CN101351533A - 金属加工用润滑剂 - Google Patents
金属加工用润滑剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101351533A CN101351533A CNA2006800497906A CN200680049790A CN101351533A CN 101351533 A CN101351533 A CN 101351533A CN A2006800497906 A CNA2006800497906 A CN A2006800497906A CN 200680049790 A CN200680049790 A CN 200680049790A CN 101351533 A CN101351533 A CN 101351533A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- metalworking lubricant
- compound
- lubricant
- carbonatoms
- vinylidene compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 title claims description 48
- -1 vinylidene compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003606 oligomerizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 29
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000002899 organoaluminium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanolamine Chemical compound NCCCO WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconium(2+);dichloride Chemical class Cl[Zr]Cl VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nonene Chemical compound CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012874 anionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940095068 tetradecene Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- KWQPWOQUXSQDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4-trimethylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(C)=C1C KWQPWOQUXSQDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Heptene Chemical compound CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ADOBXTDBFNCOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C ADOBXTDBFNCOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HXDOZKJGKXYMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 HXDOZKJGKXYMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)Cl UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWUZCAVKPCRJPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-4-(6-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=C(C)C=C2S1 KWUZCAVKPCRJPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- LVZUNTGFCXNQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-nonyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CCCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LVZUNTGFCXNQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 description 2
- DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- INKXYFUMUBZQKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4-triethylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(CC)=C1CC INKXYFUMUBZQKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPOGLVDBOFRHDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-nonylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(O)O GPOGLVDBOFRHDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGCVYEOTYJCNOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-cyano-2-methylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(C#N)=CC=C1B(O)O RGCVYEOTYJCNOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFJCNSLCJOQHKM-CLFAGFIQSA-N (z)-1-[(z)-octadec-9-enoxy]octadec-9-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC FFJCNSLCJOQHKM-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydrostilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecene Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC=C VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIIXMZQZEAAIJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-amino-3-phenylpropan-2-ol Chemical compound NCC(O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JIIXMZQZEAAIJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIXJLJIOHUCFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminododecan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)CN VIXJLJIOHUCFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHJOEPMHSNXADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminoicosan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)CN GHJOEPMHSNXADF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVHARNWCHRYVII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;2-ethylhexanoic acid Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO.CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O HVHARNWCHRYVII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000263 2,3-dihydroxypropyl (Z)-octadec-9-enoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDULGHZNHURECF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylaniline 2,4-dimethylaniline 2,5-dimethylaniline 2,6-dimethylaniline 3,4-dimethylaniline 3,5-dimethylaniline Chemical group CC1=CC=C(N)C(C)=C1.CC1=CC=C(C)C(N)=C1.CC1=CC(C)=CC(N)=C1.CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1C.CC1=CC=CC(N)=C1C.CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1N CDULGHZNHURECF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIFHTUIYFKXCAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dioctylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCO)CCCCCCCC BIFHTUIYFKXCAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIZIOHLLYXVEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[benzyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CC1=CC=CC=C1 MIZIOHLLYXVEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVNHOISKXMSMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[butyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCN(CCO)CCO GVNHOISKXMSMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKFNBVMJTSYZDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[dodecyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCO)CCO NKFNBVMJTSYZDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJPDDQSCZGTACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[n-(2-hydroxyethyl)anilino]ethanol Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)C1=CC=CC=C1 OJPDDQSCZGTACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWTQBXKJKDAOSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;octanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO.CCCCCCCC(O)=O CWTQBXKJKDAOSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJKDOMVGKKPJBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(O)=O LJKDOMVGKKPJBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIKVZDICBNEEOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)O YIKVZDICBNEEOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZHCVNIARUXHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 LZHCVNIARUXHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMRCTEPOPAZMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-undecylpropanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)C(O)=O WMRCTEPOPAZMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-GDCKJWNLSA-N 3-oleoyl-sn-glycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-GDCKJWNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVDZNGHKRSKPCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-heptyl-n-(4-heptylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCC)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(CCCCCCC)C=C1 TVDZNGHKRSKPCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C=C DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVIIAEVMQHEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCC IVIIAEVMQHEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OHSJPLSEQNCRLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethyl radical Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[C](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 OHSJPLSEQNCRLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris-decyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCC QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供金属加工用润滑剂,其含有碳原子数为12~64的亚乙烯基化合物而成,所述碳原子数为12~64的亚乙烯基化合物是使用茂金属催化剂,将碳原子数为4~20的α-烯烃进行低聚物化得到的,该金属加工用润滑剂的加工性和表面洁净性优异,同时闪点高且可以降低环境污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及金属加工用润滑剂,更具体地说,涉及加工性优异、且表面洁净性良好,特别是对铝或铝合金等非铁金属的加工有效的金属加工用润滑剂。
背景技术
以往,作为切削、磨削加工或塑性加工用油剂,使用在矿物油或合成油等基油中配合油性剂或极压剂等的润滑油。
但是,这些以往的油剂的加工性不足,同时由于上述油性剂或极压剂等的添加,会有被加工物的表面洁净性或防锈恶化的结果。
为了解决这些问题,提出了含有碳原子数为6~40的直链烯烃的金属加工用油剂,其用于以铝或铜等非铁金属的加工为中心进行使用(例如参照专利文献1~3)。由此,提高加工性,同时改善表面洁净性。
但是,对于加工性还有改善的余地。直链烯烃的碳原子数多的话,则硬化,也就是具有流动点高的性质,因此会有一些问题。例如,碳原子数多的直链烯烃由于在常温硬化,在单独使用其时,通常必须使用碳原子数少的直链烯烃。然而,在更严酷条件的金属加工中,碳原子数少的直链烯烃的闪点低,存在加工中挥发、飞散的情况,其结果招致环境污染。
相对于此,使用碳原子数多、常温下硬化的直链烯烃时,为了确保在常温下为液体,必须混合使用其他矿物油或合成油。因此,直链烯烃的含量被自然而然地抑制,也有不能实现进一步提高加工性的情况。
因此,进一步提高加工性或表面洁净性、闪点高、且即使是碳原子数比较多的化合物在常温下也不硬化的金属加工油剂是必要的。
另一方面,含有金属加工油剂的润滑油中作为合成油大多使用聚α-烯烃(PAO)。但是,以往的聚α-烯烃即使是同一分子量的烃化合物也含有许多异构体,不能通过蒸馏等精制方法取出特定的成分(异构体)。因此,对于规定粘度的合成油,是易挥发的成分和难挥发的成分的混合物,将这样的烃化合物作为润滑油使用,则易挥发的成分首先挥发,在机械的工作中粘度增大。
作为该聚-α-烯烃,现在通过使用BF3催化剂的阳离子聚合而使α-烯烃低聚化,进而多使用氢化得到的物质。但是,该方法中,不能控制低聚物的分子量分布,并且即使是聚合度相同的化合物也生成各自多种异构体。因此,有使用BF3催化剂将α-烯烃低聚化而得到的生成物的精制困难,沸点变宽,因此有蒸发减量(损失)多等缺点。
专利文献1:日本特开平2-281097号公报
专利文献1:日本特开平2-133495号公报
专利文献1:日本特开平2-269798号公报
发明内容
在该状况下,本发明的目的在于提供加工性和表面洁净性良好、闪点高且可以降低环境污染的金属加工用润滑剂。
本发明人为了开发具有上述优选性质的金属加工用润滑剂而进行了深入研究,结果发现,通过使用亚乙烯基化合物,可以达成该目的,所述亚乙烯基化合物是使用茂金属催化剂得到的。本发明是基于上述发现完成的。
即,本发明提供:
1.金属加工用润滑剂,其含有碳原子数为12~64的亚乙烯基化合物而成,所述碳原子数为12~64的亚乙烯基化合物是使用茂金属催化剂,将碳原子数为4~20的α-烯烃进行低聚物化得到的。
2.上述1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其中,亚乙烯基化合物的碳原子数为12~56。
3.上述1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其中,亚乙烯基化合物的碳原子数为12~40。
4.上述1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其中,亚乙烯基化合物具有通式(I)表示的结构,
[化学式1]
[式中,p、q和r各自独立地表示0~18的整数,n表示0~8的整数,n为2以上时,各重复单元的q可以相同或不同,p+n×(2+q)+r的值为8~60]。
5.上述1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其含有5~100质量%的亚乙烯基化合物。
6.上述1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其含有选自油性剂、极压剂、抗氧化剂、防锈剂、金属减活剂、洁净分散剂和消泡剂中的至少1种。
7.上述1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其用于非铁金属的加工。
8.上述1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其中,金属加工为切削、磨削加工或塑性加工。
9.上述1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其是配合乳化剂而成的水溶性油剂。
根据本发明,可以提供对各种金属、其中非铁金属、特别是铝和铝合金的加工性优异,进而表面洁净性良好、同时闪点高且可以降低环境污染的金属加工用润滑剂。
具体实施方式
本发明的金属加工用润滑剂中使用的亚乙烯基化合物是使用茂金属催化剂,将碳原子数为4~20的α-烯烃低聚物化得到的碳原子数为12~64的亚乙烯基化合物,即,α-烯烃低聚物。若该亚乙烯基化合物的碳原子数为12~64的范围,则赋予加工性、表面洁净性,且得到防止环境污染的效果,使用其的金属加工用润滑剂可以实现本发明的目的。上述亚乙烯基化合物优选的碳原子数为12~56,更优选12~40,特别优选16~30的范围。
作为上述原料的碳原子数为4~20的α-烯烃,可以举出1-丁烯、1-戊烯、1-己烯、1-庚烯、1-辛烯、1-壬烯、1-癸烯、1-十一碳烯、1-十二碳烯、1-十三碳烯、1-十四碳烯、1-十五碳烯、1-十六碳烯、1-十七碳烯、1-十八碳烯、1-十九碳烯、1-二十碳烯。这些之中特别优选8~16的α-烯烃。这些α-烯烃可以为直链状,也可以具有支链。此外,本发明中,可以单独使用1种,也可以将2种以上组合使用。
本发明中,作为在α-烯烃的低聚物化中使用的茂金属催化剂,为以往公知的催化剂,可以举出例如(a)含有周期表第4族元素的茂金属络合物、(b)(b-1)可以与上述(a)成分的茂金属络合物或其衍生物反应形成离子性络合物的化合物和/或(b-2)铝氧烷(アルミノキサン)、和根据需要使用的(c)有机铝化合物的组合。
作为上述(a)成分的含有周期表第4族元素的茂金属络合物,可以使用含有钛、锆或铪,优选含有锆的具有共轭碳五元环的络合物。在此,作为具有共轭碳五元环的络合物,通常可以举出具有取代或无取代的环戊二烯基配体的络合物。
作为上述(a)催化剂成分的茂金属络合物,可以举出以往公知的化合物,例如双(正十八烷基环戊二烯基)二氯化锆、双(三甲基甲硅烷基环戊二烯基)二氯化锆、双(四氢茚基)二氯化锆、双[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)环戊二烯基]二氯化锆、双(二叔丁基环戊二烯基)二氯化锆、亚乙基双(茚基)二氯化锆、双环戊二烯基二氯化锆、亚乙基双(四氢茚基)二氯化锆和双[3,3-(2-甲基-苯并茚基)]二甲基硅烷二基二氯化锆、(1,2’-二甲基亚甲硅基)(2,1’-二甲基亚甲硅基)双(3-三甲基甲硅烷基甲基茚基)二氯化锆等。
这些茂金属催化剂可以单独使用1种,也可以将2种以上组合使用。
作为上述(b-1)化合物的可以与茂金属络合物或其衍生物反应形成离子性络合物的化合物,可以举出例如二甲基苯胺四(五氟苯基)硼酸盐(ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキスペンタフルオロフエニルボレ一ト)、三苯基碳正离子四(五氟苯基)硼酸盐(トリフエニルカルベニウムテトラキスペンタフルオロフエニルボレ一ト)等硼酸盐化合物。它们可以单独使用1种,也可以将2种以上组合使用。
作为(b-2)化合物的铝氧烷,可以举出例如甲基铝氧烷、乙基铝氧烷、丁基铝氧烷、异丁基铝氧烷等链状铝氧烷或环状铝氧烷。这些铝氧烷可以单独使用1种,也可以将2种以上组合使用。
本发明中,作为(b)催化剂成分,可以使用1种以上的上述(b-1)化合物,也可以使用1种以上的(b-2)化合物,此外也可以组合1种以上的(b-1)化合物和1种以上的(b-2)化合物来使用。
对于(a)催化剂成分和(b)催化剂成分的使用比率,使用(b-1)化合物作为(b)催化剂成分时,按照摩尔比,优选为10∶1~1∶100,更优选为2∶1~1∶10的范围,在上述范围外时,单位质量聚合物的催化剂成本增大,不实用。此外,使用(b-2)化合物时,按照摩尔比,优选为1∶1~1∶1000000,更优选为1∶10~1∶10000的范围。在该范围外时,单位质量聚合物的催化剂成本增大,不实用。
此外,作为根据需要使用的(c)催化剂成分的有机铝化合物,可以举出例如三甲基铝、三乙基铝、三异丙基铝、三异丁基铝、二甲基氯化铝、二乙基氯化铝、甲基二氯化铝、乙基二氯化铝、二甲基氟化铝、氢化二异丁基铝、氢化二乙基铝、倍半氯化乙基铝等。
这些有机铝化合物可以单独使用1种,也可以将2种以上组合使用。
对于上述(a)催化剂成分和(c)催化剂成分的使用比率,按照摩尔比优选为1∶1~1∶10000,更优选为1∶5~1∶2000,进一步优选为1∶10~1∶1000的范围。通过使用该(c)催化剂成分,可以提高单位过渡金属的聚合活性,但是若太多则有机铝化合物浪费的同时大量残留在聚合物中,所以不优选。
使用(a)催化剂成分和(b)催化剂成分制备催化剂时,优选在氮气等惰性气体氛围气下进行接触操作。
此外,使用(a)催化剂成分、(b)催化剂成分和(c)有机铝化合物制备催化剂时,可以预先使(b)催化剂成分和(c)有机铝化合物接触,但是通过在α-烯烃的存在下使(a)成分、(b)成分和(c)成分接触可得到活性充分高的催化剂。
上述催化剂成分可以使用预先在催化剂制备槽中制备的催化剂成分,也可以将在低聚物化步骤中制备的催化剂成分用于反应中。
α-烯烃的低聚物化可以为分批式、连续式的任意一种。低聚物化中,溶剂不是必要的,低聚物化可以在悬浮液、液体单体或惰性溶剂中实施。在溶剂中进行低聚物化时,使用液体有机烃,例如苯、乙基苯、甲苯等。低聚物化优选在液体单体过量存在的反应混合物中实施。
对于低聚物化的条件,温度为15~100℃左右,压力为大气压~0.2MPa左右。此外,催化剂相对于α-烯烃的使用比率,α-烯烃/(A)成分的茂金属络合物摩尔比通常为1000~106,优选为2000~105,反应时间通常为10分钟~48小时左右。
作为低聚物化反应的后处理,首先进行向反应体系中加入水、醇类的公知的失活处理,停止低聚物化反应后,使用碱水溶液、醇碱溶液进行催化剂的脱钙处理(脱処理)。然后,进行中和洗涤、蒸馏操作等,通过汽提除去未反应的α-烯烃、低聚物化反应中产生的副产物的烯烃异构体,进一步分离具有所期望的聚合度的α-烯烃低聚物。
如此,通过茂金属催化剂制备的α-烯烃低聚物具有双键,特别是末端亚乙烯键的含量高。
该α-烯烃低聚物通常具有通式(I)所示的末端具有亚乙烯键的结构。
[化学式2]
上述通式(1)中,p、q和r各自独立地表示0~18的整数,n表示0~8的整数,n为2以上时,各重复单元的q可以相同或不同,p+n×(2+q)+r的值为8~60。
本发明的金属加工用润滑剂如果含有上述亚乙烯基化合物,则可以仅为亚乙烯基化合物,在此之外也可以含有其他基油和添加剂。
作为上述其它基油,可以使用金属加工油剂中通常使用的矿物油基油和/或合成油基油。
作为矿物油基油,可以举出例如:将石蜡系、中间基系或环烷系原油常压蒸馏得到常压残油,将得到的常压残油减压蒸馏得到润滑油馏分,对该润滑油馏分进行溶剂脱沥青、溶剂萃取、氢化分解、溶剂脱蜡、氢化纯化等处理的1个以上而纯化得到的物质;或通过将矿物油类蜡或通过费-托法等制备的蜡(天然气合成油蜡(ガストウリキツドワツクス))异构化制备的基油等。
另一方面,作为合成油基油,可以举出通过以往方法(BF3催化剂、齐格勒型催化剂等)得到的α-烯烃低聚物或其氢化物、碳原子数为6~20的直链烯烃(特别是1-辛烯、1-癸烯、1-十二碳烯、1-十四碳烯、1-十六碳烯、1-十八碳烯等碳原子数为8~18的1-烯烃)、二-2-乙基己基己二酸酯、二-2-乙基己基癸二酸酯等二酯,三羟甲基丙烷辛酸酯、季戊四醇-2-乙基己酸酯等多元醇酯,烷基苯、烷基萘等芳族类合成油,聚亚烷基二醇或它们的混合物等。
本发明中,作为其它基油,可以使用矿物油基油、合成油基油或选自它们中的2种以上的任意混合物等。可以举出例如1种以上的矿物油基油、1种以上的合成油基油、1种以上的矿物油基油和1种以上的合成油基油的混合油等。以金属加工用润滑剂为基准,这些基油通常以优选95质量%以下、更优选80质量%以下的范围配合。
作为上述添加剂,例如可以适当含有选自油性剂、极压剂、抗氧化剂、防锈剂、金属减活剂、洁净分散剂和消泡剂等中的至少1种。
作为上述油性剂或极压剂,优选例举脂肪酸类、醇类、酯类、油脂类、硫系极压剂、磷酸酯、酸性磷酸酯、亚磷酸酯、酸性亚磷酸酯等磷酸酯类,这些磷酸酯类的胺盐等。
作为脂肪酸类、醇类、酯类、油脂类的例子可以举出,硬脂酸、油酸等脂肪族饱和以及不饱和单羧酸类,二聚酸、氢化二聚酸等聚合脂肪酸类,蓖麻油酸、12-羟基硬脂酸等羟基脂肪酸类,月桂醇、油醇等脂肪族饱和以及不饱和一元醇类,硬脂酸丁酯、油酸丁酯等单酯类,壬二酸二甲酯等二酯类,甘油油酸酯等多元酯类,猪油、牛脂、菜子油、大豆油、米糠油等各种油脂类,进而硬脂基胺、油基胺等脂肪族饱和以及不饱和单胺类,月桂酰胺、油酰胺等脂肪族饱和以及不饱和单羧酸酰胺类等。
作为硫系极压剂,若为分子内具有硫原子、在润滑剂基油中溶解或均匀分散、可以发挥极压剂或优异的摩擦特性的即可。作为这样的硫系极压剂,可以举出例如硫化油脂、硫化脂肪酸、硫化酯、硫化烯烃、二烃基多硫化物、噻二唑化合物、硫代磷酸酯(硫代亚磷酸酯、硫代磷酸酯)、烷基硫代氨甲酰化合物、硫代氨基甲酸盐化合物、硫代萜烯化合物、二烷基硫代二丙酸酯化合物等。其中,硫化油脂为硫或含硫化合物与上述油脂反应得到的,对其硫含量不特别限定,但是通常优选为5~30质量%。作为其具体例子,可以举出硫化猪油、硫化菜籽油、硫化蓖麻油、硫化大豆油、硫化米糠油等。作为硫化脂肪酸的例子,可以举出硫化油酸等,作为硫化酯的例子,可以举出硫化油酸甲酯或硫化米糠脂肪酸辛酯等。
作为上述二烃基多硫化物,例如优选为二苄基多硫化物、各种二壬基多硫化物、各种二月桂基多硫化物、各种二丁基多硫化物、各种二辛基多硫化物、二苯基多硫化物、二环己基多硫化物等。
作为噻二唑化合物,例如可优选列举2,5-双(正己基二硫)-1,3,4-噻二唑、2,5-双(正辛基二硫)-1,3,4-噻二唑、2,5-双(正壬基二硫)-1,3,4-噻二唑、2,5-双(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基二硫)-1,3,4-噻二唑、3,5-双(正己基二硫)-1,2,4-噻二唑、3,6-双(正辛基二硫)-1,2,4-噻二唑、3,5-双(正壬基二硫)-1,2,4-噻二唑、3,5-双(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基二硫)-1,2,4-噻二唑、4,5-双(正辛基二硫)-1,2,3-噻二唑、4,5-双(正壬基二硫)-1,2,3-噻二唑、4,5-双(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基二硫)-1,2,3-噻二唑等。
作为硫代磷酸酯,可以举出烷基三硫代磷酸酯、芳基或烷基芳基硫代磷酸酯、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌等。
作为烷基硫代氨甲酰化合物,例如优选双(二甲基硫代氨甲酰基)一硫化物、双(二丁基硫代氨甲酰基)一硫化物、双(二甲基硫代氨甲酰基)二硫化物、双(二丁基硫代氨甲酰基)二硫化物、双(二戊基硫代氨甲酰基)二硫化物、双(二辛基硫代氨甲酰基)二硫化物等。
进一步地,作为硫代氨基甲酸盐化合物,可以举出例如二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌,作为硫代萜烯化合物,可以举出例如五硫化磷和蒎烯的反应物,作为二烷基硫代二丙酸酯化合物,可以举出例如二月桂基硫代二丙酸酯、二硬脂基硫代二丙酸酯等。
作为磷酸酯,例如有三芳基磷酸酯、三烷基磷酸酯、三烷基芳基磷酸酯、三芳基烷基磷酸酯、三烯基磷酸酯等,可以举出例如三苯基磷酸酯、三甲苯基磷酸酯、苄基二苯基磷酸酯、乙基二苯基磷酸酯、三丁基磷酸酯、乙基二丁基磷酸酯、甲苯基二苯基磷酸酯、二甲苯基苯基磷酸酯、乙基苯基二苯基磷酸酯、二(乙基苯基)苯基磷酸酯、丙基苯基二苯基磷酸酯、二(丙基苯基)苯基磷酸酯、三乙基苯基磷酸酯、三丙基苯基磷酸酯、丁基苯基二苯基磷酸酯、二(丁基苯基)苯基磷酸酯、三丁基苯基磷酸酯、三己基磷酸酯、三(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯、三癸基磷酸酯、三月桂基磷酸酯、三肉豆蔻基磷酸酯、三棕榈基磷酸酯、三硬脂基磷酸酯、三油基磷酸酯等。
作为酸性磷酸酯,可以举出例如2-乙基己基酸式磷酸酯、乙基酸式磷酸酯、丁基酸式磷酸酯、油基酸式磷酸酯、二十四烷基酸式磷酸酯、异癸基酸式磷酸酯、月桂基酸式磷酸酯、十三烷基酸式磷酸酯、硬脂基酸式磷酸酯、异硬脂基酸式磷酸酯等。
作为亚磷酸酯,可以举出例如亚磷酸三乙酯、亚磷酸三丁酯、亚磷酸三苯酯、亚磷酸三甲苯酯、亚磷酸三(壬基苯基)酯、亚磷酸三(2-乙基己基)酯、亚磷酸三癸酯、亚磷酸三月桂酯、亚磷酸三异辛基酯、二苯基异癸基亚磷酸酯、亚磷酸三硬脂酯、亚磷酸三油基酯等。
作为酸性亚磷酸酯,可以举出例如二丁基氢亚磷酸酯、二月桂基氢亚磷酸酯、二油基氢亚磷酸酯、二硬脂基氢亚磷酸酯、二苯基氢亚磷酸酯等。以上的磷酸酯类中,优选为三甲苯基磷酸酯、三苯基磷酸酯。
作为与这些磷酸酯类形成胺盐的胺类,作为单取代胺的例子,可以举出丁基胺、戊基胺、己基胺、环己基胺、辛基胺、十二烷基胺、硬脂胺、油胺、苄基胺等,作为二取代胺的例子,可以举出二丁基胺、二戊基胺、二己基胺、二环己基胺、二辛基胺、二月桂基胺、二硬脂基胺、二油基胺、二苄基胺、硬脂基-单乙醇胺、癸基-单乙醇胺、己基-单丙醇胺、苄基-单乙醇胺、苯基-单乙醇胺、甲苯基-单丙醇胺等,作为三取代胺的例子,可以举出三丁基胺、三戊基胺、三己基胺、三环己基胺、三辛基胺、三月桂基胺、三硬脂基胺、三油基胺、三苄基胺、二油基-单乙醇胺、二月桂基-单丙醇胺、二辛基-单乙醇胺、二己基-单丙醇胺、二丁基-单丙醇胺、油基-二乙醇胺、硬脂基-二丙醇胺、月桂基-二乙醇胺、辛基-二丙醇胺、丁基-二乙醇胺、苄基-二乙醇胺、苯基-二乙醇胺、甲苯基-二丙醇胺、二甲苯基-二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、三丙醇胺等。
这些油性剂或极压剂可以单独使用1种,也可将2种以上组合使用。从效果和经济性平衡等方面考虑,以金属加工用润滑剂总量为基准,其配合量通常为0.01~30质量%,优选为0.05~10质量%的范围。
作为抗氧化剂的例子,可以举出胺系抗氧化剂、酚系抗氧化剂和硫系抗氧化剂等。
作为胺系抗氧化剂,可以举出例如单辛基二苯基胺、单壬基二苯基胺等单烷基二苯基胺系,4,4’-二丁基二苯基胺、4,4’-二戊基二苯基胺、4,4’-二己基二苯基胺、4,4’-二庚基二苯基胺、4,4’-二辛基二苯基胺、4,4’-二壬基二苯基胺等二烷基二苯基胺系,四丁基二苯基胺、四己基二苯基胺、四辛基二苯基胺、四壬基二苯基胺等多烷基二苯基胺系,α-萘胺、苯基-α-萘胺、丁基苯基-α-萘胺、戊基苯基-α-萘胺、己基苯基-α-萘胺、庚基苯基-α-萘胺、辛基苯基-α-萘胺、壬基苯基-α-萘胺等萘胺系,其中优选二烷基二苯基胺系的。
作为酚系抗氧化剂,可以举出例如2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚等一元酚系,4,4’-亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、2,2’-亚甲基双(4-乙基-6-叔丁基苯酚)等二元酚系。
作为硫系抗氧化剂,可以举出例如吩噻嗪、季戊四醇-四-(3-月桂基硫代丙酸)酯、双(3,5-叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫醚、硫代二亚乙基双(3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基))丙酸酯、2,6-二叔丁基-4-(4,6-双(辛硫基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2-甲基氨基)苯酚等。
这些抗氧化剂可以单独使用1种,也可以将2种以上组合使用。此外,以金属加工用润滑剂总量为基准,其配合量通常为0.01~10质量%,优选为0.03~5质量%的范围。
作为防锈剂,例如可以使用十二烯基琥珀酸半酯、十八烯基琥珀酸酐、十二烯基琥珀酸酰胺等烷基或烯基琥珀酸衍生物,脱水山梨醇单油酸酯、甘油单油酸酯、季戊四醇单油酸酯等多元醇偏酯,松香胺、N-油基肌氨酸等胺类,二烷基亚磷酸酯胺盐等。它们可以单独使用1种,也可以将2种以上组合使用。
以润滑剂总量为基准,这些防锈剂的优选的配合量为0.01~5质量%的范围,特别优选为0.05~2质量%的范围。
作为金属减活剂,例如可以使用苯并三唑系、噻二唑系、没食子酸酯系的化合物等。
以金属加工用润滑剂总量为基准,这些金属减活剂的优选的配合量为0.01~0.4质量%的范围,特别优选为0.01~0.2质量%的范围。
作为洁净分散剂,可以举出中性或超强碱性价的碱土类金属磺酸盐、酚盐、水杨酸盐、膦酸盐等金属系洗涤剂,以及烯基琥珀酰亚胺、苄基胺、烷基多胺、烯基琥珀酸酯等无灰系分散剂。这些洗涤分散剂可以单独使用1种也可以将2种以上组合使用。以金属加工用润滑剂总量为基准,其配合量通常为0.1~30质量%左右,优选为0.5~10质量%。
作为消泡剂的例子,液态硅氧烷是合适的,可以使用甲基硅氧烷、氟硅氧烷、聚丙烯酸酯。
以金属加工用润滑剂总量为基准,这些消泡剂的优选配合量为0.0005~0.01质量%。
作为本发明的金属加工用润滑剂的方案,可以是在上述亚乙烯基化合物、或亚乙烯基化合物中含有其他基油或添加剂而成的油剂(油型油剂)中配合乳化剂、进一步根据需要配合水,由此得到的水溶性油剂(水溶性金属加工油剂的原液)。该水溶性金属加工用润滑剂的原液进一步用水大约稀释5~500倍,形成油剂分散在水中的乳液,作为油剂使用。
上述乳化剂没有特别限定,可以使用阴离子型乳化剂、阳离子型、非离子型乳化剂、两性乳化剂,也可以混合使用这些乳化剂。优选的例子可以举出例如阴离子型乳化剂、非离子型乳化剂、或这些乳化剂的混合物。
作为上述阴离子型乳化剂可以举出羧酸(例如碳原子数为7~22的饱和或不饱和脂肪酸、羟基脂肪酸等)或磺酸与胺或金属的盐、蓖麻酸等羟基脂肪酸的缩聚物与脂肪酸的酯或其与胺或金属的盐、二烷基磺基琥珀酸钠等硫酸酯盐类等的磷酸酯盐类、将苯乙烯等烯烃与马来酸酐共聚物等部分皂化得到的聚合型高分子乳化剂、萘磺酸-福尔马林缩合型高分子乳化剂。
作为非离子型乳化剂例如可以举出聚亚氧烷基乙二醇或其单、二醚化合物、甘油或其烯化氧加成物或醚化合物等聚氧化烯系乳化剂、羧酸与醇的酯、烷醇胺与脂肪酸或羧酸的酰胺、烷基胺的烯化氧加成物等。
以稀释前的油剂(原液)为基准,这些乳化剂的配合量通常以10~80质量%的比例配合。
本发明的金属加工用润滑剂(包含水溶性油剂原液)的运动粘度没有特别限定,通常40℃下的运动粘度为1~300mm2/s,优选2~200mm2/s,更优选3~100mm2/s。40℃下的运动粘度为1mm2/s以上时加工性良好,为300mm2/s以下时可以顺利地将油剂向加工部分供给。
上述本发明的金属加工用润滑剂的润滑方法没有特别限定,可以有效地使用所有的润滑方法。也就是本发明的金属加工用润滑剂可以有效地用于以下的润滑方法中,即,向通常的加工部分直接供给金属加工用润滑剂或水溶性金属加工用润滑剂的润滑方法,例如向加工部分以油雾的形态供给金属加工用润滑剂的油雾润滑方法。
实施例
接着通过实施例对本发明进行更具体的说明,但是本发明不被这些例子所限定。
各例子中得到的金属加工用润滑剂的性状和性能通过下述方法求得。
(1)闪点
根据JIS K2265,利用C.O.C测定。
(2)流动点
根据JIS K2269测定。
(3)摩擦系数
使用往复动摩擦试验机,在下述条件下使摩擦部分滑动进行摩擦实验,测定最终滑动时的摩擦系数。
试验球:直径1/2英寸,材质SUJ-2
试验板(材质):A1050P
载荷:9.8N(1kgf)
滑动速度:10mm/s
滑动距离:20mm
滑动次数:20次
实验温度:30℃
涂油量:0.5ml
(4)螺纹(タツプ)加工实验
使用纵型自动换刀数控机床,在下述条件下进行搓螺纹辊加工,测定加工时的螺纹转矩。转矩越小,表示加工性越优异。
工具:M10×P1.5
加工速度:20m/分钟
加工深度:25mm
被切削材料:A6061(下孔φ9.3mm,深度30mm)
(5)乳化实验
将水溶性金属加工油剂(原液)用水(蒸馏水)制成5%溶液,观察24小时后的外观进行评价。
实施例1-3和比较例1-4
使用表1所示的基油和添加剂,按照表1所示的比例进行混合,制备金属加工用润滑剂,求出其性状和性能。结果如表1所示。
(注)
1)1-癸烯二聚物(使用茂金属催化剂制造的),40℃运动粘度=4.47mm2/s,流动点=-15.0℃,闪点=186℃,分子量=280
2)环烷系矿油,40℃运动粘度=9.5mm2/s,流动点=-40℃以下,闪点=150℃
3)现有方法得到的1-癸烯的低聚物——α-烯烃低聚物氢化物(BPChemicals公司制备,商品名“DURASYN-162”),40℃运动粘度=5.1mm2/s,流动点=-40℃以下
4)1-十四碳烯,40℃运动粘度=1.85mm2/s,流动点=-12.5℃,闪点=122℃,分子量=196
5)1-十六碳烯,40℃运动粘度=2.61mm2/s,流动点=2.5℃,闪点=144℃,分子量=224
根据表1,与不含亚乙烯基化合物的比较例1-4的油剂相比,可知本发明的含有亚乙烯基化合物的实施例1-3的油剂的摩擦系数低,螺纹加工时的加工转矩小。实施例1的油剂(40℃的运动粘度为4.47mm2/s),与含有粘度更低(40℃的运动粘度为1.85mm2/s和2.61mm2/s)的直链烯烃的比较例3、4的油剂相比,可知流动点低、闪点高。
实施例4和比较例5-8
使用表2所示的基油和添加剂,按照表2所示的比例进行混合,制备金属加工用润滑剂,求出其性状和性能。结果如表2所示。
(注)
1)-5)与表1相同
6)松浆油脂肪酸(42质量%)、二环己基胺(19质量%)、二乙醇胺(11质量%)、聚氧乙烯油基醚(11质量%)、羊毛脂(11质量%)、十四烷双酸(3质量%)和苯并三唑(3质量%)的混合物
根据表2,与不含亚乙烯基化合物的比较例5-8的水溶性加工油剂用润滑剂的5%稀释液相比,可知本发明的含有亚乙烯基化合物的实施例4的水溶性加工油剂用润滑剂的5%稀释液的摩擦系数低,螺纹加工时的加工转矩小。40℃的运动粘度高的含有亚乙烯基化合物的实施例1的水溶性油剂,与含有粘度更低的直链烯烃的比较例7、8的水溶性油剂(原液)相比,可知流动点低。
产业实用性
本发明的金属加工用润滑剂对各种金属、其中非铁金属、特别是铝和铝合金的加工性优异,进而表面洁净性良好、同时闪点高且可以降低环境污染。因此,作为各种金属、其中非铁金属、特别是铝和铝合金用的金属加工用润滑剂可以有效地利用。
Claims (9)
1.金属加工用润滑剂,其含有碳原子数为12~64的亚乙烯基化合物而成,所述碳原子数为12~64的亚乙烯基化合物是使用茂金属催化剂,将碳原子数为4~20的α-烯烃进行低聚物化得到的。
2.权利要求1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其中,亚乙烯基化合物的碳原子数为12~56。
3.权利要求1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其中,亚乙烯基化合物的碳原子数为12~40。
5.权利要求1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其含有5~100质量%的亚乙烯基化合物。
6.权利要求1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其含有选自油性剂、极压剂、抗氧化剂、防锈剂、金属减活剂、洁净分散剂和消泡剂中的至少1种。
7.权利要求1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其用于非铁金属的加工。
8.权利要求1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其中,金属加工为切削、磨削加工或塑性加工。
9.权利要求1所述的金属加工用润滑剂,其是配合乳化剂而成的水溶性油剂。
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