CN101238274B - 内燃机阀动装置的可转换牵引杆 - Google Patents

内燃机阀动装置的可转换牵引杆 Download PDF

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CN101238274B
CN101238274B CN2006800291335A CN200680029133A CN101238274B CN 101238274 B CN101238274 B CN 101238274B CN 2006800291335 A CN2006800291335 A CN 2006800291335A CN 200680029133 A CN200680029133 A CN 200680029133A CN 101238274 B CN101238274 B CN 101238274B
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CN101238274A (zh
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斯特凡·格迈因
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Schaeffler Holding China Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/185—Overhead end-pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F01L1/267—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder with means for varying the timing or the lift of the valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0005—Deactivating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L2001/186—Split rocking arms, e.g. rocker arms having two articulated parts and means for varying the relative position of these parts or for selectively connecting the parts to move in unison
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers
    • F01L2305/02—Mounting of rollers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20576—Elements
    • Y10T74/20882—Rocker arms

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及内燃机阀动装置的可转换牵引杆(1)，该牵引杆具有外杆和内杆(3，4)，其中内杆设置在其侧壁(2)之间。在内杆(4)的臂(7)之间分布着在“悬浮”支承的销(5)上设置的滚子作为冲程凸轮的对立面(6)。杆(3，4)在一端(9)处被设在共同的轴(12a)上。它们在另一端(11)处具有纵向延伸并在凸轮基圆中彼此对齐的容纳处(13，14)。在外杆(3)的容纳处(13)中设有耦合件(15)，其为了耦合而可以逐段地移动到内杆(4)的容纳处(14)(这里为传动面)中。销(5)在内杆(4)中利用各凸肩(15a)少量地凸过内杆(4)的臂(7)，其中，在耦合情况下，凸肩(15a)的顶面(16)贴附在止挡面(18)的底面(17)上，止挡面(18)被设置在外杆(3)的侧壁(2)的内面(19)上。

Description

内燃机阀动装置的可转换牵引杆
技术领域
本发明涉及内燃机阀动装置的可转换牵引杆，该牵引杆具有外杆和在其侧壁之间设置的内杆。内杆在其两臂之间具有在销上支承的滚子作为冲程凸轮的对立面，其中，牵引杆在底面的一端处固有用于换气阀门的接触面并在另一端处固有摆动轴承，其中，杆在一端处分布在共同的轴上并在远离该轴的一端处具有纵向延伸且在凸轮基圆中彼此对齐的容纳处，其中至少一个容纳处中设置耦合件，耦合件为了杆的耦合而可以逐段地移动到对置的容纳处中。
背景技术
对于现有技术中已知的杆来说，为了实现耦合件的容纳处在凸轮基圆中具有对齐的位置，各外杆具有止挡部，止挡部近似在中截面的区域内将相应的内杆弓形地从下方衔接。由于弓形止挡部须具有必要的过渡半径，所以从外杆的臂沿横向看去，这种杆必须较宽地构成，原因在于，内杆不能在半径范围内撞击在横向弓部的顶面上。假如还是发生了在半径范围内的撞击，那么就不得不估计不必要的高材料负荷。而且还会出现不能让耦合件与对置的容纳处足够地对齐的情况，从而不能实现耦合。
除此之外显而易见的是，由于横向弓部内杆的底面叠加地衔接内杆，所以牵引杆不必要低地构成。就此而言会出现气缸头区域中的自由度问题。
其它缺点在于，作为对立面的滚子的销在内杆中必须得到填缝或另外与内杆固定。这会提高制造成本。此外，滚子与销在第一次固定之后不可再度拆分。拆分只视情况在维修时或出于间隙调整的目的对预先分类的滚子进行配对时才有可能发生。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是，提供一种前述种类的、排除已述缺点的牵引杆。
按照发明通过下述内容解决这一目的，即，销“悬浮”支承在内杆中并利用各一个凸肩少量地凸过内杆的臂，其中，在耦合情况下，凸肩的顶面贴附在止挡面的底面上，止挡面被设置在外杆侧壁的内面上。
前述缺点从而得以排除。本发明的保护范围还涉及解决可转换牵引杆的所谓“横锁”的方案。由于具有优选从外杆侧壁内面单件外伸的内在止挡措施，所以可以弃用前述的将内杆从下方衔接的弓形止挡件。用于滚子的销相应比内杆略宽地构成，从而在耦合状态下，销的顶面以简单的方式和方法贴附在止挡面的底面上。因此而实现耦合件的容纳处在凸轮基圆中对齐。同时通过该止挡措施可以实现内杆对立面在凸轮基圆中关于其凸轮的自由度。通过最后提到的措施可以避免结构上的多余空间并同时减小基圆的摩擦。
“悬浮”这一表述表示的是销在内杆中相应容纳处内的一种弃用各种固定的设置方式。销因此以其外端面在外杆侧壁的内面上独自定心。
按照目的使得止挡面的底面与销的顶面互补，止挡面视情况也可以单独构成。
代替设置“冲程转换器”，作为牵引杆也可以是“冲程终止器”，也就是说，在杆件的解耦状态下，换气阀门不会开启。
按照目的，止挡面仅少量地从外杆侧壁的内面向内凸出。根据本发明的一种进一步深造还具有如下设置，即，让止挡面单件地从外杆侧壁的顶面凸出。止挡面也可以单件地示有用于低冲程凸轮的可以作为滑动面构成的对立面，从而在该区域的横截面中呈现T或类似T的轮廓。当然也可以更深地设置与前述顶面间隔的止挡面。
保护范围还包括一种方案，即，在外杆上也设置滚子作为对立面，或者只在外杆上设置滚子作为对立面并且内杆设有滑动面。
已公开的空动弹簧构造相对紧凑。此外，通过在解耦情况下它的一个腿在外杆横梁顶面上的接触可以实现内杆沿气缸头方向的“防旋松”，方式如下，即，销不可脱失。
替代作为空动弹簧的螺旋扭力弹簧也可以视情况设置螺旋压力弹簧或类似物。作为牵引杆的摆动轴承尤其设想一个球冠。通过球冠可以使得牵引杆支承在液压支承件或机械支承件的头部上。当然，视情况也可以设置和设想牵引杆在摆动轴上或在类似物上的设置方式。
如果液压油通过支承件的头部、摆动轴承和较短的液压油通道直接导入耦合件的容纳处中，那么便呈现出一个特别优选的、为了耦合件在至少一个方向上的移动而将液压油导给牵引杆的实施例。其中，牵引杆可以在无压力状态下要么被机械式闭锁要么被机械式解锁。
视情况也可以在按照本发明的牵引杆上设置其它加载件用于至少一个作为耦合件的活塞，例如两侧液压式的、电磁式的、磁式的加载件以及类似物。
附图说明
按照目的借助附图对本发明做详细说明。其中：
图1是按照发明的牵引杆的纵向截面；
图2是前述牵引杆的外杆的纵向截面；
图3是牵引杆在其销的向着换气阀门接触面区域内的横截面。
具体实施方式
附图公开了一种用于内燃机阀动装置的可转换牵引杆1。它具有外杆3。内杆4支承在外杆3的侧壁2之间。内杆4具有两个间隔的臂7，滚子作为高冲程凸轮(Grosshubnocken)的对立面6分布在两臂7之间。该滚子在这里通过滚动体支承在销5上，销5“悬浮”而非固定地分布在内杆4中。
外杆3在底面8的一端11处具有作为球冠构成的摆动轴承12。它通过摆动轴承12可以摆动地支承在例如液压支承件的头部上。外杆3在底面8的另一端9处具有横梁25，横梁25具有用于换气阀门的接触面10。牵引杆1视情况也可以如下构成，即，它可以用来开启数个相同作用的换气阀门。
此外还得知，外杆3在摆动轴承12上方具有在这里纵向分布的容纳处13。在解耦情况下，例如活塞式的耦合件15处于该容纳处13中。在另一端9处设有轴12a，杆3、4彼此相对摆动地分布在该轴12a上。
正如特别在图3中所示的那样，在轴12a上在内杆4的臂7内设有螺旋扭力弹簧22作为空动弹簧。其中，螺旋扭力弹簧22的至少一个腿23(也见图1)支承在前述横梁25的顶面24上。它的另一个腿26相对于内杆4的横杆27作用。因此，得以保证内杆4在其在高冲程凸轮(Grosshubnocken)上的脱耦模式下的回导。
此外还可以看到(尤其见图3)，外杆3的侧壁2的顶面20至少在中部区域内弓形地外凸以用来形成滑动面，该滑动面作为凸轮的对立面21。对立面21形成从侧壁2的内面19逐段并少量内凸的止挡面18。
销5利用其两侧的凸肩15a少量地凸过内杆4的臂7。为了使得容纳处13与内杆4底面上的容纳处14形成对齐的位置，销5的凸肩15a的顶面16贴附在止挡面18的互补底面17上，其中这里也可以设想孔中的耦合。在凸轮基圆经过时，作为滚子构成的内杆4对立面6没有凸轮接触，而之前所述的在外杆3上的对立面21支承在其凸轮上。
附图标记
1)牵引杆
2)侧壁
3)外杆
4)内杆
5)销
6)对立面
7)臂
8)底面
9)端部
10)接触面
11)端
12)摆动轴承
12a)轴
13)容纳处
14)容纳处
15)耦合件
15a)凸肩
16)顶面
17)底面
18)止挡面
19)内面
20)顶面
21)对立面
22)螺旋扭力弹簧
23)腿
24)顶面
25)横梁
26)腿
27)横杆

Claims (7)

1.内燃机阀动装置的可转换牵引杆(1)，该牵引杆具有外杆和内杆(3，4)，该内杆设置在外杆的侧壁(2)之间，内杆(4)在其两臂(7)之间具有在销(5)上支承的滚子作为冲程凸轮的对立面(6)，其中，牵引杆(1)在底面(8)的一端(9)处固有用于换气阀门的接触面(10)并在另一端(11)处固有摆动轴承(12)，其中，所述外杆和内杆(3，4)在一端(9，11)处分布在共同的轴(12a)上并在远离该轴(12a)的一端(11，9)处具有纵向延伸且在凸轮基圆中彼此对齐的容纳处(13，14)，其中在至少一个容纳处(13，14)中设置耦合件(15)，该耦合件为了所述外杆和内杆(3，4)的耦合而能够逐段地移动到对置的容纳处(14，13)中，其特征在于，所述销(5)“悬浮”支承在所述内杆(4)中并利用各一个凸肩(15a)少量地凸过所述内杆(4)的所述臂(7)，其中，在耦合情况下，所述凸肩(15a)的顶面(16)贴附在止挡面(18)的底面(17)上，该止挡面(18)被设置在所述外杆(3)的所述侧壁(2)的内面(19)上。
2.按权利要求1所述的牵引杆，其特征在于，止挡面(18)单件地从外杆(3)的侧壁(2)的顶面(20)凸出，其中，止挡面(18)的底面(17)与销(5)的凸肩(15a)互补。
3.按权利要求2所述的牵引杆，其特征在于，外杆(3)的每个侧壁(2)在其顶面(20)上单件地示有凸起的弓形滑动面作为用于下一个冲程凸轮的对立面(21)，该对立面(21)平滑地从顶面(20)逐段地向内凸出以用来形成相应的止挡面(18)。
4.按权利要求1所述的牵引杆，其特征在于，外杆(3)的每个侧壁(2)在其顶面(20)上设有滑动面作为用于各个低冲程凸轮的对立面(21)，内杆(4)中的滚子作为用于高冲程凸轮的对立面(6)构成，其中，要么内杆(4)的对立面(6)、要么外杆(3)的对立面(21)在凸轮基圆中无接触地存在。
5.按权利要求1所述的牵引杆，其特征在于，摆动轴承(12)以及用于换气阀门的接触面(10)设在外杆(3)上，其中，轴(12a)分布在接触面(10)的侧面上。
6.按权利要求5所述的牵引杆，其特征在于，轴(12a)在内杆(4)的臂(7)之间被至少一个作为空动弹簧的螺旋扭力弹簧(22)包围，其中该螺旋扭力弹簧的一端的腿(23)相对于外杆(3)的横梁(25)的顶面(24)作用，横梁(25)另一侧具有用于换气阀门的接触面(10)，和其中螺旋扭力弹簧的另一端的腿(26)从下方衔接内杆(4)的横杆(27)，横杆(27)比作为对立面(6)的滚子更靠近轴(12a)。
7.按权利要求1所述的牵引杆，其特征在于，摆动轴承(12)作为球冠构成，用于支承在机械或液压支承件的头部上，其中，用于耦合件(15)的容纳处(13)在摆动轴承(12)上方在牵引杆(1)中纵向分布，并至少在使用液压支承件的情况下被从摆动轴承(12)伸出的液压油通道切入。
CN2006800291335A 2005-08-05 2006-07-08 内燃机阀动装置的可转换牵引杆 Active CN101238274B (zh)

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DE102005037053A DE102005037053A1 (de) 2005-08-05 2005-08-05 Schaltbarer Schlepphebel eines Ventiltriebs einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102005037053.5 2005-08-05
PCT/EP2006/006702 WO2007017027A1 (de) 2005-08-05 2006-07-08 Schaltbarer schlepphebel eines ventiltriebs einer brennkraftmaschine

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CN101238274B true CN101238274B (zh) 2010-11-03

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US (1) US7712443B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1915517B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4787880B2 (zh)
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DE102005037053A1 (de) 2007-02-08
JP4787880B2 (ja) 2011-10-05
WO2007017027A1 (de) 2007-02-15
KR20080040693A (ko) 2008-05-08
ATE426087T1 (de) 2009-04-15
CN101238274A (zh) 2008-08-06
EP1915517B1 (de) 2009-03-18
US20080245326A1 (en) 2008-10-09
JP2009503345A (ja) 2009-01-29
DE502006003202D1 (de) 2009-04-30
US7712443B2 (en) 2010-05-11

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