CN101167427A - Method for cultivating tomato stock using with resistant variety axillary buds cuttage - Google Patents
Method for cultivating tomato stock using with resistant variety axillary buds cuttage Download PDFInfo
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- CN101167427A CN101167427A CNA2007101147018A CN200710114701A CN101167427A CN 101167427 A CN101167427 A CN 101167427A CN A2007101147018 A CNA2007101147018 A CN A2007101147018A CN 200710114701 A CN200710114701 A CN 200710114701A CN 101167427 A CN101167427 A CN 101167427A
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- axillalry bud
- cuttage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method cultivating tomato root stocks by utilizing auxiliary bud cuttage of a resistant variety, which comprises the following procedures: first, choosing auxiliary buds, wherein auxiliary buds are chosen after tomatoes of the first florescence bear fruits in fields and before the fruits are picked; second, cuttage, wherein when the chosen auxiliary buds reach a certain standard, the auxiliary buds are taken off mother plants, the base of each auxiliary bud is cut by a blade with an angle of 30 degrees to form a long bevel, and then the auxiliary buds are rapidly dipped into liquid medicine for seven to twelve minutes, the dipping depth is chosen not to submerge the bottom leaf of each auxiliary bud, and the dipped auxiliary buds are inserted in a seedling bed; third, management, wherein plants after cuttage are cultivated for seven to ten days in the environment with the day temperature being 25-30 DEG C, the night temperature being 15-22 DEG C and the humidity being 75 percent, ventilation, dehumidifying and seedling training are done for three to five days, and then normal management is done for the plants. The plants can finally be used as root stocks for grafting after 20-25 days after cuttage. The invention can achieve the purpose of decreasing costs and improving efficiency and has remarkable economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of cultivating the anti-Meloidogyne incognita tomato stock in the biological technical field.
Background technology
Tomato is the principal item that protection ground vegetables produce, because continuous cropping cultivation for many years, various diseases such as verticillium wilt, fusarium wilt, bacterial wilt, root knot nematode disease take place more and more heavier.The tomato grafting not only can diseases prevention, also since stock than former scion well developed root system, suction, fertilizer sucting ability are strong, can significantly improve output.It is to realize one of effective measures of good quality and high output that tomato production adopts the scion grafting of good resistance stock and high yield proterties.Utilization has the good tomato variety of the stock of high resistance and yielding ability and commodity to carry out grafting cultivation to multiple soil-borne disease, can effectively prevent the generation of soil-borne disease, overcomes continuous cropping obstacle, obtains stable high yield.
Tomato graft stock scarcity has limited the promotion and application of tomato graft technology at present.Though the tomato of preventing root-knot Nematode disease kind can be used as stock and uses aborning, the tomato of preventing root-knot Nematode disease variety seeds costs an arm and a leg, and is unwell to directly to do the stock application.Utilize the high-order bud cottage breeding of resistant variety stock will effectively solve the deficient and high difficult problem of cost of stock.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method of cultivating the anti-Meloidogyne incognita tomato stock that cost is low, can effectively increase output.
A kind of method of utilizing resistant variety axillalry bud cottage breeding tomato stock is characterized in that: this method be with high anti-Meloidogyne incognita tomato as a result mitogenetic axillalry bud of middle and later periods use stock by the cottage breeding plant as the grafting tomato, comprise the following steps:
(1) selects axillalry bud: behind the land for growing field crops tomato first inflorescence setting, to harvest time, select axillalry bud for use;
(2) cuttage: when the axillalry bud of selecting and remain reaches selection standard, break off with the fingers and thumb down from maternal plant, and at the axillalry bud base portion with the blade cutter of splaying, be 30 ° of angles, form long inclined-plane, and put into soup rapidly and soaked 7～12 minutes, immersion depth is as the criterion not flood bottom leaf, soaks the back cuttage in the bed of growing seedlings;
(3) management: after the cuttage plant body by day temperature be 25～30 ℃, 15～22 ℃ of nights, humidity is to cultivate 7～10 days in the environment more than 75%, ventilates then to falling the wet seedling of practicing and carry out normal management after 3～5 days, and promptly can be used as stock in 20～25 days after the cuttage carries out grafting.
Below be based on the technical scheme of improvement of the technical scheme of the present invention:
The selection standard of axillalry bud is that length 6～10cm, blade are 3～5 in the step (2).
Axillalry bud in the step (1) is the axillalry bud under first inflorescence.
Soup in the step (2) is that 100mg/kg heteroauxin solution and 600 times of liquid of 75% tpn wetting powder form by 1: 1 mixed preparing.
In the step (2), the cuttage degree of depth is 3～6cm, and the axil of axillalry bud bottommost a slice leaf bassets, and density is spacing 10cm * 10cm.
Beneficial effect: the present invention adopts the axillalry bud of root-knot nematode resistant tomato to cultivate stock, can reach cost-saving synergistic, has remarkable economic efficiency.Owing to carry out the use that the tomato grafting cultivation has reduced agricultural chemicals, have significant ecological benefits simultaneously.
Embodiment
Specifically set forth the present invention below in conjunction with example.
Embodiment 1, utilize the axillalry bud cottage breeding stock of day-light greenhouse winter spring stubble tomato, varieties of plant is the Millennium tomato, is that grafting is cultivated in scion with tomato FA-189, carries out autumn and winter stubble tomato production.
The Millennium tomato is the tomato variety that Taiwan peasant's seedling company produces.Its breediness: the plant growing way is extremely strong, and robust growth divides principal stresses strong, belongs to the indeterminate growth type.150～200 centimetres of plant heights.Carpopodium has joint, the fruit dense arrangement, and Dan Suike ties 14～25 fruits.About single fruit weight 14 grams, spherical fruit, pulp is thick, and the fruit look scarlet is gorgeous, and local flavor is sweet, is difficult for dehiscent fruit, the output height, picking time is long.Disease resistance is strong, and is high anti-to root nematode disease especially.
Below test is carried out in Shouguang City, Shandong Province:
(1) cultivates stock
The axillalry bud that it is 6～10cm that on May 10th, 2005 was broken down length off with the fingers and thumb from Millennium tomato maternal plant, have 3～5 leaves, and at the axillalry bud base portion with the blade cutter of splaying, be 30 ° of angles, form long inclined-plane, be a bundle by 40～50 then, gently tie up into some wisps, and put into 100mg/kg heteroauxin solution and 600 times of liquid of 75% tpn wetting powder rapidly and soaked 10 minutes by the soup that 1: 1 mixed preparing forms, immersion depth is as the criterion not flood bottom leaf.Soak the back cuttage in the bed of growing seedlings.About cuttage degree of depth 5cm, density with spacing 10cm * 10cm for well.Thermophilic is 25～30 ℃ daytime in 10 days after the cuttage, and be 15～22 ℃ night.The cuttage branch has sent new root after 7～10 days, and day temperature suitably reduces by 2～3 ℃, in order to upper-controlling-lower-promoting.Then manage after 10 days by general seedbed.
Sprinkle water once after the cuttage, see humidity watering as one sees fit in seedbed in 3～4 days, humidity is remained on more than 75%.Inserting seedling after 7～10 days does not have the wilting phenomenon and will reduce seedbed humidity gradually, in case excessive growth and disease take place.Normal management after 10 days.After the cuttage 21 days as stock.
(2) cultivate grafting
Beginning grafting on June 1.The young plant grafting is watered the previous day.The water content of stock reaches more than 75% during grafting, and the scion water content is 65～75%; Equipment disinfection is thorough comprehensively during grafting.In semi-underground greenhouse, take the greenhouse ceiling with the sunshade net, indoor temperature between 25～30 ℃ as the operating room.Young plant does not have water droplet during grafting, with the semi-lignified place truncation of stock top, keeps the bottom, with sterile blade stem is split vertically downward by the center of circle then and is cut 1～1.5cm.Scion to the thick or similar position of thickness such as the cutting part of stock, keep top, with blade its stem is whittled into 1～1.5cm chock then, again scion is inserted closely the position of riving of stock, folder is gone up plastic clip then.It is 25～28 ℃ that seedling after the grafting is placed on temperature, and humidity is in the sealing plastic canopy in the operating room more than 85%, after 7～10 days film to be opened gradually, and original position is ventilated and fallen humidity and practice seedling, practices seedling and can carry out normal management after 3～5 days.
Grafting 2000 strains altogether of the stock of cultivating and FA-189 tomato, survive 1949 strains, survival rate reaches 97.5%.
June 16 is fine, and tomato FA-189 grafting is transplanted in the serious greenhouse by solar heat of vegetables base, ancient city street, Shouguang City, Shandong root-knot nematode, and survival rate is 100%.
(3) productivity of FA-189 tomato grafting and field performance
Field trial is in vegetables base, ancient city street, Shouguang City, Shandong Province, and selected greenhouse by solar heat root knot nematode disease is very serious, and it is balsam pear that preceding stubble is planted plant, owing to the harm of root-knot nematode is had no harvest.
2 processing are established in test, are respectively FA-189 tomato grafting and FA-189 tomato own-rooted tree (in contrast).The FA-189 tomato seeds is available from Israel Hai Zela high quality seed company.Repeat for 4 times, adopt district's group arrangement at random, sub-district area 45m
2, every sub-district field planting 120 strains.In identical environment and condition of culture, be cultured to fruit maturation.
The result shows: since on July 25th, 2006, FA-189 tomato own-rooted tree began to have the generation of the sick worm of a small amount of root knot line, and FA-189 tomato grafting is not investigated root knot; To on August 25th, 2006, the FA-189 tomato just reached 56.8% from the root knot index of root, and the root knot index of FA-189 tomato grafting is 1.63%; To on June 20th, 2007, the root knot index of FA-189 tomato own-rooted tree reached highest level 100%, and the coefficient of FA-189 tomato grafting only is 3.51%, has only the root knot of minute quantity.Its output: FA-189 tomato grafting is 1.67 * 10
5Kghm
-2, FA-189 tomato own-rooted tree is 1.22 * 10
5Kghm
-2, use the grafting of FA-189 tomato to increase output 4.5 * 10 than FA-189 tomato own-rooted tree
4Kghm
-2, amount of increase in production reaches 36.8%.
Wherein, the root knot index calculation method is as follows:
Carry out root knot bottom line worm hazard rating according to following standard:
The onset grade symptom is described
0 grade: root is normal, does not have visible root knot
1 grade: on 1/3rd following roots a small amount of root knot is arranged
3 grades: on 1/3rd to 1/2nd root knot is arranged
5 grades: on 1/2nd above roots root knot is arranged, in a small amount of secondary root root knot takes place
7 grades: on all roots, comprise and also cover with root knot in the secondary root.
Embodiment 2, utilize the greenhouse by solar heat autumn to postpone the axillalry bud cottage breeding stock of stubble tomato, varieties of plant is the Nai Monita tomato, is that grafting is cultivated in scion with hair powder 802 tomatoes, carries out Winter-Spring stubble tomato production.
The Nai Monita tomato is that Israel Ni Ruite company releases a tomato variety.Its breediness: the indeterminate growth type, the plant strain growth gesture is strong, and blade is big and dark green, and stem is thick, well developed root system.The power of bearing fruit continuously is strong, is not prone to sky fringe, fallen flowers, and every fringe stays 4～6 fruits.The fruit large red, circle, fruit surface smooth, outward appearance U.S., taste is good, and pulp is thick, and fruit is hard, after the commentaries on classics of fruit look red, stays fruit 20 days on plant, and fruit still keeps original hardness and color and luster.Shelf life reaches 15～20 days.Mean fruit weight 180～260g.High nematicide disease, drought resisting, low temperature resistant.
Below test is carried out in Shouguang City, Shandong Province:
(1) cultivates stock
The axillalry bud that it is 6～10cm that on October 25th, 2006 was broken down length off with the fingers and thumb from Nai Monita tomato maternal plant, have 3～5 leaves, and at the axillalry bud base portion with the blade cutter of splaying, be 30 ° of angles, form long inclined-plane, be a bundle by 40～50 then, gently tie up into some wisps, and put into 100mg/kg heteroauxin solution and 600 times of liquid of 75% tpn wetting powder rapidly and soaked 10 minutes by the soup that 1: 1 mixed preparing forms, immersion depth is as the criterion not flood bottom leaf.Soak the back cuttage in the bed of growing seedlings.About cuttage degree of depth 5cm, density with spacing 10cm * 10cm for well.Thermophilic is 25～30 ℃ daytime in 10 days after the cuttage, and be 15～22 ℃ night.The cuttage branch has sent new root after 7～10 days, and day temperature suitably reduces by 2～3 ℃, in order to upper-controlling-lower-promoting.Then manage after 10 days by general seedbed.
Sprinkle water once after the cuttage, see humidity watering as one sees fit in seedbed in 3～4 days, humidity is remained on more than 75%.Inserting seedling after 7～10 days does not have the wilting phenomenon and will reduce seedbed humidity gradually, in case excessive growth and disease take place.Normal management after 10 days.After the cuttage 23 days as stock.
(2) cultivate grafting
Beginning grafting on November 18.The young plant grafting is watered the previous day.The water content of stock reaches more than 75% during grafting, and the scion water content is 65～75%; Equipment disinfection is thorough comprehensively during grafting.Will shelter from heat or light and avoid high light in the inherence, operating room, temperature is between 25～30 ℃.Young plant does not have water droplet during grafting, with the semi-lignified place truncation of stock top, keeps the bottom, with sterile blade stem is split vertically downward by the center of circle then and is cut 1～1.5cm.Scion to the thick or similar position of thickness such as the cutting part of stock, keep top, with blade its stem is whittled into 1～1.5cm chock then, again scion is inserted closely the position of riving of stock, folder is gone up plastic clip then.It is 25～28 ℃ that seedling after the grafting is placed on temperature, and humidity is in the sealing plastic canopy in the operating room more than 85%, after 7～10 days film to be opened gradually, and original position is ventilated and fallen humidity and practice seedling, practices seedling and can carry out normal management after 3～5 days.
The stock of cultivating and grafting 2000 strains altogether of hair powder 802 tomatoes, survive 1949 strains, survival rate reaches 97.5%.
December 3 is fine, and tomato hair powder 802 graftings are transplanted in the serious greenhouse by solar heat of vegetables base, ancient city street, Shouguang City, Shandong root-knot nematode, and survival rate is 100%.
(3) productivity of tomato hair powder 802 graftings and field performance
Field trial is in vegetables base, ancient city street, Shouguang City, Shandong Province, and selected greenhouse by solar heat root knot nematode disease is very serious, and it is cucumber that preceding stubble is planted plant, owing to the harm of root-knot nematode is had no harvest.
2 processing are established in test, are respectively mao powder 802 tomato graftings and hair powder 802 tomato own-rooted trees (in contrast).Hair powder 802 tomato seeds are available from the emperor of Xi'an Qin seedling Co., Ltd.Repeat for 4 times, adopt district's group arrangement at random, sub-district area 45m
2, every sub-district field planting 120 strains.In identical environment and condition of culture, be cultured to fruit maturation.
The result shows: since on March 10th, 2007, hair powder 802 tomato own-rooted trees began to have the generation of the sick worm of a small amount of root knot line, and hair powder 802 tomato graftings are not investigated root knot; To on April 20th, 2007, hair powder 802 tomatoes just reached 62.1% from the root knot index of root, and the root knot index of hair powder 802 tomato graftings is 1.56%; To on June 20th, 2007, the root knot index of hair powder 802 tomato own-rooted trees reached highest level 100%, and the coefficient of hair powder 802 tomato graftings only is 4.05%, has only the root knot of minute quantity.Its output: hair powder 802 tomato graftings are 1.15 * 10
5Kghm
-2, hair powder 802 tomato own-rooted trees are 8.77 * 10
4Kghm
-2, use the 802 tomato graftings of hair powder to increase output 2.73 * 10 than hair powder 802 tomato own-rooted trees
4Kghm
2, amount of increase in production reaches 31.1%.
The root knot index calculation method is with embodiment 1.
Claims (5)
1. method of utilizing resistant variety axillalry bud cottage breeding tomato stock is characterized in that: this method be with high anti-Meloidogyne incognita tomato as a result mitogenetic axillalry bud of middle and later periods use stock by the cottage breeding plant as the grafting tomato, comprise the following steps:
(1) selects axillalry bud: behind the land for growing field crops tomato first inflorescence setting, to harvest time, select axillalry bud for use;
(2) cuttage: when the axillalry bud of selecting and remain reaches selection standard, break off with the fingers and thumb down from maternal plant, and at the axillalry bud base portion with the blade cutter of splaying, be 30 ° of angles, form long inclined-plane, and put into soup and soaked 7～12 minutes, immersion depth is as the criterion not flood bottom leaf, soaks the back cuttage in the bed of growing seedlings;
(3) management: after the cuttage plant body by day temperature be 25～30 ℃, 15～22 ℃ of nights, humidity is to cultivate 7～10 days in the environment more than 75%, ventilates then to falling the wet seedling of practicing and carry out normal management after 3～5 days, and promptly can be used as stock in 20～25 days after the cuttage carries out grafting.
2. a kind of method of utilizing resistant variety axillalry bud cottage breeding tomato stock as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the selection standard of axillalry bud is that length 6～10cm, blade are 3～5 in the step (2).
3. a kind of method of utilizing resistant variety axillalry bud cottage breeding tomato stock as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the axillalry bud in the step (1) is the axillalry bud under first inflorescence.
4. a kind of method of utilizing resistant variety axillalry bud cottage breeding tomato stock as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the soup in the step (2) is that 100mg/kg heteroauxin solution and 600 times of liquid of 75% tpn wetting powder form by 1: 1 mixed preparing.
5. a kind of method of utilizing resistant variety axillalry bud cottage breeding tomato stock as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step (2), the cuttage degree of depth is 3～6cm, and the axil of axillalry bud bottommost a slice leaf bassets, and density is spacing 10cm * 10cm.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102422762A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2012-04-25 | 毛学东 | Rapid high-efficiency breeding method for tomato seedlings |
| CN102870575A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-01-16 | 李俊平 | Tomato seedling culture method |
| CN103155809A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-06-19 | 山东省寿光蔬菜产业集团有限公司 | Method of culturing tomato grafted seedling |
| CN103460920A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2013-12-25 | 普定县福海蔬菜种植场 | Cuttage seedling propagation method for tomatoes |
| CN103975759A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-13 | 胡永军 | Method for cultivating grafting seedlings by utilizing tomato axillary buds |
| CN113079972A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 山东省寿光蔬菜产业集团有限公司 | Method for continuously controlling tomato root-knot nematode by resistant variety |
| CN115529959A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2022-12-30 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Application of red melon germplasm as grafting stock of cucurbitaceous melon crops and grafting method |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2939208B2 (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 1999-08-25 | 株式会社ジャット | Method of grafting tomato and seedling obtained by the method |
| CN1274199C (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2006-09-13 | 中国农业大学 | Tomato Meloidogyne incogita Chitwood prevention and cure method |
| CN100998290B (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2010-08-25 | 中国农业大学 | Method for breeding tomato of preventing root-knot Nematode disease |
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2007
- 2007-11-20 CN CN200710114701A patent/CN100576996C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102422762A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2012-04-25 | 毛学东 | Rapid high-efficiency breeding method for tomato seedlings |
| CN102422762B (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-02-27 | 毛学东 | Rapid high-efficiency breeding method for tomato seedlings |
| CN102870575A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-01-16 | 李俊平 | Tomato seedling culture method |
| CN103155809A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-06-19 | 山东省寿光蔬菜产业集团有限公司 | Method of culturing tomato grafted seedling |
| CN103460920A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2013-12-25 | 普定县福海蔬菜种植场 | Cuttage seedling propagation method for tomatoes |
| CN103460920B (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2016-01-13 | 普定县福海蔬菜种植场 | A kind of tomato cuttage and seedling culture method |
| CN103975759A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-13 | 胡永军 | Method for cultivating grafting seedlings by utilizing tomato axillary buds |
| CN103975759B (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2016-06-29 | 寿光市永盛种子有限公司 | A kind of method utilizing Fructus Lycopersici esculenti axillalry bud to cultivate grafting |
| CN113079972A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 山东省寿光蔬菜产业集团有限公司 | Method for continuously controlling tomato root-knot nematode by resistant variety |
| CN115529959A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2022-12-30 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Application of red melon germplasm as grafting stock of cucurbitaceous melon crops and grafting method |
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