CN101341847A

CN101341847A - Continuous cultivation method for vertical seedling of lianas vegetables

Info

Publication number: CN101341847A
Application number: CNA2008100792861A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马新增
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-08-23
Filing date: 2008-08-23
Publication date: 2009-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2028-08-23
Also published as: CN101341847B

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuous farming method of the vertical seedlings of vine vegetables; the method is carried out in a green house; the temperature of the greenhouse is 13 DEG C to 30 DEG C, the humidity is 60 percent to 85 percent and the light time is no fewer than 8h every day; when the old vines grow to 10m, 40cm to 60cm young vine sprouts are selected as grafts; meanwhile, 2 to 3 node sprouts are selected to be removed from the base of the leaves by a cutting blade; the base of the leaves is removed; the vines are soaked in rooting powder solution; the organic biological soilless cultured substrate is dug into a valley; riversand is put into the valley; and then the vines are also put into the valley, with the riversand covered on and water sprayed on; finally, the organic biological soilless cultured substrate is covered, and the vines are compacted; after the cutting of the vines is healed and young sprouts grow, the old vines are cut off, pulled up together with old roots, and removed from the valley.

Description

The on the spot seedling of liana class vegetables continues cultivation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of liana class vegetables, the on the spot seedling of specifically a kind of liana class vegetables continues cultivation method.

Background technology

1, the landing field cultivation mode is followed in the greenhouse vegetable growing of liana class always, pursuing day by day under production and the quality of vegetable situation, the stem of liana, the hiding adventive root tissue of joint are ignored by the mankind always, the characteristic of plant corpus itself does not give full expression to out, and technology is not utilized in implementing.

2, the vegetable variety of cultivation is in the majority with liana class vegetables in the greenhouse, generally from planting results, with short production cycle, output is by present leveler: the annual every square meter of China is paced up and down about the 10-30 kilogram, and be up to every square meter 50-60 kilogram abroad, and this level adopts the climing cultivation that falls continuously, and the cultivation cycle is about 2-3.This cultivation method, after tendril grew into certain-length, root system, tendril wore out, conducting tissue is oversize, nutrient consumption is too big and easily grow damage by disease and insect, caused yield and quality to descend at last, pulled out until dying.This method has not only increased labour intensity and production cost simultaneously, and the output raising also is restricted.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of enabling newly to grow, reduce the time of nourishing and growing and cultivation number of times slightly, reduce labour intensity, dwindle production cost, realize that the on the spot seedling of the lasting liana class vegetables that produce continues cultivation method.

Realize the foregoing invention purpose by the following technical solutions:

The on the spot seedling of a kind of liana class vegetables continues cultivation method, this method is to utilize the characteristic that has the adventive root tissue in the liana vegetables stipes in the greenhouse, urge root to handle, and the dystopy cultivation of keeping down the vines of a creeping plant, and serve as that carry out on cultivation basis with " organic ecological soilless culture substrate ", its method is as follows:

A, cultivation condition:

1. greenhouse experiment: it is to be no less than 8 hours every day that temperature is controlled at 13-30 ℃, humidity 60-85%, light application time;

2. tendril condition: the old climing length of liana class vegetables reaches more than 10 meters, transportation nutrient ability drop, and the shoot growth impetus begins to slow down, and blade is thin and little, bearing capacity descends, tendril and root suberification, insect bite that tendril is anosis does harm to;

3. cultivar: tendril has the kind of adventive root tissue characteristics;

B. cultivation method

1. urge root to handle: in the length of the old climing length to 10 of liana vegetables meter, transportation nutrient ability drop, when the shoot growth impetus begins to slow down, the 40-60cm young sprout of selecting and remain is done scion, select 2-3 stipes bud position simultaneously, remove from blade base with blade, the degree of depth be stem thick 1/3, remove the petiole base that length is 1.5-2cm, then tendril is dipped processing with rooting powder solution;

2. dystopy cultivation: the ditch that organic ecological soilless culture substrate is scraped out dark 5-8cm, in ditch, place clean river sand, and then will dip the tendril of handling through rooting powder solution and put into ditch, on cover clean river sand and water, cover organic ecological soilless culture substrate at last, the compacting tendril;

3. final-period management: treat the tendril wound healing and grow new root that after 30-50 days, cut off always climingly, and Lian Laogen together pulls up, and shifts out the greenhouse.

Liane is originating in the subtropical zone more, and in the organic evolution process, because these type of vegetables are for adapting to its warm and humid environment, the tendril stipes self differentiates the adventive root tissue, and these are organized in and are seldom paid attention to by the mankind in the process of growth, and majority is in latence.The new top of part slightly of most lianes belongs to the indeterminate growth type; There is sprouting of lateral bud to become young sprout again, the characteristic that replaces main climing continuation to grow forward.As long as nutrient abundance, environment, growth conditions suit, there is the possibility of growth continuously.And liane is in process of growth, constantly lengthening growth, and the transportation nutrient is apart from lengthening, root, stem are climing aging gradually, absorb the nutrient ability and descend gradually, directly influence the quality and quantity of fruit, last because seasonal periodicity changes, and impels it to stop growing or enters resting state.

According to these cultivation principles, adopt technique scheme, compared with prior art, remarkable advantage of the present invention is: the root system that upgrades in time, shorten climing always, enable newly and grow, reduce the time of nourishing and growing slightly and cultivate number of times, make full use of existing plant tissue, bring into play its potential, increase its reproductive growth time, make output reach maximization, reach lasting production purpose.And this method labour intensity is low, production cost is low, and is simple to operate.For realizing that the factory culture vegetables provide a kind of new method, have opened up a kind of new approaches.Especially be suitable for the cultivation of Curcurbitaceae or vegetables such as liana class and tomato genus.

Embodiment

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.

On the spot seedling cultivation method or title are kept down the vines of a creeping plant that to continue cultivation with greenhouse cucumber be the example explanation to the seedling cultivation method in the present invention, and cultivation method is as follows:

1, cultivation condition

Cultivation matrix of the present invention is selected " organic ecological soilless culture substrate " for use, and whole process is carried out in the greenhouse.Greenhouse temperature is controlled at about 13-30 ℃, humidity 60-85%, light application time is no less than 8 hours every day.Selecting anosis insect bite evil length for use is 10 meters tendril, keeping down the vines of a creeping plant transposition cultivation.

2. cultivation method

1. urge root to handle: to utilize the characteristic that has adventive root in the liana vegetables stipes, the dystopy of keeping down the vines of a creeping plant cultivation.About old climing length to 10 is meter long, bearing capacity descends, when the shoot growth impetus began to slow down, the 40-60cm young sprout of selecting and remain was done scion, selected 2-3 stipes bud position simultaneously, remove from blade base with blade, wound is big as far as possible, the degree of depth be controlled at its stem thick 1/3 in, remove the 1.5-2cm petiole base, in time dip processing with rooting powder solution or other auximone, the compound method of this root-inducing powder is: add 5 kilograms in water by No. six root-inducing powders of desired concn one gram.

2. dystopy cultivation: in old climing base portion one side, in spacing in the rows, organic ecological soilless culture substrate is taken off the ditch that is split into about dark 5-8cm, in ditch, place sterile-processed pure clean river sand, again the tendril of handling is put into ditch, on cover river sand, water a little water, cover organic ecological soilless culture substrate at last, and the compacting tendril prevents its ejection.

3. final-period management: treat wound healing and grow new root that about about 30-50 days, cut off always climingly apart from ground 2cm place, and Lian Laogen together pulls up, and shifts out the greenhouse.Just begun to be for some time seedling-slowing stage, approximately continued 1-2 during this period of time about week, will strengthen water and fertilizer management this moment, makes it recover growth as early as possible.

Go the management after climing: cut off old climing after, extract always climing, sort out Lao Ye and other plant residue, carry out the organic thorough disinfection comprehensively of primary space sterilization and cultivation simultaneously and handle.Original position is cultivated used matrix, general continuous use about 2 years after, will change fresh matrix, add fertilizer then, in order to the usefulness of changing root next time.Go climing before, to impose some phosphorus potash fertilizer and an amount of pouring water to the tendril root of planting; Go to append instant nitrogenousfertilizer one time after climing, and in time pour water, accomplish the seedling growth unanimity as far as possible, and short its nourished and grown and transformed to its reproductive growth.If growing way is inconsistent or the plant of disease worm harm occurs, and can not arbitrarily remove, note strengthening independent management, can consider top dressing and cooperate the use of agricultural chemicals.General when changing root, 1-2 week change root in advance to it to time less important comprehensively.After changing root, after weakening appearred in growth potential once more, lasting bearing capacity descended once more at every turn, after old climing length reaches 10 meters, changed root once more.If newly do not made progress growing ability slightly really, enable standby plant and substitute.

4. the cultivation of standby seedling: adopt nursery lot to cultivate rice shoot, standby seedling adopts the seed of former cultivar, cultivates same offspring.Standby plant is before changing root at every turn, adopts the soilless-cultivated seedling technology, cultivates strong sprout about 1-2 month in advance, and the standard in its strong sprout is with reference to former soilless-cultivated seedling technology.

Enabling opportunity of standby seedling should be placed at every turn and change the root phase comprehensively, if standby seedling is on the weak side in the plant young sprout of growing, can propose a few days ago transposition and plant in change the root phase comprehensively, and it is consistent with seedling growth to accomplish newly to plant standby seedling as far as possible.

5. the replacing of cultivation matrix: change root cultivation use continuously after about 2 years when organic matrix, will change fresh matrix, in order to the usefulness of changing root next time.Before removing the back and more renewing matrix, cultivating groove is carried out killing of a thorough disinfection sterilization and worm's ovum, can consider to change the bottom mulch film in case of necessity or heavily spread the new film of one deck.Local easily take place which disease and insect pest are mainly seen in bactericide and utilization of pesticides, make with medicament targetedly.

6. change root continuously: change root when for the first time, continue the result after, after weakening appears in growth potential once more, about old climing vice-minister to 10 again meter after, just can consider to change root once more, it changes method for root, final-period management is equal to above method.As long as young sprout has upwards growing ability, just can realize changing continuously root.

The present invention is suitable to be carried out in the greenhouse throughout the year.Vegetable growing methods such as other Curcurbitaceae, tomato genus can be with reference to said method." organic ecological soilless culture technology " belongs to vegetable or flower research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences recognized technology.

Claims

1, the on the spot seedling of a kind of liana class vegetables continues cultivation method, this method is to utilize the characteristic that has the adventive root tissue in the liana vegetables stipes in the greenhouse, urge root to handle, and the dystopy cultivation of keeping down the vines of a creeping plant, and serve as that carry out on cultivation basis with " organic ecological soilless culture substrate ", it is characterized in that:

A, cultivation condition:

1. greenhouse experiment: temperature is that 13-30 ℃, humidity 60-85%, light application time are no less than 8 hours every day;

2. tendril condition: the old climing length of liana class vegetables is greater than 10 meters, transportation nutrient ability drop, and the shoot growth impetus begins to slow down, and blade is thin and little, bearing capacity descends, tendril and root suberification, insect bite that tendril is anosis does harm to;

3. cultivar: tendril has the kind of adventive root tissue characteristics;

B. cultivation method

1. urge root to handle: in the length of the old climing length to 10 of liana vegetables meter, transportation nutrient ability drop, when the shoot growth impetus begins to slow down, the 40-60cm young sprout of selecting and remain is done scion, select 2-3 stipes bud position simultaneously, remove from blade base with blade, its degree of depth be its stem thick 1/3, remove the petiole base that length is 1.5-2cm, then tendril is dipped processing with rooting powder solution;

2. dystopy cultivation: organic ecological soilless culture substrate is scraped out ditch, in ditch, places river sand, and then will dip the tendril of handling through rooting powder solution and put into ditch, on cover river sand and water, cover organic ecological soilless culture substrate at last, the compacting tendril;

3. final-period management: treat the tendril wound healing and grow new root that after 30-50 days, cut off always climingly, and Lian Laogen together pulls up, and shifts out the greenhouse from ditch.

2. the on the spot seedling of liana class vegetables according to claim 1 continues cultivation method, it is characterized in that, after changing root, after weakening appearred in growth potential once more, lasting bearing capacity descended once more at every turn, after old climing length reaches 10 meters, changed root once more.

3. the on the spot seedling of liana class vegetables according to claim 1 continues cultivation method, it is characterized in that, described river sand is the sterile-processed thin river sand that does not have impurity.