CN101184479A - 贴剂 - Google Patents
贴剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101184479A CN101184479A CNA2006800190175A CN200680019017A CN101184479A CN 101184479 A CN101184479 A CN 101184479A CN A2006800190175 A CNA2006800190175 A CN A2006800190175A CN 200680019017 A CN200680019017 A CN 200680019017A CN 101184479 A CN101184479 A CN 101184479A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- patch
- tan
- styrene
- mastic
- lag
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
本发明提供一种贴剂,所述贴剂可以提高产品的耐水性和使用性,并且可以减轻产品带给使用者的刺激。本发明的贴剂具备柔性支持体和层叠在所述支持体上的膏体层;所述膏体层含有苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,膏体的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为-45℃以上、-35℃以下,并且通过测定动态粘弹性(频率为6.2832(rad/s))而获得的在45℃的tanδ(滞后角)值为0.25以下。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种贴剂,更详细而言是涉及一种具备膏体层的贴剂,所述膏体层含有苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物。
背景技术
一直以来,用于贴在皮肤上的贴剂(例如膏药剂)得到广泛使用。这些贴剂是通过贴在皮肤上,以使药物经皮吸收的产品,所以贴剂与皮肤的粘着性(贴附性)是重要的。
因此,所属领域技术人员对贴剂的粘着性进行了各种研究,考虑到可以不使用溶剂而利用热熔融进行制造这个方面,而尝试使用苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(以下也称为SIS嵌段共聚物)作为粘着剂成分。
例如,已公开了如下的贴剂:在膏体层中含有吲哚美辛(indomethacin)、SIS嵌段共聚物、液体石蜡(liquid paraffin)和聚乙二醇的贴剂(参照专利文献1),或者含有SIS嵌段共聚物、克罗他米通(crotamiton)和消炎止痛药的贴剂(参照专利文献2)等。
根据这些贴剂,因为在膏体层中调配了SIS嵌段共聚物,所以可以不使用溶剂而利用热熔融进行制造,可以容易而且低价格地制造,此外可以减轻环境负担。
专利文献1日本专利特开2001-302502号公报
专利文献2日本专利特开平4-321624号公报
发明内容
然而在所述以往的贴剂中存在如下问题。
第一,因为所述贴剂的自粘(这里,“自粘”的意思是贴剂的膏体层的表面相互间的粘着力、粘贴性等。其并不包含不与膏体面以外的对象物体粘接的概念)力过强,在将剥离膜剥离、将贴剂贴在皮肤上、再一次贴在皮肤上等时候,膏体面容易相互粘在一起,并且难以剥开已经粘着的面。
第二,所述贴剂,因其对皮肤的粘着力也过强,从皮肤上剥离时带给使用者很大的痛苦。
第三,如果皮肤带有湿气,则贴剂对皮肤的粘着力下降,使得贴剂的皮肤贴附性大为劣化。因此,在使用前或者使用中,如果例如因为出汗或者水蒸气等使皮肤带有湿气的话,则经常发生难以将贴剂贴在皮肤上,或者贴剂从皮肤上脱落或贴剂的一部分剥落。
因为自粘力、对皮肤的粘着力、耐水性(这里,所谓“耐水性”是指可以抑制因皮肤带有湿气而使贴附性劣化的性质)是相互关联的性质,所以一直以来没能将以上问题全部解决。
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种使用SIS嵌段共聚物作为粘着剂成分的贴剂,所述贴剂可以提高产品的耐水性和使用性、并且可以减轻产品带给使用者的刺激。
为了实现上述目的,本发明者们进行了专心研究,结果发现:将通过测定动态粘弹性而判定的膏体的tanδ(滞后角)和玻璃化转变温度(Tg)维持在规定范围内,可以提高产品的耐水性和使用性、并且可以减轻产品带给使用者的刺激,从而最终完成本发明。
更具体而言,本发明提供下述贴剂。
(1)一种贴剂,其具备柔性支持体和层叠在所述支持体上的膏体层,其特征在于:所述膏体层含有苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,膏体层的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为-45℃以上、-35℃以下,并且通过测定动态粘弹性(频率为6.2832(rad/s))而获得的在45℃的tanδ(滞后角)值为0.25以下。
(2)根据(1)所述的贴剂,其特征在于:所述tanδ(滞后角)值为0.12以上、0.25以下。
(3)根据(2)所述的贴剂,其特征在于:所述tanδ(滞后角)值为0.15以上、0.25以下。
(4)根据(1)至(3)中任一项所述的贴剂,其特征在于:所述膏体层进一步含有增粘剂和增塑剂。
(5)根据(4)所述的贴剂,其特征在于:相对于整个所述膏体层,所述苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的含量为10质量%以上、40质量%以下,所述增粘剂的含量为10~35质量%,所述增塑剂的含量为20质量%以上、60质量%以下。
(6)根据(1)至(5)中任一项所述的贴剂,其特征在于:在所述苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物中苯乙烯与异戊二烯的质量比(苯乙烯/异戊二烯)为20/80以上、25/75以下。
(7)一种贴剂,其具备柔性支持体和层叠在所述支持体上的膏体层,其特征在于:所述膏体层含有苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,膏体层具有与图1或图2的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性图基本相同的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性,所述图1或图2的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性图是通过测定动态粘弹性(频率6.2832(rad/s))而获得的。
根据(7)的发明,膏体显示出与图1或图2的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性图基本相同的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性。tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性图(图1、图2)中具体的值示于表1中。
[表1]
图1 | 图2 | ||
温度(℃) | tanδ | 温度(℃) | tanδ |
-65.57 | 5.18×10-1 | -66.26 | 6.72×10-1 |
-58.8 | 3.32×10-1 | -58.74 | 6.17×10-1 |
-52.83 | 8.80×101 | -52.79 | 1.03×100 |
-46.87 | 1.56×100 | -46.86 | 1.81×100 |
-40.88 | 2.37×100 | -40.87 | 2.27×100 |
-34.87 | 2.08×100 | -34.86 | 1.94×100 |
-28.88 | 1.24×100 | -28.87 | 1.17×100 |
-22.88 | 7.00×10-1 | -22.87 | 6.79×10-1 |
16.88 | 4.60×101 | -16.87 | 4.51×101 |
10.89 | 3.77×10-1 | -10.88 | 3.74×10-1 |
-4.88 | 3.67×101 | -4.88 | 3.64×101 |
1.08 | 3.69×101 | 1.12 | 3.68×101 |
7.12 | 3.64×10-1 | 7.11 | 3.69×10-1 |
13.1 | 3.60×10-1 | 13.12 | 3.53×10-1 |
19.11 | 3.37×10-1 | 19.11 | 3.31×10-1 |
25.12 | 2.94×10-1 | 25.07 | 3.05×10-1 |
31.1 | 2.68×10-1 | 31.11 | 2.63×10-1 |
37.12 | 2.34×101 | 37.1 | 2.38×101 |
43.11 | 2.07×10-1 | 43.12 | 2.11×10-1 |
49.12 | 2.00×10-1 | 49.09 | 2.02×10-1 |
55.1 | 2.08×10-1 | 55.12 | 2.17×10-1 |
61.12 | 2.50×10-1 | 61.1 | 2.60×10-1 |
67.11 | 3.42×10-1 | 67.11 | 3.55×10-1 |
73.11 | 5.13×10-1 | 73.09 | 5.18×10-1 |
79.11 | 7.67×10-1 | 79.11 | 7.69×10-1 |
85.07 | 1.11×100 | 85.1 | 1.09×100 |
91.11 | 1.54×100 | 91.11 | 1.50×100 |
97.09 | 2.50×100 | 97.1 | 2.31×100 |
103.09 | 4.30×100 | 103.1 | 3.75×100 |
109.1 | 6.98×100 | 109.1 | 6.54×100 |
115.07 | 1.34×101 | 115.05 | 4.79×100 |
此外,本发明的贴剂具有与图1或图2的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性图基本相同的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性,作为贴剂其还可以带有的特征是:具有与图3的通过测定动态粘弹性而获得的动剪切模量(G′)的温度依赖性图基本相同的G′的温度依赖性。并且,动剪切模量(G′)的温度依赖性图(图3)中的值示于表2中。
[表2]
图1 | 图2 | ||
温度(℃) | G′(Pa) | 温度(℃) | G′(Pa) |
-65.57 | 3.85×108 | -66.26 | 1.27×107 |
-58.8 | 3.29×108 | -58.74 | 1.30×107 |
-52.83 | 8.78×107 | -52.79 | 6.84×106 |
-46.87 | 1.32×107 | -46.86 | 2.95×106 |
-40.88 | 1.48×106 | -40.87 | 1.53×106 |
-34.87 | 2.85×105 | -34.86 | 3.19×105 |
-28.88 | 1.08×105 | -28.87 | 1.23×105 |
-22.88 | 5.45×104 | -22.87 | 6.28×104 |
-16.88 | 3.55×104 | -16.87 | 3.96×104 |
-10.89 | 2.80×104 | -10.88 | 3.08×104 |
-4.88 | 2.42×104 | -4.88 | 2.66×104 |
1.08 | 2.09×104 | 1.12 | 2.30×104 |
7.12 | 1.84×104 | 7.11 | 2.01×104 |
13.1 | 1.64××104 | 13.12 | 1.78×104 |
19.11 | 1.48×104 | 19.11 | 1.61×104 |
25.12 | 1.38×104 | 25.07 | 1.49×104 |
31.1 | 1.31×104 | 31.11 | 1.40×104 |
37.12 | 1.26×104 | 37.1 | 1.35×104 |
43.11 | 1.23×104 | 43.12 | 1.31×104 |
49.12 | 1.20×104 | 49.09 | 1.28×104 |
55.1 | 1.16×104 | 55.12 | 1.24×104 |
61.12 | 1.09×104 | 61.1 | 1.16×104 |
67.11 | 9.72×103 | 67.11 | 1.04×104 |
73.11 | 7.85×103 | 73.09 | 8.39×103 |
79.11 | 5.44×103 | 79.11 | 5.92×103 |
85.07 | 3.19×103 | 85.1 | 3.50×103 |
91.11 | 1.60×103 | 91.11 | 1.84×103 |
97.09 | 6.39×102 | 97.1 | 7.95×102 |
103.09 | 2.08×102 | 103.1 | 2.66×102 |
109.1 | 6.42×101 | 109.1 | 7.36×101 |
115.07 | 1.70×101 | 115.05 | 4.56×101 |
此外,本发明的贴剂具有与图1或图2的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性图基本相同的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性,作为贴剂其还可带有的特征是:具有与图4的通过测定动态粘弹性而获得的损耗模量(G″)的温度依赖性图基本相同的G″的温度依赖性。并且,损耗模量(G″)的温度依赖性图(图4)中的值示于表3中。
[表3]
图1 | 图2 | ||
温度(℃) | G″(Pa) | 温度(℃) | G″(Pa) |
-65.57 | 2.00×108 | -66.26 | 8.54×106 |
-58.8 | 1.09×108 | -58.74 | 8.01×106 |
-52.83 | 7.73×107 | -52.79 | 7.04×106 |
-46.87 | 2.06×107 | -46.86 | 5.33×106 |
-40.88 | 3.50×106 | -40.87 | 3.49×106 |
-34.87 | 5.93×105 | -34.86 | 6.20×105 |
-28.88 | 1.34×105 | -28.87 | 1.44×105 |
-22.88 | 3.81×104 | -22.87 | 4.27×104 |
-16.88 | 1.63×104 | -16.87 | 1.79×104 |
-10.89 | 1.05×104 | -10.88 | 1.15×104 |
-4.88 | 8.90×103 | -4.88 | 9.68×103 |
1.08 | 7.73×103 | 1.12 | 8.46×103 |
7.12 | 6.71×103 | 7.11 | 7.41×103 |
13.1 | 5.88×103 | 13.12 | 6.27×103 |
19.11 | 5.00×103 | 19.11 | 5.32×103 |
25.12 | 4.06×103 | 25.07 | 4.54×103 |
31.1 | 3.50×103 | 31.11 | 3.69×103 |
37.12 | 2.96×103 | 37.1 | 3.21×103 |
43.11 | 2.54×103 | 43.12 | 2.77×103 |
49.12 | 2.40×103 | 49.09 | 2.59×103 |
55.1 | 2.41×103 | 55.12 | 2.68×103 |
61.12 | 2.73×103 | 61.1 | 3.03×103 |
67.11 | 3.33×103 | 67.11 | 3.69×103 |
73.11 | 4.03×103 | 73.09 | 4.35×103 |
79.11 | 4.17×103 | 79.11 | 4.55×103 |
85.07 | 3.53×103 | 85.1 | 3.81×103 |
91.11 | 2.46×103 | 91.11 | 2.76×103 |
97.09 | 1.60×103 | 97.1 | 1.84×103 |
103.09 | 8.96×102 | 103.1 | 9.97×102 |
109.1 | 4.48×102 | 109.1 | 4.81×102 |
115.07 | 2.28×102 | 115.05 | 2.19×102 |
此外,图1或者图2的tanδ(滞后角)温度依赖性图,是根据动剪切模量(G′)温度依赖性图(图3)和损耗模量(G″)温度依赖性图(图4)求出的。
[发明效果]
根据本发明,因为使含有SIS嵌段共聚物的膏体的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为-45℃以上、-35℃以下,并且使通过测定动态粘弹性(频率为6.2832(rad/s))而获得的在45℃的tanδ(滞后角)值为0.25以下,可以提高产品的耐水性和使用性,并且减轻产品带给使用者的刺激。
附图说明
图1是通过测定动态粘弹性而获得的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性图。
图2是通过测定动态粘弹性而获得的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性图。
图3是通过测定动态粘弹性而获得的动剪切模量(G′)的温度依赖性图。
图4是通过测定动态粘弹性而获得的损耗模量(G″)的温度依赖性图。
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明的实施方式的一例加以说明,但本发明并不受以下实施方式的限定。
本发明的贴剂具备柔性支持体和层叠在所述支持体上的膏体层。在这里,本发明的贴剂主要用于贴在皮肤上,所述贴剂包括膏药剂、巴布剂(cataplasm)、胶布剂、橡皮膏、薄片剂、创伤敷剂、化妆品用敷剂等,但不包括工业用胶布。
<膏体层>
构成贴剂的膏体层含有SIS嵌段共聚物作为必需成分,优选进一步含有增粘剂和增塑剂。
[SIS嵌段共聚物]
SIS嵌段共聚物是橡胶类粘着剂的一种,属于A-B-A型聚合物,是具有如下分子结构模型的苯乙烯类热塑性弹性体:末端嵌段A是聚苯乙烯,橡胶中间嵌段B是聚异戊二烯。
本发明中所使用的SIS嵌段共聚物并无特别限制,通常可以是溶液粘度(MPa·s[cps],25℃)为约100~3000左右的SIS嵌段共聚物,苯乙烯与异戊二烯的质量比可以是10/90~30/70,优选苯乙烯与异戊二烯的质量比(苯乙烯/异戊二烯)为20/80~25/75。这样,通过使用苯乙烯质量比大的SIS嵌段共聚物,可以使膏体的制作变容易。
具体来说,可以使用以下市售的SIS类树脂。例如可以列举:苯乙烯/橡胶比(质量%)为15/85,且溶液粘度(MPa·s[cps],25℃)为1,500的SIS类树脂(商品名:Kraton D-1107);苯乙烯/橡胶比(质量%)为15/85,且溶液粘度(MPa·s[cps],25℃)为900的SIS类树脂(商品名:Kraton D-1112);苯乙烯/橡胶比(质量%)为17/83,且溶液粘度(MPa·s[cps],25℃)为500的SIS类树脂(商品名:KratonD-1117P);苯乙烯/橡胶比(质量%)为22/78的SIS类树脂(商品名:Kraton D-KX401);苯乙烯/橡胶比(质量%)为16/84的SIS类树脂(商品名:Kraton D-KX406);苯乙烯/橡胶比(质量%)为30/70,且溶液粘度(MPa·s[cps],25℃)为300的SIS类树脂(商品名:KratonD-1125x);苯乙烯/橡胶比(质量%)为10/90,且溶液粘度(MPa·s[cps],25℃)为2,500的SIS类树脂(商品名:Kraton D-1320x)(所述SIS类树脂都是由Kraton Polymer Japan公司制造的)。本发明中使用的SIS嵌段共聚物可以含有这些SIS类树脂中的一种或者两种以上,优选苯乙烯/橡胶比(质量%)为22/78的SIS类树脂(商品名:Kraton D-KX401)。
SIS嵌段共聚物的含量并无特别限制,优选相对于膏体整体为10~40质量%的含量。SIS嵌段共聚物的含量过少时聚集力不足;另一方面,SIS嵌段共聚物的含量过多时皮肤贴附性不足,因此不优选。
[增粘剂]
本发明中所使用的增粘剂并无特别限制,例如优选脂环族饱和烃树脂(合成石油树脂)或者松香酯(rosin ester)衍生物、萜烯类树脂、酚醛类树脂等。
脂环族饱和烃树脂并无特别限制,例如可以是“Arkon P-100(商品名)”(荒川化学工业公司制造)等。
松香酯衍生物并无特别限制,例如可以是“Estergum H(商品名)”(荒川化学工业公司制造)、“KE-311(商品名)”(荒川化学工业公司制造)、“KE-100(商品名)”(荒川化学工业公司制造)等。
萜烯类树脂并无特别限制,例如可以是“YS Resin(商品名)”(Yasuhara Chemical公司制造)等。
本发明中所使用的增粘剂例如可以含有这些增粘剂中的一种或者两种以上。
增粘剂的含量并无特别限制,优选相对于膏体整体为10~35质量%的含量。增粘剂的含量过少时粘着力不足;另一方面,增粘剂的含量过多时粘着力过强,从皮肤上剥离时带给使用者很大痛苦。
[增塑剂]
本发明中所使用的增塑剂并无特别限制,例如可以是:液体石蜡、氢化油、氢化蓖麻油、辛基十二醇等高级醇、角鲨烷、角鲨烯、蓖麻油、液体橡胶(聚丁烯)、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯等脂肪酸酯等。本发明中所使用的增塑剂例如可以含有这些增塑剂中的一种或者两种以上。此外,在这些增塑剂中优选液体石蜡、氢化油、氢化蓖麻油。
增塑剂的含量优选相对于膏体整体为20~60质量%的含量。如果增塑剂的含量过少,则膏体层过度硬化,由此导致粘着力不足。另一方面,如果增塑剂的调配量过多,则膏体层过度软化,由此引发过分粘稠、从皮肤剥离时带给使用者很大痛苦、容易残留粘着物等问题。增塑剂的含量更优选25~50质量%,进而更优选30~50质量%。
[任意成分]
除所述成分外,构成贴剂的膏体层可以视需要含有药剂成分、赋形剂或抗氧化剂、药物溶解剂、透皮吸收促进剂、香料、着色料等任意成分。任意成分可以是这些任意成分的一种或两种以上。
(药剂成分)
药剂成分例如可以是:全身麻醉剂、安眠药、止痛药、消炎止痛剂、甾体激素剂、兴奋/清醒剂、精神神经用药、局部麻醉剂、骨骼肌松弛药、自主神经用药、抗过敏药、抗组胺剂、强心剂、心律不齐用药、利尿剂、降血压剂、血管收缩剂、血管扩张剂、钙拮抗剂、抗菌杀菌剂、寄生性皮肤病用药、皮肤软化剂、抗生素、解毒剂、止咳剂、止痒剂、催眠剂、精神活力剂、哮喘药、激素分泌促进剂、抗溃疡药、抗癌剂、维生素剂、美化皮肤成分等具有美白效果的药剂成分等。
此外,当将本发明的贴剂用作局部作用型贴剂时,所述贴剂中所含的药剂例如可以列举:吲哚美辛、酮洛芬(ketoprofen)、氟比洛芬(flurbiprofen)、洛索洛芬(loxoprofen)、洛索洛芬钠(loxoprofen sodium)、吡罗昔康(piroxicam)、美洛昔康(meloxicam)、酮咯酸(ketorolac)、联苯乙酸(felbinac)、双氯芬酸(diclofenac)、双氯芬酸钠等消炎止痛剂。在这些药剂中,优选从由吲哚美辛、酮洛芬、联苯乙酸、洛索洛芬、双氯芬酸和它们的盐所组成的群组中选择的至少一种药剂。药剂的含量并无特别限制,通常相对于膏体层整体为0.1~20质量%左右。
(赋形剂)
赋形剂并无特别限制,例如可以列举:无水硅酸、轻质无水硅酸、含水硅酸等硅化合物,乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素等纤维素衍生物,聚乙烯醇等水溶性高分子,干燥氢氧化铝凝胶、含水硅酸铝等铝化合物,高岭土,氧化钛等。
(抗氧化剂)
抗氧化剂并无特别限制,例如可以列举:二丁基羟基甲苯、抗坏血酸、生育酚、生育酚酯衍生物、丁基羟基茴香醚、2-巯基苯并咪唑等。
(药物的溶解剂·透皮吸收促进剂)
药物的溶解剂或透皮吸收促进剂并无特别限制,可以列举:聚乙二醇(平均分子量为200~30000)、甘油、乙二醇、二乙二醇等多元醇类,油酸、异硬脂酸、柠檬酸等脂肪酸,肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、己二酸二异丙酯等脂肪酸酯,辛酸单甘油酯、辛酸三甘油酯、山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯等脂肪酸多元醇酯,薄荷醇、薄荷醇衍生物、薄荷油、柠檬烯等萜烯类,N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、克罗他米通、聚乙烯醇等。
<支持体>
本发明中所使用的支持体并无特别限制,可以使用聚乙烯、聚丙烯等伸缩性或者非伸缩性的纺织布、无纺布,聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚氯乙烯等的薄膜或者氨基甲酸酯、聚氨酯等发泡性支持体。支持体可以含有这些支持体中的一种或者两种以上。
<衬里>
本发明的贴剂具备柔性支持体和在所述支持体的单面上涂布了膏体的膏体层,但通常所提供的贴剂在膏体层上层叠了可以剥离的衬里。
本发明中通常所使用的可以剥离的衬里可以列举:聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚氯乙烯等的薄膜,蒸镀了铝的金属性薄膜等,也可以是在衬里表面实施硅化处理等剥离处理的衬里。从容易剥离的方面来看,本发明中所使用的“可以剥离的衬里”例如优选:具有直线或曲线状的切口的衬里、2个以上的衬里有一部分重叠的形态的衬里、具有翻折部位的衬里。
<制造方法>
(膏体的制作)
本发明的贴剂的膏体以如下方法制造:以剪切负荷的条件(50rpm~1500 rpm的搅拌速度),使用亨舍尔混合机(Henschel mixer,注册商标)等,对含有SIS嵌段共聚物的原材料组合物,从熔融开始时到成为熔融状态为止(室温~250℃)进行混合搅拌,视需要进一步在熔融状态下进行混合搅拌。用所述方法进行制造,可以制造出具有本发明的物理参数的膏体。
混合搅拌并无特别限制,从原材料组合物熔融开始一直搅拌到成为熔融状态为止即可。混合搅拌时的温度优选为50℃以上。优选将搅拌与剪切负荷同时进行,此时的搅拌速度优选为50 rpm以上,更优选为100rpm以上。
混合搅拌中所使用的装置,例如可以列举:亨舍尔混合机(注册商标)、捏和机、开放式炼胶机(open roll)、混炼机(mixing roll)、密炼机(internal mixer)、班伯里密炼机(Banbury mixer)、Plastomill混炼机、双轴混炼机、挤出混炼机等。在这些装置中,从易于进行高速搅拌的方面来看,优选亨舍尔混合机(注册商标)。
(贴剂(膏药剂)的制作)
本发明的贴剂的支持体上所涂布的膏体层的厚度优选为90μm~250μm。如果膏体层的厚度过大,则使用时贴剂的边缘部分容易刮到衣服等而易于剥离,另一方面如果膏体层的厚度过小,则贴剂失去支持性,容易出现粘贴问题。
另外,本发明的贴剂的制造方法并不限定于所述步骤,可以与制造机器或者制造规模等相配合,调节温度条件、搅拌旋转速度、搅拌时间等。
根据所述制造方法,可以容易地制造如下膏体,此膏体的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为-45℃以上、-35℃以下,并且通过测定动态粘弹性(频率为6.2832(rad/s))而获得的在45℃的tanδ(滞后角)值为0.25以下。
<tanδ(滞后角)和玻璃化转变温度的测定>
tanδ(滞后角)是根据下式,用损耗模量(G″)和动剪切模量(储能模量)(G′)算出的物理特性值。
tanδ(滞后角)=G″/G′
玻璃化转变温度是指玻璃状态的物质所具有的某个物理性质发生急剧变化的温度,所述玻璃化转变温度可以由根据温度变化的tanδ的曲线轮廓等求出。
tanδ(滞后角)和玻璃化转变温度例如可以使用作为测定装置的流变动态分析仪(Rheometric Dynamic Analyzer),以如下步骤进行测定。
首先,从贴剂上刮下膏体,将50mg~75mg的所述膏体夹在所述装置内的圆筒状夹具中。然后一面改变温度,一面检测对膏体施加固定频率的应变时的应力,接着根据此检测值算出损耗模量(G″)和动剪切模量(储能模量)(G′),最终获得tanδ(滞后角)值。此外,玻璃化转变温度(Tg值)可以根据tanδ的曲线轮廓,确定为顶点的温度(横轴值)。
构成本发明的贴剂的膏体的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为-45℃以上、-35℃以下,并且通过测定动态粘弹性(频率为6.2832(rad/s))而获得的在45℃的tanδ(滞后角)值为0.25以下。玻璃化转变温度(Tg)优选为-43℃以上、-35℃以下。此外,从可以进一步提高产品的耐水性和使用性并且可以进一步减轻产品带给使用者的刺激的方面来看,45℃的tanδ(滞后角)值优选为0.12以上、0.25以下,更优选为0.15以上、0.25以下。
另外,可以推测出:贴剂的耐水性、使用性、皮肤刺激性与膏体的tanδ(滞后角)温度依赖性图中拐点的坐标相关。也就是说,通过改变tanδ(滞后角)温度依赖性图中拐点的坐标、即玻璃化转变点的温度(Tg)和45℃的tanδ(滞后角)值,可以调节贴剂的耐水性、使用性、皮肤刺激性。
此外,从在膏体的制造过程中搅拌混合物(约100~150℃)时,可以容易地剪切混合物的方面来看,膏体在100℃的tanδ值优选为2.5以上、4.0以下。
另外,构成本发明的贴剂的膏体在32℃的tanδ(滞后角)值优选为0.25以上、0.35以下,更优选为0.25以上、0.30以下。
实施例
下面列举实施例对本发明加以具体说明,但本发明并不受这些实施例任何限制。
<实施例1>
在亨舍尔混合机(注册商标,三井矿山公司制造)内,向3870g作为增塑剂的液体石蜡(Moresco White P-350P;松村石油研究所公司制造)中添加90g作为抗氧化剂的二丁基羟基甲苯、2250g作为增粘剂的预先加温的“Estergum H(商品名)”(荒川化学工业公司制造),接着在旋转速度200rpm、温度100℃的条件下进行混合。
在所述混合物中,添加2250g的SIS嵌段共聚物(D-KX401CS;Kraton Polymer Japan公司制造),所述SIS嵌段共聚物中的苯乙烯与异戊二烯的质量比(苯乙烯/异戊二烯)为22/78,接着在旋转速度800rpm、温度100℃的条件下进行剪切,升温到150℃使混合物熔解。
接着以800rpm的旋转速度剪切所述熔解物,进行10分钟搅拌。在所述搅拌物中添加270g的1-薄荷醇和270g的N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮作为药物的溶解剂或者透皮吸收促进剂,加以混合搅拌,从而制成膏体。
然后将制成的膏体铺展在单位面积重量为100g/m2的针织物(聚酯制)上以使其厚度为150μm,接着在所述膏体上层叠经硅化处理的衬里(PET制),制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例2>
将液体石蜡的添加量设为3780g,将1-薄荷醇的添加量设为90g,并且添加180g氢化油和90g双氯芬酸钠,除此以外用与实施例1相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例3>
将液体石蜡的添加量设为3285g,将N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的添加量设为360g,并且添加360g异硬脂酸和45g柠檬酸,除此以外用与实施例2相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例4>
添加苯乙烯与异戊二烯的质量比(苯乙烯/异戊二烯)为15/85的SIS嵌段共聚物(D-1107;Kraton Polymer Japan公司制造)代替“D-KX401CS(商品名)”,并且添加“KE-100(商品名)”(荒川化学工业公司制造)代替Estergum H,除此以外用与实施例1相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例5>
将液体石蜡的添加量设为3780g,添加“Estergum H(商品名)”(荒川化学工业公司制造)代替“KE-100(商品名)”,并且添加90 g双氯芬酸钠,除此以外用与实施例4相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例6>
将液体石蜡的添加量设为3780g,并且添加90g酮洛芬,除此以外用与实施例1相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例7>
添加“Arkon P-100(商品名)”(荒川化学工业公司制造)代替“Estergum H(商品名)”,并且添加吲哚美辛代替双氯芬酸钠,除此以外用与实施例6相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例8>
将液体石蜡的添加量设为4162g,将N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的添加量设为180g,将1-薄荷醇的添加量设为135g,将二丁基羟基甲苯的添加量设为22.5g,除此以外用与实施例1相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例9>
将N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的添加量设为180g,进一步添加90g双氯芬酸钠,除此以外用与实施例1相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例10>
添加酮洛芬代替双氯芬酸钠,并且添加“KE-100(商品名)”代替“Estergum H(商品名)”,除此以外用与实施例9相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例11>
将液体石蜡的添加量设为3654g,将N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的添加量设为360g,并且添加联苯乙酸代替双氯芬酸钠,进一步添加36g柠檬酸,除此以外用与实施例9相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例12>
将1-薄荷醇的添加量设为135g,将二丁基羟基甲苯的添加量设为45g,进一步添加180g氢化油,并且添加“KE-100(商品名)”代替“Estergum H(商品名)”,添加双氯芬酸钠代替联苯乙酸,除此以外用与实施例11相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例13>
将“D-KX401CS(商品名)”的添加量设为3150g,将“Estergum H(商品名)”的添加量设为2700g,将液体石蜡的添加量设为3150g,并且不添加N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、1-薄荷醇和二丁基羟基甲苯,除此以外用与实施例1相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例14>
将“D-KX401CS(商品名)”的添加量设为1800g,将液体石蜡的添加量设为3510g,将N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的添加量设为180g,将1-薄荷醇的添加量设为90g,进一步添加180g氢化油和90g联苯乙酸,但不添加二丁基羟基甲苯,并且添加3150g的“KE-100(商品名)”代替“Estergum H(商品名)”,除此以外用与实施例1相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例15>
将“D-KX401CS(商品名)”的添加量设为2700g,将“Estergum H(商品名)”的添加量设为1350g,将液体石蜡的添加量设为4500g,将N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮的添加量设为360g,进一步添加90g洛索洛芬钠,并且不添加1-薄荷醇和二丁基羟基甲苯,除此以外用与实施例1相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
<实施例16>
将“D-KX401CS(商品名)”的添加量设为1350g,将“Estergum H(商品名)”的添加量设为2700g,将液体石蜡的添加量设为3960g,进一步添加900g的“D-1107(商品名)”和90g酮洛芬,并且不添加N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、1-薄荷醇和二丁基羟基甲苯,除此以外用与实施例1相同的步骤制成膏体,进而制成贴剂(膏药剂)。
实施例1~16的组成的概要如表4所示。
[表4]
SIS | 增粘剂 | LP | 氢化油 | 任意成分 | |||||
溶解剂·透皮吸收促进剂 | 药剂 | ||||||||
NMP | L-MEN | BHT | 其他 | ||||||
实施例1 | 22/782250g | EGH2250g | 3870g | - | 270g | 270g | 90g | - | - |
实施例2 | 22782250g | EGH2250g | 3780g | 180g | 270g | 90g | 90g | - | DFNa 90g |
实施例3 | 22782250g | EGH2250g | 3285g | 180g | 360g | 90g | 90g | 异硬脂酸360g柠檬酸45g | DFNa 90g |
实施例4 | 15/852250g | KE2250g | 3870g | 270g | 270g | 90g | - | - | |
实施例5 | 15/852250g | EGH2250g | 3780g | - | 270g | 270g | 90g | DFNa 90g | |
实施例6 | 22/782250g | EGH2250g | 3780g | - | 270g | 270g | 90g | KP 90g | |
实施例7 | 22/782250g | Arkon2250g | 3780g | - | 270g | 270g | 90g | - | ID 90g |
实施例8 | 22/782250g | EGH2250g | 4162g | - | 180g | 135g | 22.5g | - | - |
实施例9 | 22/782250g | EGH2250g | 3870g | 180g | 270g | 90g | - | DFNa 90g | |
实施例10 | 22782250g | KE2250g | 3870g | - | 180g | 270g | 90g | KP 90g | |
实施例11 | 22/782250g | EGH2250g | 3654g | 360g | 270g | 90g | 柠檬酸36g | FB 90g | |
实施例12 | 22/782250g | KE2250g | 3654g | 180g | 360g | 135g | 45g | 柠檬酸36g | DFNa 90g |
实施例13 | 22/783150g | EGH2700g | 3150g | - | - | - | - | - | - |
实施例14 | 22/781800g | KE3150g | 3510g | 180g | 180g | 90g | - | - | FB 90g |
实施例15 | 22/782700g | EGH1350g | 4500g | 360g | - | - | - | LXNa 90g | |
实施例16 | 22/781350g15/85900g | EGH2700g | 3960g | - | - | - | KP 90g |
SIS:SIS嵌段共聚物
EGH:Estergum H(松香酯衍生物)
KE:KE-100(松香酯衍生物)
Arkon:Arkon P-100(脂环族饱和烃树脂)
BHT:二丁基羟基甲苯
LP:液体石蜡
NMP:N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮
L-MEN:1-薄荷醇
KP:酮洛芬
DFNa:双氯芬酸钠
ID:吲哚美辛
FB:联苯乙酸
LXNa:洛索洛芬钠
对实施例1~16以及含有SIS嵌段共聚物的粘着剂的市售贴剂,测定其膏体的物理特性值(tanδ(滞后角)和玻璃化转变温度(Tg)),从而评价贴剂的自粘性(使用性)、皮肤刺激性、皮肤贴附性和存在水分时的皮肤贴附性(耐水性)。
[试验例1]tanδ和玻璃化转变温度(Tg)的测定
使用流变动态分析仪(Rheometric Dynamic Analyzer)“DynamicAnalyzer RDAIII(商品名)”(Rheometric Scientific公司制造),测定粘着剂的动剪切模量(G′)等。
具体来说,首先从各贴剂的膏体层刮下膏体,将约65mg的膏体夹在圆筒状的夹具中。一边使所述膏体从-70℃开始,以5℃/分钟的速度升温到120℃,一边每12秒测定一次以频率6.2832(rad/s)施加1%应变时的应力,并制成图。使用直径为8.0mm的平行平板作为平板(plate),间隙(Gap)设为1.298mm,使用电脑软件(Orchestrator Ver.6.5.6;Rheometric Scientific公司制造)算出G′和G″。同样使用电脑软件(Orchestrator Ver.6.5.6;Rheometric Scientific公司制造)计算tanδ(滞后角)(=G″/G′)。此外,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)值由tanδ的曲线轮廓确定。
<测定条件>
·频率:6.2832(rad/s)
·温度:-70℃~120℃(最开始设定为-70℃,以5℃/分钟的速度升温到120℃。)
·测定制图:每12秒钟进行一次测定制图。
·平板:平行平板,直径8.0mm
·间隙(Gap):1.298mm
·应变量:1%
使用市售的贴剂即市售品a~g以及实施例1~16中获得的膏体进行测定的所述物质的玻璃化转变温度以及45℃和32℃的tanδ(滞后角)在表5中表示如下。
[表5]
玻璃化转变温度(℃) | 45℃的tanδ | 32℃的tan δ | |
市售品a | -46.84 | 0.26 | 0.27382 |
市售品b | -52.82 | 0.31 | 0.30100 |
市售品c | -46.85 | 0.21 | 0.23650 |
市售品d | -46.86 | 0.41 | 0.31273 |
市售品e | -40.89 | 0.40 | 0.51035 |
市售品f | -22.90 | 0.11 | 0.17114 |
市售品g | -46.85 | 0.56 | 0.40638 |
实施例1 | -40.87 | 0.20 | 0.26100 |
实施例2 | -40.87 | 0.21 | 0.26254 |
实施例3 | -40.88 | 0.24 | 0.28606 |
实施例4 | -43.00 | 0.18 | 0.28100 |
实施例5 | -43.00 | 0.20 | 0.26094 |
实施例6 | 40.87 | 0.17 | 0.26100 |
实施例7 | 40.87 | 0.19 | 0.26100 |
实施例8 | -37.9 | 0.16 | - |
实施例9 | -39.8 | 0.17 | |
实施例10 | -38.8 | 0.18 | - |
实施例11 | -40.8 | 0.19 | |
实施例12 | -37.9 | 0.23 | - |
实施例13 | -36.0 | 0.24 | |
实施例14 | -42.0 | 0.22 | |
实施例15 | -37.9 | 0.23 | - |
实施例16 | -42.5 | 0.24 | - |
[试验例2]使用性的评价
剥离贴剂的衬里后,使所述市售品a~g和实施例1~16的贴剂(10cm×7cm)的膏体面相互贴合对折。按以下标准,对将膏体分开拉回到原状态时的剥离容易度进行感官评价。
“评价标准”
◎:可以没有阻力地剥离。
○:可以剥离但稍有阻力。
△:有点难以剥离。
×:难以剥离拉回到原状态,膏体层的一部分剥落。
[试验例3]皮肤刺激性(剥离时的疼痛感)的评价
将所述市售品a~g和实施例1~16的贴剂(10cm×7cm)贴在试验评论员5人的右上臂部。按以下标准,评价将各贴剂从右上臂部剥离时感觉到的疼痛感。
“评价标准”
◎:完全感觉不到疼痛。
○:感觉到一点疼痛。
△:感到疼痛。
×:感到强烈疼痛。
[试验例4]皮肤贴附性的评价
将所述市售品a~g和实施例1~16的贴剂(10cm×7cm)贴在试验评论员5人的右上臂部。经过8小时后,目视观察各贴剂的皮肤贴附状态(剥离状况)。将整个面都贴在皮肤上的贴剂记为“无剥离”,按以下标准进行评价。
“评价标准”
◎:无剥离。
○:有极其轻微的剥离。
△:在四角等处有稍大的剥离。
×:在大范围内存在剥离或者粘贴部位大幅偏移。
[试验例5]存在水分时的皮肤贴附性(耐水性)的评价
在试验评论员5人的右上臂部喷洒纯净水后,以与试验例4相同的步骤评价所述市售品a~g和实施例1~16的贴剂(10cm×7cm),对各贴剂的皮肤贴附性加以评价。
试验例2~5的评价结果示于表6。
[表6]
试验例2使用性 | 试验例3剥离时的疼痛感 | 试验例4皮肤贴附性 | 试验例5皮肤贴附性(水分存在下) | |
市售品a | △ | × | ◎ | ○ |
市售品b | △ | × | ◎ | - |
市售品c | ○ | △ | ◎ | - |
市售品d | / | - | ○ | |
市售品e | ○ | △ | ◎ | - |
市售品f | △ | - | ○ | - |
市售品g | / | △ | △ | × |
实施例1 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例2 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例3 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例4 | ○ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例5 | ○ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例6 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例7 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例8 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例9 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例10 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例11 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例12 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例13 | ◎ | ◎ | ○ | ○ |
实施例14 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例15 | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ | ◎ |
实施例16 | ◎ | ◎ | ○ | ○ |
实施例1~16中制成的膏体都显示出与图1或图2所示的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性图基本相同的tanδ(滞后角)的温度依赖性。具体来说,如表5所示,膏体的玻璃化转变温度为-45℃以上、-35℃以下,并且在45℃的tanδ(滞后角)为0.25以下。另外,膏体在32℃的tanδ(滞后角)为0.20以上、0.45以下。相对于此,市售品a~g并不满足如下条件:膏体的玻璃化转变温度为-45℃以上、-35℃以下,并且在45℃的tanδ(滞后角)为0.25以下。
另一方面,通过表6可以知道实施例1~16中制成的贴剂都可以提高使用性、皮肤贴附性和耐水性,并且可以降低带给皮肤的刺激。相对于此,由市售品a~g制成的贴剂无法提高使用性、皮肤贴附性和耐水性,并且无法降低带给皮肤的刺激。
根据以上所述可以知道使含有SIS嵌段共聚物的膏体的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为-45℃以上、-35℃以下,并且使通过测定动态粘弹性(频率为6.2832(rad/s))而获得的在45℃的tanδ(滞后角)值为0.25以下,由此可以提高产品耐水性和使用性并且可以减轻带给使用者的刺激。
Claims (6)
1.一种贴剂,其具备柔性支持体和层叠在所述支持体上的膏体层,其特征在于:
所述膏体层含有苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,
膏体层的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为-45℃以上、-35℃以下,并且
通过测定动态粘弹性(频率为6.2832(rad/s))而获得的在45℃的tanδ(滞后角)值为0.25以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的贴剂,其特征在于:所述tanδ(滞后角)值为0.12以上、0.25以下。
3.根据权利要求2所述的贴剂,其特征在于:所述tanδ(滞后角)值为0.15以上、0.25以下。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一权利要求所述的贴剂,其特征在于:所述膏体层进一步含有增粘剂和增塑剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的贴剂,其特征在于:相对于整个所述膏体层,所述苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的含量为10质量%以上、40质量%以下,所述增粘剂的含量为10质量%以上、35质量%以下,所述增塑剂的含量为20质量%以上、60质量%以下。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一权利要求所述的贴剂,其特征在于:在所述苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物中苯乙烯与异戊二烯的质量比(苯乙烯/异戊二烯)为20/80以上、25/75以下。
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CN2006800190175A Expired - Fee Related CN101184479B (zh) | 2005-06-01 | 2006-06-01 | 贴剂 |
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US (1) | US20090043236A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1886675A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5243792B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101396446B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101184479B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2610414C (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1115323A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2006129745A1 (zh) |
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CN107106513A (zh) * | 2015-02-24 | 2017-08-29 | 久光制药株式会社 | 泥罨剂 |
US11903915B2 (en) | 2019-02-14 | 2024-02-20 | Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc. | Poultice |
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JP4939113B2 (ja) * | 2005-06-01 | 2012-05-23 | ニプロパッチ株式会社 | 貼付剤 |
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GB201621818D0 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2017-02-01 | Aqua Bio Tech Asa | Cosmetic composition and use thereof |
JP6867210B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-30 | 2021-04-28 | ニチバン株式会社 | 貼付剤 |
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US11872111B2 (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2024-01-16 | Orlucent Inc. | Patches for localized use |
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-
2006
- 2006-06-01 WO PCT/JP2006/310968 patent/WO2006129745A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-06-01 KR KR1020077029940A patent/KR101396446B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-06-01 US US11/921,289 patent/US20090043236A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-06-01 EP EP06747070A patent/EP1886675A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-06-01 JP JP2007519054A patent/JP5243792B2/ja active Active
- 2006-06-01 CA CA2610414A patent/CA2610414C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-06-01 CN CN2006800190175A patent/CN101184479B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-09-29 HK HK08110847.6A patent/HK1115323A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107106513A (zh) * | 2015-02-24 | 2017-08-29 | 久光制药株式会社 | 泥罨剂 |
CN107106513B (zh) * | 2015-02-24 | 2021-03-02 | 久光制药株式会社 | 泥罨剂 |
US10940121B2 (en) | 2015-02-24 | 2021-03-09 | Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc. | Gel patch |
US11903915B2 (en) | 2019-02-14 | 2024-02-20 | Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc. | Poultice |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20090043236A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
KR20080015120A (ko) | 2008-02-18 |
JPWO2006129745A1 (ja) | 2009-01-08 |
CA2610414C (en) | 2013-09-10 |
EP1886675A1 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
KR101396446B1 (ko) | 2014-05-20 |
HK1115323A1 (en) | 2008-11-28 |
CA2610414A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
JP5243792B2 (ja) | 2013-07-24 |
CN101184479B (zh) | 2011-05-04 |
WO2006129745A1 (ja) | 2006-12-07 |
EP1886675A4 (en) | 2012-11-07 |
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