CN101362239A - Automatic disassembling device of circuit board device - Google Patents
Automatic disassembling device of circuit board device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101362239A CN101362239A CNA2008100703213A CN200810070321A CN101362239A CN 101362239 A CN101362239 A CN 101362239A CN A2008100703213 A CNA2008100703213 A CN A2008100703213A CN 200810070321 A CN200810070321 A CN 200810070321A CN 101362239 A CN101362239 A CN 101362239A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- circuit board
- fusion welding
- heating furnace
- incubator
- support frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic disassemble device of a circuit board components. A melting solder furnace, a steel wire rolling brush, a turnover transfer mechanism, a vibratory shock device and a device used for leading the welding surface of a circuit board to contact with the melting solder in the melting solder furnace and the like are arranged in an incubator. Two double-chain conveyors which are respectively driven by different motors are respectively positioned at the front and the rear of the turnover transfer mechanism; and the rear ends of the corresponding melting solder furnace and the vibratory shock device are respectively provided with a position-triggering sensor. The automatic disassemble device also includes an device which is independent, has displace elasticity and is used for clamping the fixed circuit board; the device used for clamping the fixed circuit board is provided with a slot and is positioned on the chain of the double-chain conveyor. The device can not only remain the completeness of usable components in the disassembling process, but also can guarantee that the circuit board has better disassembling efficiency, and also can effectively prevent the disassembling process of the circuit from causing pollution to human bodies and environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electronic product disassembling apparatus, particularly a kind of at waste and old or assemble the automatic disassembling apparatus of underproof circuit board element.
Background technology
The develop rapidly and the electric equipment products of electronic apparatus industry constantly update, and cause producing a large amount of electronic wastes.The electronic waste that increases has brought huge pressure for environment and society day by day fast.Contain a large amount of circuit boards in the electronic waste.Contain various poisonous and harmful substances, precious metal on the waste and old circuit board in many components and parts, carry out being necessary these components and parts are disassembled separation before the resource recovery broken pulverizing of waste and old circuit board; And circuit board can produce many substandard products in the production assembling process, in order to reduce production costs and maintenance cost, also needs original components and parts are still disassembled to get off to reuse.Therefore, realizing that disassembling of circuit board is that the electronic waste resource needs the at first difficult point problem of solution, is the requisite link of resource process.Although the assembling of circuit board and assembling process have realized very high automation, its industrialized process of disassembling is in the very low state hand-manipulated of technology content always yet up to the present.In China, the components and parts of disassembling on the waste and old circuit board are main now dismounting means by hand.This dismounting mode is inefficiency not only, and labour intensity is big, and human body and environment are not had the corresponding protection control measure yet.
Components and parts on the circuit board roughly can be divided into placing components and surface patch components and parts.The pin of placing components passes the jack on the circuit board substrate, utilizes scolder to be connected with the circuit of substrate institute cloth at the back side of circuit board substrate; The pin of paster components and parts or metallization terminal all directly are connected by scolder with the pad of substrate institute cloth circuit.
The arrangement form of components and parts is installed as the master with single face usually on the circuit board, promptly in the one side of circuit board substrate above-mentioned two class components and parts is installed.The circuit board that also has adopts two-sided installation, promptly on the basis that single face is installed, at the another side of circuit board components and parts are installed also, but these components and parts of simultaneously installing is usually based on the surface patch components and parts.
For a change, occurred some at present both at home and abroad and adopted machinery to disassemble the Apparatus and method for of components and parts from waste and old circuit board in the past fully by the manual situation of disassembling components and parts on the circuit board.As day presents JP2004022607A, JP3444557-B2, JP3460480-B2, Germany file DE4241412A1, China file CN1125582C, disclosed technology such as CN1832663A, these methods have been introduced the circuit board that components and parts will be installed and have been immersed in a kind of liquid heat-conducting medium and heat, make solder fusing, by vibration components and parts are come off from circuit board again, the liquid heat-conducting medium that is adopted is generally the oils heat-conducting medium, circuit board immerses in the oils heat-conducting medium fully, except that the scolder of weld is melted, therefore many components and parts on the circuit board also can be damaged, and can not use again.And the scolder after the fusing accumulates in the oil sump, is unfavorable for the cleaning of oil sump.Disclose a kind of paster components and parts to be disassembled on the inert fluid heater circuit plate that adopt as day presents JP2000315859A, circuit board has been heated, made the solder fusing of weld, components and parts can easily be come off from circuit board by inert fluid.But above-mentioned employing circuit board immerses heating means melting solder in a kind of liquid heat-conducting medium, with employing inert fluid heater circuit plate method melting solder, all exist these liquid to stick to the components and parts surface, be not easy to clean and get rid of, cause components and parts not use again.And for example Chinese file CN101112728A discloses a kind of method of disassembling components and parts on the circuit board, this method is as heat medium with fusion welding, adopt the solder pump jet flow that is provided with in the solder bath to form solder wave, make fusion welding soak into the pad of circuit board solder side, allow the solder fusing of pad; Perhaps adopt can lifting solder bath, make the scolder of heat fused in the solder bath by rising, soak into the pad of circuit board solder side, make the solder fusing of pad; By the high temperature and high pressure gas injection apparatus that is provided with the circuit board solder side is sprayed then, utilize the impulsive force of high temperature and high pressure gas that scolder is separated with circuit board, components and parts,, components and parts are separated from circuit board come off then with circuit board upset vibration.This method must be provided with the high temperature and high pressure gas injection apparatus, utilize high temperature and high pressure gas impulsive force percussion welding contact fusing scolder and stick to fusion welding on the circuit board, this just needs the device that makes gas produce high temperature and high pressure is set, and increases equipment cost thus; And carry the operating noise of air pressure pump of high pressure gas very big to the pollution of environment for the high temperature and high pressure gas injection apparatus, staff's healthy meeting is caused bigger harm.China file CN1832663A discloses the device that utilizes liquid heat-conducting medium sealing-off discrete device, and this device is provided with the turning arm that can rotate, have three fixed positions in perpendicular, adopts articulated manner to be bearing on the fixed support.Circuit board during this device can not transmit motion is disassembled, and can't realize automatic/semi-automatic disassembling, and operating personnel's working strength is bigger, is not easy to realize the protection of health and improves employment security.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is deficiency, a kind of automatic disassembling apparatus of circuit board element is provided at the prior art existence.It can keep the integrity of available components and parts in disassembling process, can guarantee again that circuit board has to disassemble efficient preferably, can also prevent effectively that circuit board from disassembling the pollution that process causes human body and environment.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: described automatic disassembling apparatus comprises the incubator that is provided with import and outlet, the chain conveyer, and be located at fusion welding heating furnace in the incubator, be provided with the steel wire round brush in the described incubator, turning transmitting mechanism, the vibratory impulse device, the device that is used for making the solder side of circuit board to contact with the fusion welding of fusion welding heating furnace, the fusion welding heating furnace is positioned at by incubator import one side, the device that is used for making the solder side of circuit board to contact with the fusion welding of fusion welding heating furnace is arranged on and the vertical corresponding position of fusion welding heating furnace, the vibratory impulse device is positioned at by incubator outlet one side, set gradually the steel wire round brush in proper order by front and back between fusion welding heating furnace and the vibratory impulse device, turning transmitting mechanism, described chain conveyer is set to two respectively by different motor-driven double-stranded conveyers, two double-stranded conveyers are the boundary with the turning transmitting mechanism, lay respectively at turning transmitting mechanism before, after, the chain of the double-stranded conveyer that one of them is used to import enters from the import of incubator, approach fusion welding heating furnace, the steel wire round brush, before turning transmitting mechanism, turn round, get back to outside the import of incubator, the chain of the double-stranded conveyer that another is used to export enters from the incubator outlet, behind turning transmitting mechanism, turn round, get back to outside the outlet of incubator behind the approach vibratory impulse device, at corresponding fusion welding heating furnace, the position of vibratory impulse device rear end is respectively equipped with the location triggered induction installation, described automatic disassembling apparatus also comprises independently having the flexible device that is used to grip circuit board of displacement, have the flexible device that is used to grip circuit board of displacement and be placed on the chain of double-stranded conveyer, this device that is used to grip circuit board is provided with and is used for the slot that cooperates with turning transmitting mechanism.
The present invention is owing to adopted such scheme to have the following advantages:
1. the steel wire round brush is set between fusion welding heating furnace and turning transmitting mechanism, the solder side that makes circuit board is when the scolder of fusion welding heating furnace heat fused wire-diameter steel round brush in transit, can under the rolling of steel wire round brush, be fallen by brush, removing scolder with employing high temperature and high pressure gas injection apparatus compares, its removing noise to scolder is little, can not cause the pollution to environment again.
2. described chain conveyer is set to two respectively by different motor-driven double-stranded conveyers, two double-stranded conveyers are the boundary with the turning transmitting mechanism, lay respectively at the forward and backward of turning transmitting mechanism, conveying transmission is between the two finished by turning transmitting mechanism, form the indirect communication mode, make the work of conveyer chain front and back operation can not form mutual interference effect like this, help two double-stranded conveyers are controlled respectively, reasonably arrange the heat time heating time of circuit board solder side and the vibratory impulse time of disengaging components and parts.
3. two of described turning transmitting mechanism flip-arms spacing as required, help that two flip-arms can be inserted exactly and be used to gripping the slot on the device of circuit board, the device that will be used to grip circuit board be delivered to after the double-stranded transfer device upset the preceding after double-stranded transfer device, for the impact shock operation is prepared.
4. described automatic disassembling apparatus comprises independently having the flexible device that is used to grip circuit board of displacement, this is placed on double-stranded conveyer after having the flexible device clamping circuit board that is used to grip circuit board of displacement, can either be arranged on device that solder side that being used for above the fusion welding heating furnace make circuit board contacts with the fusion welding of fusion welding heating furnace by depressing, the scolder of the fusing in the solder side that makes circuit board and the fusion welding heating furnace contacts, make the solder fusing of pad by the fusion welding heat transfer, can under the impact of vibratory impulse device, form up-down vibration again, components and parts are come off from circuit board.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of example structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural scheme of mechanism that is used to grip the device of circuit board of the present invention;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 3 cooperates with the device that is used to grip circuit board for pressing mechanism of the present invention;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 4 cooperates with the device that is used to grip circuit board for vibratory impulse device of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of turning transmitting mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the another embodiment of the present invention schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is a kind of embodiment schematic diagram of elevating mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the another kind of embodiment schematic diagram of elevating mechanism of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawing, 1 is incubator, and 1a is import, 1b is outlet, and 2 is the fusion welding heating furnace, and 3a is the first double-stranded conveyer, 3b is the second double-stranded conveyer, and 4 for being used to grip the device of circuit board, and 5 is heating tube, 6 is fan, and 7 is circuit board, and 8 is cam, the 8a camshaft, 9 are the compression spring, 10 is pressing mechanism, 10a is a pressing plate, and 10b is a pressing lever, 11a, 11b is the location triggered induction installation, 12 is the steel wire round brush, and 13 is that first scolder connects dish, and 14 is turning transmitting mechanism, 14a is rotating shaft, and 14b is a flip-arm, and 14c is a chute, 15 are the compression spring, and 16 is cam, and 17 is the vibratory impulse device, 18 are components and parts collection guipure, and 19 is that second scolder connects dish, and 20 is elevating mechanism, 21 is support platform, and 22 is thermal insulation board, and 23 is linear electric motors, 24 is leading screw, and 25 is reduction box, and 26 is clockwise and anticlockwise motor, 27 is the connecting rod link elevating mechanism, and 30 is support, and 31 is spacer pin, 32 is holding screw, 34 is shaft coupling, and 35 is stepper motor, and 41 is upper support frame, 42 is the lower support frame, 43 is guide post, and 44 are the compression spring, and 45 is slot, 46 is holding frame, 46a is a draw-in groove, and 47 is axle sleeve, and 48 for impacting guide rod, 49 is supporting rod, and 50 is crawl arm.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, the automatic disassembling apparatus of the circuit board element of present embodiment comprises the incubator 1 that is provided with import 1a and outlet 1b, the inwall of described incubator 1 is provided with some heating tubes 5 and is used to the incubator heat tracing, and the interior top of incubator 1 is provided with several fans 6 and is used to regulate the interior heat of equalizing box; Also be provided with fusion welding heating furnace 2 in the described incubator 1, steel wire round brush 12, turning transmitting mechanism 14, vibratory impulse device 17, the device that is used for making the solder side of circuit board to contact with the fusion welding of fusion welding heating furnace, and first scolder connects, and dish 13, second scolder connects dish 19, components and parts are collected guipure 18.Fusion welding heating furnace 2 is positioned at one side by incubator import 1a, is fixed by bolts to (not shown) on the supporting base that is provided with in the incubator.The device that solder side that is used for making circuit board contacts with the fusion welding of fusion welding heating furnace is arranged on fusion welding heating furnace 2 tops, vertical corresponding with fusion welding heating furnace 2, this device that is used for making the solder side of circuit board to contact with the fusion welding of fusion welding heating furnace is the pressing mechanism 10 that is arranged on fusion welding heating furnace 2 tops.Described pressing mechanism 10 comprises cam 8, is connected with the pressing lever 10b of pressing plate 10a, compresses spring 9, the upper end of pressing lever 10b is stretched out the incubator top and is contacted with cam 8, compression spring 9 is enclosed within the external part of pressing lever 10b, compression spring 9 upper ends are spacing with the nut that is assemblied on the pressing lever, the lower end is limited in incubator, pressing plate 10a is connected pressing lever 10b lower end by screw thread, welding or conventional connected mode such as hinged, be used for contacting with having the flexible device 4 that is used to grip circuit board of displacement, cam 8 is connected with drive motors by camshaft 8a.Described vibratory impulse device 17 is positioned at one side by incubator outlet 1b, screw thread is passed through in the axostylus axostyle lower end of vibratory impulse device 17, welding or conventional connected mode such as hinged connect shock plate 17a surely, it is spacing with nut that incubator 1 top is stretched out in the axostylus axostyle upper end, the middle part of axostylus axostyle is provided with limited step, one compression spring 15 is enclosed within on the axostylus axostyle, the upper end of spring 15 is limited in incubator 1 top, the lower end is limited in limited step, the axostylus axostyle of limited step below is provided with a finger, one by motor-driven cam 16 by stirring finger vibratory impulse device 17 moved upward and make spring 15 compressions, vibratory impulse device 17 forms ballistic motion downwards after breaking away from the control of cams 16.Set gradually steel wire round brush 12, turning transmitting mechanism 14 in proper order by front and back between described fusion welding heating furnace 2 and the vibratory impulse device 17.Steel wire round brush 12 is positioned at the top that first scolder connects dish 13 near fusion welding heating furnace 2 rear ends.Radially implant on the axle of described steel wire round brush 12 4～8 groups of steel wires are arranged, every group of 2-10 row, gauge of wire Φ 0.08～0.2mm, length 15～the 40mm on steel wire projecting shaft surface, the axle of steel wire round brush 12 is rotated by motor-driven, the rotating speed of round brush is 200-1000 rev/min, to guarantee the good scolder effect of removing.Described turning transmitting mechanism 14 comprises rotating shaft 14a, flip-arm 14b, support 30, rotating shaft 14a is provided with a chute 14c vertically, two flip-arm 14b are axially vertical with rotating shaft 14a, the end of flip-arm 14b is enclosed within on the rotating shaft 14a, cooperate with chute 14c by feather key and circumferentially to be positioned in the rotating shaft, and locate with the axle of rotating shaft 14a by holding screw 32 formation radially, the two end supports of rotating shaft 14a is on support 30, and it is spacing with spacer pin 31, the end of rotating shaft 14a is connected with drive unit by shaft coupling 34, described drive unit adopts stepper motor 35, perhaps adopts manual rocking handle also can realize upset.This automatic disassembling apparatus also comprises the chain conveyer, described chain conveyer is set to two respectively by different motor-driven double-stranded conveyers, two double-stranded conveyers are the boundary with turning transmitting mechanism 14, lay respectively at turning transmitting mechanism 14 before, after, the chain of the first double-stranded conveyer 3a that one of them is used to import enters from the import 1a of incubator, approach fusion welding heating furnace 2, steel wire round brush 12, revolution before turning transmitting mechanism 14, get back to outside the import of incubator, the chain of the second double-stranded conveyer 3b that another is used to export enters from incubator outlet 1b, in turning transmitting mechanism 14 back revolutions, get back to outside the outlet of incubator behind the approach vibratory impulse device 17.The below of the second double-stranded conveyer 3b is provided with second scolder and connects dish 19, and this scolder connects dish 19 corresponding vibratory impulse device 17, the second scolders and connects between dish 19 and the vibratory impulse device 17 components and parts collections guipure 18 is set.Position in corresponding fusion welding heating furnace 2, vibratory impulse device 17 rear ends respectively is respectively equipped with location triggered induction installation 11a, 11b, the location triggered induction installation 11a that is positioned at fusion welding heating furnace 2 rear ends is used to control the position to circuit board 7 heat fused scolders, and the location triggered induction installation 11b that is positioned at vibratory impulse device 17 rear ends is used to control the position of vibratory impulse circuit board 7.Described automatic disassembling apparatus also comprises independently having the flexible device 4 that is used to grip circuit board of displacement, and this device that is used to grip circuit board is provided with and is used for the slot that cooperates with turning transmitting mechanism.Described have the flexible device 4 that is used to grip circuit board of displacement and comprise the upper support frame 41 that is made as rectangle frame, be made as the lower support frame 42 of monolateral opening rectangle frame, and the holding frame 46 of two adjustable positions, be symmetrically arranged with a plurality of via holes on the described upper support frame 41, guide post 43 that is connected with the lower support frame of each via hole matched in clearance, be with compression spring 44 and being positioned on the guide post 43, between the lower support frame, two of upper support frame 41 are parallel on the edge of lower support frame 42 openends and are respectively equipped with bar hole 41a, the holding frame 46 of two adjustable positions is positioned at the frame of lower support frame 42, parallel with the edge of the opening both sides of lower support frame respectively, be provided with draw-in groove 46a in opposite directions on the holding frame 46 of described two adjustable positions, draw-in groove 46a is positioned at the bottom of holding frame 46, the end in the same way of draw-in groove 46a and lower support frame 42 openings is an opening, the other end of draw-in groove 46a is for remaining silent, draw-in groove on two holding frames is used to allow circuit board 7 insert to form gripping circuit board, the bottom of holding frame 46 is lower than the bottom surface of lower support frame 42, the bar hole 41a of upper support frame 41 is passed in the upper end of holding frame 46 by the screw rod that is provided with, with being connected and fixed of nut location and upper support frame, two edges parallel with holding frame 46 of upper support frame 41 are provided with the impact clamping device respectively, the impact clamping device on described every limit comprises two impact guide rods 48, two axle sleeves 47, two are impacted displacement spring and a supporting rod 49, it is fixing by being threaded with upper support frame 41 that the upper end of each impact guide rod 48 is passed an axle sleeve 47 respectively, impacting displacement spring is enclosed within respectively on the impact guide rod 48, and between the limited step and axle sleeve 47 that impact guide rod 48 lower ends, supporting rod 49 is fixed with axle sleeve welding or interference fit between two axle sleeves 47, the slot 45 that is used for cooperating with turning transmitting mechanism is fixed on the axle sleeve 47 or holding frame 46, and slot 45 is comparatively desirable with axle sleeve 47 welding.The described vibratory impulse device 17 other grasping mechanisms that can promote that are provided with horizontal displacement, the crawl arm 50 of grasping mechanism is symmetrical arranged, supporting rod 49 to the device 4 that is applied to grip circuit board, two crawl arms 50 block supporting rod 49 by horizontal displacement campaign in opposite directions, to be used to grip device 4 liftings of circuit board again, be used in the device 4 that grips circuit board and leave and the contacting of the chain of the second double-stranded conveyer 3b, so that carry out vibratory impulse.During use, the circuit board that need are disassembled components and parts is clamped in and has the flexible device 4 that is used to grip circuit board of displacement, will have the flexible device 4 that is used to grip circuit board of displacement again and place 4 and be delivered into to finish by each operation successively in the incubator on the chain of double-stranded conveyer and disassemble.
Referring to Fig. 6, the present invention not only is confined to the foregoing description, the device that it is used for making the solder side of circuit board to contact with the fusion welding of fusion welding heating furnace, also can be for being arranged on the elevating mechanism 20 of fusion welding heating furnace below, the connecting rod link elevating mechanism 27 that this elevating mechanism 20 adopts linear electric motors 23 or hydraulic system to drive, these connecting rod link elevating mechanism 27 upper ends are provided with support platform 21, fusion welding heating furnace 2 is located on the support platform 21, the vestibule of the thermal insulation board 22 that the bottom of connecting rod link elevating mechanism 27 is provided with in the incubator passes with linear electric motors 23 or hydraulic system and is connected (seeing shown in Figure 7), connecting rod link elevating mechanism 27 drives 2 liftings of fusion welding heating furnaces, makes fusion welding with the circuit board contact or separate.Perhaps, the screw-nut body that this elevating mechanism 20 adopts clockwise and anticlockwise motor to drive, fusion welding heating furnace 2 is arranged on the support platform 21 of this screw-nut body upper end, fixedly install nut on the thermal insulation board 22, leading screw 24 cooperates with nut thread, the lower end of leading screw 24 connects reduction box 25, reduction box 25 is connected with clockwise and anticlockwise motor 26, drive leading screw 24 rotations by clockwise and anticlockwise motor by reduction box, drive 2 liftings of fusion welding heating furnace, make fusion welding with the circuit board contact or separate (seeing shown in Figure 8).
The method that adopts the automatic disassembling apparatus of the present invention to disassemble components and parts from circuit board is as follows:
1) disassemble preparation:
A. remove the components and parts that non-welding manner connects; The melting temperature of the used scolder of judging circuit plate; Extract the fixing components and parts of board edge some effects circuit board, guarantee that circuit board has the every limit of two opposite side to have the wide zone of 2～5mm not have components and parts; With waiting that the crooked pin of disassembling components and parts leads directly, make the flexibility of pin be not more than 3～10 °.
B. utilize two opposite side of circuit board that circuit board is fixed on the device that is used to grip circuit board, the components and parts installed surface is arranged up;
2) preheating:
The device that is used to grip circuit board that is fixed with circuit board is positioned over transmission chain, sends into the preheating zone with transmission chain, the preheating zone is adopted gas medium convection type or infra-red radiation and thermal convection current and with mode circuit board is carried out preheating.The preheat temperature of circuit board surface: 140～180 ℃, preheating time: 3～10min; Can reduce temperature difference on the components and parts pin by preheating, help solder fusing, and guarantee that heating tip-off process does not cause bigger thermal shock to components and parts, thereby its performance is caused damage.
3) heating:
The device that is used to grip circuit board that is fixed with circuit board moves to the heating of fusion welding heating furnace with transmission chain, may further comprise the steps:
A. according to the scolder melting temperature of prejudging, set the heating-up temperature of heating furnace, the fusion welding temperature is controlled at 220～280 ℃;
B. the device that is used to grip circuit board that is fixed with circuit board is directly over transmission chain is sent to heating furnace the time, and trigger position induction installation, transmission chain stop action, and the device that at this moment is used to grip circuit board is stopped at directly over the fusion welding heating furnace;
C. pressing mechanism action, stepper motor drives camshaft and rotates, in the rise stage that cam rotates, pressing lever and pressing plate are pushed by cam and are moved downward, thereby push the holding frame that upper support frame on the clamping and fixing device and clamping have circuit board downwards, circuit board is moved down contact heating with fusion welding; In the backhaul stage that cam rotates, recoverys of under the effect of spring, rising of pressing lever and pressing plate, the upper support frame drive holding frame under the effect of compressing spring that is used to grip the device of circuit board upwards resets, and circuit board is separated with fusion welding.
Perhaps raise the fusion welding heating furnace, the circuit board solder side is fully contacted with fusion welding in the heating furnace, and assurance fusion welding liquid level is positioned at below the circuit board element installed surface by elevating mechanism action;
D. circuit board contacts heating 20～90 seconds with fusion welding, adopts the time relay control heat time heating time, or Artificial Control, preferably adopts time relay control.After scolder on the circuit board melted fully, pressing mechanism rose, and removed the pushing of the device that is used to grip circuit board, and under the effect of spring, circuit board separates with fusion welding in the heating furnace;
Perhaps elevating mechanism action drives heating furnace and descends, and circuit board is separated with fusion welding in the heating furnace;
E. for to prevent that the scolder that has heated from solidifying again, all should adopt hot blast mode of heating or infra-red radiation and thermal convection current and circuit board is incubated heating in the follow-up process of disassembling with mode, the heating-up temperature on components and parts surface is 210～250 ℃, finishes up to disassembling.
4) remove scolder:
The device that is used to grip circuit board that is fixed with circuit board continues to move ahead with transmission chain, utilizes the steel wire round brush that the circuit board solder side is swept in the way and scrapes, and removes the scolder that melts on the circuit board solder side.200～1000 rev/mins of round brush rotating speeds are to guarantee the good scolder effect of removing.
5) upset:
A. the device that is used to grip circuit board moves ahead with transmission chain and utilizes the steel wire round brush that the circuit board solder side is swept when scraping, and two flip-arms of turning transmitting mechanism insert the slot of the device that is used for gripping circuit board;
B. after flip-arm inserts slot, the position induction device action, transmission chain stops to transmit, turnover transmission rig begins action, two flip-arms prize the chain that the device that is used to grip circuit board is lifted away from the first double-stranded conveyer, flip-arm Rotate 180 ° in perpendicular then, and firmly be positioned on the chain of the second double-stranded conveyer;
C. the device that is used to grip circuit board is placed steady rear drive chain bar and is begun action, and the device that is used to grip circuit board continues to move forward with transmission chain, breaks away from the flip-arm of turning transmitting mechanism.
6) separating component:
A. after the device that is used to grip circuit board enters vibratory impulse mechanism action zone, the position sensor action, transmission chain stops to move ahead;
B. the supporting rod of the device that is used to grip circuit board is caught in grasping mechanism action, and the device that will be used to grip circuit board promotes certain altitude, breaks away from transmission chain;
C. adopt vibratory impulse mechanism to being used to grip the device enforcement impact of circuit board, the compression of impact displacement spring, be used in the device that grips circuit board and drive the acceleration that circuit board produces necessity, impulsive force makes the components and parts of circuit board installed surface and remaining scolder come off from circuit board; Perhaps vibratory impulse mechanism implements vibration to the device that is used to grip circuit board, makes to impact displacement spring and compress repeatedly and recovers, produces the acceleration of necessity, and the components and parts of circuit board installed surface and remaining scolder are come off; Its acceleration is 20m/s
2～200m/s
2
D. the device that is used to grip circuit board is unclamped in grasping mechanism action, and it is put back to transmission chain;
7) components and parts are collected:
The components and parts that come off from circuit board drop on components and parts and collect on the guipure, make scolder fall into second scolder that components and parts collect below the guipure by vibration and connect dish, and components and parts then are retained in components and parts and collect on the guipure;
8) post processing:
Adopt air draft or vacuum suction apparatus to be collected in step 2)～7) flue gas that produces in the process, after concentrated harmless treatment, discharge; The device that is used to grip circuit board shifts out with transmission chain with the circuit board of disassembling behind the components and parts; To the letter sorting of classifying of circuit board substrate and components and parts; For not disassembling the components and parts that get off on the circuit board, adopt cutting machine cutting, shovel to scrape mode such as pin and realize that components and parts, scolder separate with circuit board substrate.
Claims (10)
1. the automatic disassembling apparatus of a circuit board element, described automatic disassembling apparatus comprises the incubator that is provided with import and outlet, the chain conveyer, and be located at fusion welding heating furnace in the incubator, it is characterized in that: be provided with the steel wire round brush in the described incubator, turning transmitting mechanism, the vibratory impulse device, the device that is used for making the solder side of circuit board to contact with the fusion welding of fusion welding heating furnace, the fusion welding heating furnace is positioned at by incubator import one side, the device that is used for making the solder side of circuit board to contact with the fusion welding of fusion welding heating furnace is arranged on and the vertical corresponding position of fusion welding heating furnace, the vibratory impulse device is positioned at by incubator outlet one side, set gradually the steel wire round brush in proper order by front and back between fusion welding heating furnace and the vibratory impulse device, turning transmitting mechanism, described chain conveyer is set to two respectively by different motor-driven double-stranded conveyers, two double-stranded conveyers are the boundary with the turning transmitting mechanism, lay respectively at turning transmitting mechanism before, after, the chain of the double-stranded conveyer that one of them is used to import enters from the import of incubator, approach fusion welding heating furnace, the steel wire round brush, before turning transmitting mechanism, turn round, get back to outside the import of incubator, the chain of the double-stranded conveyer that another is used to export enters from the incubator outlet, behind turning transmitting mechanism, turn round, get back to outside the outlet of incubator behind the approach vibratory impulse device, at corresponding fusion welding heating furnace, the position of vibratory impulse device rear end is respectively equipped with the location triggered induction installation, described automatic disassembling apparatus also comprises independently having the flexible device that is used to grip circuit board of displacement, have the flexible device that is used to grip circuit board of displacement and be placed on the chain of double-stranded conveyer, this device that is used to grip circuit board is provided with and is used for the slot that cooperates with turning transmitting mechanism.
2. the automatic disassembling apparatus of circuit board element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described have the flexible device that is used to grip circuit board of displacement and comprise the upper support frame that is made as rectangle frame, be made as the lower support frame of monolateral opening rectangle frame, and the holding frame of two adjustable positions, be symmetrically arranged with a plurality of via holes on the described upper support frame, guide post that is connected with the lower support frame of each via hole matched in clearance, be with compression spring and being positioned on the guide post, between the lower support frame, two of upper support frame are parallel on the edge of lower support frame openend and are respectively equipped with bar hole, the holding frame of two adjustable positions is positioned at the frame of lower support frame, parallel with the edge of the opening both sides of lower support frame respectively, the bottom of holding frame is lower than the bottom surface of lower support frame, the bar hole of upper support frame is passed in the upper end of holding frame by the screw rod that is provided with, be connected with upper support frame with the nut location, two edges parallel with holding frame of upper support frame are provided with the impact clamping device respectively, and the slot that is used for cooperating with turning transmitting mechanism is fixed on the axle sleeve or holding frame.
3. the automatic disassembling apparatus of circuit board element according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: be provided with draw-in groove on the holding frame of described two adjustable positions in opposite directions, the end in the same way of draw-in groove and lower support frame opening is an opening, and the other end of draw-in groove is for remaining silent.
4. the automatic disassembling apparatus of circuit board element according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described impact clamping device comprises two impact guide rods, two axle sleeves, two impact displacement spring, a supporting rod, the upper end of each impact guide rod is passed an axle sleeve respectively and is connected with upper support frame, impacting displacement spring is enclosed within respectively on the impact guide rod, and between the limited step and axle sleeve that impact lower end of the guide rod, supporting rod is connected and fixed with axle sleeve between two axle sleeves.
5. the automatic disassembling apparatus of circuit board element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described turning transmitting mechanism comprises rotating shaft, flip-arm, support, rotating shaft is provided with chute vertically, two flip-arms are axially vertical with rotating shaft, one end of flip-arm is enclosed within the rotating shaft, cooperate with chute by feather key and circumferentially to be positioned in the rotating shaft, locate with the axle of rotating shaft by holding screw formation radially, the two end supports of rotating shaft is on support, and spacing with spacer pin, an end of rotating shaft is connected with drive unit by shaft coupling.
6. the automatic disassembling apparatus of circuit board element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the device that the described solder side that is used for making circuit board contacts with the fusion welding of fusion welding heating furnace is the pressing mechanism that is arranged on fusion welding heating furnace top, comprise cam, be connected with the pressing lever of pressing plate, the compression spring, the upper end of pressing lever is stretched out the incubator top and is contacted with cam, the compression spring housing is at the external part of pressing lever, compression spring upper end is spacing with the nut that is assemblied on the pressing lever, the lower end is limited in incubator, and pressing plate is positioned at the pressing lever lower end and is used for and has the flexible device that is used to grip circuit board of displacement and contact.
7. the automatic disassembling apparatus of circuit board element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the device that the described solder side that is used for making circuit board contacts with the fusion welding of fusion welding heating furnace, for being arranged on the elevating mechanism of fusion welding heating furnace below, the connecting rod link elevating mechanism that this elevating mechanism adopts linear electric motors or hydraulic system to drive, the fusion welding heating furnace is located on the support platform of connecting rod link elevating mechanism upper end.
8. the automatic disassembling apparatus of circuit board element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the device that the described solder side that is used for making circuit board contacts with the fusion welding of fusion welding heating furnace, for being arranged on the elevating mechanism of fusion welding heating furnace below, the screw-nut body that this elevating mechanism adopts clockwise and anticlockwise motor to drive, fusion welding heating furnace are located at the support platform of this screw-nut body upper end.
9. the automatic disassembling apparatus of circuit board element according to claim 1 is characterized in that: radially implanting on the axle of described steel wire round brush has 4～8 groups of steel wires, gauge of wire Φ 0.08～0.2mm, the length 15～40mm on steel wire projecting shaft surface.
10. the automatic disassembling apparatus of circuit board element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described incubator, wall is provided with heating tube, and the top is provided with fan, and the bottom is equipped with respectively that scolder connects dish, components and parts are collected guipure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100703213A CN101362239B (en) | 2008-09-18 | 2008-09-18 | Automatic disassembling device of circuit board device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100703213A CN101362239B (en) | 2008-09-18 | 2008-09-18 | Automatic disassembling device of circuit board device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101362239A true CN101362239A (en) | 2009-02-11 |
| CN101362239B CN101362239B (en) | 2010-06-09 |
Family
ID=40388941
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100703213A Expired - Fee Related CN101362239B (en) | 2008-09-18 | 2008-09-18 | Automatic disassembling device of circuit board device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101362239B (en) |
Cited By (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102009242A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-04-13 | 清华大学 | Hot air heating and vibratory force applying disassembly equipment for waste and used circuit boards |
| CN102190896A (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-21 | 上海新禹固废处理有限公司 | Method for recycling waste electronic circuit board and recycled asphalt by using same |
| CN102205452A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2011-10-05 | 王秋辉 | Disassembling device for electronic components of waste electronic circuit board |
| CN102513634A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-06-27 | 深圳市天威达电子有限公司 | Hot disassembly equipment for electronic circuit board component |
| CN102581413A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-07-18 | 北京正康创智科技发展有限公司 | Method for disassembling electronic components by means of liquid disassembly and disassembling device |
| CN103100756A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2013-05-15 | 梁刚 | Environment-friendly medium and large used circuit board electronic component dismantling machine |
| CN103990923A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-20 | 常州市科宏电子电器有限公司 | Automatic loading and unloading device for welding machine |
| CN104842034A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-19 | 俐通（香港）有限公司 | System and method for extracting elements |
| CN104968463A (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2015-10-07 | 俐通（香港）有限公司 | System and method for extracting electronic components |
| CN105108262A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2015-12-02 | 天津电气科学研究院有限公司 | Automatic circuit board straight-insert device welding machine |
| CN105345197A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-02-24 | 苏州光韵达光电科技有限公司 | Tin removing device for BGA |
| CN105834542A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2016-08-10 | 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 | Dual-in-line package chip dismounting device |
| CN107745211A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-02 | 张家港孚冈汽车部件有限公司 | Wiring board welding system and wiring board positioning tool |
| CN107931765A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Discard the lossless automatic separation equipment of pcb board electronic component and its control method |
| CN108032029A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-05-15 | 江西固久金属制品有限公司 | A kind of rotary soldering tool |
| CN108260290A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-07-06 | 中国航空无线电电子研究所 | SMD apparatus detaching devices based on reflow soldering |
| CN108622649A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-10-09 | 格林美（武汉）城市矿产循环产业园开发有限公司 | A kind of battery pack feeding system |
| CN108733151A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-11-02 | 纬创资通(昆山)有限公司 | Assembling device |
| CN109175939A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-11 | 苏州休奇自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of pipe fitting partition inserting apparatus |
| CN110560830A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-13 | 安徽省城建设计研究总院股份有限公司 | manual welding fixture of multifunctional circuit board |
| CN110732864A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-01-31 | 江苏创源电子有限公司 | battery disassembling equipment and method |
| CN111041582A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 金湖仁泰化纤有限公司 | Tension drying equipment for modified polypropylene monofilaments |
| CN112296473A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-02 | 滨州学院 | High-efficient clearance controlling means is used to computer motherboard |
| CN112517601A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-19 | 逄中胜 | Decomposition and recovery device of automatic circuit board processor |
| CN112643163A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-13 | 广州高慧网络科技有限公司 | Welding joint equipment for printed circuit board and electronic element |
| CN114404626A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-29 | 李慧锋 | Painful branch of academic or vocational study wicresoft intervenes operation with needle sword disinfecting equipment |
| CN115502512A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-23 | 陈璐 | Environment-friendly auxiliary system for circuit board welding and using method |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5715592A (en) * | 1994-11-08 | 1998-02-10 | Nec Corporation | Parts disassembling apparatus |
| CN2843016Y (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2006-11-29 | 海尔集团公司 | A kind of circuit board component thermal disassembling equipment |
| CN100521873C (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2009-07-29 | 清华大学 | Method and equipment for disassembling circuit board using contacted impact |
| CN100521874C (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2009-07-29 | 清华大学 | Method and equipment for disassembling components entirely from waste circuit board |
-
2008
- 2008-09-18 CN CN2008100703213A patent/CN101362239B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (38)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102190896A (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-21 | 上海新禹固废处理有限公司 | Method for recycling waste electronic circuit board and recycled asphalt by using same |
| CN102190896B (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2013-02-20 | 上海新禹固废处理有限公司 | Method for recycling waste electronic circuit board and recycled asphalt by using same |
| CN102009242B (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-09-05 | 清华大学 | Hot air heating and vibratory force applying disassembly equipment for waste and used circuit boards |
| CN102009242A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-04-13 | 清华大学 | Hot air heating and vibratory force applying disassembly equipment for waste and used circuit boards |
| CN102205452A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2011-10-05 | 王秋辉 | Disassembling device for electronic components of waste electronic circuit board |
| CN103100756A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2013-05-15 | 梁刚 | Environment-friendly medium and large used circuit board electronic component dismantling machine |
| CN102513634A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-06-27 | 深圳市天威达电子有限公司 | Hot disassembly equipment for electronic circuit board component |
| CN102581413A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-07-18 | 北京正康创智科技发展有限公司 | Method for disassembling electronic components by means of liquid disassembly and disassembling device |
| CN102581413B (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2013-12-18 | 北京正康创智科技发展有限公司 | Method for disassembling electronic components by means of liquid disassembly and disassembling device |
| CN104968463A (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2015-10-07 | 俐通（香港）有限公司 | System and method for extracting electronic components |
| CN104842034A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-19 | 俐通（香港）有限公司 | System and method for extracting elements |
| CN103990923A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-20 | 常州市科宏电子电器有限公司 | Automatic loading and unloading device for welding machine |
| CN105834542A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2016-08-10 | 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 | Dual-in-line package chip dismounting device |
| CN105834542B (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2019-05-07 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Biserial in-line package chip dismounting device |
| CN105108262A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2015-12-02 | 天津电气科学研究院有限公司 | Automatic circuit board straight-insert device welding machine |
| CN105108262B (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-03-29 | 天津电气科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of wiring board direct inserting device automatic welding machine |
| CN105345197A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-02-24 | 苏州光韵达光电科技有限公司 | Tin removing device for BGA |
| CN105345197B (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2017-11-28 | 苏州光韵达光电科技有限公司 | A kind of detinning apparatus for BGA |
| CN107745211A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-02 | 张家港孚冈汽车部件有限公司 | Wiring board welding system and wiring board positioning tool |
| CN108733151A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-11-02 | 纬创资通(昆山)有限公司 | Assembling device |
| CN107931765A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Discard the lossless automatic separation equipment of pcb board electronic component and its control method |
| CN108032029B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2023-10-31 | 江西固久金属制品有限公司 | Spin welding frock |
| CN108032029A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-05-15 | 江西固久金属制品有限公司 | A kind of rotary soldering tool |
| CN108260290A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-07-06 | 中国航空无线电电子研究所 | SMD apparatus detaching devices based on reflow soldering |
| CN108622649A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-10-09 | 格林美（武汉）城市矿产循环产业园开发有限公司 | A kind of battery pack feeding system |
| CN108622649B (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2023-11-14 | 武汉动力电池再生技术有限公司 | Battery pack feeding system |
| CN109175939A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-11 | 苏州休奇自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of pipe fitting partition inserting apparatus |
| CN109175939B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2024-05-10 | 苏州休奇自动化科技有限公司 | Pipe fitting spacer cartridge device |
| CN110560830A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-13 | 安徽省城建设计研究总院股份有限公司 | manual welding fixture of multifunctional circuit board |
| CN110732864A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-01-31 | 江苏创源电子有限公司 | battery disassembling equipment and method |
| CN111041582A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 金湖仁泰化纤有限公司 | Tension drying equipment for modified polypropylene monofilaments |
| CN112517601A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-19 | 逄中胜 | Decomposition and recovery device of automatic circuit board processor |
| CN112296473A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-02 | 滨州学院 | High-efficient clearance controlling means is used to computer motherboard |
| CN112643163B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-12-24 | 广州高慧网络科技有限公司 | Welding joint equipment for printed circuit board and electronic element |
| CN112643163A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-13 | 广州高慧网络科技有限公司 | Welding joint equipment for printed circuit board and electronic element |
| CN114404626A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-29 | 李慧锋 | Painful branch of academic or vocational study wicresoft intervenes operation with needle sword disinfecting equipment |
| CN115502512A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-23 | 陈璐 | Environment-friendly auxiliary system for circuit board welding and using method |
| CN115502512B (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-09-12 | 中电装备山东电子有限公司 | Auxiliary system for environment-friendly circuit board welding and use method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101362239B (en) | 2010-06-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101362239B (en) | Automatic disassembling device of circuit board device | |
| CN100521874C (en) | Method and equipment for disassembling components entirely from waste circuit board | |
| CN100521873C (en) | Method and equipment for disassembling circuit board using contacted impact | |
| CN101386016B (en) | Treatment device and method for non-destructive disassembling the waste circuit board | |
| CN101014228B (en) | Method and equipment for disassembling circuit board using non-contacted impact | |
| CN101537522B (en) | Method and device for disassembling electronic components from waste printed circuit boards and recovering soldering tin | |
| CN203878171U (en) | Mechanical arm used for grabbing and placing high temperature materials | |
| CN107454755B (en) | The rapid automatized production system of wiring board silk-screen roasting procedure and method | |
| CN111530888B (en) | Device and method for recycling components of waste circuit board | |
| CN102009242A (en) | Hot air heating and vibratory force applying disassembly equipment for waste and used circuit boards | |
| CN106384636A (en) | Automatic casing device for resistor | |
| CN114669822B (en) | Soldering tin processing assembly line for miniature transformer | |
| CN105521983B (en) | Dismounting processing unit for old circuit board | |
| CN209886851U (en) | Circuit board detinning equipment | |
| CN107979028A (en) | The stripping method of laser wire stripper and laser wire stripper | |
| CN107464915A (en) | A kind of battery core shaping device | |
| CN201244516Y (en) | Centrifugation detinning equipment of component | |
| CN207490003U (en) | A kind of battery core shaping device | |
| CN110250538B (en) | Automatic grapefruit peeler and working method thereof | |
| CN105689275A (en) | S1 bolt head pressing heating automatic sorting device and method | |
| CN103495783A (en) | Disassembly device for reusable surface-mounted components of waste circuit board | |
| CN112239321A (en) | Method for connecting cup body and cup bottom of glass cup | |
| GB2374826A (en) | Apparatus and method for producing metal fiber | |
| CN107685087B (en) | Automatic recovery mechanism for secondary degassing tailing of heat pipe | |
| CN102513634A (en) | Hot disassembly equipment for electronic circuit board component |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100609 Termination date: 20120918 |