil and Japanese peppermint oil.
Can be in preparation encapsulated and drive away the optional oil of essential oil of insect from animal or application on human skin from almond oil, fennel oil, basil, laurel, caraway oil, cardamom oil, cedar oil, celery oil, chamomile oil, cinnamon oil, citronella oil, caryophyllus oil, coriander oil, cymin oil, dill oil, eucalyptus oil, anise oil, ginger oil, oil of grapefruit, lemon oil, limette oil, peppermint oil, parsley oil, peppermint oil, papper oil, attar of rose, spearmint oil (menthol), orange oil, thyme linaloe oil, curcuma oil and Chinese ilex.
The example of active ingredient is in the essential oil: citronellal, gaultherolin, salethyl, propyl salicylate, citronellol, safrol and limonene, Organo, lemongrass and lavender, geranium oil, rosemary oil and peppermint oil, spearmint oil, pine needle oil and eucalyptus oil.Not too suitable, but unspent be lemon oil, oil of grapefruit, lavandin oil, cinnamon oil, caryophyllus oil, thyme linaloe oil, wintergreen, cedar oil, lemongrass oil, mandarin oil, tangerine oil, orange oil, citrus oils, limette oil, coriander oil, pomegranate oil, nut oil, peanut oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, Linseed oil, safflower oil and olive oil.
It can use in preparation and be suitable for the essential oil that humans and animals uses as larvicide and insecticide and its and can be selected from the pine tree Dalmatian chrysanthemum, tea tree, thyme and the essential oil that comes from following family: α-terpineol, amyl cinnamic aldehyde, amyl salicylate, anisic aldehyde, benzylalcohol, benzyl acetate, cinnamic acid, cinnamyl alcohol, carvacrol, carveol, citral, citronellal, citronellol, the dimethyl salicylate ester, eucalyptol (cineole), eugenol, different-eugenol, galaxolide, geraniol, guaiacol, irisone, the d-limonene, menthol, methyl anthranilate, methylionone, the cresotinic acid acid esters, α-phellandrene, pennyroyal oil, perilla seed aldehyde, 1-or 2-phenylethyl alcohol, 1-or 2-phenyl ethyl propionate ester, piperonal, the piperitol acetate, piperonyl alcohol, the D-pulegone, terpinene-4-alcohol, terpinyl acetate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetic acid esters, thyme linaloe oil (Bai Hehong), thymol, instead-trans-anethole, vanillic aldehyde, Ethyl vanillin etc.
Same useful have rosemary oil and/or wintergreen, it can be with plants essential oil such as thyme linaloe oil, eugenol and 2-phenethyl propionic ester, carvacrol with derived from β-thujaplicines of Thujopsis dolabrata (Thujopsis dolabrata varhondai) sawdust.
Other reagent is optional from auxiliary agent, antioxidant, UV absorbent, surfactant, water-soluble polymer and non--water-soluble polymer, solvent (for example alcohol) etc.
Any concrete preparation depends on the combination of employed essential oil or essential oil as the applicability of pest repellant or insecticide.A kind of essential oil combination can only be used to drive away insect, and another kind can be eliminated them effectively.The concentration of employed essential oil preparation also has influence for the expeling and the elimination ability of said preparation.
Term ＂ drives away ＂ or any linguistic variant and is meant and insect expelled and does not guarantee to kill their action.Term ＂ eliminates the action that ＂ or any linguistic variant kill the whole of insect population or its part.Term " insect " is meant mosquito, lice class, fly, ant and cockroach and other insect, nematoda, and it causes worry or infringement to the animal or human.
Term ＂ mosquito ＂ refers to the mosquito of any kind of as used herein, for example, malarial mosquito, yellow-fever mosquito and culex include but not limited to tiger mosquito, indigenous yellow-fever mosquito (Aedes aborigines), Aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, Aedes cantator, Aedes sierrensis, aedes sollicitans (Aedes sollicitans), aedes squamiger, sting thorn yellow-fever mosquito (Aedes sticticus), Aedes vexans, anopheles quadrimaculatus, northern house and culex pipiens fatigans.
Term ＂ tick ＂ comprises the tick of any kind of as used herein, include but not limited to deer lice (deerticks), U.S. dog lice (Dermacentor variabilis), Ornithodoros parkeri, carapatos (O.moubata) and Dermacentor andersoni (Dermacentor andersoni).Term ＂ cockroach ＂ is meant the cockroach of any kind of as used herein, includes but not limited to U.S. cockroach (American cockroach), Germany cockroach (Groton bug), oriental cockroach (oriental cockroach), wooden cockroach (Pennsylvania wood Lian), brown band Lian (brownbanded cockroach) (long palpus blattaria (Supella longipalpa)) and smoke Perilpaneta americana (smokybrown cockroach) (Peroplaneta fluligginosa (Periplaneta fuliginosa)).
By driving away or eliminate the population of the insect that can cause the targeted environment infringement, said preparation also can pass through the virus that restriction is propagated by the insect carrier, thereby helps to reduce the infringement that is caused by virus.
Said preparation can be prepared as various forms, and it depends on application, environment, the concentration of administered formulation and the degree (skin that for example is applied to whole skins or contains concrete organ) of covering handled.This type of dosage form can, be not limited thereto, be selected from emulsification concentrate (emulsified concentrate), wetting powder, granular wetting powder, preparation, suspension, granule, pulvis, fumigant, solution, spray agent and aqueous solution can flow.
The present invention also provides a kind of method that can cause the insect population of worry or injury to the animal or human that is used to drive away or eliminate, described method comprises to non-agricultural environment or the insect population administered formulation in described environment, said preparation comprises at least a encapsulated volatile essential oil and nonvolatile carrier, carries described at least a volatile essential oil in the carrier.
In one embodiment, described method relates to directly use said preparation on animal or human's skin.
In another embodiment, described method relates to said preparation is applied to the surface as the surface of floor, wall, ceiling, furniture, net, screen, lawn, clothes, seat, animal stock barn, and aquatic products industry.
Have been found that also that during the research that causes the present application nonvolatile carrier has strengthened the dispel effect that applies by volatile essential oil, and volatile essential oil has increased the effect that is applied by nonvolatile vehicle.Therefore, the present invention also provides the pest repellant preparation of the preparation of the present invention that comprises effective dose separately.
In another embodiment, said preparation is except the essential oil pest repellant, also can comprise at least a following additive that is selected from: insect growth regulator, IGR (IGR), insecticide, acaricide, fungicide, nematicide and/or ectoparasiticide, in microcapsules or as the part of carrier.Preferably, described preparation can contain at least a insecticide, and it is dissolved in described at least a encapsulated essential oil or is dissolved in this nonvolatile vehicle.This insecticides can for example be carbamate, urea, triazine, triazole, uracil, organic phosphate, morpholine, dinitroaniline, acyl group alanine, pyrethroid thing, and organochlorine.Concrete example is a carbofuran; gusathion m; sulfentrazone (sulfentrazone); azoles humulone (carfentrazone-ethyl); cypermethrin; cyromazine (cyromazine); β-cyfloxylate; 5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4; phosmet; bromax (chlorobromuron); chloroxifenidium; chlortoluron; fluometuron; metobromuron; thiazfluron; diflubenzuron; fluorine bell urea; diflubenzuron; flufenoxuron; the octafluoro urea; UC 62644; Rimon (novaluron); dimethachlor; propisochlor; the third careless amine (pretilachlor); the 2-chloro-just-(1-methyl-2-methoxy ethyl)-acetyl group-2; the 6-xylidine; alachlor; butachlor; propachlor; xylenol fenacet (dimethenamid); bifenox; 4-(4-pentyne-1-base oxygen base) diphenyl ether; acifluorfen; Oxyfluorfen; fluoroglycofen-ethyl; Fomesafen; cis; trans-(+)-2-ethyl-5-(4-phenoxy group phenoxymethyl)-1; the 3-dioxolanes; fluazifop; haloxyfop-P-methyl; the spirit of fluorine pyrrole second standing grain; fluorine holder pyrrole gram (fluorotopic) oxazole diclofop-methyl; quizalofop-ethyl; propaquizafop; diclofop-methyl; Ding Leling; the spirit of alkene fluorine; the spirit of chlorine fluorine; isopropaline,2,6-dinitroN,N-dipropylcumidine; Pendimethalin; profluralin; trefanocide; Accra bacterium spirit (aclalaninesfuralaxyl); metalaxyl; suffer; methyl wheat straw volt; Difenoconazole; etaconazole; propiconazole; 1; 2-(2; the 4-dichlorophenyl)-penta-1-base-1h-1; 2; the 4-triazole; triazolone; Elacron; furans sulphur prestige (furathiocarb); Aldicarb; benomyl; 2-secondary butyl phenenyl methyl carbamate; wood Fen prestige (etiofencarb); fenoxycarb; Mobucin; unden; carbetamide (carbetamid); the fourth grass is special; Avadex; Eptam (eptc); molinate; benthiocarb; triallate; vernolate; penta grass is clean; anilofos; restrain climing phosphorus; methylpyridine phosphorus; chlorfenvinpho; dichlorvos; diazinon; methidathion; azinphos ethyl; gusathion m; chlopyrifos; chlormephos (chlorthiofos); crotoxyphos; cynock; demeton; dialifos; Rogor; disulfoton; etrimfos; famphur; fluorine sulphur ground peace (flusulfothion); fluorine sulphur peace (fluthion); Fonofos; the peace fruit; heptenophos; isofenphos oxazole phosphorus; the malathion; fenoxaprop-P; Menite; 2-dichloroethylk dimethyl phosphate; metilomerkaptofosoksid; thiometan; parathion; phoxim; pirimiphos-methyl (pyrimiphos methyl); Profenofos; Kayaphos; propetamphos; Toyodan (prothiophos); quinalphos; sulprofos; the U.S. phosphorus (phemephos) in Fen; terbufos; Hostathion; Agrisil; Nemacur (fenamipos); isazofos; the second month in a season-benzyl-neighbour; neighbour-diisopropyl thionic phosphonate ester (s-benzyl-o, o-diidopropylphosphorothioate); according to ground phosphorus (edinphos) and pyrazophos.
In another embodiment, can be used for resisting can be as the insect of the transmitted virus of the viral vectors that infects for preparation of the present invention.Term " viral vectors " is meant as defined herein any and the insect of this example, it is for carrying and propagate the organism of the plant virus (plant virus disease-causing) of causing disease.
In another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of method that is used to control insect population, described method comprises to targeted environment or to described insect population or to its site uses microencapsulated essential oils preparation as disclosed herein.
Term " non-agricultural targeted environment " is often referred to the environment that is different from agricultural or gardening environment as used herein.Yet this term is meant the indoor or outdoors environment, wherein needs to drive away or eliminate insect.It can be the room in the house, work office, interior of building, park, school, nursery, public entertainment zone, sports ground, traffic and transport field such as subway station, departure hall (airport terminals), yacht, automobile, bus, train etc.Sprayable surface is floor, wall, ceiling, furniture, net, screen, lawn etc.
Because great majority can cause the insect of worry or injury to find their site in contiguous or wet environment such as pond to the animal or human, exist and from this type of wet environment (being aquatic products industry), eliminate insect population that exists or the needs that they are driven away.
In fact, have been found that preparation of the present invention can be applied to multiple reservoir (water reservoir), thereby reach the population of eliminating this type of existing insect or from the target reservoir, drive away opportunistic insect (opportunistic insect).Use this type of reservoir as pastime or as current consumption, this has been avoided using environment and humans and animals has been produced the poisonous and long-standing compound of environmental hazard.
Term " reservoir " or " wet environment " are meant at this, are not limited thereto water system, cooling system, swimming pool, natural and artificial reservoir, fishing ground, water tank, crawl, irrigation system and any other water system.
In one embodiment, said preparation is added in the reservoir with the amount of anhydrous form with enough control insect populations.In another embodiment, it is dissolved in suitable carriers after, this anhydrous composition is added in the reservoir.
The preparation of the usefulness that eliminates destructive insects in reservoir also can be used for controlling microbial and prevents the water source, and particularly the root system of irrigation conduit is invaded (root intrusion).
Drip irrigation also under the surface, is referred to as technology underground or that low discharge is irrigated by a kind of on the surface, is a kind of method that water and nutrients directly is delivered to the plant roots zone.This type of water is carried and is provided accurate irrigation control and to effective use of limited water resource.This irrigation system is installed simple and easy, and installation cost is relatively low, makes all to select subsurface irrigation solution for private or public consumer for pouring garden and park.
Come irrigating plant by the water that uses regeneration, the underground drip irrigation technique system with control of appropriate designs provides the advantage of many relative conventional irrigation methods, pass through in underground dispensing water as subsurface irrigation, thereby make the health risk relevant reduce to minimum with being exposed to recycled water.
For prolonged application, the potential that stops up and the outside root system of drip irrigation pipe is invaded (root intrusion) for a main challenge that the utilizes underground drip irrigation technique inside that is the irrigation system.Proposed a lot of solutions, for example, some use trefanocide the root system of emitter (emitters) to be invaded preventing, and other is invaded spacer with root system and directly is incorporated into tubing itself.
Although the inside that the deposition of the solid of root system intrusion drip irrigation pipe and sediment, suspension causes is stopped up, algae and bacterial slime have reduced greatly by good preliminary treatment, sterilised filtration and new pipeline and emitter design.Existence is for the demand of unified approach, and it can both prevent the intrusion of opportunistic root system, also can prevent because sedimental the gathering that the growth of fungi and bacterium causes.
The problem of a maximum is bacterium and the fungi in the water in aquatic products industry production and control, and it is bred fast and in several hours or several days fish and shrimp is killed.Use preparation disclosed herein to this type of aquatic products industry and help to control this type of fungi and bacterium, thereby and help to remain on alive and state health.
Bacterium and fungal infection can be by control as above is discussed.Nematoda also can be by controlling its control line insects and their ovum to the soil application essential oil preparation that comprises natural essential oil of the present invention.
Have now found that introducing the preparation that comprises encapsulated essential oil to the current of subirrigation system makes it possible to long-time controlling microbial and prevent the root system of pipeline is invaded.
Therefore, the present invention also provides preparation, and it comprises at least a essential oil with antimicrobial and/or fungicidal property that is selected from, and as disclosed in this, it is used for controlling microbial and prevents its root system intrusion to irrigation conduit.The example of this type of essential oil is tea oil, thyme linaloe oil, caryophyllus oil, eucalyptus oil, origanum oil, citronella oil, basil, anise oil and fennel oil.
In one embodiment, these essential oils can use with the mixture of synthetic herbicide and be used for root system control.In another embodiment, use essential oil with herbicidal properties.These essential oil or synthetic weed killer herbicides with herbicidal properties can be encapsulated together or encapsulated in different microcapsules.
Essential oil with herbicidal properties is those essential oils that comprise 6-unit monocycle, carbocyclic ring structure and replaced by at least a oxidation (oxygenated) or hydroxy functional group.The example that is included in the plants essential oil in this definition comprises, but be not limited to, be selected from aldehyde C16 (pure), amyl cinnamic aldehyde, amyl salicylate, anisic aldehyde, benzylalcohol, benzyl acetate, cinnamic acid, cinnamyl alcohol, α-terpineol, carvacrol, carveol, citral, citronellal, citronellol, cymene, diethyl phthalate, the dimethyl salicylate ester, dipropylene glycol, eucalyptol (cineole), eugenol, different-eugenol, galaxolide, geraniol, guaiacol, irisone, the d-limonene, menthol, methyl anthranilate, methylionone, the cresotinic acid acid esters, α-phellandrene, pennyroyal oil, piperonal, 1-or 2-phenylethyl alcohol, 1-or 2-phenyl ethyl propionate ester, piperonal, the piperitol acetate, piperonyl alcohol, the D-pulegone, terpinene-4-alcohol, terpinyl acetate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetic acid esters, thyme linaloe oil, thymol, instead-metabolite of trans-anethole, vanillic aldehyde, Ethyl vanillin etc.
These essential oils also can be used as the spacer of the encapsulated essential oil that is used to have antimicrobial and Fungicidally active.
Be used for antimicrobial or/and the essential oil of antifungal and/or weeding can be encapsulated at identical microcapsules together, or mix then with microcapsules manufacturing independently.
Preparation of the present invention can be used as single preparation and exists, stores, packs or use, wherein, encapsulated volatile essential oil and nonvolatile carrier premixed, or as the bi-component preparation, described bi-component preparation comprises encapsulated volatile essential oil as first component, for example in independent container or use separately, and nonvolatile carrier is as second component.
Therefore, provide a kind of method that is used to control insect population, described method comprises:
-to target use the microcapsule formulation that comprises at least a volatile essential oil and
-use second preparation that comprises non-volatile agent to targeted environment.
Using of described second preparation can be carried out after using first preparation immediately, and perhaps any time after it is used carries out.For concrete condition, those skilled in the art can determine that disclosed herein being used for control any of two kinds of methods of insect population and be more suitable for.
Preparation disclosed herein can be delivered to target by any method known to those skilled in the art.These class methods can comprise as: (a) by for example with dilute with water or as described in the liquid preparation of dilute with water is not applied to the surface and with as described in preparation manually or mechanically be applied to given surface; (b) will be applied to as the granule of pulvis or wetting powder as described in the surface; (c) near gardens many or concrete selected zone are by ground or aerial spraying liquid preparation; (d) preparation is embedded in the topsoil of garden, or the like.
A) be used to drive away the preparation of mosquito
Using down, series preparation is used for from various surfaces and indoor or outdoors place expeling mosquito:
Preparation 1: citronella oil, lavender oil, geranium oil (geranium oil) are dissolved in the apricot kernel oil with the ratio of 1:1:1, and the oil solution of formation 24% is (with trade (brand) name Di-Tush TM, Tamar Ltd., Israel buys), with this these oil by the microencapsulation in polyurethane coated (envelope) of the method among the following embodiment 1.
Preparation 2: encapsulated citronella oil and not-encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil.
Preparation 3: encapsulated citronella oil and Rimon (Novaluron) and not-encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil.
Preparation 4: encapsulated citronella oil and Rimon and not-encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil and 20mg Rimon.
Preparation 5: encapsulated citronella oil and Rimon and not-encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil and 10mg Rimon.
Preparation 6: encapsulated citronella oil and Rimon and not-encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil and Rimon.
Preparation 7: encapsulated tea oil.
Preparation 8: encapsulated tea tree and Rimon and not-encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil.
Preparation 9: Dalmatian chrysanthemum, citronella oil, sesame oil are encapsulated in lauric acid, use CaCl 2
Preparation 10: encapsulated tea tree and Rimon and not-encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil and Rimon.
Preparation 11: tea oil is encapsulated in lauric acid, uses CaCl 2, with not-encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil.
Preparation 12: tea oil is encapsulated in lauric acid, uses CaCl 2, with not-encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil.
Preparation 13: citronella oil is encapsulated in stearic acid, uses CaCl 2, with not-encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil.
Preparation 14: tea oil is encapsulated in stearic acid, uses CaCl 2, with free Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil.
Preparation 15: citronella oil is encapsulated in capric acid, uses CaCl 2, with not-encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil.
Preparation 16: tea oil is encapsulated in capric acid, uses CaCl 2, with not-encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil.
Preparation 17: citronella oil is encapsulated in capric acid, uses MgCl 2, with free Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil.
Preparation 18: tea oil is encapsulated in capric acid, uses MgCl 2, with free Dalmatian chrysanthemum and sesame oil.
Preparation 19: above-mentioned each preparation is also used fatty acid and divalence Ca or Mg salt such as Ca (OH) 2Or Mg (OH) 2Or come encapsulated with multiple other divalence or trivalent ion and various counter ion.
B) repellency test
Embodiment 1:
Three kinds of active components such as lemongrass, lavender and the spiceleaf essential oil mixture with the ratio of 1:1:1 is dissolved in the apricot kernel oil, forms 24% active ingredient solution, but this solution prepared in laboratory or with trade (brand) name Di-Tush TM(Tamar LTD Israel) buys.
The Di-Tush that the 153g of 24% active essential oil concentration will be arranged in this embodiment, TMMix with the TDI of 19.8g, and be dispersed in the aqueous solution of 270g water and 2.7g PVA.Approximately form microcapsules after 5 minutes, add the PEG 4000 that is dissolved in the 32.3g in the 75g water, and continue to mix.In the preparation later stage, add 2.4g Nefocide, the dibastic sodium phosphate of 0.7g Rodopol and capacity is so that the pH level is about 6.
In a similar fashion, prepared preparation 1 with 48% active concentration.In the time of on being sprayed at floor and wall, two kinds of preparations all demonstrate good mosquito and drive away character.Two kinds of preparations all demonstrate than not-the longer active duration of encapsulated preparation.
Embodiment 2:
Use the high speed shear blender, add in the 500g water that contains 5g PVA sneaking into the solution that has a 35gTDI of 6% formulations of active ingredients 1 to 250g.To wherein, add water and the 55.6gPEG4000 of 120ml.At room temperature continue to mix 2 hours.Disperse to add in the thing fungicide (Nefocide) of 12g guar gum and 4g to this.For broken hydrogel, add 10g SDS (1%).
When with 50ml-1, the concentration of the 0.05-1% of 000ml or is sprayed on the soil of 1 acre contiguous dwelling house with the concentration of 0.1%-0.5% on half acre, and it keeps not having mosquito in 2 weeks, and adjacent domain suffers the serious plague of insects.This preparation shown than identical essential oil not-encapsulated preparation or be purchased not-active duration that encapsulated essential oil is longer.
Embodiment 3:
(the high speed shear agitator) that the 12g capric acid that will be dissolved in the 100g citronella oil adds to quick stirring contains the 250ml H of 2.5g PVA 2In the solution of O.To wherein, be incorporated in 20ml H 222.8g MgCl among the O 2Hexahydrate, and stirred 2 hours.Then, add 20g Dalmatian chrysanthemum, 2g sesame oil, 1.5g nipagin, 8ml Latron B 1956 and 3g guar gum, and continue to stir other 2 hours.
Embodiment 4:
Repeat embodiment 3, but without Dalmatian chrysanthemum.When being sprayed at surface as wall, floor, ceiling, furniture, net, screen, lawn, clothes, seat, the animal of room and office and holding the surface of canopy and aquatic products industry, preparation 3 and 4 all shows good mosquito expeling character.
Embodiment 5:
Be similar to preparation 1, use 93g citronella oil, 10g Dalmatian chrysanthemum and 1g sesame oil to replace the Di-Tush product, preparation preparation 5.
Embodiment 6:
Be similar to preparation 1, use geranium oil, replace the Di-Tush product, preparation preparation 6 as encapsulated volatile essential oil.
Embodiment 7:
Be similar to preparation 1, use tea oil, replace the Di-Tush product, preparation preparation 7 as encapsulated volatile essential oil.
Embodiment 8:
Be similar to preparation 1, use lavender oil or caryophyllus oil, replace the Di-Tush product, preparation preparation 8 as encapsulated volatile essential oil.
Embodiment 9:
Preparation 9 uses following ingredients and measures to prepare basically with for preparation 1 disclosed identical method.Use following ingredients to replace the Di-Tush product: 2.1g PVA, 88g ginger oil, 22g cottonseed oil, 15.3g TDI, 24.4g PEG 4000,1.8g Nefocide and 0.5g Rodopol.
Embodiment 10:
The preparation preparation is as the pest repellant (Musca Domestica) to house fly.
The Di-Tush that 250 grams is had 96% active essential oil concentration mixes with the TDI of 35g, and is dispersed in the aqueous solution of the 500ml water that contains 5.0g PVA.Form microcapsules after about 5 minutes, add the PEG 4000 that is dissolved in the 55.6g in the 120ml water, and continue to disperse up to forming homogeneous solution (about 30 minutes to 2 hours).In the latter stage of preparation, add 4.0g Nefocide and 10g SDS (lauryl sodium sulfate).Along with continuing to stir, add 12 gram guar gums, to obtaining uniform solution.
In order to determine the expeling of said preparation, in the test of each a-type double, use the ripe fly of about 400 laboratory-growths.This fly is limited in the environment of sealing, and the quantity of the fly that counting lands on the scraps of paper of spraying and not spraying with the preparation of preparation.
Can be from following table 3 as can be seen, in all repeated experiments, the quantity of the fly on spraying paper of landing is lacked a lot than the quantity of control group.In addition, after 1,48 hour, observe about 35% lethality in repeated experiments.After 2,1 hours, observe 65% lethality for repeated experiments, after 5 hours, observe 91% lethality.After 24 hours, observe whole population death.
Figure A200780013591D00441
Figure A200780013591D00451
The effect of the pest repellant antagonism housefly (Musca Domestica) of the preparation of table 3: embodiment 10.
Embodiment 11:
The insecticidal preparation of preparation antagonism ant (Tapinoma simrothi) and cockroach (Germanica Blatella).Said preparation is the preparation A that is prepared as follows and the combination of B:
Preparation A: tea oil and the 18.3g chlopyrifos (pyrinex) of 112.5g are mixed with 18.7g TDI.This solution is dispersed in the aqueous solution of 250ml water of the PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) that contains 2.5g dissolving.To wherein, add 65ml water and 4.2g ethylenediamine and 3.7g diethylenetriamines, and continue to disperse.After stirring obtains even dispersion liquid, to wherein adding 1.7g Nefocide and 6.0g guar gum, and continue to stir.Use acid this solution to be neutralized to pH 7 then as citric acid.Then, add 5.15g sesame oil and 51.5g Dalmatian chrysanthemum, and continue to stir up to obtaining uniform mixture once more.
Preparation B: tea oil and the 18.3g chlopyrifos of 112.5g are mixed with the TDI of 17.5g, it is dispersed in the aqueous solution of 250ml water of the PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) that contains 2.5g dissolving.To wherein, add 70ml water and 23.3g PEG 3350, and continue to disperse to mix, through after the other stirring, form uniform dispersion liquid.Then, add 2.0g Nefocide, 5.0g SDS and 6.0g guar gum, and continue to stir.At last, add 5.15g sesame oil and 51.5g Dalmatian chrysanthemum, and continue to stir up to obtaining uniform mixture.
Then preparation A and B are mixed with the ratio of the B of the A of 40g and 20g.In order to test the effectiveness of said preparation, spray in the space of the qualification that ant or cockroach are placed this combination and definite per cent death loss.The result provides in following table 4.
Figure A200780013591D00471
Table 4: combination preparation is to the effectiveness of ant (Tapinoma simrothi) and cockroach (Germanica Blatella)
Embodiment 12:
The essential oil microcapsules of using in the drip irrigation system can form by interfacial polymerization and method of the present invention.
17.5g TDI is sneaked in the 125g caryophyllus oil, add to then in the 250g water that contains 2.5g PVA, use the high speed shear gaseous mixture.To wherein, add the 70ml water that contains 27.8g PEG 4000.At room temperature continue to mix 2 hours, obtain dispersion liquid.To this dispersion liquid add the 0.4g xanthans (xanthanegum, rodopol) and the fungicide (Nefocide) of 2g.For the hydrogel character of broken this emulsion, add 5g SDS (lauryl sodium sulfate, 1%).
When this preparation being given to this water inlet that is used for the underground drip irrigation system or the drip irrigation system face of land, ground, find that its place, hole in pipeline and system has controlled bacterium and conk effectively.
Embodiment 13:
When the encapsulated essential oil of embodiment 1 is prepared with weed killer herbicide, this weed killer herbicide is selected from 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dichlobenil) and sodium dimethyldithiocar-bamate (SDDC) (sodium methyldithiocarbamate, Metam), diquat and paraquat, grow into the root system in water hole and bacterium and conk and also controlled effectively.
Embodiment 14:
Repeat embodiment 12, use the 125g thyme linaloe oil to replace caryophyllus oil, in the pipeline and hole of irrigation system, in effective control bacterium and conk, obtain identical good result.
Embodiment 15:
Repeat embodiment 12, use to have antimicrobial and essential oil activity of weeding, as pine-tree oil, tea oil or eucalyptus oil.Preparation comprises each or the combination in these essential oils, and it has all demonstrated good result on the pipeline of effective control irrigation system and the bacterium in the hole and conk.
In another aspect of this invention, in said preparation can be packed into packing or the clad material, this material such as those are used to comprise or hold goods or any object that can be attacked by this type of insect of various materials, fruit or vegetables.This packing or clad material can be designed so that essential oil slows down or sustained release to the release that is contained in goods wherein from packing or container between storage or delivery period.This packing or clad material can be for example for bag shape, plastics or paper bag, nylon6 chips, polyester sheet, wrapper, plastics or other airtight containers, be used for paper or the plastic material of craft or mechanical packaging fruits and vegetables, or the like.
Fruits and vegetables is characterised in that high-moisture.For it can maintain the product of usefulness, need water content in a small amount.Therefore, the dehydration of fruits and vegetables has the influence of two aspects: it has reduced the weight of product (1), and it has changed the concentration of the chemotrophy material in fruit or the vegetables thereby reduce its value and (2), increases and the mouthfeel reduction thereby can cause becoming sour.In all situations, this is considered to distributors or consumer's enormous economic loss.Therefore, exist for can forming coating, thereby reduce the needs of preparation of the loss of water evaporates and nutrition at fruit or plant surface.The use of this type of preparation can keep fruit or vegetables storage life and fortune to having significant effect aspect the time in market.
In addition, the fruits and vegetables after the known results is easy to be subjected to the infringement of this quasi-microorganism and insect, and they are because a variety of causes pierces through the epidermis of fruits and vegetables.The fruits and vegetables of discovery after the preparation that the present invention uses in this respect can be used to protect results avoids this type of infringement, and it is by forming the separation layer effect that can drive away microorganism and insect thereon.
Therefore, provide film to form preparation, it can form coating on the fruits and vegetables after the results.Once using the film that forms and be contained in essential oil in the microcapsules, or they prevent and control the infringement that is caused by microorganism and insect independently of one another, and by physical barriers at first is provided, next provides long-term desinsection or anti--microorganism protection.
After using, make the fruits and vegetables that has been covered by said preparation become dry, thereby form physical barrier and preventative barrier.
Comprise encapsulated essential oil with this preparation of using use, this essential oil is carried in the aqueous medium, contains other reagent such as polymer and surfactant at aqueous medium, and its existence is in order to stablize this suspension.
In a preferred embodiment, said preparation also comprises coating reagent, and it can or can not be equal to the polymer of stable suspension, and it can go up the coating that forms protection at spraying substrate (being fruit or vegetables).
Embodiment 16:
Use the high speed shear blender, the 35g TDI solution of sneaking into the 250g tea oil is added in the 500g water that contains 5gPVA.To the water that wherein adds the 120ml that contains 55.6g PEG 4000.At room temperature continue to mix 2 hours.The fungicide (Nefocide) that adds 12g guar gum and 4g to this dispersion liquid.For the hydrogel character of broken this emulsion, add 10g SDS (lauryl sodium sulfate, 1%).
Be designated as the commercial formulation of said preparation test comparison contrast (being untreated) and other HPP by name, Oxyfor, the Shemer on onion, carrot and potato of N262, represent with two groups of parameters: weightless and corrupt, as describing in detail in following table 5 and 6.
Figure A200780013591D00501
Table 5: the results red and purple onions in back " weightlessness " tests (%)
Figure A200780013591D00502
Table 6: the results back corrupt ＂ tests of red and purple onion ＂ (%)
The experiment of also having carried out other is to determine the influence of rotting of preparation N262 to the carrot of storage.This experiment uses the carrot that is grown in Kibbutz Alumim to carry out.Carrot was immersed in the different solution 30 seconds, in 0-1C ° apotheca, stores 1 month, and the shelf shelf life of under 25C °, carrying out other 6-days again.
Handle carrot according to the following step:
Use several groups of carrots:
1. control group-carrot of being untreated (being labeled as C);
2. processed group-carrot is immersed in pathogene: in the suspension of sclerotinite (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), chain lattice spore (Alternaria alternate), A.radicina (being labeled as T);
3. the washing group that is purchased-carrot is immersed in 150ppm chlorine+0.2% different third decide in the solution of (iprodione) (being labeled as Com);
4. the carrot that will handle in 2 groups of processed group II-is washed (being labeled as Com+T) with what be purchased as 3 groups;
5.N262 in the N262 solution of group-carrot is immersed in 2% (being labeled as EO1);
6. processed group III-according to 2 groups of processing, is immersed in carrot in 2% the N262 solution (being labeled as EO1+T) then;
7.N262 group II-is immersed in carrot in 4% the N262 solution (being labeled as EO2);
8. processed group IV-according to 2 groups of processing, is immersed in carrot in 4% the N262 solution (being labeled as EO2+T) then;
9.N262 group III-is immersed in carrot in 6.6% the N262 solution (being labeled as EO3); With
10. processed group V-according to 2 groups of processing, is immersed in carrot in 6.6% the N262 solution (being labeled as EO3+T) then.
The result is presented in the following table 7.Can sum up preparation N262 compares other under 2% concentration processing and reduce the corruption of carrot, and can be used as the substitute (if target is to replace chemicals with the friendly material) that is purchased washing.
Rot-total (%) Rot-mix (%) Rot (%) that causes by bacterium Rot (%) that causes by fungi Handle
4.5 1.4 3.1 0 C
57 0 0 57 T
2.4 2.4 0 0 Com
11.9 2.8 0.3 8.8 Com+T
2.65 0.7 2.0 0 EO1
21.3 2.3 19 0 EO1+T
9.6 5.8 3.8 0 EO2
31.2 1.0 4.2 26 EO2+T
3.3 2.0 1.3 0 EO3
72.3 0.3 0 72 EO3+T
Table 7:N262 is exposed to fungi under pathogene sclerotinite (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), chain lattice spore (Alternaria alternate) and the A.radicina and the rotten result of bacterium to carrot.
Carried out other experiment to determine preparation N262 rotten and other effects of rotting to the anti-Resopous of sweet potato of storage.Use experimentizes from the sweet potato of Agronomia Agriculture Company.Sweet potato is immersed in the several seconds in the different solution, and in 0-4C ° apotheca, stores 1 month.
Handle sweet potato according to the following step: sweet potato is divided into several groups:
1. control group-untreated sweet potato (being labeled as C);
2. processed group-with sweet potato under water (being labeled as W);
3. the processed group I-sweet potato of will be being handled by 0.5% the BotanoCap preparation that is called B262 is according to 2 groups of processing (being labeled as B1); With
4. the processed group II-sweet potato of will be being handled by 3.0% the BotanoCap preparation that is called B262 is according to 2 groups of processing (being labeled as B2); Be purchased preparation according to 3 groups and 4 groups of processing (being labeled as M) with commodity Magnet (Imazalil) by name then.
The result is presented in the following table 8.Can sum up preparation B262 0.5% with 3% concentration under compare other processing reduced the corruption of sweet potato, and can be used as the substitute that is purchased washing of antagonism Resopous, if particularly target is when replacing chemicals with friendly material.
After 1 month, by rot (%) of Resopous and other reasons Handle
16.48 C
17.45 W
10.98 B1
12.33 B2
20.81 M
Table 8: B262 is to the result of rotting of Resopous and the other reasons of sweet potato in apotheca.
The food additives that are used for humans and animals consumption
Background-food industry is used unsaturated fatty acid in various products; this product is suitable for the consumption of following animal: as mouse, rat, milk cow or cattle, horse, sheep, goat; and primate; comprise anthropoid cape, chimpanzee, orangutan, fish, shellfish, Crustaceans, birds (for example chick, cock etc.), people or the animal of raising and train (for example dog and cat).This type of fatty acid can for example be the linoleic acid plus linolenic acid (CLA) of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), DHA (DHA), aracadonoic acid (ARA) and conjugation.These unsaturated fatty acids demonstrate the character that can influence their processing, manufacturing, storage, smell, compatibility and oxidation.
The encapsulated of these fatty acid solves some these problems, and makes them be suitable for directly consuming or being incorporated in the food compositions.Other food ingredients, as vitamin, nutritional supplement, mineral matter, draft goods, food additives, amino acid, or the like, comprise, for example, beta carotene, xanthophyll, luteole (zeazanthin), molysite, mantoquita, selenium salt, flavonoids, Co-Q10, medicinal herbs, spices, flavorant and extract (as allicin or garlic extract) also can be used for encapsulated.
The encapsulated essential oil preparation of content-use is the essential oil based on encapsulated film and GRASS and/or FDA approval.In fact, be contained in all reagent of these microcapsules or comprise their preparation, all nontoxic to humans and animals.This type of preparation has used disclosed fatty acid of its face or alkanoic acid to prepare.In brief, acid is dissolved in the essential oil emulsification in aqueous solution then.Then should acid come crosslinked by being dissolved in polyvalent cation in the aqueous solution such as Ca or Mg or Fe or other polyvalent cations.
More specifically, this method comprises:
(a) at least a alkanoic acid is mixed with at least a essential oil;
(b) mixture with step (a) mixes with alkaline aqueous solution to obtain suspension; With
(c) sneak into the aqueous saline solution that comprises at least a polyvalent cation to the suspension of step (b), thereby obtain the waterborne suspension of the microcapsules of microencapsulated essential oils.
In one embodiment, this method also comprises the step of filtering and collecting wax shape or solid particle.
In another embodiment, this particle does not separate with liquid-carrier, and said preparation uses same as before.
When the solid microcapsules were separated with aqueous medium, it is not encapsulated that a spot of essential oil may keep.In order to obtain not having the microcapsules of oil, adding can absorb the absorbent of excessive oil on a small quantity usually.This absorbent can be selected from, for example, and cellulose, starch powder or Aerosil TMSilica gel (silicas) is as Aerosil TM200 or 300, can be commercially available from Degussa.In some applications, Aerosil TMBe preferred absorbent.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing microcapsule formulation, and this microcapsule formulation comprises a plurality of edible microcapsules, and each has the shell that comprises at least a essential oil nuclear core and surround described nuclear core, and described method comprises:
(a) at least a alkanoic acid is mixed with at least a essential oil;
(b) mixture with step (a) mixes with alkaline aqueous solution to obtain suspension; With
(c) sneak into the aqueous saline solution that comprises at least a polyvalent cation to the suspension of step (b), thereby obtain the waterborne suspension of the microcapsules of microencapsulated essential oils.
In one embodiment, this comprises at least a essential oil nuclear core and also comprises at least a additive, and described additive is preferably food and strengthens additive.
In another embodiment of the invention, (c) is preceding in step, adds additive to said preparation.This additive can be the form of suspension of solid form or liquid form or two or more these type of reagent.Examples of such additives can be selected from active medicine, natural or synthetic antioxidant, food tonic, vitamin, colouring agent, aromatic, oil, fat, spices, non-volatile natural essential oil or other dispersants or emulsifier.In some specific embodiments, this additive can be selected from gamma-Linolenic acid, Citrus oil as orange oil, nutritional supplement such as vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C, with vitamin D, vitamin e, tocotrienols, phytosterol, vitamin K, beta carotene, marine oil and omega-fatty acid, CoQ 10The soluble derivative of the lipid of the antioxidant that polarity is stronger, for example ascorbic acid (ascobyl) fatty acid ester, plant extracts are (for example, rosemary,, Salvia japonica and origanum oil), algae extract, with synthetic antioxidant (for example, BHT, TBHQ, ethoxyquin, alkyl gallates, hydroquinones, tocotrienols).
The instantiation of the oil that can add includes, but not limited to animal oil (for example, fish oil, marine mammal wet goods), vegetable oil (for example, rapeseed oil (canola) or rapeseed oil (rapseed)), mineral oil, its derivative or mixture.
This additive can be oily mater purifying or partially purified such as fatty acid, triglyceride or its ester, or its mixture.
In another embodiment, this additive be at least a carotenoid (for example, lycopene), full abdomen agent (satiety agent), flavor compounds, medicine are (for example, water-insoluble drug), particle, chemistry of pesticide product are (for example, weed killer herbicide, insecticide, fertilizer), or aquatic products industry composition (for example, feed, pigment).
The instantiation of suitable fish oil comprises, but be not limited to Atlantic Ocean fish oil, Pacific Ocean fish oil, Mediterranean fish oil, light (light pressed) fish oil of pressing, the fish oil of alkaline treatment, heat treated fish oil, light and heavy brown (light and heavy brown) fish oil, tunny fish oil, sea bass oil, halibut oil, sailfish oil (spearfishoil), mullet oil, cod oil, herring oil, pilchard oil, long tail anchovy oil, hair scale fish oil, cod fish oil, Atlantic Ocean herring oil, Atlantic Ocean mackerel oil, oceanic herring fish oil, salmon oil, shark wet goods.
In case after oil or aqueousmiscible fluid are converted into solid or wax shape particle, it can be filtered to be recovered in the solid in the suspension, perhaps this suspension just so uses.
When needs are preserved the capsule carburetion before use, can add formulation auxiliary agents to said preparation.They have improved the stability of suspension and the simple and easy degree that uses.This type of formulation auxiliary agents can be selected from, but is not limited to, density balance agent, surfactant, thickener, biocide, dispersant, antifreezing agent, salt with and combination arbitrarily.The said preparation auxiliary agent can add in this capsule carburetion with the concentration of about 30% weight of about 0.01%-of encapsulated oil product.
In order to preserve material; for separating active substances; in order to reduce the toxicity of material; avoid oxidation in order to protect material; in order material to be delivered in the concrete environment and/or in order to control the rate of release of material; can use method of the present invention to be used for liquid is converted into the solid of free-pouring powder or compression, this powder or solid can be used as the parts in making final products.
In another embodiment preferred of the present invention; can use encapsulated solid particle to be used for sending the material of any load described here to the patient; described patient can comprise mammal such as mouse, rat, milk cow or cattle, horse, sheep, goat; (for example comprise anthropoid cape, chimpanzee, orangutan, fish, shellfish, Crustaceans, birds with primate; chick, cock etc.), the animal (for example, dog and cat) of people or domestication.
As preceding disclosed, the alkanoic acid of Shi Yonging is preferably selected from the alkanoic acid that those fusing points are higher than 25 ℃ in the methods of the invention.In addition, the preferred chain length of this alkanoic acid is a 10-45 carbon.
This type of the sour example that is suitable for this application is for being selected from the unsaturated acids of following (but being not limited to): vaccenic acid or 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid and omega-fatty acid.The example of omega-fatty acid comprises, but be not limited to, alpha-linolenic acid (18:3-ω-3), parinaric acid (18:4-ω-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5-ω-3) (EPA), DHA (22:6-ω-3) (DHA), clupanodonic acid (22:5-ω-3) (DPA), eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4-ω-3), 21 carbon 5 alkene acids (21:5-ω-3), clupanodonic acid (22:5-ω-3), comprise its any derivative with and combination arbitrarily.
The possible derivative of omega-fatty acid can comprise ester derivant, side chain or non-side chain C 1-C 30Arrcostab, side chain or non-side chain C 2-C 30Alkenyl ester, or side chain or non-side chain C 3-C 30Cycloalkyl ester such as phytosterin ester and C1-C6 Arrcostab.
This fatty acid can extract from natural source, include but not limited to, aquatile (for example, long tail anchovy, capelin, Atlantic Ocean cod, Atlantic Ocean black carp, Atlantic Ocean mackerel, Atlantic Ocean catfish, salmon, sardine, shark, tuna etc.) and plant is (for example, flax, vegetables etc.) and microorganism (for example, fungi and algae).
Be contained in the concentration of the oil in the preparation, the application in the time oil need being converted into solid can change between 0.01-90%, and is preferably 60% or higher, or during for aqueous formulation such as encapsulated Dalmatian chrysanthemum, in 25% scope.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the encapsulated material that is suitable for animals consuming that obtains is anhydrous, free-pouring powder type.These materials have the high reactivity reagent level that reaches and be consistent, and/or the advantage of outstanding non-oxidizability.The encapsulated material of this use capsule agent preparation of the present invention reaches and keeps the activating agent of relative high-load consistently.This activating agent can exist with the amount based on the about 5-90% of encapsulated material (wt/wt).In another embodiment, described activating agent exists with the amount of about 15-60% (w/w).Need the activating agent of high-load to reduce the cost of preparation final products, because encapsulated reagent is normally very expensive.In addition, some encapsulated reagent can produce disadvantageous or unwanted character to final system, therefore need to reduce the amount of the capsule that uses.
The encapsulated form of some reagent introduce some reagent also provide overcome with medium in reagent insoluble or problem that low-solubility is relevant.Therefore, encapsulated food additives, vitamin for example provides a kind of additive of form, and it can be dissolved in certain concentration or be scattered in the food, and this concentration is uniformly and measurable.
Be important for the activating agent that obtains high-load not only, it also is important keeping its long storage life simultaneously.In order further to increase non-oxidizability, can in oil, add antioxidant and/or reductant.When storing as powder, this encapsulated material is stable, and in case its release bioactive agent when being exposed in the moisture.The encapsulated material that obtains can use in any required level, and its amount depends on the amount of the activating agent that will mix and will be used in wherein product.
In an embodiment of wherein using encapsulated material in food product, this encapsulated material is with the amount use of about 10% weight of about 0.01-of food product, and in another embodiment, it is measured up to about 5% (w/w).
Capsule fortreating AIDS particle of the present invention can use in food.Term ＂ food ＂ is meant and can be consumed any goods of (for example, eat, quote or digest) by acceptor people, animal or fish as used herein.
In one embodiment, capsule fortreating AIDS particle of the present invention can be for food as nutritional supplement.In another embodiment of the invention, this food can be the food that fruit juice, granulated sugar (for example, white or palm fibre), sauce, gravy, syrup, nutrition bar (nutritional bar), beverage, dried beverage powder, jam or jelly, fish product or the pet of baked goods (baked good), pasta, meat products, frozen dairy, milk product, cheese product, egg products, flavouring, powder (soup mix), dessert (snack food), nut goods, plant protein preparation, boiled goods, soft sweets, poultry products, processing are liked.On the other hand, this food is bread, tortilla, cereal preparation, sausage, chicken, ice cream, yogurt, milk, salad dressing, rice bran, fruit juice, dried beverage powder, roll, cooky, biscuit, fruit group or cake.
In another embodiment, capsule fortreating AIDS particle of the present invention can use in pharmaceutical preparation.Pharmaceutical preparation also can comprise other carrier, and thickener, thinner, buffer solution, preservative, surfactant and other component.Pharmaceutical preparation also can comprise one or more other active component, and itself can maybe can not think active medicine such as antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, anaesthetic etc.
In another embodiment of the invention, the capsule fortreating AIDS particle for preparing by any method disclosed herein can use in the personal care product, and this personal care product comprises anhidrotic, deodorant, soap, aromatic and cosmetics; Hair care product, as hair jelly, mousse, shampoo, cream rinse, and hair jelly; Paper product such as diaper, cotton wool, paper handkerchief, cotton paper, toilet paper; Animal care product such as cat muck; With homebrew such as carpet cleaner and air freshener.
The fatty acid that adds in oil (for example, capric acid, or stearic acid or palmitic acid) can be used as surfactant to form the dispersion liquid of oil in aqueous medium.Yet, may need ionic or nonionic surface active agent.This type of surfactant can add during making microcapsules,, and/or adds the gel that is formed by microencapsulation for fragmentation, and the non-gel preparation that obtains flowing after making microcapsules for sizes convenient or the control microcapsules.A kind of preferred surfactants is lauryl sodium sulfate (SDS).It can be preferably adds with the concentration of 0.1-10%, and most preferred concentration is 0.5%-5%.
The limiting examples of other preferred additives, except surfactant, also have stearic isolation polymer (stearic barrier polymer), it helps to keep particle separation, as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly-(ethyoxyl) nonyl phenol.In some cases, it need regulate the pH of the microcapsule formulation of making, for example, and when the solution of the microcapsules of making and the combination of other insecticide.The operable reagent of routine that is used for adjustment of acidity or alkalescence, comprise as, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.The stabilizing agent of other that can add is alginates, xanthans, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt, xanthans, Karya glue and locust bean gum etc.
The PVP that can get has various molecular weight, and its scope is from about 20, and 000-is about 90,000, and all these can use, but preferred about 40, the PVP of 000MW.Poly-(ethyoxyl) nonyl phenol can obtain with trade (brand) name Igepal, and it has various molecular weight, and it depends on the length of oxyethyl chain.Can use poly-(ethyoxyl) nonyl phenol, but preferred Igepal 630, it shows that molecular weight is poly-(ethyoxyl) nonyl phenol of about 630.Other example of surfactant comprises polyether block copolymer, and as Pluronic and Tetronic, the polyoxyethylene adduct of fatty alcohol is as the ester of Brij surfactant and fatty acid, as stearate, oleate etc.The example of this type of fatty acid comprises sorbitan stearate, sorbitan monooleate, Sorbitan sesquioleate etc.The example of the alcohol moiety of fatty ester comprises glycerine, glucosyl group etc.Fatty ester is commercially available as Arlacel C.R surfactant usually.Surfactant changes in nature in the activity on their surface, and this surfactant properties influences the size of formed microcapsules.Under the situation that other condition equates, use 40, the PVP of 000MW can provide the microcapsules bigger than Igepal 630.Employed surfactant, and degree of shaking and scope all influence the size of the microcapsules that obtain.In a word, their size can be about 100 microns of about 1-, and this depends on employed environment.The surfactant of other of formation dispersion liquid and emulsifier also can use, as the ammonium salt of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium or lignin sulfonate.
As previously mentioned, this encapsulated solid particle can reclaim from reactant mixture or at described nonvolatile carrier or comprising in its solution and suspend again.Perhaps, any medium that comprises microcapsules, water-based or nonaqueous, can be processed, and need not from the medium (water) of its manufacturing, come out with at least a nonvolatile carrier initially-separate.Under most situation, described medium is a water.Under the situation of preferable separate, can be by centrifugal or filter to realize the collections of microcapsules, it depends on their size, and with several parts suitable solvent such as distilled water wash, thereby removes free reactant from the surface.
In addition, these particles can disperse or be suspended in the described nonvolatile liquid or solid carrier.In some cases, described nonvolatile carrier is a granular solids, powder for example, and this dispersion preferably prepares by dry microcapsules and the described carrier that mixes effective dose.In some cases, described nonvolatile carrier is a liquid, and this suspension preferably prepares by the microcapsules of mechanical agitation effective dose in described carrier.
Therefore, also provide a kind of method for preparing the edible microcapsules, described method comprises:
(a) at least a alkanoic acid is mixed with at least a essential oil;
(b) mixture with step (a) mixes with alkaline aqueous solution to obtain suspension;
(c) to the suspension of step (b) sneak into the aqueous saline solution that comprises at least a polyvalent cation and
(d) from this aqueous medium, collect described microcapsules, thereby obtained the microcapsules of at least a microencapsulated essential oils.
These microcapsules can be added in the food compositions (meat of crossing as sausage, Salar rice sausage (salamis) and common process, all types of cheese etc.), are become sour or are faded by what microorganism was caused to prevent or to delay.The encapsulated essential oil preparation also can comprise food preservative, and it includes, but not limited to benzoic acid, Sodium Benzoate and calcium propionate, nipagin, aethyl parabenum, nipasol or Butyl Chemosept.
This preservative or food additives microcapsules can comprise the essential oil of 0.01-5% or preferred 0.1% and 1% and 0.1% benzoic acid or p-hydroxybenzoate.This composition can optionally add in the food separately or together.Encapsulated essential oil can be adding under the level that does not influence taste or taste, or if desired when the smell of this essential oil or taste, can add with high level.In some cases, use encapsulated essential oil additive or preservative, thereby make the concentration of its oil, derivative or active component between 0.01% and 1%, and the concentration of benzoic acid or p-hydroxybenzoate is 0.01%-1%.
In one embodiment of the invention, said preparation comprises fennel oil and nipagin, and wherein this fennel oil uses with 0.2% concentration, and this nipagin uses with 0.1% concentration.
Essential oil preparation as food preservative can suppress many microorganisms effectively, as, and be not limited thereto: monocyte Listeria monocytogenes (Listeria monocytogenes); Intestines salmonella (Salmonella enteriditis); Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus Aureus) and anti-vancocin enterococcus spp (Enterococcus).
This essential oil can be selected from those and apply for as the preceding disclosed essential oil antimicrobial and/or fungicide character that has with reference to other.The example of operable this type of essential oil is tea oil, thyme linaloe oil, caryophyllus oil, eucalyptus oil and origanum oil, citronella oil, basil, anise oil and fennel oil.
Embodiment 1:
Capric acid (12gr) is dissolved in the tea oil (100gr).(high speed shear agitator) 250ml that the solution that obtains is added to quick stirring contains the H of PVA (2.5gr) 2In the solution of O.To wherein, add and be dissolved in H 2MgCl among the O (20ml) 2Hexahydrate (22.8gr), and, add guar gum (3gr) thereafter with solution stirring 2 hours, it continues to stir other 2 hours.
When said preparation was added to sausage, it had stoped bacterium and fungi growth.
Embodiment 2:
Repeat embodiment 1, tea oil is replaced with the 125g caryophyllus oil.The solution that obtains is added in white and the yellow cheese during white and yellow cheese manufacturing, effectively control bacterium and conk.
Embodiment 3:
Obtain the encapsulated of cod-liver oil powder according to following step:
Solution A is by preparing in the cod-liver oil that the stearic acid of 25gr. is dissolved in 75gr. under 70-80 ℃.
Solution B adds in the solution A by the solution of NaOH in 30ml water with 3.5gr., stirs simultaneously to prepare in 10 minutes.
Solution C is by the CaCl with 7gr. 22H 2The solution of O in 70ml water adds in the mixture of solution A+B, stirs simultaneously to prepare in 10 minutes.
Reactant mixture is filtered by Bu Shi (Buchner) funnel, and the air drying.Then the 10gr dry products is mixed with 2.5gr Aerosil 200 or 300, with absorb remaining not-the capsule carburetion.Final products contain 60% cod-liver oil as active component.
This encapsulated product has fishlike smell.When whole dissolving and encapsulation step were carried out under nitrogen atmosphere, product no longer included fishlike smell.
Embodiment 4:
The encapsulated oil that in making animal feed, uses according to following preparation:
Solution A prepares by the vegetable oil that the stearic acid of 25gr. is dissolved in 75gr under 60 ℃.
Solution B by 60 ℃ and stir under the NaOH of 3.5gr added in the solution A in the solution of 30ml water prepare.
Solution C by under 60 ℃ with the CaCl of 7gr 22H 2The solution of O in 70ml water adds in the mixture of solution A+B, stirs simultaneously to prepare in 10 minutes.
This reactant mixture is filtered by Buchner funnel, and air drying at room temperature.The 10gr. dry matter is mixed with 2.5gr.Aerosil 200 or 300.Final products contain 60% vegetable oil as active component.
Embodiment 5:
Realize Dalmatian chrysanthemum encapsulated in stearic acid/Ca salt according to following steps:
Solution A prepares by the Dalmatian chrysanthemum that the stearic acid of 15gr. is dissolved in 50gr. under 60 ℃.
Solution B adds in the solution A by the solution of NaOH in 20ml water with 2.1gr., stirs simultaneously to prepare in 10 minutes.
Solution C is by the CaCl with 4.2gr. 22H 2The solution of O in 40ml water adds in the mixture of solution A and B, stirs simultaneously to prepare in 10 minutes.
Solution D is mixed with 10gr.SDS, 0.4gr.Irganox 1076,0.4gr.Tinuvin 770 and 850ml water by the mixture with solution A, B and C and is prepared.Use the high speed shear blender to stir 30 minutes this reactant mixture.Use citric acid with pH regulator to 7.Reactant mixture was stirred 30 minutes again, and add 3.5gr.Rodopol 24 this moment, and stirred 30 minutes.

Claims (94)

1. method for preparing the suspension of microcapsules, each self-contained at least a essential oil of these microcapsules, described method comprises:
(a) at least a alkanoic acid is mixed with at least a essential oil;
(b) mixture with step (a) mixes with alkaline aqueous solution to obtain suspension; With
(c) sneak into the aqueous saline solution that comprises at least a polyvalent cation to the suspension of step (b), thereby obtain comprising the suspension of the microcapsules of described at least a essential oil.
2. at first described at least a alkanoic acid is added in water-immiscible liquid according to the process of claim 1 wherein.
3. according to the method for claim 2, wherein said water-immiscible liquid is essential oil.
4. according to the method for claim 2, wherein said water-immiscible liquid-carrier is selected from alkane, alcohol, ether and ketone.
5. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described polyvalent cation is an inorganic metal cation.
6. according to the method for claim 5, wherein said inorganic metal cation is an II family metal cation.
7. according to the method for claim 5, wherein said inorganic metal cation is the cation that is selected from Ca, Mg, Fe and Al atom.
8. according to the method for claim 7, wherein said atom is Ca.
9. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described polyvalent cation is an organic cation.
10. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the solution of described at least a polyvalent cation is the mixture of at least two kinds of different polyvalent cations.
11. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described alkaline aqueous solution is at least a aqueous solution of sodium or potassium.
12. according to the method for claim 11, at least a aqueous solution of wherein said sodium or potassium is NaOH and/or KOH.
13. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the melting temperature of described alkanoic acid is higher than 25 ℃.
14. according to the method for claim 13, wherein said alkanoic acid is selected from the aliphatic acid of the carbochain with 10-45 carbon atom.
15. method according to claim 14, wherein said alkanoic acid is selected from capric acid, dodecylic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoid acid, arachic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, vaccenic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid and omega-fatty acid.
16. method according to claim 15, wherein said omega-fatty acid is selected from alpha-linolenic acid (18:3-ω-3), parinaric acid (18:4-ω-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5-ω-3), DHA (22:6-ω-3), clupanodonic acid (22:5-ω-3), eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4-ω-3), 21 carbon 5 alkene acids (21:5-ω-3), clupanodonic acid (22:5-ω-3), and arbitrary derivative.
17. according to the method for claim 16, wherein said omega-fatty acid is the mixture of two or more omega-fatty acids.
18. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described essential oil is selected from peppermint oil, caryophyllus oil, eucalyptus oil, lavender oil, the fennel essential oil, angelica essential oil, the iris essential oil, Fructus Foeniculi quintessence oil, the orange essential oil, Cananga odorata quintessence oil, the wormwood artemisia essential oil, the cardamom essential oil, the guaiaci lignum essential oil, the cumin essential oil, root of three-nerved spicebush essential oil, cinnamon essential oil, the spiceleaf essential oil, the copaiba balsam essential oil, the coriander essential oil, the perilla seed essential oil, Cypress ethereal oil, the lemongrass essential oil, refined jasmine oil, palmarosa Sofia essential oil, the cdear essential oil, spearmint essential oil, western peppermint essential oil, the Chinese anise essential oil, the tuberose essential oil, clove oil, the flores aurantii essential oil, the Chinese ilex essential oil, the tolu balsam essential oil, Herba Pogostemonis essential oil, Rosa Damascana, the palmarosa essential oil, the Japanese cypress essential oil, the Hiba essential oil, the sandalwood essential oil, the orange leaf essential oil, the basyleave essential oil, the vetiver essential oil, the bergamot essential oil, the peru balsam essential oil, the rose wood essential oil, virtue camphor essential oil, the orange essential oil, the eucalyptus essential oil, the limette essential oil, the lavender essential oil, the agalloch eaglewood essential oil, the lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil, lemon, Rosemary Oil and cornmint essential oil.
19. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described essential oil is the aromatic plant essential oil.
20. according to the method for claim 19, wherein said essential oil is selected from citronella oil, geranium oil, tea oil, lavender oil, carnation oil, eucalyptus oil, thyme linaloe oil and origanum oil.
21. according to the method for claim 1, it also comprises the step of adding at least a absorbent.
22. according to the method for claim 21, wherein said at least a absorbent is selected from cellulose, starch powder and Aerosil silica.
23. according to the method for claim 1, it also comprises the step of adding at least a ionic or nonionic surface active agent.
24. according to the method for claim 1, it also comprises and adds at least a step that is selected from following additive: active medicine, natural or synthetic antioxidant, food tonic, vitamin, colouring agent, aromatic, oils, fat, spices, non-volatile natural essential oil, dispersant and emulsifier.
25. according to the method for claim 24, wherein said additive is selected from gamma-Linolenic acid, Citrus oil, nutritional supplement, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin e, tocotrienols, phytosterol, vitamin K, beta carotene, marine oil, omega-fatty acid, CoQ 10, the polarity antioxidant fat-soluble derivant, plant extracts, algae extract, formulation auxiliary agents and synthetic or natural antioxidant.
26. according to the method for claim 25, wherein said formulation auxiliary agents is selected from density balance agent, surfactant, thickener, biocide, dispersant, antifreezing agent and salt.
27. essential oil preparation according to the microencapsulation of each method preparation among the claim 1-26.
28. microcapsules, it has the amphipathic shell that surrounds the nuclear core that contains at least a essential oil, the multivalent salts form that wherein said amphipathic shell is at least a alkanoic acid.
29. microcapsules have the nuclear core that comprises at least a essential oil, described microcapsules prepare according to following method, and this method comprises:
(a) at least a alkanoic acid is mixed with at least a essential oil;
(b) mixture with step (a) mixes with alkaline aqueous solution to obtain suspension;
(c) sneak into the aqueous saline solution that comprises at least a polyvalent cation to the suspension of step (b); With
(d) from this aqueous medium, collect described microcapsules, thereby obtained the microcapsules of at least a microencapsulated essential oils.
30. the essential oil preparation of microencapsulation, it comprises a plurality of microcapsules according to claim 29, and wherein said nuclear core is surrounded by amphipathic shell basically.
31. according to the preparation of claim 30, wherein said amphipathic shell is made of at least a amphiphile, described amphiphile is an alkanoic acid.
32. according to the preparation of claim 30, it also comprises carrier.
33. according to the preparation of claim 32, wherein said carrier is a liquid or solid.
34. according to the preparation of claim 33, wherein said liquid or solid carrier is nonvolatile.
35. according to the preparation of claim 30, it also comprises the isolation layer forming agent.
36. according to each preparation among claim 27 or the 30-35, it is a pharmaceutical preparation.
37. according to each preparation among claim 27 or the 30-35, it is an antimicrobial.
38. according to the preparation of claim 37, wherein said pharmaceutical preparation is an anti-microbial agents.
39. according to each preparation among claim 27 or the 30-35, it is a preservative.
40. according to each preparation among claim 27 or the 30-35, it is pest repellant or insecticidal preparation.
41. according to each preparation among claim 27 or the 30-35, the food additives preparation that its behaviour and/or animal are used.
42. anti-microbial agents, it comprises the essential oil of microencapsulation, and wherein said preparation prepares by following method, and described method comprises:
(a) at least a alkanoic acid is mixed with at least a essential oil;
(b) mixture with step (a) mixes with alkaline aqueous solution to obtain suspension; With
(c) sneak into the aqueous saline solution that comprises at least a polyvalent cation to the suspension of step (b), thereby obtain the microcapsule suspensions of microencapsulated essential oils.
43. according to the preparation of claim 42, wherein said essential oil is selected from peppermint oil, caryophyllus oil, eucalyptus oil and lavender oil; The fennel essential oil, angelica essential oil, the iris essential oil, Fructus Foeniculi quintessence oil, the orange essential oil, Cananga odorata quintessence oil, the wormwood artemisia essential oil, the cardamom essential oil, the guaiaci lignum essential oil, the cumin essential oil, root of three-nerved spicebush essential oil, cinnamon essential oil, the spiceleaf essential oil, the copaiba balsam essential oil, the coriander essential oil, the perilla seed essential oil, Cypress ethereal oil, the lemongrass essential oil, refined jasmine oil, palmarosa Sofia essential oil, the cdear essential oil, spearmint essential oil, western peppermint essential oil, the Chinese anise essential oil, the tuberose essential oil, clove oil, the flores aurantii essential oil, the Chinese ilex essential oil, the tolu balsam essential oil, Herba Pogostemonis essential oil, Rosa Damascana, the palmarosa essential oil, the Japanese cypress essential oil, the Hiba essential oil, the sandalwood essential oil, the orange leaf essential oil, the basyleave essential oil, the vetiver essential oil, the bergamot essential oil, the peru balsam essential oil, the rose wood essential oil, virtue camphor essential oil, the orange essential oil, the eucalyptus essential oil, the limette essential oil, the lavender essential oil, the agalloch eaglewood essential oil, the lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil, lemon, Rosemary Oil and cornmint essential oil.
44. according to the preparation of claim 43, wherein said essential oil is selected from tea oil, origanum oil, basil, rosemary oil, eucalyptus oil and thyme linaloe oil.
45. according to the preparation of claim 42, it is used for the treatment of, prevents or controls at least a following pathogene that is selected from: Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus CNS, streptococcus dysgalactiae, the concealed bacillus of suppuration and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
46. according to the preparation of claim 42, it is used for the treatment of or prevents mastitis.
47. according to the preparation of claim 46, its be used for the treatment of or the animal and human that prevents giving milk in mastitis.
48. one kind in the method for regulation and control mastitis in dairy animal just, described method is included on the nipple of described animal and uses antimicrobial essential oil preparation, and wherein said preparation is optional can to form separation layer, thereby prevents that basically microorganism from entering breast.
49. one kind in the method that just reduces microbial population on dairy animal teat, described method is included on the nipple of described animal and uses antimicrobial essential oil preparation, and wherein said preparation is optional can to form antimicrobial separation layer.
50. according to the method for claim 48 or 49, wherein said antimicrobial essential oil preparation comprises the essential oil microcapsules of a plurality of microencapsulations by interfacial polymerization preparation.
51. according to the method for claim 48 or 49, wherein said antimicrobial essential oil preparation comprises a plurality of by the essential oil microcapsules according to the microencapsulation of the method for claim 1 preparation.
52., wherein saidly just be selected from ox, goat, camel, alpaca and people in dairy animal according to each method among the claim 48-51.
53. according to each method among the claim 48-51, wherein said antimicrobial essential oil preparation also comprises not-encapsulated isolation layer forming agent.
54. according to the method for claim 53, wherein said isolation layer forming agent is the high boiling point carrier.
55. according to the method for claim 54, wherein said high boiling point carrier is an essential oil.
56. according to the method for claim 54, wherein said carrier is not an essential oil.
57. according to each method among the claim 48-56, wherein said antimicrobial essential oil preparation also comprises at least a monomer, its under drying or in the presence of initator polymerization to form spacer.
58. according to each method among the claim 48-51, wherein said antimicrobial essential oil preparation also comprises at least a mastitis-resisting medicine.
59. according to the method for claim 58, wherein said mastitis-resisting medicine is selected from stable chlorine, chlorine-releasing compound, oxidant, protonated carboxylic acid, acid anion, quaternary ammonium salt and iodine.
60. according to the preparation of claim 47, it is suitable for being applied on the nipple of animal by spraying, dab, swab or bubbling.
61. according to the preparation of claim 60, during it is used in and gives milk.
62. according to the preparation of claim 40, it is used for reducing at the non-agricultural environment of handling the population of insect.
63. according to the preparation of claim 62, wherein said insect is selected from the insect that can cause worry or injury to the animal or human.
64. according to the preparation of claim 63, wherein said insect is selected from mosquito, lice class, fly, ant and cockroach.
65. according to the preparation of claim 62, wherein said non-agricultural environment is selected from livestock breeding, nursery, flower stand, fishing ground, aquatic products industry, room and other human habitation, office, interior of building, flower garden, school, nursery, public entertainment zone, sports ground, means of transportation, subway station, departure hall, ship, yacht, automobile, bus and train.
66. according to the preparation of claim 40, it is suitable for being applied directly on animal or human's the skin.
67. drive away or eliminate the method that can cause the insect population of worry or injury for one kind to the animal or human, described method comprises to non-agricultural environment or the insect population in described environment uses the preparation that comprises at least a encapsulated volatile essential oil and nonvolatile carrier, carries described at least a volatile essential oil in described nonvolatile vehicle.
68. according to the method for claim 67, the described preparation that wherein comprises at least a encapsulated volatile essential oil is to prepare according to each method among the claim 1-26.
69. according to the method for claim 67, wherein said encapsulated volatile essential oil prepares by interfacial polymerization.
70. according to the method for claim 67, wherein said nonvolatile carrier is selected from nonvolatile essential oil, nonvolatile vegetable oil or its any combination.
71. according to the method for claim 67, wherein said essential oil is selected from peppermint oil, caryophyllus oil, eucalyptus oil and lavender oil; The fennel essential oil, angelica essential oil, the iris essential oil, Fructus Foeniculi quintessence oil, the orange essential oil, Cananga odorata quintessence oil, the wormwood artemisia essential oil, the cardamom essential oil, the guaiaci lignum essential oil, the cumin essential oil, root of three-nerved spicebush essential oil, cinnamon essential oil, the spiceleaf essential oil, the copaiba balsam essential oil, the coriander essential oil, the perilla seed essential oil, Cypress ethereal oil, the lemongrass essential oil, refined jasmine oil, palmarosa Sofia essential oil, the cdear essential oil, spearmint essential oil, western peppermint essential oil, the Chinese anise essential oil, the tuberose essential oil, clove oil, the flores aurantii essential oil, the Chinese ilex essential oil, the tolu balsam essential oil, Herba Pogostemonis essential oil, Rosa Damascana, the palmarosa essential oil, the Japanese cypress essential oil, the Hiba essential oil, the sandalwood essential oil, the orange leaf essential oil, the basyleave essential oil, the vetiver essential oil, the bergamot essential oil, the peru balsam essential oil, the rose wood essential oil, virtue camphor essential oil, the orange essential oil, the eucalyptus essential oil, the limette essential oil, the lavender essential oil, the agalloch eaglewood essential oil, the lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil, lemon, Rosemary Oil and cornmint essential oil.
72. a method of controlling insect population, described method comprise to targeted environment or to described insect population or to its site, use the essential oil preparation of microencapsulation.
73. according to the method for claim 72, the essential oil preparation of wherein said microencapsulation comprises the microcapsules of each method preparation among a plurality of claim 1-26.
74. according to the method for claim 72, the essential oil preparation of wherein said microencapsulation comprises a plurality of microcapsules by the interfacial polymerization preparation.
75. according to the method for claim 72, wherein said environment is selected from room, work office, interior of building, flower garden, school, nursery, public entertainment zone, sports ground, traffic and transport field such as subway station, departure hall, ship, yacht, automobile, bus, train, floor, wall, ceiling, furniture, net, screen, lawn and the reservoir in the house.
76. according to the method for claim 75, wherein said reservoir is selected from water system, cooling system, swimming pool, natural and artificial reservoir, fishing ground, water tank and crawl.
77. a method of controlling insect population, described method comprises:
-to target use the microcapsule formulation that comprises at least a volatile essential oil and
-use second kind of preparation that comprises non-volatile agent to targeted environment.
78. according to the method for claim 77, wherein said preparation is according to each preparation among the claim 1-26.
79. according to the method for claim 77, wherein said preparation prepares by interfacial polymerization.
80. according to the preparation of claim 41, it also comprises at least a following oil that is selected from: animal oil, vegetable oil, mineral oil, its derivative or its mixture.
81. 0 preparation according to Claim 8, wherein said animal oil is fish oil or marine mammal oil.
82. 1 preparation according to Claim 8, wherein said fish oil are selected from Atlantic Ocean fish oil, Pacific Ocean fish oil, Mediterranean fish oil, light fish oil of pressing, the fish oil of alkaline treatment, heat treated fish oil, light and heavy brown fish oil, tunny fish oil, sea bass oil, halibut oil, sailfish oil, mullet oil, cod oil, herring oil, pilchard oil, long tail anchovy oil, hair scale fish oil, cod fish oil, Atlantic Ocean herring oil, Atlantic Ocean mackerel oil, oceanic herring fish oil, salmon oil and shark oil.
83. 0 preparation according to Claim 8, it also comprises at least a following reagent that is selected from: carotenoid, full abdomen agent, flavor compounds and medicine.
84. according to the preparation of claim 41, wherein said animal is selected from mouse, rat, ox, horse, sheep, goat, anthropoid cape, chimpanzee, orangutan, fish, shellfish, Crustaceans, birds, chick, cock, dog and cat.
85. according to the preparation of claim 41, it uses in food.
86. 5 preparation according to Claim 8, wherein said food are selected from the food that fruit juice, granulated sugar, sauce, gravy, syrup, nutrition bar, beverage, dried beverage powder, jam or jelly, fish product and the pet of baked goods, pasta, meat products, frozen dairy, milk product, cheese product, egg products, flavouring, powder, dessert, nut goods, plant protein preparation, boiled goods, soft sweets, poultry products, processing are liked.
87. 6 preparation according to Claim 8, wherein said food are selected from bread, tortilla, cereal preparation, sausage, ice cream, yogurt, milk, salad dressing, rice bran, fruit juice, dried beverage powder, roll, cooky, biscuit, fruit group or cake.
88. a method of preventing or delaying to be become sour or faded by the food that microorganism is caused, described method is included in the preparation that adds in the food according to claim 41.
Add the preparation that comprises a plurality of microencapsulated essential oils in the food 89. a method of preventing or delaying to be become sour or faded by the food that microorganism is caused, described method are included in, described preparation prepares by interfacial polymerization.
90. 8 or 89 method is according to Claim 8 wherein saidly become sour or is faded and to be selected from following microorganism relevant for one or more: monocyte Listeria monocytogenes; The intestines salmonella; Staphylococcus aureus and anti-vancocin enterococcus spp.
91. a method for preparing the edible microcapsules, described method comprises:
(a) at least a alkanoic acid is mixed with at least a essential oil;
(b) mixture with step (a) mixes with alkaline aqueous solution to obtain suspension;
(c) to the suspension of step (b) sneak into the aqueous saline solution that comprises at least a polyvalent cation and
(d) from this aqueous medium, collect described microcapsules, thereby obtained the microcapsules of at least a microencapsulated essential oils.
92. a method for preparing the microcapsule formulation that comprises a plurality of microcapsules according to claim 91 preparation, described method comprises:
(a) obtain a plurality of microcapsules; With
(b) described microcapsules are added in the required liquid or solid medium, thereby obtain the preparation of a plurality of microcapsules.
93. according to the method for claim 92, it also comprises the step of adding at least a additive.
94. a method for preparing the microcapsule formulation that comprises a plurality of microcapsules, these microcapsules have nuclear core that comprises at least a essential oil and the outside shell that surrounds described nuclear core separately, described method comprises:
(a) at least a alkanoic acid is mixed with at least a essential oil;
(b) mixture with step (a) mixes with alkaline aqueous solution to obtain suspension; With
(c) sneak into the aqueous saline solution that comprises at least a polyvalent cation to the suspension of step (b), thereby obtain the waterborne suspension of the microcapsules of microencapsulated essential oils.
CN200780013591.4A 2006-02-15 2007-02-15 The application of microencapsulated essential oils Expired - Fee Related CN101420848B (en)

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