CN101248382A - 光纤缆线及其形成方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种松管光纤缆线,包括至少一个缆线单元。每个缆线单元包括多条松包非缓冲光纤、至少部分地围绕所述非缓冲光纤的强力纱,和围绕所述强力纱和所述非缓冲光纤的护套。
Description
相关申请
【0001】本申请要求2005年6月8日提交的美国临时专利申请第60/688,492号和2005年6月8日提交的美国临时专利申请第60/688,493号的优先权,在此以引用方式将这些专利申请的公开内容全部并入本文。
技术领域
【0002】本发明涉及传输缆线,更具体地是涉及光纤传输缆线及其形成方法。
背景技术
【0003】传统上,已将阵列光纤连接器应用到带状光纤缆线和线缆、紧包缓冲缆线,以及松管缆线。但在缆线成本、缆线性能和连接器化的方法方面,这些缆线中的每一种都存在固有缺点。
【0004】带状缆线可能比其他缆线设计更加昂贵,并且可能遭受优先弯曲。带状缆线的光学性能还可能由于缆线结构的原因而下降。此外,将多带分离并通到多连接器时可能需要叉管或叉形软管(furcationtubing)。
【0005】紧包缓冲缆线通常为较大型缆线,其减少了光纤的包装密度,并且对这类缆线组件处理方面的考虑因素造成了负面影响。额外的工作可涉及连接性,因为通常必须剥去各个独立的紧包缓冲物,然后用叉管对紧包缓冲物进行保护。在应用阵列光纤连接器之前,可能还需要对松包光纤进行带状化。
【0006】松管缆线在光学性能、缆线尺寸和缆线成本方面具有优点。然而传统上,必须用叉管保护光纤。同样,在应用阵列光纤连接器之前,可能也需要对松包光纤进行带状化。
发明内容
【0007】根据本发明的实施例,一种松管光纤缆线包括至少一个缆线单元。每个缆线单元包括:多条松包非缓冲光纤;强力纱,至少部分地围绕所述非缓冲光纤;和护套,围绕所述强力纱和所述非缓冲(非带缓冲层的,non-buffered)光纤。
【0008】根据一些实施例,所述非缓冲光纤每条具有范围从约235至265μm的直径。
【0009】根据一些实施例,每个缆线单元被构造成使其所述非缓冲光纤浮置于其所述护套中。
【0010】根据一些实施例,每个缆线单元的所述护套具有范围从约2.75至3.25mm的外直径。
【0011】根据一些实施例,所述缆线进一步包括:外强力纱,围绕所述至少一个缆线单元的至少一部分;和外护套,围绕所述外强力纱和所述至少一个缆线单元。
【0012】根据一些实施例,所述至少一个缆线单元包括多个所述缆线单元,所述缆线进一步包括外护套,所述外护套围绕所述多个缆线单元的所述护套。
【0013】根据本发明进一步的实施例,一种连接器化的缆线组件包括:松管光纤缆线,所述松管光纤缆线包括至少一个缆线单元;和光纤连接器,安装在所述至少一个缆线单元上。每个缆线单元包括:多条松包非缓冲光纤;强力纱,至少部分地围绕所述非缓冲光纤;和护套,围绕所述强力纱和所述非缓冲光纤。
【0014】根据本发明的方法实施例,一种形成松管光纤缆线的方法,包括:形成至少一个缆线单元,所述缆线单元包括:多条松包非缓冲光纤;强力纱,至少部分地围绕所述非缓冲光纤;和聚合物护套,围绕所述强力纱和所述非缓冲光纤。
【0015】通过阅读附图和后文对优选实施例的详细描述(此类描述仅仅是为了对本发明进行图解说明),本领域普通技术人员将会认识到
本发明进一步的特征、优点和细节。
附图说明
【0016】图1是根据本发明实施例的缆线的剖切透视图。
【0017】图2是形成图1缆线一部分的非缓冲光纤的横截面视图。
【0018】图3A是根据本发明实施例的、包括图1缆线的连接器化的缆线组件的前透视图。
【0019】图3B是图3A连接器化的缆线的分解的前透视图。
【0020】图3C是沿图3A的线3C-3C剖切的、图3连接器化的缆线的横截面视图。
【0021】图4是根据本发明进一步实施例的缆线的剖切透视图。
【0022】图5是根据本发明进一步实施例的缆线的剖切透视图。
【0023】图6是根据本发明进一步实施例的缆线的剖切透视图。
具体实施方式
【0024】附图中示出了本发明的说明性实施例,后文将参考附图更加充分地描述本发明。为了清楚起见,附图中区域或特征的有关尺寸可能会被放大。但是,本发明可被实施为很多种不同的形式,因此本发明不应该被解释成受限于本文给出的实施例;相反,提供这些实施例是为了使本公开的内容全面完整,并且会向本领域技术人员充分地传达本发明的范围。
【0025】应该理解的是,当某个元件被称为“耦连”或“连接”到另一元件时,所述元件能被直接耦连或连接到所述另一元件,或者也可能存在中间元件。相反,当某个元件被称为“直接耦连”或“直接连接”到另一元件时,则不存在中间元件。相同的附图标记始终标示相同的元件。本文所用术语“和/或”包括有关列出项目中一个或多个的任意和全部组合。
【0026】此外,为了便于描述,诸如“之下”、“下方”、“下部”、“之上”、“上部”等空间上的相对术语在本文中可用来描述附图所示的一个元件或特征与其他元件(一个或多个)或特征(一个或多个)的关系。应该理解的是,除了附图中描绘的方位外,空间上的相对术语意欲包括该装置在使用和操作中的不同方位。例如,如果附图中的装置倒置,那么描述为在其他元件或特征“之下”或“下面”的元件将被定向在其他元件或特征“之上”。因此,示例性术语“之下”既能包括方位“之上”也能包括方位“之下”。该装置可以其他方式定向(旋转90度或定向于其他方位),而对本文所用的空间上的相对描述应作相应解释。
【0027】为简明和/或清楚起见,公知的功能或构造可能不会被详细描述。
【0028】本文所用术语仅仅是为了描述具体实施例,并无意限制本发明。如本文中所使用的,不定冠词(可能翻译为“一”、“一个”和/或不翻译)或定冠词(可能翻译为“该”、“所述”和/或不翻译)表示的单数形式意欲包括复数形式,除非上下文另行作出清楚的说明。还应进一步理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包括”时,是要表明存在已述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件,但并不排除可以存在或增添一个或多个其他特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、部件,和/或其组合。
【0029】除非另有定义,否则本文使用的所有术语(包括科技术语)具有的含义与本发明所属领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义相同。还应进一步理解的是,术语(诸如那些在常用词典中定义的术语)应该被解释成具有与它们在相关技术领域上下文中含义一致的含义,而不应该被解释成理想化的或过分刻板的意义,除非文中有明确定义。
【0030】根据本发明的实施例,提供了一种松管光纤缆线。该缆线可提供松管布线的优点,和/或减少或消除一定的、在利用其他光纤布线类型和方案时通常必需的缆线组装工作和成本。
【0031】参考图1,其中示出了根据本发明实施例的缆线100。缆线100一般包括多条非缓冲光纤110、多个强力纱120,以及保护性护套130。根据一些实施例以及如图所示,缆线100的横截面为圆形,前述组合的各部件绕长度轴线L-L基本上同心地定位,并且一起沿长度轴线L-L延伸。缆线100可与连接器组件10结合,从而形成连接器化的缆线5,如图3A-3C。下文将对这些部件进行更加详细的描述。
【0032】如图所示,缆线100包括由十二(12)条非缓冲光纤110a构成的束111。根据一些实施例,光纤110相对于彼此松散的,以致它们没有特别的、固定的相对定向。
【0033】光纤110的一个示例以横截面形式示于图2中。光纤110包括玻璃纤维112,玻璃纤维112包括玻璃纤芯112A和周围的玻璃包层112B。可以任何合适的方式构造玻璃纤维112。例如,纤芯112A和包层112B中每一个都可以包括一个或多个同心节段或层,可被掺杂,等等。玻璃纤维112可由任何合适的材料、使用任何合适的方法制成。
【0034】再次参考图2,在光纤110中,涂层114围绕着包层112B。涂层114为玻璃纤维112提供环境保护。如图所示,涂层114由单个涂层构成;但是,也可施加多重同心层来形成总的层114。根据一些实施例,涂层114由紫外光固化的丙烯酸酯制成。出于颜色编码的目的,各自的光纤110的涂层114可具有不同颜色。
【0035】根据一些实施例以及如图所示,光纤110一种被构造成常称为“裸光纤”或“非缓冲光纤”的光纤。根据一些实施例,光纤110的总直径D1的范围为从约235至265μm。根据一些实施例,涂层114的厚度T1不大于约70.5μm。根据一些实施例,总直径D1为约235至265μm之间,涂层114的厚度T1不大于约70.5μm。根据一些实施例,纤芯112A的直径D2为约6至64μm之间,包层112B的直径D3为约115至135μm之间。
【0036】如图所示,缆线100进一步包括强力纱(strength yarn)120的束121,其中强力纱120至少部分地围绕光纤束111。强力纱120可由任何合适的材料制成。根据一些实施例,强力纱120是芳族聚酰胺纤维。其他合适的材料可包括玻璃纤维或聚酯。根据一些实施例,强力纱120每个都具有范围从约250至3000的丹尼尔。根据一些实施例,强力纱束121包括约2至10端或股的强力纱120(每端或每股强力纱120可包括数百条丝)。
【0037】护套130围绕纱束121和光纤束111,纱束121和光纤束111处于护套130限定的纵向通道132中。护套130可由任何合适的材料例如聚合材料制成。根据一些实施例,护套130由热塑性聚合物制成。合适的聚合材料可包括PVC(聚氯乙烯)、PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯)或FRPE(阻燃聚乙烯)。护套130可被模制成形或挤压成形在光纤束111和强力纱束121之上。根据一些实施例,护套130的厚度T2为约0.20至1.0mm之间。
【0038】根据一些实施例,护套通道132的内直径D4大于光纤束111和强力纱束121的组合横截面直径,从而使得至少光纤110是松散的,因而能够浮置于通道132内(即,能够相对于护套130自由运动)。根据一些实施例,光纤110和强力纱120都是松散的,并且都能浮置于通道132内(即,能够相对于护套130自由运动)。因此,通道132的容积中至少一部分未填充光纤110或强力纱120,从而允许光纤110和强力纱120在通道132内运动。根据一些实施例,通道132的容积中至少30%的容积未填充光纤束111和强力纱束121(即,通道132的横截面面积比光纤束111和强力纱束121的组合总横截面面积大出至少30%)。根据一些实施例,通道132的容积中约50%至60%之间的容积未填充束111,121(即,通道132的横截面面积比束111,121的组合总横截面面积大出约50%至60%之间)。缆线100可被称为“松管缆线”。
【0039】根据一些实施例,缆线100具有约1.5至4mm的总的外直径D5。根据一些实施例,外直径D5为约2.75至3.25mm之间。外直径D5为约2.75至3.25mm之间的缆线100通常被当作3mm缆线。
【0040】对本领域技术人员而言,形成缆线100的合适的设备和方法应是明显的。光纤束111和强力纱束121可被绞合在一起,然后将护套130模制成形或挤压成形在其上。光纤110可成螺旋形地绞合(例如,使用反向摆振或S-Z技术)。然后,缆线100可被包装(例如,缠绕在辊子上)或者切成各种长度。缆线100因此被预制成图中所示。缆线100可被包装并用作独立缆线,或者可被合并成例如下文所述的较大型缆线的缆线单元或子单元。
【0041】缆线100可以提供许多优点。缆线100可允许直接连接至连接器,例如阵列光纤连接器(如,多纤推入式(MPO)光纤连接器)。强力纱120可在连接器处提供应变消除。松管构造和圆形形状可提供改善的光学性能、缆线尺寸、缆线成本、操作处理和可靠性特性。缆线可具有减少的直径,使得其空间需求更好地适合机柜、缆线盘、管道,等等。缆线可具有减少的重量,这可以减少缆线上的安装力并且可提供较容易的操作处理。缆线可提供改进的坚固性,藉此相对于标准需求提供了安全裕度。松管缆线可以减少诸如优先弯曲半径、抗纽结压溃性之类的问题。由于光纤110是非缓冲光纤,因此安装连接器时不必首先从光纤上剥去紧包缓冲层(例如,在野外)。预制缆线100可使光纤110能够直接连接到带应变消除的连接器,而无需使用叉管、额外的强力纱,等等。因此,通过降低连接过程的复杂性可降低总的组装成本。
【0042】参考图3A-3C,可用连接器组件10来终接缆线100,以形成图中所示的连接器化的缆线组件或线缆5。连接器组件10是示例性的,也可采用其他合适的连接器。连接器组件10包括前壳体20、孔塞(ferrule)22、孔塞套24、销夹26、弹簧28、后壳体30、压接环(crimp ring)32,以及应变消除套34。如图3C所示,光纤110由环氧树脂36固定在孔塞中。同样如图3C所示,通过使用压接环32将强力纱120压接在护套130和连接器后壳体30之间,从而将强力纱120直接固定到连接器组件10。这样,强力纱120提供了应变消除。连接器组件10直接安装在缆线100和圆形护套130上,而不使用叉管等。如果需要,可从各自的玻璃纤维112的端部剥去或洗刷掉相对较薄的涂层114;但安装人员不必剥去相对较厚的紧包缓冲涂层(例如,其可存在于900μm的缓冲光纤上)。根据一些实施例,连接器组件和/或安装连接器组件的方法包括2005年6月8日提交的、序列号为60/688,492的共同转让的美国临时专利申请(代理人卷号9457-48)中公开的连接器组件和/或方法,在此以引用方式将该专利申请的公开内容并入本文。根据一些实施例,壳体20,30内光纤束111的端部节段111A(图3B)被带状化,以致其内光纤110的各部分排列成边靠边的单行配置。节段111A可由一条胶带或粘合剂111B临时或永久地保持在该带状化配置中。
【0043】根据一些实施例,连接器缆线组件5是线缆,该线缆包括缆线100的一段长度以及安装在缆线100两端的各自的连接器组件10。这两个连接器组件10可被配置为彼此相同或不同。根据一些实施例,强力纱120被压接或以其他方式直接固定到这两个连接器组件。也就是说,强力纱120从一个连接器组件10连续不断地延伸到另一个连接器组件,并且可以在这两个连接器组件处提供应变消除。
【0044】参考图4,其中示出了根据本发明进一步实施例的缆线201。缆线201包括一个构造方式与缆线100相同的缆线单元200,缆线单元200包括光纤210、强力纱220和护套230。外强力纱240的束241围绕缆线单元200的护套230(其可被称为“内护套”)。外护套250限定了通道252,且围绕纱束241和缆线单元200。撕裂带244也延伸穿过通道252。根据一些实施例,外护套250松配合在强力纱束241的周围,以致缆线单元200和强力纱240浮置于护套通道252中。
【0045】可以按照与上文所述相同的方式对缆线201的缆线单元200进行连接器化。强力纱240和外护套250可为缆线201提供额外的抗拉强度,从而为光纤210提供保护。
【0046】可像上文针对强力纱120所述的那样来构造强力纱240。可像上文针对护套130所述的那样来形成外护套250。根据一些实施例,外护套250的厚度为约0.40至1.0mm之间。
【0047】参考图5,其中示出了根据本发明进一步实施例的缆线301。缆线301包括两个缆线单元300。每个缆线单元300的构造方式与缆线100相同,且包括光纤210、强力纱220和护套330(其可被称为“内护套”)。外护套360限定了通道362,并且围绕缆线单元300。撕裂带344也延伸穿过通道362。缆线单元300可平行延伸,如图所示。替代性地,缆线单元300可成螺旋形地绞合(例如,使用反向摆振或S-Z技术)。可像上文针对护套130所述的那样来构造护套360。根据一些实施例,外护套360具有约0.30至1.0mm之间的厚度。根据一些实施例,外护套360松配合在缆线单元300的周围,以致缆线单元300浮置于外护套360中。可将滑石粉或其他润滑剂置于外护套通道362中,以防止护套360和330之间发生粘结或结合。
【0048】能以上文所述的方式使用缆线301。但缆线301提供了二十四(24)条光纤。缆线单元300中的每一个都可从缆线301中分离出,并与各自的连接器一起进行连接器化。
【0049】参考图6,其中示出了根据本发明进一步实施例的缆线401。缆线401包括十二(12)个缆线单元400,以提供总共144条非缓冲光纤410。每个缆线单元400的构造方式与缆线单元300的相同。外护套460限定了通道462,并且围绕缆线单元400。撕裂带444也延伸穿过通道462。替代性地,玻璃增强聚合物(GRP)玻璃纤维杆446延伸穿过护套通道462。绑扎带(binding tape)448成螺旋形地缠绕在缆线单元400的周围,以在制造期间使缆线单元400保持就位。缆线单元400可成螺旋形地绞合(例如,使用反向摆振或S-Z技术)。可像上文针对护套130所述的那样来形成护套460。根据一些实施例,外护套460具有约0.30至1.0mm之间的厚度。根据一些实施例,缆线单元400松配合在护套460中,以致缆线单元400浮置于通道462中。可在通道462中提供滑石粉或其他润滑剂,以防止外护套460与缆线单元400各自的护套发生粘结或结合。
【0050】可以上文针对缆线301所述相同的方式来使用缆线401,除了缆线401能被分离出从而提供十二个可连接器化的子缆线或缆线子单元外。
【0051】虽然每个缆线单元100,200,300,400已被图示为每个具有十二条光纤,但是这样的缆线单元可包括更多或更少的光纤。此外,根据一些实施例,对应于缆线301或401的缆线可被制成具有更多或更少的缆线单元300,400。
【0052】根据一些实施例,本文所述的缆线符合下列规定中的至少一种:GR-409-CORE Issue 1(1994年5月颁布),Generic Requirements forPremises Fiber Optic Cable;ICEA S-83-596-2001(2001年9月颁布),Standard for Optical Fiber Premises Distribution Cable;NFPA-262,Revision 2(2002年7月19日颁布),Standard Method of Test for FlameTravel and Smoke of Wires and Cables for Use in Air-Handling Spaces;and UL-1666,4th Edition(2002年7月12日颁布),Test for Flame-Propagation and Smoke-Density Values for Electrical and Optical-FiberCables Installed Vertically in Shafts。根据一些实施例,缆线符合每一种前述规定。
【0053】前述内容仅仅是为了对本发明进行示例说明,不应被解释成对本发明的限制。虽然已描述了本发明的一些示例性实施例,但本领域技术人员将会很容易认识到,在不实质脱离本发明新颖的教导和优点的情况下,在这些示例性实施例中作出许多变型是可能的。因此,所有这样的变型都应包括在本发明的范围内。所以应该理解,前述内容是对本发明进行的示例说明,不应被解释为仅仅限于所公开的具体实施例,对公开的实施例所作的变型以及其他实施例应包括在本发明的范围内。
Claims (20)
1.一种松管光纤缆线,包括至少一个缆线单元,每个缆线单元包括:
多条松包非缓冲光纤;
强力纱,至少部分地围绕所述非缓冲光纤;和
护套,围绕所述强力纱和所述非缓冲光纤。
2.根据权利要求1所述的缆线,其中所述非缓冲光纤每条具有范围从约235至265μm的直径。
3.根据权利要求1所述的缆线,其中所述非缓冲光纤中的每一条包括纤芯、围绕所述纤芯的包层,和围绕所述包层的至少一个涂层。
4.根据权利要求3所述的缆线,其中每条非缓冲光纤的所述至少一个涂层具有不大于约70.5μm的厚度。
5.根据权利要求3所述的缆线,其中每条非缓冲光纤的所述至少一个涂层由丙烯酸酯制成。
6.根据权利要求3所述的缆线,其中所述非缓冲光纤中至少一些的所述涂层接触各自缆线单元的所述强力纱。
7.根据权利要求1所述的缆线,其中每个缆线单元被构造成使其所述非缓冲光纤浮置于其所述护套中。
8.根据权利要求1所述的缆线,其中每个缆线单元被构造成使其所述强力纱浮置于其所述护套中。
9.根据权利要求1所述的缆线,其中每个缆线单元包括多个所述强力纱,所述强力纱至少部分地围绕其所述非缓冲光纤,并且由其所述护套围绕。
10.根据权利要求1所述的缆线,其中每个缆线单元的所述强力纱由选自芳族聚酰胺、玻璃纤维和聚酯的材料制成。
11.根据权利要求1所述的缆线,其中每个缆线单元的所述护套具有范围从约1.5至4mm的外直径。
12.根据权利要求11所述的缆线,其中每个缆线单元的所述护套具有范围从约2.75至3.25mm的外直径。
13.根据权利要求1所述的缆线,包括:
外强力纱,围绕所述至少一个缆线单元的至少一部分;和
外护套,围绕所述外强力纱和所述至少一个缆线单元。
14.根据权利要求13所述的缆线,其中外强力纱和所述外护套仅围绕一个缆线单元。
15.根据权利要求1所述的缆线,其中所述至少一个缆线单元包括多个所述缆线单元,所述缆线进一步包括外护套,所述外护套围绕所述多个缆线单元的所述护套。
16.根据权利要求15所述的缆线,其中所述至少一个缆线单元包括至少三个由所述外护套围绕的缆线单元。
17.根据权利要求15所述的缆线,其中所述多个缆线单元成螺旋形地卷绕在所述外护套内。
18.一种连接器化的缆线组件,包括:
a)松管光纤缆线,包括至少一个缆线单元,每个缆线单元包括:
多条松包非缓冲光纤;
强力纱,至少部分地围绕所述非缓冲光纤;和
护套,围绕所述强力纱和所述非缓冲光纤;以及
b)光纤连接器,安装在所述至少一个缆线单元上。
19.根据权利要求18所述的连接器化的缆线组件,其中所述至少一个缆线单元包括多个缆线单元,每个缆线单元包括安装在其上的各自的光纤连接器。
20.一种形成松管光纤缆线的方法,所述方法包括:
形成至少一个缆线单元,所述缆线单元包括:
多条松包非缓冲光纤;
强力纱,至少部分地围绕所述非缓冲光纤;和
聚合物护套,围绕所述强力纱和所述非缓冲光纤。
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EP3179286B1 (en) | 2020-04-15 |
MX2007015570A (es) | 2008-03-06 |
US7742667B2 (en) | 2010-06-22 |
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CA2610858A1 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
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DK2278372T3 (en) | 2016-02-29 |
EP2278372A3 (en) | 2012-12-05 |
KR20080027328A (ko) | 2008-03-26 |
JP2008544300A (ja) | 2008-12-04 |
US20100239216A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
WO2006135513A1 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
AU2006258169A1 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
EP3179286A1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
EP2278372B1 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
CN101248382B (zh) | 2010-11-03 |
HK1124396A1 (en) | 2009-07-10 |
EP1889108A1 (en) | 2008-02-20 |
JP4806708B2 (ja) | 2011-11-02 |
AU2006258169B2 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
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